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Dietsch B, Weller C, Sticht C, de la Torre C, Kramer M, Goerdt S, Géraud C, Wohlfeil SA. Hepatic passaging of NRAS-mutant melanoma influences adhesive properties and metastatic pattern. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:436. [PMID: 37179302 PMCID: PMC10182637 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver metastasis is a poor prognostic factor for treatment of advanced cutaneous melanoma with either immunotherapy or targeted therapies. In this study we focused on NRAS mutated melanoma, a cohort with high unmet clinical need. METHODS WT31 melanoma was repeatedly passaged over the liver after intravenous injections five times generating the subline WT31_P5IV. The colonization of target organs, morphology, vascularization and the gene expression profiles of metastases were analyzed. RESULTS After intravenous injection lung metastasis was significantly decreased and a trend towards increased liver metastasis was detected for WT31_P5IV as compared to parental WT31. Besides, the ratio of lung to liver metastases was significantly smaller. Histology of lung metastases revealed reduced proliferation of WT31_P5IV in relation to WT31 while both size and necrotic areas were unaltered. Liver metastases of both sublines showed no differences in vascularization, proliferation or necrosis. To identify tumor-intrinsic factors that altered the metastatic pattern of WT31_P5IV RNA sequencing was performed and revealed a differential regulation of pathways involved in cell adhesion. Ex vivo fluorescence imaging confirmed that initial tumor cell retention in the lungs was significantly reduced in WT31_P5IV in comparison to WT31. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that tumor-intrinsic properties influencing the metastatic pattern of NRAS mutated melanoma are strongly affected by hepatic passaging and the hematogenous route tumor cells take. It has implications for the clinical setting as such effects might also occur during metastatic spread or disease progression in melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Dietsch
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Céline Weller
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolina de la Torre
- NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Kramer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Small Animal Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sergij Goerdt
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cyrill Géraud
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian A Wohlfeil
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany.
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Rademaker E, Bastiaannet E, Oosting J, Dekker-Ensink NG, Kuppen PJK, de Miranda NFCC, Liefers GJ. Revising the Role of Integrin Subunit β4 Expression in Colon Cancer Progression and Survival. J Gastrointest Cancer 2022; 54:147-154. [PMID: 35112314 PMCID: PMC10182939 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Integrin subunit β4 (β4) has been proposed to play an important role in colon cancer progression through its involvement in hemidesmosome disassembly processes and tumor cell migration. However, the association between β4 expression and clinicopathological outcomes in colon cancer remains unclear. METHODS Expression of β4 was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a large cohort of 651 colon cancer patients, the largest colon cancer cohort so far. Chi-squared tests were used to study the association between β4 expression and clinicopathological features. Overall and disease-free survival were assessed by Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Loss of β4 expression was associated with local tumor invasion. Only 17.9% of the pT1 tumors displayed weak β4 expression level versus 28.1% of pT4 tumors, and 25.0% of the pT1 tumors had a high expression level versus 8.6% of the pT4 tumors (p = 0.012). No association between β4 expression and overall (p = 0.845) or disease-free survival (p = 0.767) was encountered, which disputes the role of β4 as a biomarker of malignant behavior in colon cancer. CONCLUSION Contradictory reports have suggested opposite roles for β4 expression in (colon) cancer progression. In the present large cohort of colon cancer patients, we found that β4 expression was not associated with worse clinical prognosis, but decreased with advanced pathological tumor stage. Future studies should establish whether loss of β4 expression promotes invasive characteristics of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rademaker
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands. .,Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Esther Bastiaannet
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Oosting
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje G Dekker-Ensink
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gerrit J Liefers
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
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Expression Analysis of Fibronectin Type III Domain-Containing (FNDC) Genes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:3784172. [PMID: 31093274 PMCID: PMC6481110 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3784172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fibronectin type III domain-containing (FNDC) proteins fulfill manifold functions in tissue development and regulation of cellular metabolism. FNDC4 was described as anti-inflammatory factor, upregulated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). FNDC signaling includes direct cell-cell interaction as well as release of bioactive peptides, like shown for FNDC4 or FNDC5. The G-protein-coupled receptor 116 (GPR116) was found as a putative FNDC4 receptor. We here aim to comprehensively analyze the mRNA expression of FNDC1, FNDC3A, FNDC3B, FNDC4, FNDC5, and GPR116 in nonaffected and affected mucosal samples of patients with IBD or colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Mucosa samples were obtained from 30 patients undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy or from surgical resection of IBD or CRC. Gene expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, FNDC expression data from publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets (GDS4296, GDS4515, and GDS5232) were analyzed. Results Basal mucosal expression revealed higher expression of FNDC3A and FNDC5 in the ileum compared to colonic segments. FNDC1 and FNDC4 were significantly upregulated in IBD. None of the investigated FNDCs was differentially expressed in CRC, just FNDC3A trended to be upregulated. The GEO data set analysis revealed significantly downregulated FNDC4 and upregulated GPR116 in microsatellite unstable (MSI) CRCs. The expression of FNDCs and GPR116 was independent of age and sex. Conclusions FNDC1 and FNDC4 may play a relevant role in the pathobiology of IBD, but none of the investigated FNDCs is regulated in CRC. GPR116 may be upregulated in advanced or MSI CRC. Further studies should validate the altered FNDC expression results on protein levels and examine the corresponding functional consequences.
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Slik K, Blom S, Turkki R, Välimäki K, Kurki S, Mustonen H, Haglund C, Carpén O, Kallioniemi O, Korkeila E, Sundström J, Pellinen T. Combined epithelial marker analysis of tumour budding in stage II colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2018; 5:63-78. [PMID: 30358171 PMCID: PMC6317060 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumour budding predicts survival of stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) and has been suggested to be associated with epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the underlying molecular changes of tumour budding remain poorly understood. Here, we performed multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) to phenotypically profile tumours using known EMT‐associated markers: E‐cadherin (adherence junctions), integrin β4 (ITGB4; basement membrane), ZO‐1 (tight junctions), and pan‐cytokeratin. A subpopulation of patients showed high ITGB4 expression in tumour buds, and this coincided with a switch of ITGB4 localisation from the basal membrane of intact epithelium to the cytoplasm of budding cells. Digital image analysis demonstrated that tumour budding with high ITGB4 expression in tissue microarray (TMA) cores correlated with tumour budding assessed from haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) whole sections and independently predicted poor disease‐specific survival in two independent stage II CRC cohorts (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.50–13.5), n = 232; HR = 3.52 (95% CI = 1.30–9.53), n = 72). Furthermore, digitally obtained ITGB4‐high bud count in random TMA cores was better associated with survival outcome than visual tumour bud count in corresponding H&E‐stained samples. In summary, the mIHC‐based phenotypic profiling of human tumour tissue shows strong potential for the molecular characterisation of tumour biology and for the discovery of novel prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Slik
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Misurata Cancer Center, Misurata, Libya.,Department of Basic Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, University of Misurata, Misurata, Libya
| | - Sami Blom
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku Turkki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katja Välimäki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samu Kurki
- Auria Biobank, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Mustonen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Carpén
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Auria Biobank, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Eija Korkeila
- Department of Oncology, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, Turku, Finland
| | - Jari Sundström
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Teijo Pellinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland
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Shadboorestan A, Tarfiei GA, Montazeri H, Sepand MR, Zangooei M, Khedri A, Ostad SN, Ghahremani MH. Invasion and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells are inhibited by block of AhR and NFAT: role of AhR/NFAT1/β4 integrin signaling. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:375-384. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shadboorestan
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Ghorban Ali Tarfiei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Hamed Montazeri
- School of Pharmacy-International Campus; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sepand
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Zangooei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Azam Khedri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Seyed Nasser Ostad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Toxicology and Poisoning Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Toxicology and Poisoning Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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