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Fernandes CJDC, Cassiano AFB, Henrique-Silva F, Cirelli JA, de Souza EP, Coaguila-Llerena H, Zambuzzi WF, Faria G. Recombinant sugarcane cystatin CaneCPI-5 promotes osteogenic differentiation. Tissue Cell 2023; 83:102157. [PMID: 37451011 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine proteases orchestrate bone remodeling, and are inhibited by cystatins. In reinforcing our hypothesis that exogenous and naturally obtained inhibitors of cysteine proteases (cystatins) act on bone remodeling, we decided to challenge osteoblasts with sugarcane-derived cystatin (CaneCPI-5) for up to 7 days. To this end, we investigated molecular issues related to the decisive, preliminary stages of osteoblast biology, such as adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Our data showed that CaneCPI-5 negatively modulates both cofilin phosphorylation at Ser03, and the increase in cytoskeleton remodeling during the adhesion mechanism, possibly as a prerequisite to controlling cell proliferation and migration. This is mainly because CaneCPI-5 also caused the overexpression of the CDK2 gene, and greater migration of osteoblasts. Extracellular matrix remodeling was also evaluated in this study by investigating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities. Our data showed that CaneCPI-5 overstimulates both MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities, and suggested that this cellular event could be related to osteoblast differentiation. Additionally, differentiation mechanisms were better evaluated by investigating Osterix and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) genes, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling members. Altogether, our data showed that CaneCPI-5 can trigger biological mechanisms related to osteoblast differentiation, and broaden the perspectives for better exploring biotechnological approaches for bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célio Junior da Costa Fernandes
- Bioassays and Cell Dynamics Lab, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Exercise Cell Biology Lab, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Balestrero Cassiano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Henrique-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joni Augusto Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University -UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pereira de Souza
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernán Coaguila-Llerena
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian Fernando Zambuzzi
- Bioassays and Cell Dynamics Lab, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gisele Faria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Wong TL, Loh JJ, Lu S, Yan HHN, Siu HC, Xi R, Chan D, Kam MJF, Zhou L, Tong M, Copland JA, Chen L, Yun JP, Leung SY, Ma S. ADAR1-mediated RNA editing of SCD1 drives drug resistance and self-renewal in gastric cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2861. [PMID: 37208334 PMCID: PMC10199093 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Targetable drivers governing 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (5FU + CDDP) resistance remain elusive due to the paucity of physiologically and therapeutically relevant models. Here, we establish 5FU + CDDP resistant intestinal subtype GC patient-derived organoid lines. JAK/STAT signaling and its downstream, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1), are shown to be concomitantly upregulated in the resistant lines. ADAR1 confers chemoresistance and self-renewal in an RNA editing-dependent manner. WES coupled with RNA-seq identify enrichment of hyper-edited lipid metabolism genes in the resistant lines. Mechanistically, ADAR1-mediated A-to-I editing on 3'UTR of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) increases binding of KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated 1 (KHDRBS1), thereby augmenting SCD1 mRNA stability. Consequently, SCD1 facilitates lipid droplet formation to alleviate chemotherapy-induced ER stress and enhances self-renewal through increasing β-catenin expression. Pharmacological inhibition of SCD1 abrogates chemoresistance and tumor-initiating cell frequency. Clinically, high proteomic level of ADAR1 and SCD1, or high SCD1 editing/ADAR1 mRNA signature score predicts a worse prognosis. Together, we unveil a potential target to circumvent chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Lok Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Jian Loh
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shixun Lu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Helen H N Yan
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi Cheong Siu
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ren Xi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dessy Chan
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Max J F Kam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Man Tong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - John A Copland
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Leilei Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Suet Yi Leung
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- The Jockey Club Centre for Clinical Innovation and Discovery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Canar J, Darling K, Dadey R, Gamero AM. The duality of STAT2 mediated type I interferon signaling in the tumor microenvironment and chemoresistance. Cytokine 2023; 161:156081. [PMID: 36327541 PMCID: PMC9720715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment consists of tumor cells, extracellular matrix, blood vessels, and non-tumor cells such as fibroblasts and immune cells. Crosstalk among components of this cellular ecosystem can transform non-malignant cells and promote tumor invasion and metastasis. Evidence is accumulating that the transcription factor STAT2, a downstream effector of type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling, can either inhibit or promote tumorigenesis depending on the unique environment presented by each type of cancer. STAT2 has long been associated with the canonical JAK/STAT pathway involved in various biological processes including reshaping of the tumor microenvironment and in antitumor immunity. This dichotomous tendency of STAT2 to both inhibit and worsen tumor formation makes the protein a curious, and yet relatively ill-defined player in many cancer pathways involving IFN-I. In this review, we discuss the role of STAT2 in contributing to either a tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic microenvironment as well as chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Canar
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kennedy Darling
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ryan Dadey
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ana M Gamero
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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La Manna S, De Benedictis I, Marasco D. Proteomimetics of Natural Regulators of JAK-STAT Pathway: Novel Therapeutic Perspectives. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:792546. [PMID: 35047557 PMCID: PMC8762217 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.792546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The JAK-STAT pathway is a crucial cellular signaling cascade, including an intricate network of Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) responsible for its regulation. It mediates the activities of several cytokines, interferons, and growth factors and transduces extracellular signals into transcriptional programs to regulate cell growth and differentiation. It is essential for the development and function of both innate and adaptive immunities, and its aberrant deregulation was highlighted in neuroinflammatory diseases and in crucial mechanisms for tumor cell recognition and tumor-induced immune escape. For its involvement in a multitude of biological processes, it can be considered a valuable target for the development of drugs even if a specific focus on possible side effects associated with its inhibition is required. Herein, we review the possibilities to target JAK-STAT by focusing on its natural inhibitors as the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins. This protein family is a crucial checkpoint inhibitor in immune homeostasis and a valuable target in immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer and immune deficiency disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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Zahra MH, Nawara HM, Hassan G, Afify SM, Seno A, Seno M. Cancer Stem Cells Contribute to Drug Resistance in Multiple Different Ways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1393:125-139. [PMID: 36587305 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12974-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Many tumors are resistant to conventional cancer therapies because a tumor is composed of heterogeneous cell population. Especially, subpopulation of cancer stem cells, which have self-renewal and differentiation properties and responsible for the tumor initiation, is generally considered resistant to chemo-, radio-, and immune therapy. Understanding the mechanism of drug resistance in cancer stem cells should lead to establish more effective therapeutic strategies. Actually, different molecular mechanisms are conceivable for cancer stem cells acquiring drug resistance. These mechanisms include not only cytoplasmic signaling pathways but also the intercellular communications in the tumor microenvironment. Recently, a great deal of successful reports challenged to elucidate the mechanisms of drug resistance and to develop novel treatments targeting cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram H Zahra
- Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Hend M Nawara
- Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Ghmkin Hassan
- Department of Genomic Oncology and Oral Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Said M Afify
- Division of Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El Koum-Menoufia, Shebeen El-Kom, 32511, Egypt
| | - Akimasa Seno
- Laboratory of Natural Food & Medicine, Co., Ltd, Okayama University Incubator, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masaharu Seno
- Laboratory of Natural Food & Medicine, Co., Ltd, Okayama University Incubator, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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Chen H, Zhang M, Wang Z, Li L, Li Q, Wang H. The Effect of p53-R249S on the Suppression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Survival Induced by Podophyllum Derivatives. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:865-874. [PMID: 32067620 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200218110047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality with over half a million new cases diagnosed annually in the world, accounts for nearly 70% of cancer deaths in parts of Asia and Africa. Podophyllum, one of the important members of the lignane class of natural products derived from plants in Podophyllum peltatum L., has been shown to suppress tumor growth in various cancers. However, the effects of Podophyllum compounds on HCC and the mechanisms for its tumor-suppressive function remain unknown. METHODS A molecular docking study was employed to the analysis of the interaction between compounds and their targeted proteins. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate protein expression. qRT-PCR was performed to assess RNA expression. RESULTS Molecular docking analysis was consistent with the beneficial effect of fluorine atom substituent in the 3-position of 2-aminopyridine in our previous study. Also, P-3F and D-3F displayed the most potent cytotoxicities against PLC/PRF/5 with p53-R249S and weakest inhibition of L02 (normal liver cell) growth. However, these derivatives had no effect on the suppression of HepG2 (wild-type p53) and Hep3B (p53-null) proliferation significantly. Further study showed that both compounds increase γ-H2AX expression in PLC/PRF/5 cell, along with repression of the c-Myc activation, purportedly by induction of p53 level and transcriptional activation. CONCLUSION The results suggested that podophyllum derivatives containing fluorine atom in the 3-position of 2- aminopyridine could inhibit the growth of HCC harboring p53-R249S by restoring the activity of p53 with decreasing the level of c-Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziping Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lingqi Li
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huai Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Nabil G, Alzhrani R, Alsaab HO, Atef M, Sau S, Iyer AK, Banna HE. CD44 Targeted Nanomaterials for Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040898. [PMID: 33672756 PMCID: PMC7924562 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Identified as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among American women after lung cancer, breast cancer of all types has been the focus of numerous research studies. Even though triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents 15-20% of the number of breast cancer cases worldwide, its existing therapeutic options are fairly limited. Due to the pivotal role of the presence/absence of specific receptors to luminal A, luminal B, HER-2+, and TNBC in the molecular classification of breast cancer, the lack of these receptors has accounted for the aforementioned limitation. Thereupon, in an attempt to participate in the ongoing research endeavors to overcome such a limitation, the conducted study adopts a combination strategy as a therapeutic paradigm for TNBC, which has proven notable results with respect to both: improving patient outcomes and survivability rates. The study hinges upon an investigation of a promising NPs platform for CD44 mediated theranostic that can be combined with JAK/STAT inhibitors for the treatment of TNBC. The ability of momelotinib (MMB), which is a JAK/STAT inhibitor, to sensitize the TNBC to apoptosis inducer (CFM-4.16) has been evaluated in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468. MMB + CFM-4.16 combination with a combination index (CI) ≤0.5, has been selected for in vitro and in vivo studies. MMB has been combined with CD44 directed polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) loaded with CFM-4.16, namely CD44-T-PNPs, which selectively delivered the payload to CD44 overexpressing TNBC with a significant decrease in cell viability associated with a high dose reduction index (DRI). The mechanism underlying their synergism is based on the simultaneous downregulation of P-STAT3 and the up-regulation of CARP-1, which has induced ROS-dependent apoptosis leading to caspase 3/7 elevation, cell shrinkage, DNA damage, and suppressed migration. CD44-T-PNPs showed a remarkable cellular internalization, demonstrated by uptake of a Rhodamine B dye in vitro and S0456 (NIR dye) in vivo. S0456 was conjugated to PNPs to form CD44-T-PNPs/S0456 that simultaneously delivered CFM-4.16 and S0456 parenterally with selective tumor targeting, prolonged circulation, minimized off-target distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Nabil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt; (G.N.); (M.A.)
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.A.); (H.O.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Rami Alzhrani
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.A.); (H.O.A.); (S.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Egypt
| | - Hashem O. Alsaab
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.A.); (H.O.A.); (S.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Atef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt; (G.N.); (M.A.)
| | - Samaresh Sau
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.A.); (H.O.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Arun K. Iyer
- Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (R.A.); (H.O.A.); (S.S.)
- Molecular Imaging Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Correspondence: (A.K.I.); (H.E.B.); Tel.: +1-3135775875 (A.K.I.); +2-01004552557 (H.E.B.)
| | - Hossny El Banna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt; (G.N.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.I.); (H.E.B.); Tel.: +1-3135775875 (A.K.I.); +2-01004552557 (H.E.B.)
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Abstract
Therapy resistance is a major problem when treating cancer patients as cancer cells develop mechanisms that counteract the effect of therapeutic compounds, leading to fit and more aggressive clones that contribute to poor prognosis. Therapy resistance can be both intrinsic and/or acquired. These are multifactorial events, and some are related to factors including adaptations in cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), deregulation of key signaling pathways, drug efflux through ABC transporters, acquired mutations, evading apoptosis, and activation of DNA damage response among others. Among these factors, CSCs represent the major source of therapy resistance. CSCs are a subset of tumor cells that are capable of self-renewal and multilineage progenitor expansion that are known to be intrinsically resistant to anticancer treatments. Multiple clones of CSCs pre-exist, and some can adopt and expand easily to changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and/or in response to radio- and chemotherapy. A combination of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributes to CSC-mediated therapy resistance. In this review, we will focus on CSCs and therapy resistance as well as suggest strategies to eliminate CSCs and, therefore, overcome resistance. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009 USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jaffer A. Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009 USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009 USA
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Hermawan A, Putri H, Utomo RY. Comprehensive bioinformatics study reveals targets and molecular mechanism of hesperetin in overcoming breast cancer chemoresistance. Mol Divers 2019; 24:933-947. [PMID: 31659695 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-10003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of chemotherapy in breast cancer treatment can be increased using a combinatorial agent. Hesperetin has been reported to increase the sensitivity of doxorubicin in breast cancer cells; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. This present study was conducted to identify the potential target and molecular mechanism of hesperetin in circumventing breast cancer chemoresistance using a bioinformatics approach. Microarray data obtained after hesperetin treatment in the NCI-60 cell line panel collection were retrieved from the COMPARE public library. These data were then compared with the list of the regulatory genes of breast cancer resistance obtained from PubMed and further analyzed for gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment, as well as protein-protein interaction network. A Venn diagram of COMPARE microarray data and the gene list from PubMed generated 56 genes (potential therapeutic target genes/PTTGs). These PTTGs participate in the biological process of the JAK-STAT cascade and are located in the nucleus, exert a molecular function in protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and regulate the erbB signaling pathway. Drug association analysis demonstrated that both hesperetin and the erbB receptor inhibitors, i.e., monoclonal antibody and tyrosine kinase inhibitor, target the same mRNA expression. Furthermore, results of the molecular docking study revealed that hesperetin is a promising inhibitor that targets ABL1, DNMT3B, and MLH1 due to the similarity of binding properties with its native ligand. In conclusion, the possible pathways and the regulatory genes identified in this study may offer new insights into the mechanism by which hesperetin overcomes breast cancer chemoresistance. A combinatorial therapy with hesperetin targeting ABL1, DNMT3B, and MLH1 may be effective in circumventing chemoresistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hermawan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Herwandhani Putri
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Rohmad Yudi Utomo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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Nedeljković M, Damjanović A. Mechanisms of Chemotherapy Resistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer-How We Can Rise to the Challenge. Cells 2019; 8:E957. [PMID: 31443516 PMCID: PMC6770896 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer owing to high heterogeneity, aggressive nature, and lack of treatment options. Chemotherapy remains the standard of care for TNBC treatment, but unfortunately, patients frequently develop resistance. Accordingly, in recent years, tremendous effort has been made into elucidating the mechanisms of TNBC chemoresistance with the goal of identifying new molecular targets. It has become evident that the development of TNBC chemoresistance is multifaceted and based on the elaborate interplay of the tumor microenvironment, drug efflux, cancer stem cells, and bulk tumor cells. Alterations of multiple signaling pathways govern these interactions. Moreover, TNBC's high heterogeneity, highlighted in the existence of several molecular signatures, presents a significant obstacle to successful treatment. In the present, in-depth review, we explore the contribution of key mechanisms to TNBC chemoresistance as well as emerging strategies to overcome them. We discuss novel anti-tumor agents that target the components of these mechanisms and pay special attention to their current clinical development while emphasizing the challenges still ahead of successful TNBC management. The evidence presented in this review outlines the role of crucial pathways in TNBC survival following chemotherapy treatment and highlights the importance of using combinatorial drug strategies and incorporating biomarkers in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Nedeljković
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ana Damjanović
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Zhou X, Ouyang S, Li J, Huang X, Ai X, Zeng Y, Lv Y, Cai M. The novel non-immunological role and underlying mechanisms of B7-H3 in tumorigenesis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21785-21795. [PMID: 31222741 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) has been proven to be involved in tumorigenesis. An elucidation of its role and underlying mechanisms is essential to an understanding of tumorigenesis and the development of effective clinical applications. B7-H3 is abnormally overexpressed in many types of cancer and is generally associated with a poor clinical prognosis. B7-H3 inhibits the initiation of the "caspase cascade" by the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway to resist tumor cell apoptosis. B7-H3 accelerates malignant proliferation by attacking the checkpoint mechanism of the tumor cell cycle through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B pathway. B7-H3 reprograms the metabolism of glucose and lipids and transforms the metabolic flux of tumor cells to promote tumorigenesis. B7-H3 induces abnormal angiogenesis by recruiting vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase to tumor lesions. B7-H3 strongly promotes tumorigenesis through antiapoptotic, pro-proliferation, metabolism reprogramming, and pro-angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqi Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy of the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuhui Ouyang
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Urology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Division of Gynecological Oncology, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaohong Ai
- Department of Radiotherapy of the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yixin Zeng
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, China
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Manbo Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy of the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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12
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Chua PJ, Lim JP, Guo TT, Khanna P, Hu Q, Bay BH, Baeg GH. Y-box binding protein-1 and STAT3 independently regulate ATP-binding cassette transporters in the chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2579-2589. [PMID: 30221675 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) facilitates cancer chemoresistance through the upregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters associated with multidrug resistance, which is one of the primary obstacles in cancer treatment. Since aberrant Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling is also implicated in chemoresistance in numerous human malignancies, the interaction between YB-1 and JAK/STAT signaling was explored underlying the chemoresistance of NUGC3 gastric cancer cells. It was demonstrated that YB-1 translocated into the nuclei of NUGC3 cells exposed to doxorubicin hydrochloride, suggesting its important role in chemoresistance. Consistently, knockdown of YB-1 significantly decreased the chemoresistance of cells to doxorubicin hydrochloride and epirubicin hydrochloride, as evidenced by a decrease in cell viability. Notably, JAK inhibitor AG490 treatment further decreased the cell viability caused by YB-1 inhibition and doxorubicin hydrochloride. It was also observed that YB-1 transcriptionally regulated the ABCC3 transporter, whereas STAT3 modulated ABCC2 transporter levels. These findings suggest that YB-1 and STAT3 act together to facilitate chemoresistance via modulating the expression of different ABC transporters in NUGC3 cells. Notably, siYB-1 did not exhibit any significant effect on STAT3 expression. Similarly, siSTAT3 failed to alter YB-1 expression, suggesting that the two may not regulate each other in a mutual manner. However, double knockdown of YB-1 and STAT3 led to a synergistic inhibition of cell invasion in NUGC3 cells. Nonetheless, the combined treatment of YB-1 antagonists with STAT3 inhibitors may serve as an effective therapy in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Jou Chua
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Jia Pei Lim
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Tian Tian Guo
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Puja Khanna
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Qidong Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Gyeong Hun Baeg
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
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13
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Shi Q, Shen LY, Dong B, Fu H, Kang XZ, Yang YB, Dai L, Yan WP, Xiong HC, Liang Z, Chen KN. The identification of the ATR inhibitor VE-822 as a therapeutic strategy for enhancing cisplatin chemosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2018; 432:56-68. [PMID: 29890208 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inducing DNA damage is known to be one of the mechanisms of cytotoxic chemotherapy agents for cancer such as cisplatin. The endogenous DNA damage response confers chemoresistance to these agents by repairing DNA damage. The initiation and transduction of the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling pathway, which is dependent on the activation of ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related), is essential for DNA damage repair, the maintenance of genomic stability and cell survival. Therefore, ATM or ATR inhibition is considered as a promising strategy for sensitizing cancer cells to chemotherapy. This study is aimed to explore the effect of ATR inhibitor on sensitizing ESCC (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) cells to cisplatin, and whether ATM deficiency could impact the sensitization. We found that 21.5% of ESCC cases had ATM deficiency and that patients with ATR activation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had worse chemotherapy response and poorer overall survival than that without ATR activation (32 mons vs. >140mons). Then, it was shown that VE-822 inhibited ATR-CHK1 pathway activation, leading to the accumulation of cisplatin-modified DNA. And it inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and enhanced cell apoptosis. Moreover, VE-822 significantly sensitized ESCC cells to cisplatin, and these two drugs had synergistic effects, especially in ATM-deficient cells, in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that ATR inhibition combining with cisplatin is a new strategy for managing patients with ESCC, especially those with ATM-deficiency. However, this is an idea that requires further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Yan Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zheng Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Bo Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Pu Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Chao Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Neng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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