1
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She Y, Ge R, Gu X, Fang P, Zhang Z. Cardioprotective effects of neuropeptide galanin: Focusing on its roles against diabetic heart. Peptides 2023; 159:170918. [PMID: 36435275 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Following an unprecedented rise in the number of the aged, the incidence of age-related diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, is consequently increasing in the world. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with excess cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The diabetic heart is characterized by increased cardiomyocyte stiffness and fibrotic changes. Despite many factors resulting in cardiomyocyte injury and dysfunction in diabetes, insulin resistance is still a critical etiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Preclinical and clinical studies have revealed an intriguing role for galanin in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetic heart disease. A significant change in plasma galanin levels occurred in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes or cardiomyocyte injury. In turn, galanin may also distinctly mitigate hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in diabetes as well as increase glucose metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac muscle. Here, we critically review current data about the multivariate relationship among galanin, insulin resistance, and cardiac muscle to comprehensively evaluate the protective role of galanin and its receptors for the diabetic heart and to determine whether galanin receptor 2 agonists potentially represent a feasible way to treat diabetic cardiomyopathy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing She
- Department of Endocrinology, Pukou Branch of Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nanjing 211899, China
| | - Ran Ge
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine & Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuewen Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Penghua Fang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine & Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.
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2
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Serebryakova LI, Studneva IM, Veselova OM, Dobrokhotov IV, Konovalova GG, Timoshin AA, Abramov AA, Avdeev DV, Sidorova MV, Lankin VZ, Pisarenko OI. Anti-Ischemic and Antioxidant Activity of the Pharmacological Agonist of Galanin Receptor GalR2 and Carnosine in In Vitro and In Vivo Model Systems. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750822040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Sidorova MV, Palkeeva ME, Avdeev DV, Studneva IM, Serebryakova LI, Veselova OM, Dobrokhotov IV, Molokoedov AS, Pisarenko OI. Synthesis of the Antagonist of the GalR2 Galanin Receptor and Studies of Its Biological Activity in Ischemia and Reperfusion of the Rat Heart In Vivo. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022050223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Serebryakova LI, Studneva IM, Veselova OM, Dobrokhotov IV, Konovalova GG, Timoshin AA, Abramov AA, Avdeev DV, Sidorova MV, Lankin VZ, Pisarenko OI. [The anti-ischemic and antioxidant activity of the pharmacological agonist of galanin receptor GalR2 and carnosine in in vitro and in vivo model systems]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2022; 68:190-200. [PMID: 35717583 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226803190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant and anti-ischemic properties of the pharmacological agonist of galanin receptor GalR2 WTLNSAGYLLGPβAH (Gal) and its C-terminal fragment, dipeptide carnosine (βAH), were studied in the model of regional ischemia and reperfusion of the rat heart in vivo in the dose range of 0.5-5.0 mg/kg and Cu²⁺-induced free radical oxidation of low density lipoproteins (LDL) of human plasma in vitro for peptide concentrations of 0.01 mM and 0.1 mM. Gal was obtained by automatic solid phase synthesis using the Fmoc methodology; its structure was characterized by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Intravenous administration of the optimal dose of Gal (1 mg/kg) to rats after ischemia was more effective than carnosine in reducing of the myocardial infarct size and the activity of creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase in blood plasma at the end of reperfusion. It also improved the metabolic state of the reperfused myocardium and reduced the formation of peroxidation products during reperfusion. Gal reduced more effectively the formation of adducts of hydroxyl radicals in the interstitium of the area at risk (AAR) of the rat heart than carnosine. Carnosine at a dose of 1 mg/kg more effectively increased the activity of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the AAR by the end of reperfusion compared to Gal. In a model of Cu²⁺-initiated oxidation of human plasma LDL 0.1 mM carnosine demonstrated a significantly more pronounced reduction in the formation of lipid radicals compared to Gal. The results show that Gal can be considered as a promising agent that reduces myocardial injury during reperfusion and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I M Studneva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - O M Veselova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Dobrokhotov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - G G Konovalova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Timoshin
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Abramov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Avdeev
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Sidorova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Z Lankin
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - O I Pisarenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Exogenous Galanin Reduces Hyperglycemia and Myocardial Metabolic Disorders Induced by Streptozotocin in Rats. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Boal F, Cinato M, Timotin A, Münzberg H, Qualls-Creekmore E, Kramar S, Loi H, Roncalli J, Keita S, Tronchere H, Kunduzova O. Galanin Regulates Myocardial Mitochondrial ROS Homeostasis and Hypertrophic Remodeling Through GalR2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:869179. [PMID: 35431947 PMCID: PMC9011366 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.869179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory peptide galanin is broadly distributed in the central nervous systems and peripheral tissues where it modulates numerous physiological and pathological processes through binding to its three G-protein-coupled receptors, GalR1-3. However, the function and identity of the galaninergic system in the heart remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the expression of the galanin receptors in cardiac cells and tissues and found that GalR2 is the dominant receptor subtype in adult mouse hearts, cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cardiomyoblasts. In vivo, genetic suppression of GalR2 promotes cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress in the heart. In vitro, GalR2 silencing by siRNA abolished the beneficial effects of galanin on cell hypertrophy and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These findings unravel new insights into the role of galaninergic system in the heart and suggest novel therapeutic strategies in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Boal
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathieu Cinato
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Andrei Timotin
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Heike Münzberg
- Neurobiology of Nutrition and Metabolism Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, CA, United States
| | - Emily Qualls-Creekmore
- Neurobiology of Nutrition and Metabolism Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, CA, United States
| | - Solomiia Kramar
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Halyna Loi
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Jerome Roncalli
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.,Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Sokhna Keita
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Helene Tronchere
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Oksana Kunduzova
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
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7
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Studneva IM, Veselova OM, Dobrokhotov IV, Serebryakova LI, Palkeeva ME, Molokoedov AS, Azmuko AA, Ovchinnikov MV, Sidorova MV, Pisarenko OI. Chimeric Agonist of Galanin Receptor GALR2 Reduces Heart Damage in Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:346-355. [PMID: 35527373 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922040046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide galanin and its N-terminal fragments reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species and normalize metabolic and antioxidant states of myocardium in experimental cardiomyopathy and ischemia/reperfusion injury. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of WTLNSAGYLLGPβAH-OH (peptide G), a pharmacological agonist of the galanin receptor GalR2, on the cardiac injury induced by administration of streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Peptide G was prepared by solid phase peptide synthesis using the Fmoc strategy and purified by preparative HPLC; its structure was confirmed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Experimental animals were randomly distributed into five groups: C, control; S, STZ-treated; SG10, STZ + peptide G (10 nmol/kg/day); SG50, STZ + peptide G (50 nmol/kg/day); G, peptide G (50 nmol/kg/day). Administration of peptide G prevented hyperglycemia in SG50 rats. By the end of the experiment, the ATP content, total pool of adenine nucleotides, phosphocreatine (PCr) content, and PCr/ATP ratio in the myocardium of animals of the SG50 group were significantly higher than in rats of the S group. In the SG50 and SG10 groups, the content of lactate and lactate/pyruvate ratio in the myocardium were reduced, while the glucose content was increased vs. the S group. Both doses of peptide G reduced the activation of creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive products in the blood plasma of STZ-treated rats to the control values. Taken together, these results suggest that peptide G has cardioprotective properties in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Possible mechanisms of peptide G action in the STZ-induced diabetes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina M Studneva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Oksana M Veselova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | | | | | - Marina E Palkeeva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | | | - Andrey A Azmuko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | | | - Maria V Sidorova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Oleg I Pisarenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia.
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8
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Pisarenko OI, Studneva IM, Veselova OM. Modified N-Terminal Fragments of Galanin: Cardioprotective Properties and Mechanisms of Action. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1342-1351. [PMID: 34903156 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792110014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The design of new drugs for treatment of cardiovascular diseases based on endogenous peptide hormones is of undoubted interest and stimulates intensive experimental research. One of the approaches for development in this area is synthesis of the short bioactive peptides that mimic effects of the larger peptide molecules and have improved physicochemical characteristics. In recent years, it has been found that the N-terminal fragments of the neuropeptide galanin reduce metabolic and functional disorders in the experimental heart damage. The review presents literature data and generalized results of our own experiments on the effects of the full-size galanin and its chemically modified N-terminal fragments (2-11) and (2-15) on the heart in normal conditions and in modeling pathophysiological conditions in vitro and in vivo. It has been shown that the spectrum of the peptide actions on the damaged myocardium includes decrease in the necrotic death of cardiomyocytes, decrease in the damage of sarcolemma, improvement in the metabolic state of myocardium, decrease in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) products. Mechanisms of the protective action of the modified galanin fragments associated with activation of the GalR2 receptor subtype and manifestation of antioxidant properties are discussed. The data summarized in the review indicate that the molecular design of pharmacological agonists of the GalR2 receptor is a promising approach, because they can serve as a basis for the development of cardioprotectors influencing processes of free radical oxidation and metabolic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg I Pisarenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia.
| | - Irina M Studneva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Oxana M Veselova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
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9
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Novel Role of miR-18a-5p and Galanin in Rat Lung Ischemia Reperfusion-Mediated Response. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6621921. [PMID: 34497682 PMCID: PMC8420977 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6621921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung ischemia reperfusion (IR) is known to occur after lung transplantation or cardiac bypass. IR leads to tissue inflammation and damage and is also associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Various receptors are known to partake in activation of the innate immune system, but the downstream mechanism of tissue damage and inflammation is yet unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are in the forefront in regulating ischemia reperfusion injury and are involved in inflammatory response. Here, we have identified by high-throughput approach and evaluated a distinct set of miRNAs that may play a role in response to IR in rat lung tissue. The top three differentially expressed miRNAs were validated through quantitative PCRs in the IR rat lung model and an in vitro model of IR of hypoxia and reoxygenation exposed type II alveolar cells. Among the miRNAs, miR-18a-5p showed consistent downregulation in both the model systems on IR. Cellular and molecular analysis brought to light a crucial role of this miRNA in ischemia reperfusion. miR-18a-5p plays a role in IR-mediated apoptosis and ROS production and regulates the expression of neuropeptide Galanin. It also influences the nuclear localization of transcription factor: nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) which in turn may regulate the expression of the miR-18a gene. Thus, we have not only established a rat model for lung IR and enumerated the important miRNAs involved in IR but have also extensively characterized the role of miR-18a-5p. This study will have important clinical and therapeutic implications for and during transplantation procedures.
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10
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Pisarenko OI, Studneva IM, Serebryakova LI, Timoshin AA, Konovalova GG, Lankin VZ, Tihaze AK, Veselova OM, Dobrokhotov IV, Lyubimov RO, Sidorova MV, Palkeeva ME, Molokoedov AS. Antioxidant Properties of Galanin and Its N-Terminal Fragments in in vitro and in vivo Oxidative Stress Modeling. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:496-505. [PMID: 33941070 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant properties of rat galanin GWTLNSAGYLLGPHAIDNHRSFSDKHGLT-NH2 (Gal), N-terminal fragment of galanin (2-15 aa) WTLNSAGYLLGPHA (G1), and its modified analogue WTLNSAGYLLGPβAH (G2) were studied in vivo in the rat model of regional myocardial ischemia and reperfusion and in vitro in the process of Cu2+-induced free radical oxidation of human blood plasma low-density lipoproteins. Intravenous administration of G1, G2, and Gal to rats after ischemia induction reduced the infarction size and activities of the necrosis markers, creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase, in blood plasma at the end of reperfusion. G1, G2, and Gal reduced formation of the spin adducts of hydroxyl radicals in the interstitium of the area at risk during reperfusion, moreover, G2 and Gal also reduced formation of the secondary products of lipid peroxidation in the reperfused myocardium. It was shown in the in vivo experiments and in the in vitro model system that the ability of galanin peptides to reduce formation of ROS and attenuate lipid peroxidation during myocardial reperfusion injury was not associated directly with their effects on activities of the antioxidant enzymes of the heart: Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. The peptides G1, G2, and Gal at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 mM inhibited Cu2+-induced free radical oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins in vitro. The results of oxidative stress modeling demonstrated that the natural and synthetic agonists of galanin receptors reduced formation of the short-lived ROS in the reperfused myocardium, as well as of lipid radicals in blood plasma. Thus, galanin receptors could be a promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg I Pisarenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia.
| | - Irina M Studneva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Larisa I Serebryakova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Alexandr A Timoshin
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Galina G Konovalova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Vadim Z Lankin
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Alla K Tihaze
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Oksana M Veselova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Igor V Dobrokhotov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Roman O Lyubimov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Mariya V Sidorova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Marina E Palkeeva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Alexandr S Molokoedov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
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11
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Li J, Ding H, Li Y, Zhou H, Wang W, Mei Y, Zhang R. Alarin alleviated cardiac fibrosis via attenuating oxidative stress in heart failure rats. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1079-1089. [PMID: 34089389 PMCID: PMC8241797 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study was to explore whether alarin could alleviate heart failure (HF) and attenuate cardia fibrosis via inhibiting oxidative stress. The fibrosis of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) was induced by angiotensin (Ang) II. HF models were induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery to cause ischemia myocardial infarction (MI) in Sprague–Dawley rats. Alarin (1.0 nM/kg/d) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection for 28 days. The decreases of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), the maximum of the first differentiation of LV pressure (LV ± dp/dtmax) and LV systolic pressure (LVSP), and the increases of LV volume in systole (LVVS), LV volume in diastole (LVVD), LV end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) in MI rats were improved by alarin treatment. The increases in the expression levels of collagen I, collagen III, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were inhibited by alarin treatment in CFs and in the hearts of MI rats. The levels of NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity, superoxide anions and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased, and the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was reduced in Ang II-treated CFs, which were reversed by alarin. Nox1 overexpression reversed the effects of alarin on attenuating the increases of collagen I, collagen III and TGF-β expression levels induced by Ang II in CFs. These results indicated that alarin improved HF and cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting oxidative stress in HF rats. Nox1 played important roles in the regulation of alarin effects on attenuating CFs fibrosis induced by Ang II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshuang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Mei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ronglin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, 380 Huanghe South Road, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Galanin Peptides Alleviate Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species Formation. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Martinelli I, Timotin A, Moreno-Corchado P, Marsal D, Kramar S, Loy H, Joffre C, Boal F, Tronchere H, Kunduzova O. Galanin promotes autophagy and alleviates apoptosis in the hypertrophied heart through FoxO1 pathway. Redox Biol 2021; 40:101866. [PMID: 33493902 PMCID: PMC7823211 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are powerful regulators of multiple facets of cellular metabolism and homeostasis. Here, we uncover that galanin, a pleiotropic peptide, regulates cardiac autophagy and deactivates apoptotic cell death through the Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) pathway. In hypertrophied heart, galanin promotes autophagy and metabolic shift from fatty acid (FA) to glucose oxidation and preserves mitochondrial integrity. In cardiomyoblasts, galanin triggers autophagosome formation and alleviates hypertrophy, apoptotic cell death, and mitochondrial stress. Mechanistically, galanin dictates cell autophagic and anti-apoptotic phenotypes through FoxO1 pathway. Together, these findings uncover a previously unknown role for galanin in the regulation of cardiac autophagy and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms supporting cell survival in the hypertrophic reprogramming of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Martinelli
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Andrei Timotin
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Paula Moreno-Corchado
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Dimitri Marsal
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Solomiia Kramar
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Halina Loy
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Carine Joffre
- Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France; Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), 2 Avenue Hubert Curien, 31037, Toulouse, France
| | - Frederic Boal
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Helene Tronchere
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Oksana Kunduzova
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1048, 31432, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 31062, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France.
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Studneva IM, Veselova OM, Bahtin AA, Konovalova GG, Lankin VZ, Pisarenko OI. The Mechanisms of Cardiac Protection Using a Synthetic Agonist of Galanin Receptors during Chronic Administration of Doxorubicin. Acta Naturae 2020; 12:89-98. [PMID: 32477603 PMCID: PMC7245963 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.10945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) is limited by its cardiotoxic
effect. The aim of this work was to study the effect of a new synthetic agonist
of the galanin receptor GalR1-3 [βAla14, His15]-galanine (2–15) (G)
on the metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activity, and cardiac function in rats
with cardiomyopathy (CM) caused by chronic administration of Dox.
Coadministration of peptide G and Dox significantly increased the fractional
shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) by an average of 30 ± 4%
compared with the indices in the Dox group. The reduced severity of cardiac
dysfunction under the action of G was accompanied by a 2.5-fold decrease in the
activity of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in blood plasma. The protective
mechanism of the action of peptide G is caused by a reduced lipid peroxidation
(LP) that is due to the increased activity of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase
(Cu,Zn-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the damaged heart.
Administration of peptide G significantly increased the adenine nucleotide pool
(ΣAH), ATP content, and the levels of phosphocreatine (PCr) and total
creatine (ΣCr) in the damaged myocardium. It also reduced lactate
accumulation relative to its content in the Dox group. The better energy supply
of cardiomyocytes after treatment with peptide G prevented the accumulation of
cytotoxic ammonia and disruption in the metabolism of the key myocardial amino
acids (glutamic acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), and alanine (Ala)). Peptide G
significantly improved the morphological parameters of the heart in rats
treated with Dox. The results show promise in using peptide G to efficiently
correct functional, morphological, and metabolic damage to the heart caused by
anthracycline chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. M. Studneva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552 Russia
| | - O. M. Veselova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552 Russia
| | - A. A. Bahtin
- Research and Clinical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, 123182 Russia
| | - G. G. Konovalova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552 Russia
| | - V. Z. Lankin
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552 Russia
| | - O. I. Pisarenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552 Russia
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Palkeeva ME, Sidorova MV, Molokoedov AS, Ovchinnikov MV, Az’muko AA, Serebryakova LI, Veselova OM, Studneva IM, Pisarenko OI. Fragments of the Galanin Peptide and Their Synthetic Analogues with the Cardioprotective Effect. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Studneva I, Serebryakova L, Veselova O, Pal'keeva M, Molokoedov A, Ovchinnikov M, Konovalova G, Lankin V, Sidorova M, Pisarenko O. Galanin receptors activation modulates myocardial metabolic and antioxidant responses to ischaemia/reperfusion stress. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:1174-1182. [PMID: 31429479 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of protective action of the neuropeptide galanin and its N-terminal fragments against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remain obscure. The aim of this work was to study effects of a novel peptide agonist of galanin receptors [βAla14, His15]-galanin (2-15) (G1) and the full-length galanin (G2) on energy and antioxidant status of the heart with acute infarction. The peptides were synthesized by the automatic solid phase method using Fmoc technology. Their structure was identified by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Experiments were performed on anaesthetized open-chest rats subjected to myocardial regional ischaemia and reperfusion. Intravenous (iv) administration of optimal doses of peptides G1 and G2 (1.0 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively, at the onset of reperfusion significantly reduced infarct size (on average by 40% compared with control) and the plasma activity of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). These effects were associated with augmented preservation of aerobic energy metabolism, increased activity of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decreased lipid peroxidation in the area at risk (AAR) at the end of reperfusion. Peptide G1 showed more efficient recovery of the majority of metabolic and antioxidant parameters. The results provide evidence that the galaninergic system can be considered a promising target to reduce energy dysregulation and oxidative damage in myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Studneva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Oksana Veselova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Vadim Lankin
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Sidorova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Pisarenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
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Studneva IM, Palkeeva ME, Veselova OM, Molokoedov AS, Lubimov RO, Ovchinnikov MV, Sidorova MV, Pisarenko OI. [Protective action of a modified fragment of galanine in rats with doxorubicin-induced heart failure]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2019; 65:51-56. [PMID: 30816097 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20196501051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) is limited due to its cardiotoxic effect. Using the method of automatic solid-phase peptide synthesis, we obtained a synthetic agonist of galanin receptors GalR1-3 [RAla14, His15]-galanine (2-15) (G), exhibiting cardioprotective properties. It was purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The homogeneity and structure of the peptide was confirmed by HPLC, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of G on the metabolism and cardiac function of rats with chronic heart failure (CHF) caused by Dox. Experiments were performed using male Wistar rats weighing 280-300 g. The control group of animals (C) was intraperitoneally treated with saline for 8 weeks; the doxorubicin group (D) of rats was intraperitoneally treated with Doх; the group of Doх + peptide G (D+G) received intraperitoneally injections of Doх and subcutaneously injections of peptide G; the peptide G group (G) was subcutaneously treated with G. At the beginning and at the end of the study, the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the activity of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were determined in blood plasma; the animals were weighed, and cardiac function was assessed using echocardiography. At the end of the experiments, the hearts were used for determination of metabolites and assessment of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. After 8-week treatment, animals of group D were characterized by severe heart failure, the lack of weight gain and an increase in plasma TBARS concentration and CK-MB activity. These disorders were accompanied by a decrease in the content of myocardial high-energy phosphates, a reduction inmitochondrial respiratory parameters, accumulation of lactate and glucose in the heart, and disturbances in the metabolism of alanine and glutamic and aspartic acids. Coadministration of G and Dox prevented the increase in plasma CK-MB activity and significantly reduced the plasma TBARS concentration. At the end of the experiments animals of group D+G had higher myocardial energy state and the respiratory control index of mitochondria than animals of group D, there was a decrease in anaerobic glycolysis and no changes in the amino acid content compared to the control. The peptide G significantly improved the parameters of cardiac function and caused weight gain in animals of group D+G in comparison with these parameters in group D. The obtained results demonstrate the ability of a novel agonist of galanin receptors GalR1-3 to attenuate Dox-indiced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Studneva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M E Palkeeva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - O M Veselova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Molokoedov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - R O Lubimov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Ovchinnikov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Sidorova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - O I Pisarenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
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Protective Effects of a Novel Agonist of Galanin Receptors Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 19:136-146. [PMID: 30238355 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The clinical use of antineoplastic agent doxorubicin (DOX) is limited due to its cardiotoxic action. [βAla14, His15]-galanine (2-15) (G) is a novel synthetic agonist of galanin receptors GalR1-3 having cardioprotective properties in animal models in vivo. The aim of the present study was to explore effects of G on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Wistar rats were divided into four groups and treated with DOX (D group), DOX and G (D + G group), G (G group), and saline (control). Before treatment and at the end of the study, concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and activity of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were determined in blood plasma, the animals were weighed, and cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. At the end of experiments, the hearts were used to determine energy metabolites and mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized fibers. After an 8-week study, D group exhibited a pronounced cardiac failure, the absence of weight gain, an increased plasma TBARS concentration, and CK-MB activity. These disorders were accompanied by a reduced myocardial content of high-energy phosphates and mitochondrial respiratory parameters. Co-administration of G with DOX significantly decreased plasma TBARS level and prevented an increase in plasma CK-MB activity. In D + G group, myocardial contents of ATP, PCr, total adenine nucleotides, and total creatine as well as myocardial PCr/ATP ratio and the respiratory control index were higher than in D group at the end of the experiments. Peptide G significantly improved parameters of left ventricular (LV) function and caused weight gain in animals of D + G group. These results suggest that peptide G may be a potential pharmacological agent that attenuates the cardiotoxic effects of DOX.
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Zhang L, Wang W, Qiao QQ, Bu XS, Tang LH, Jia YF, Xia ZY, Meng QT. Dexmedetomidine preconditioning protects against lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [PMID: 30655009 PMCID: PMC9391882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives Dexmedetomidine has demonstrated protective effects against lung injury in vitro. Here, we investigated whether dexmedetomidine preconditioning protected against lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8): control group, hemorrhagic shock group, 5 ug.kg−1 dexmedetomidine (DEX1) group, and 10 ug.kg−1 dexmedetomidine (DEX2) group. Saline or dexmedetomidine were administered over 20 min. 30 min after injection, hemorrhage was initiated in the hemorrhagic shock, DEX1 and DEX2 group. Four hours after resuscitation, protein and cellular content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the lung histopathology were measured. The malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 were also tested in the lung tissue. Results Compare with hemorrhagic shock group, 5 ug.kg−1 dexmedetomidine pretreatment reduced the apoptosis (2.25 ± 0.24 vs. 4.12 ± 0.42%, p < 0.05), histological score (1.06 ± 0.12 vs. 1.68 ± 0.15, p < 0.05) and protein (1.92 ± 0.38 vs. 3.95 ± 0.42 mg.mL−1, p < 0.05) and WBC (0.42 ± 0.11 vs. 0.92 ± 0.13 × 109/L, p < 0.05) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Which is correlated with increased superoxide dismutase activity (8.35 ± 0.68 vs. 4.73 ± 0.44 U.mg−1 protein, p < 0.05) and decreased malondialdehyde (2.18 ± 0.19 vs. 3.28 ± 0.27 nmoL.mg−1 protein, p < 0.05). Dexmedetomidine preconditioning also increased the Bcl-2 level (0.55 ± 0.04 vs. 0.34 ± 0.05, p < 0.05) and decreased the level of Bax (0.46 ± 0.03 vs. 0.68 ± 0.04, p < 0.05), caspase-3 (0.49 ± 0.03 vs. 0.69 ± 0.04, p < 0.05). However, we did not observe any difference between the DEX1 and DEX2 groups for these (p > 0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine preconditioning has a protective effect against lung injury caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats. The potential mechanisms involved are the inhibition of cell death and improvement of antioxidation. But did not show a dose-dependent effect.
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Zhang L, Wang W, Qiao QQ, Bu XS, Tang LH, Jia YF, Xia ZY, Meng QT. [Dexmedetomidine preconditioning protects against lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats]. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2019; 69:160-167. [PMID: 30655009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjan.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dexmedetomidine has demonstrated protective effects against lung injury in vitro. Here, we investigated whether dexmedetomidine preconditioning protected against lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8): control group, hemorrhagic shock group, 5ug.kg-1 dexmedetomidine (DEX1) group, and 10ug.kg-1 dexmedetomidine (DEX2) group. Saline or dexmedetomidine were administered over 20min. 30min after injection, hemorrhage was initiated in the hemorrhagic shock, DEX1 and DEX2 group. Four hours after resuscitation, protein and cellular content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the lung histopathology were measured. The malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 were also tested in the lung tissue. RESULTS Compare with hemorrhagic shock group, 5ug.kg-1 dexmedetomidine pretreatment reduced the apoptosis (2.25±0.24 vs. 4.12±0.42%, p<0.05), histological score (1.06±0.12 vs. 1.68±0.15, p<0.05) and protein (1.92±0.38 vs. 3.95±0.42mg.mL-1, p<0.05) and WBC (0.42±0.11 vs. 0.92±0.13×109/L, p<0.05) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Which is correlated with increased superoxide dismutase activity (8.35±0.68 vs. 4.73±0.44U.mg-1 protein, p<0.05) and decreased malondialdehyde (2.18±0.19 vs. 3.28±0.27nmoL.mg-1 protein, p<0.05). Dexmedetomidine preconditioning also increased the Bcl-2 level (0.55±0.04 vs. 0.34±0.05, p<0.05) and decreased the level of Bax (0.46±0.03 vs. 0.68±0.04, p<0.05), caspase-3 (0.49±0.03 vs. 0.69±0.04, p<0.05). However, we did not observe any difference between the DEX1 and DEX2 groups for these (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine preconditioning has a protective effect against lung injury caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats. The potential mechanisms involved are the inhibition of cell death and improvement of antioxidation. But did not show a dose-dependent effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian-Qian Qiao
- Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Shan Bu
- Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling-Hua Tang
- Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Fan Jia
- Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Xia
- Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qing-Tao Meng
- Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan, China; Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China.
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Serebryakova L, Pal'keeva M, Studneva I, Molokoedov A, Veselova O, Ovchinnikov M, Gataulin R, Sidorova M, Pisarenko O. Galanin and its N-terminal fragments reduce acute myocardial infarction in rats. Peptides 2019; 111:127-131. [PMID: 29730241 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Agonists and antagonists for galanin receptor subtypes GalR1-3 can be used as putative therapeutics targets for the treatment of various human diseases. However, effects of galanin and its N-terminal fragments on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury remain unclear. This study was designed to assess the ability of the full-length galanin (GWTLNSAGYLLGPHAIDNHRSFSDKHGLT-NH2, G1), the natural fragments WTLNSAGYLL-NH2 (G2) and WTLNSAGYLLGPHA (G3), and their modified analogs WTLNAAGYLL (G4) and WTLNSAGYLLGPβAH (G5) to limit acute myocardial infarction in rats in vivo. The peptides G2-5 were synthesized by the automatic solid phase method using Fmoc technology, purified by preparative HPLC and identified by 1H NMR spectroscopy and MALDI -TOF mass spectrometry. The peptides G1-5 were administered by i.v. bolus injection at the onset of reperfusion at doses of 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 mg/kg. The optimal doses of the peptides G1-5 significantly reduced the infarction area and decreased the activity of CK-MB and LDH in blood plasma at the end of reperfusion compared with the control. Among the peptides studied, G5 showed high efficacy in reducing the infarct size and the activity of necrosis markers in blood plasma with no significant effect on hemodynamic parameters. The results suggest that a novel agonist for galanin receptors G5 may be a promising tool for the treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Further studies are warranted to explore the stability of this peptide in blood plasma and mechanisms that contribute to its cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Serebryakova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
| | - Marina Pal'keeva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
| | - Irina Studneva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander Molokoedov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
| | - Oksana Veselova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
| | - Michael Ovchinnikov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
| | - Radik Gataulin
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
| | - Maria Sidorova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
| | - Oleg Pisarenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552, Moscow, 3rd Cherepkovskaya Str., 15A, Russian Federation.
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Galanin/GalR1-3 system: A promising therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1556-1562. [PMID: 30551408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
N-terminal fragments of galanin (2-11) and (2-15) are critical for binding to GalR1-3 receptors, members of the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily, and are involved in myocardial protection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study was designed to synthesize novel GalR1-3 agonists with improved properties and evaluate their efficiency as cardioprotective agents. Peptide agonists were synthesized by the automatic solid phase method using Fmoc technology and purified by preparative HPLC. Their chemical structure was identified by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Novel ligands of galanin receptors have greater solubility in water than natural galanin fragments. Cardiac function indices, myocardial infarct size and plasma activity of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured to assess the peptide bioactivity. Infusion of optimal concentrations of the peptides (210-240 μM) after global ischemia enhanced functional recovery of isolated rat heart during reperfusion. Intravenous administration of the peptides in a dose range of 1-2 mg/kg at the onset of reperfusion significantly reduced infarct size and plasma levels of CK-MB and LDH in rats in vivo. The chimeric ligand [βAla14, His15]-galanin (2-15) exhibited the most beneficial effect on both models of I/R injury. The results suggest that pharmacological agonists of GalR1-3 receptors can be a rational basis for drug developments in the field of cardiovascular diseases.
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