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Dhupar R, Powers AA, Eisenberg SH, Gemmill RM, Bardawil CE, Udoh HM, Cubitt A, Nangle LA, Soloff AC. Orchestrating Resilience: How Neuropilin-2 and Macrophages Contribute to Cardiothoracic Disease. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1446. [PMID: 38592275 PMCID: PMC10934188 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunity has evolved to balance the destructive nature of inflammation with wound healing to overcome trauma, infection, environmental insults, and rogue malignant cells. The inflammatory response is marked by overlapping phases of initiation, resolution, and post-resolution remodeling. However, the disruption of these events can lead to prolonged tissue damage and organ dysfunction, resulting long-term disease states. Macrophages are the archetypic phagocytes present within all tissues and are important contributors to these processes. Pleiotropic and highly plastic in their responses, macrophages support tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration, all while balancing immunologic self-tolerance with the clearance of noxious stimuli, pathogens, and malignant threats. Neuropilin-2 (Nrp2), a promiscuous co-receptor for growth factors, semaphorins, and integrins, has increasingly been recognized for its unique role in tissue homeostasis and immune regulation. Notably, recent studies have begun to elucidate the role of Nrp2 in both non-hematopoietic cells and macrophages with cardiothoracic disease. Herein, we describe the unique role of Nrp2 in diseases of the heart and lung, with an emphasis on Nrp2 in macrophages, and explore the potential to target Nrp2 as a therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Dhupar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Surgical and Research Services, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - Amy A. Powers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Seth H. Eisenberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Robert M. Gemmill
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Charles E. Bardawil
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Hannah M. Udoh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Andrea Cubitt
- aTyr Pharma, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (A.C.); (L.A.N.)
| | | | - Adam C. Soloff
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Surgical and Research Services, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
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Li S, Chen T. Colorectal Carcinoma Growth Inhibition by Dietary Care Combined with Probiotic Intervention through Targeting NRP2 Expression. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2021; 500:354-359. [PMID: 34697743 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672921050161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of probiotics on inhibition of colorectal tumor growth in vivo and as anti-proliferative agent in vitro. Viability changes were measured by MTT assay whereas protein expression was assessed using western blotting. The study demonstrated that tumor growth was delayed significantly (P < 0.05) in probiotic administered mice from 2nd week compared to the control group. The difference in body weight of the mice in probiotic administered, 5-fluorouracil treated and untreated groups of the mice showed no significant differences during 5-weeks of the study. In probiotic administered mice the expression of miR-331-3p was significantly promoted and that of NRP2 effectively alleviated. Probiotic administration of the mice led to a significant (P < 0.05) increase in p53 and p-c-Jun expression and reduction in Bcl-2 level. Probiotic treatment of SW480 and HCT116 cells led to a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in viability after 48 h compared to the control cells. However, no changes were observed in FHC cell viability after 48 h of treatment with probiotics. The expression of miR-331-3p in SW480 and HCT116 cells was significantly promoted on treatment with probiotics after 48 h. Additionally, probiotic treatment for 48 h led to a remarkable reduction in NRP2 expression in SW480 and HCT116 cells. Thus, probiotic administration inhibited colorectal tumor growth in vivo in mice possibly by upregulation of miR-331-3p expression and down-regulation of NRP2 level. Therefore, probiotics may be used for the treatment of colorectal cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Xie Z, Li T, Huang B, Liu S, Zhang L, Zhang Q. Semaphorin 3F Serves as a Tumor Suppressor in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and is Associated With Lymph Node Metastasis in Disease Progression. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 19:1533033820928117. [PMID: 32441221 PMCID: PMC7249561 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820928117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the leading aggressive malignancies with
high mortality. Semaphorin 3F has been reported to be involved in lymphangiogenesis by
interacting the vascular endothelial growth factor C/neuropilin 2 axis. This study aimed
to assess the clinical and functional role of semaphorin 3F and preliminarily evaluate
the relationship between semaphorin 3F and lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous
cell carcinoma. Methods: The messenger RNA expression of semaphorin 3F was analyzed using quantitative real-time
polymerase chain reaction. The expression differences of semaphorin 3F between patients
having esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with and without lymph node metastasis were
assessed, and the correlation of semaphorin 3F with vascular endothelial growth factor C
and neuropilin 2 was estimated. The prognostic value of semaphorin 3F was evaluated
using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis. Gain- and
loss-functional cell experiments were performed to explore the biological function of
semaphorin 3F, vascular endothelial growth factor C, and neuropilin 2. Results: The messenger RNA expression of semaphorin 3F was reduced in esophageal squamous cell
carcinoma tissues compared with normal tissues, and lower semaphorin 3F expression was
observed in patients having esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with positive lymph node
metastasis. Semaphorin 3F expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and
negatively correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor C and neuropilin 2. Lower
semaphorin 3F expression was related to a poor overall survival of esophageal squamous
cell carcinoma and served as an independent prognostic indicator. In esophageal squamous
cell carcinoma cells, semaphorin 3F messenger RNA expression was also decreased compared
with normal cells, and the overexpression of semaphorin 3F could significantly inhibit
cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The downregulation of vascular endothelial
growth factor C and neuropilin 2 could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and
invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Conclusion: All data indicate that semaphorin 3F serves as a potential prognostic biomarker and
tumor suppressor of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and may be involved in the lymph
node metastasis development through regulating neuropilin 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Tianyue Li
- Department of Medical Examination, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Bingtao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Lianguo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Qingguang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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Zhang H, Wang R, Wang M. miR-331-3p suppresses cell invasion and migration in colorectal carcinoma by directly targeting NRP2. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6501-6508. [PMID: 31807170 PMCID: PMC6876315 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common tumor of the digestive system with poor prognosis. Studies have shown that aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression can affect CRC progression by regulating target genes. In the present study, we investigated the functional roles and potential mechanisms of miR-331-3p in CRC. The expression of miR-331-3p and neuropilin-2 (NRP2) in CRC was detected by RT-qPCR. Then, Transwell assays were conducted to investigate the influence of miR-331-3p on CRC cell invasion and migration abilities. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to determine the target gene of miR-331-3p. It was found that miR-331-3p expression was notably declined in CRC and inversely correlated with the NRP2 expression. miR-331-3p upregulation significantly inhibited CRC cell invasion and migration. Additionally, western blot analysis demonstrated that miR-331-3p restoration evidently suppressed CRC cell EMT. Moreover, NRP2 was conformed to be a novel target of miR-331-3p and knockdown of NRP2 partially inversed the effects of the miR-331-3p inhibitor on cell invasion and migration. These results suggested that miR-331-3p exerted tumor suppressive roles in CRC by targeting NRP2 and miR-331-3p/NRP2 may serve as a potential therapy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
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