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Ahmad I, Kaur M, Tyagi D, Singh TB, Kaur G, Afzal SM, Jauhar M. Exploring novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Bisphenol A-induced toxicity: A persistent threat to human health. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104467. [PMID: 38763439 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous industrial chemical used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, found in numerous consumer products. Despite its widespread use, its potential adverse health effects have raised significant concerns. This review explores the molecular mechanisms and evidence-based literature underlying BPA-induced toxicities and its implications for human health. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) which exhibits carcinogenic properties by influencing various receptors, such as ER, AhR, PPARs, LXRs, and RARs. It induces oxidative stress and contributes to cellular dysfunction, inflammation, and DNA damage, ultimately leading to various toxicities including but not limited to reproductive, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and endocrine toxicity. Moreover, BPA can modify DNA methylation patterns, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression, leading to epigenetic changes and contribute to carcinogenesis. Overall, understanding molecular mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity is crucial for developing effective strategies and policies to mitigate its adverse effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Devansh Tyagi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Tejinder Bir Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Shaikh Mohammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
| | - Mohsin Jauhar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
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2
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Álvarez-González B, Hernández AF, Zafra-Gómez A, Chica-Redecillas L, Cuenca-López S, Vázquez-Alonso F, Martínez-González LJ, Álvarez-Cubero MJ. Exposure to environmental pollutants and genetic variants related to oxidative stress and xenobiotic metabolism-Association with prostate cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104455. [PMID: 38657881 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed whether genetic variants coding for certain enzymes involved in xenobiotic detoxification, antioxidant defences and DNA repair, along with exposure to environmental chemicals, were associated with an increased prostate cancer (PCa) risk. The study population consisted of 300 men (150 PCa cases and 150 controls) which underwent prostate biopsy as their serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were greater than 4 ng/ml. Genetic variants in GSTM1, GSTP1, SOD2, CAT, GPX1, XRCC1 were determined and data for chemical exposures was obtained through a structured questionnaire and by biomonitoring in a subsample of cases and controls. High serum PSA levels were associated with a greater risk of PCa, while physical exercise appears to exert a protective effect against its development. In addition, elevated urinary levels of certain organic pollutants, such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), bisphenol A (BPA), and ethyl-paraben (EPB), were associated with an increased risk of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Álvarez-González
- University of Granada, Legal Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- University of Granada, Legal Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Alberto Zafra-Gómez
- Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Fuentenueva, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Lucia Chica-Redecillas
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio Cuenca-López
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Vázquez-Alonso
- Urology Department, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Martínez-González
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - María Jesús Álvarez-Cubero
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS), Granada, Spain
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3
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Song JH, Hwang B, Park S, Kim S, Kim DH, Choi YH, Kim WJ, Moon SK. Bisphenol A regulates bladder cells responses via control of G2/M-phase cell cycle, apoptotic signaling, MAPK pathway, and transcription factor-associated MMP modulation. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23662. [PMID: 38372072 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an exogenous endocrine-disrupting chemical, is widely used to produce polycarbonate plastics. The widely used BPA has been detected in human urine samples, raising public anxiety about the detrimental effects of BPA on the bladder. In this study, we explored regulatory mechanisms for the adverse effects of BPA in human bladder BdFC and T24 cells. BPA induced extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest caused by the ATM-CHK1/CHK2-CDC25c-CDC2 signaling, which ultimately inhibited the growth of human bladder cells. We also found that BPA decreased the binding activity of AP-1 and NF-κB transcription factors in human bladder cells, which inhibited migration and invasion through matrix metallopeptidase-2 and -9 inactivation. Phosphorylation of MAPKs was implicated with BPA-mediated detrimental effects in human bladder cells. Collectively, our results provide a novel explanation for the underlying molecular mechanisms that BPA induces cytotoxicity in human bladder cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungdoo Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Solbi Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Soobin Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Kim
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
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4
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Tipbunjong C, Thitiphatphuvanon T, Pholpramool C, Surinlert P. Bisphenol-A Abrogates Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Mouse Myoblasts via Downregulation of Phospho-P65 NF- κB Signaling Pathway. J Toxicol 2024; 2024:3840950. [PMID: 38449520 PMCID: PMC10917485 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3840950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that bisphenol-A (BPA), a monomer of polycarbonate plastic, is leached out and contaminated in foods and beverages. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BPA on the myogenesis of adult muscle stem cells. C2C12 myoblasts were treated with BPA in both proliferation and differentiation conditions. Cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and differentiation, antioxidant activity, apoptosis, myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) gene expression, and mechanism of BPA on myogenesis were examined. C2C12 myoblasts exposed to 25-50 µM BPA showed abnormal morphology, expressing numerous and long cytoplasmic extensions. Cell proliferation was inhibited and was accumulated in subG1 and S phases of the cell cycle, subsequently leading to apoptosis confirmed by nuclear condensation and the expression of apoptosis markers, cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3. In addition, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase was significantly decreased. Meanwhile, BPA suppressed myoblast differentiation by decreasing the number and size of multinucleated myotubes via the modulation of MRF gene expression. Moreover, BPA significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of P65 NF-κB in both proliferation and differentiation conditions. Altogether, the results revealed the adverse effects of BPA on myogenesis leading to abnormal growth and development via the inhibition of phospho-P65 NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chittipong Tipbunjong
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | | | - Chumpol Pholpramool
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Piyaporn Surinlert
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Pathum-Thani 12120, Thailand
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Synthesis and Applications of Graphene, Thammasat University, Pathum-Thani 12120, Thailand
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5
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Rasam S, Lin Q, Shen S, Straubinger RM, Qu J. Highly Reproducible Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells Reveals Proteome-Level Effects of a Novel Combination Drug Therapy That Induces Cancer Cell Death via Metabolic Remodeling and Activation of the Extrinsic Apoptosis Pathway. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3780-3792. [PMID: 37906173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer patients have poor survival rates and are frequently treated using gemcitabine (Gem). However, initial tumor sensitivity often gives way to rapid development of resistance. Gem-based drug combinations are employed to increase efficacy and mitigate resistance, but our understanding of molecular-level drug interactions, which could assist in the development of more effective therapeutic regimens, is limited. Global quantitative proteomic analysis could provide novel mechanistic insights into drug combination interactions, but it is challenging to achieve high-quality quantitative proteomics analysis of the large sample sets that are typically required for drug combination studies. Here, we investigated molecular-level temporal interactions of Gem with BGJ398 (infigratinib), a recently approved pan-FGFR inhibitor, in multiple treatment groups (N = 42 samples) using IonStar, a robust large-scale proteomics method that employs well-controlled, ultrahigh-resolution MS1 quantification. A total of 5514 proteins in the sample set were quantified without missing data, requiring >2 unique peptides/protein, <1% protein false discovery rate (FDR), <0.1% peptide FDR, and CV < 10%. Functional analysis of the differentially altered proteins revealed drug-dysregulated processes such as metabolism, apoptosis, and antigen presentation pathways. These changes were validated experimentally using Seahorse metabolic assays and immunoassays. Overall, in-depth analysis of large-scale proteomics data provided novel insights into possible mechanisms by which FGFR inhibitors complement and enhance Gem activity in pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailee Rasam
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Qingxiang Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Shichen Shen
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Robert M Straubinger
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Jun Qu
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
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6
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Khan NG, Tungekar B, Adiga D, Chakrabarty S, Rai PS, Kabekkodu SP. Alterations induced by Bisphenol A on cellular organelles and potential relevance on human health. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119505. [PMID: 37286138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical partially soluble in water and exists in a solid state. Its structural similarity with estrogen makes it an endocrine-disrupting chemical. BPA can disrupt signaling pathways at very low doses and may cause organellar stress. According to in vitro and in vivo studies, BPA interacts with various cell surface receptors to cause organellar stress, producing free radicals, cellular toxicity, structural changes, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, cytoskeleton remodeling, centriole duplication, and aberrant changes in several cell signaling pathways. The current review summarizes the impact of BPA exposure on the structural and functional aspects of subcellular components of cells such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, ribosome, Golgi apparatus, and microtubules and its consequent impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem G Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Bushra Tungekar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India; Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India; Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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7
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Mileo A, Chianese T, Fasciolo G, Venditti P, Capaldo A, Rosati L, De Falco M. Effects of Dibutylphthalate and Steroid Hormone Mixture on Human Prostate Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14341. [PMID: 37762641 PMCID: PMC10531810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are a family of aromatic chemical compounds mainly used as plasticizers. Among phthalates, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is a low-molecular-weight phthalate used as a component of many cosmetic products, such as nail polish, and other perfumed personal care products. DBP has toxic effects on reproductive health, inducing testicular damage and developmental malformations. Inside the male reproductive system, the prostate gland reacts to both male and female sex steroids. For this reason, it represents an important target of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), compounds that are able to affect the estrogen and androgen signaling pathways, thus interfering with prostate homeostasis and inducing several prostate pathologies. The aim of this project was to investigate the effects of DBP, alone and in combination with testosterone (T), 17β-estradiol (E2), and both, on the normal PNT1A human prostate cell-derived cell line, to mimic environmental contamination. We showed that DBP and all of the tested mixtures increase cell viability through activation of both estrogen receptor α (ERα) and androgen receptor (AR). DBP modulated steroid receptor levels in a nonmonotonic way, and differently to endogenous hormones. In addition, DBP translocated ERα to the nucleus over different durations and for a more prolonged time than E2, altering the normal responsiveness of prostate cells. However, DBP alone seemed not to influence AR localization, but AR was continuously and persistently activated when DBP was used in combination. Our results show that DBP alone, and in mixture, alters redox homeostasis in prostate cells, leading to a greater increase in cell oxidative susceptibility. In addition, we also demonstrate that DBP increases the migratory potential of PNT1A cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that DBP, alone and in mixtures with endogenous steroid hormones, acts as an EDC, resulting in an altered prostate cell physiology and making these cells more prone to cancer transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Mileo
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Teresa Chianese
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Anna Capaldo
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
- CIRAM, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Ambiente”, University Federico II of Naples, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
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8
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Rosellini M, Schulze A, Omer EA, Ali NT, Marini F, Küpper JH, Efferth T. The Effect of Plastic-Related Compounds on Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression on CYP2C19-Overexpressing HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:5952. [PMID: 37630204 PMCID: PMC10459118 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28165952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, plastic and especially microplastic in the oceans have caused huge problems to marine flora and fauna. Recently, such particles have also been detected in blood, breast milk, and placenta, underlining their ability to enter the human body, presumably via the food chain and other yet-unknown mechanisms. In addition, plastic contains plasticizers, antioxidants, or lubricants, whose impact on human health is also under investigation. At the cellular level, the most important enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds are the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs). Despite their extensive characterization in the maintenance of cellular balance, their interactions with plastic and related products are unexplored. In this study, the possible interactions between several plastic-related compounds and one of the most important cytochromes, CYP2C19, were analyzed. By applying virtual compound screening and molecular docking to more than 1000 commercially available plastic-related compounds, we identified candidates that are likely to interact with this protein. A growth inhibition assay confirmed their cytotoxic activity on a CYP2C19-transfected hepatic cell line. Subsequently, we studied the effect of the selected compounds on the transcriptome-wide gene expression level by conducting RNA sequencing. Three candidate molecules were identified, i.e., 2,2'-methylene bis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 1,1-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, and 2,2'-methylene bis(6-cyclohexyl-4-methylphenol)), which bound with a high affinity to CYP2C19 in silico. They exerted a profound cytotoxicity in vitro and interacted with several metabolic pathways, of which the 'cholesterol biosynthesis process' was the most affected. In addition, other affected pathways involved mitosis, DNA replication, and inflammation, suggesting an increase in hepatotoxicity. These results indicate that plastic-related compounds could damage the liver by affecting several molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Rosellini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (M.R.); (E.A.O.); (N.T.A.)
| | - Alicia Schulze
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes, Gutenberg University, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Ejlal A. Omer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (M.R.); (E.A.O.); (N.T.A.)
| | - Nadeen T. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (M.R.); (E.A.O.); (N.T.A.)
| | - Federico Marini
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes, Gutenberg University, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.S.); (F.M.)
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan-Heiner Küpper
- Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046 Senftenberg, Germany;
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (M.R.); (E.A.O.); (N.T.A.)
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9
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Gogola-Mruk J, Krawczyk K, Marynowicz W, Rokita M, Nimpsz S, Ptak A. Bisphenols S and F drive ovarian granulosa cell tumor invasion via a metabolic switch. Toxicol Lett 2023; 375:39-47. [PMID: 36584861 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the metabolism of cancer cells are crucial for tumor growth and progression. However, the mechanism whereby environmental pollutants such as bisphenols F (BPF) and S (BPS) affect glucose metabolism through the glycolytic pathway, and therefore influence tumor progression, are unclear. Both bisphenols are endocrine-disrupting molecules that are used in plastics. As a consequence of their widespread use, these compounds have been detected in various human body fluids. Thus, hormone-sensitive cancers, such as ovarian cancers, are exposed to these compounds. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of the concentrations of BPS and BPF found in body fluids on the cell viability, glucose uptake, glycolysis, oxygen consumption, and invasion by the adult ovarian granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) cell line. We found that BPS and BPF increased the glucose uptake, hexokinase activity, proliferation, and invasion of the cells at environmentally relevant concentrations. Furthermore, we identified an inhibition of glycolysis in parallel with an increase in oxygen consumption, suggesting a BPS/BPF-induced switch from aerobic glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration. In summary, these findings demonstrate a new mechanism through which BPS and BPF promote ovarian granulosa cell tumor progression by increasing energy production through mitochondrial respiration. Thus, both bisphenols induced a metabolic switch that appears to be a stimulus for AGCT progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Gogola-Mruk
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kinga Krawczyk
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Weronika Marynowicz
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rokita
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Samantha Nimpsz
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Ptak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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10
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Senra MVX, Fonseca AL. Toxicological impacts and likely protein targets of bisphenol a in Paramecium caudatum. Eur J Protistol 2023; 88:125958. [PMID: 36857848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2023.125958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used plasticizer agent and a well-known ubiquitous endocrine disruptor, which is frequently associated with a series of reproductive, developmental, and transgenerational effects over wildlife, livestocks, and humans. Although extensive toxicological data is available for metazoans, the impact of BPA over unicellular eukaryotes, which represents a considerable proportion of eukaryotic diversity, remains largely overlooked. Here, we used acute end-point toxicological assay and an inverted virtual-screening (IVS) approach to evaluate cellular impairments infringed by BPA over the cosmopolitan ciliated protist, Paramecium caudatum. Our data indicate a clear time-dependent effect over P. caudatum survival, which seems to be a consequence of disruptions to multiple core cellular functions, such as DNA and cell replication, transcription, translation and signaling pathways. Finally, the use of this ciliate as a biosensor to monitor BPA within environments and the relevance of bioinformatic methods to leverage our current knowledge on the impacts of emerging contaminants to biological systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus V X Senra
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Itajubá, 37500-903, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Ana Lúcia Fonseca
- Instituto de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Itajubá, 37500-903, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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11
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Song JH, Hwang B, Kim SB, Choi YH, Kim WJ, Moon SK. Bisphenol A modulates proliferation, apoptosis, and wound healing process of normal prostate cells: Involvement of G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest, MAPK signaling, and transcription factor-mediated MMP regulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114358. [PMID: 36508820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly used to produce epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is leaked from the polymer and absorbed into the body to disrupt the endocrine system. Although BPA may cause cytotoxicity in the prostate, a hormone-dependent reproductive organ, its underlying mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Here, we investigated the effects of BPA on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the wound healing process using prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1) and stromal cells (WPMY-1). Observations revealed that BPA induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in both cell types through the ATM-CHK1/CHK2-CDC25c-CDC2 signaling pathway, and the IC50 values were estimated to be 150 μM. Furthermore, BPA was found to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis through initiator (caspase-8 and -9) and executioner (caspase-3 and -7) caspase cascades. In addition, BPA interfered with the wound healing process through inhibition of MMP-2 and - 9 expression, accompanied by reductions in the binding activities of AP-1 as well as NF-κB motifs. Phosphorylation of MAPKs was associated with the BPA-mediated toxicity of prostate cells. These results suggest that BPA exhibits prostate toxicity by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and interfering with the wound healing process. Our study provided new insights into the precise molecular mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity in human prostate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungdo Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Bin Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Di Donato M, Giovannelli P, Migliaccio A, Bilancio A. Inhibition of Vps34 and p110δ PI3K Impairs Migration, Invasion and Three-Dimensional Spheroid Growth in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169008. [PMID: 36012280 PMCID: PMC9409264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that represents the most common cancer around the world; it comprises 12% of new cases according to the World Health Organization. Despite new approaches in early diagnosis and current treatment, breast cancer is still the leading cause of death for cancer mortality. New targeted therapies against key signalling transduction molecules are required. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) regulates multiple biological functions such as proliferation, survival, migration, and growth. It is well established that PI3K isoform-selective inhibitors show fewer toxic side effects compared to broad spectrum inhibition of PI3K (pan-PI3K inhibitors). Therefore, we tested the PI3K p110δ-selective inhibitor, IC87114, and Vps34-selective inhibitor, Vps34-IN1, on the breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, representing hormone-responsive and triple-negative breast cancer cells, respectively. Our data show that both inhibitors decreased migration of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and Vps34 also significantly impacted MCF-7 cell proliferation. Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture models show that IC87114 and Vps34-IN1 treatment reduced the growth of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in 3D tumour spheroid cultures. This study identifies IC87114 and Vps34-IN1 as potential therapeutic approaches in breast cancer.
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13
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Sohel M, Sultana H, Sultana T, Mamun AA, Amin MN, Hossain MA, Ali MC, Aktar S, Sultana A, Rahim ZB, Mitra S, Dash R. Chemotherapeutics activities of dietary phytoestrogens against prostate cancer: From observational to clinical studies. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1561-1580. [PMID: 35652403 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220601153426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains one of the most frequent and deadliest malignancies in males, where the rate of disease progression is closely associated with the type of dietary intake, specifically Western-style diet. Indeed intake of the Asian diet, which contains abundant phytoestrogens, is inversely correlated with a higher risk of prostate cancer, suggesting a chemoprotective effect of phytoestrogen against cancer progression. Although the role of phytoestrogens in cancer treatment was well documented, their impact on prostate cancer is not well understood. Therefore, the present review discusses the possible chemopreventive effect of phytoestrogens, emphasizing their efficacy at the different stages of carcinogenesis. Furthermore, phytoestrogens provide a cytoprotective effect in conventional chemotherapy and enhance chemosensitivity to tumor cells, which have also been discussed. This compilation provides a solid basis for future research on phytoestrogens as a promising avenue for anticancer drug development and also recommends these beneficiary compounds in the daily diet to manage and prevent prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sohel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh.,Pratyasha Health Biomedical Research Center, Dhaka-1230. Bangladesh
| | - Habiba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of life science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tayeba Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of life science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nurul Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology, Dhaka-1230. Bangladesh.,Pratyasha Health Biomedical Research Center, Dhaka-1230. Bangladesh
| | - Md Arju Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of life science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Chayan Ali
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Suraiya Aktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Armin Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Zahed Bin Rahim
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Sarmistha Mitra
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
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14
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Shivam V, Boobalan A, Nallusamy S, Ponnusamy K, Veluchamy P, Siva P. Genomic approach to identify association of environmental bisphenol-A (BPA) in daily use plastics as molecular disruptors in breast cancer. Meta Gene 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2022.101026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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15
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Bisphenol A Analogues Suppress Spheroid Attachment on Human Endometrial Epithelial Cells through Modulation of Steroid Hormone Receptors Signaling Pathway. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112882. [PMID: 34831106 PMCID: PMC8616109 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine disruptor, widely used in various consumer products and ubiquitously found in air, water, food, dust, and sewage leachates. Recently, several countries have restricted the use of BPA and replaced them with bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF), which have a similar chemical structure to BPA. Compared to BPA, both BPS and BPF have weaker estrogenic effects, but their effects on human reproductive function including endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation still remain largely unknown. We used an in vitro spheroid (blastocyst surrogate) co-culture assay to investigate the effects of BPA, BPS, and BPF on spheroid attachment on human endometrial epithelial cells, and further delineated their role on steroid hormone receptor expression. We also used transcriptomics to investigate the effects of BPA, BPS, and BPF on the transcriptome of human endometrial cells. We found that bisphenol treatment in human endometrial Ishikawa cells altered estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) signaling and upregulated progesterone receptors (PR). Bisphenols suppressed spheroid attachment onto Ishikawa cells, which was reversed by the downregulation of PR through PR siRNA. Overall, we found that bisphenol compounds can affect human endometrial epithelial cell receptivity through the modulation of steroid hormone receptor function leading to impaired embryo implantation.
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16
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Almeida TFA, Oliveira SR, Mayra da Silva J, Fernandes de Oliveira AL, de Lourdes Cardeal Z, Menezes HC, Gomes JM, Campolina-Silva GH, Oliveira CA, Macari S, Garlet GP, Alves Diniz IM, Leopoldino AM, Aparecida Silva T. Effects of high-dose bisphenol A on the mouse oral mucosa: A possible link with oral cancers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117296. [PMID: 33971473 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical able to promote hormone-responsive tumors. The major route of BPA contamination being oral, the aim of the present study was to investigate BPA effects on oral cells. Here, we evaluated the impact of sub-chronic in vivo exposure to BPA and its in vitro effects on neoplastic and non-neoplastic oral cells. We evaluated the oral mucosa of mice chronically exposed to BPA (200 mg/L). The response of keratinocytes (NOK-SI) and Head and Neck (HN) Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), HN12 and HN13 cell lines to BPA was examined. In vivo, BPA accumulated in oral tissues and caused an increase in epithelial proliferative activity. BPA disrupted the function of keratinocytes by altering pro-survival and proliferative pathways and the secretion of cytokines and growth factors. In tumor cells, BPA induced proliferative, invasive, pro-angiogenic, and epigenetic paths. Our data highlight the harmful effects of BPA on oral mucosa and, tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells. Additionally, BPA may be a modifier of oral cancer cell behavior by prompting a functional shift to a more aggressive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sicília Rezende Oliveira
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Janine Mayra da Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Zenilda de Lourdes Cardeal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Helvécio Costa Menezes
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José Messias Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Cleida Aparecida Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Ivana Márcia Alves Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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17
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Lu Y, Yang R, Yin N, Faiola F. In vivo and in vitro transcriptomics meta-analyses reveal that BPA may affect TGF-beta signaling regardless of the toxicology system employed. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117472. [PMID: 34082367 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high-production-volume monomer for the manufacture of a wide variety of polycarbonate plastics and resins. Evidence suggests BPA can induce carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, abnormal inflammatory or immune response, and developmental disorders of the brain or nervous system. However, whether BPA affects the very same basic molecular processes in all the in vivo and in vitro systems employed to exert its molecular mechanisms of toxicity remains to be clarified. In this study, we collected multi-source global transcriptomics datasets for BPA-exposed organisms and cells, and evaluated the adverse effects of BPA by using data integration and gene functional enrichment analyses. We found that BPA may affect basic cellular processes, such as cell growth, survival, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, independent of species and specific in vivo or in vitro systems. Mechanistically, BPA could regulate cell-extra cellular matrix interactions via challenging TGF-beta signaling pathways. Furthermore, we compared our in vitro BPA-dependent mouse embryoid body (EB) global differentiation transcriptomics with all the other datasets. We verified the EB-based toxicological system could recapitulate several in vivo and other in vitro findings very efficiently, and in a less time- and resource-consuming fashion. Taken together, this study emphasizes the utility of meta-analyses to understand common molecular mechanisms of toxicity of synthetic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Renjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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18
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Rutin Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in Caski Cervical Cancer Cells via Notch- 1 and Hes- 1 Downregulation. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080761. [PMID: 34440505 PMCID: PMC8400226 DOI: 10.3390/life11080761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural dietary molecules such as flavonoids have been recognized for their immense potential in cancer therapeutics with several health benefits. Hes-1 and Notch-1 overexpression has been associated with the progression of cervical cancer. However, the apoptosis-inducing potential of one such potent flavanol against these two key components of the Notch signaling pathway in cervical cancer has not been elucidated to date. Therefore, in this study, we performed several in vitro assays to gain detailed insight about the apoptotic inducing effect of rutin as well as its modulatory effect on Notch-1 and Hes-1 in cervical cancer cells. The results indicated that rutin led to a dose-dependent antiproliferative effects on Caski cervical cancer cells. DAPI and Mitotracker red staining revealed that rutin induced significant apoptotic effects via caspase-3/9 activation, ROS generation, and alteration in Bax/Bcl2 mRNA expression. Cell cycle analysis resulted in the arrest of cell cycle progression in G0/G1 that was associated with a reduced expression of CDK4 and Cyclin D1. The gene expression analysis further revealed that rutin treatment decreases Notch-1 and Hes-1 mRNA expression. Altogether, these results showed that rutin showed potent anticancer effects in human cervical cancer Caski cells by triggering apoptosis, G0/G1 phase arrest, and downregulating the level of Notch-1 and Hes-1 of the Notch signaling pathway.
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19
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Sang C, Song Y, Jin TW, Zhang S, Fu L, Zhao Y, Zou X, Wang Z, Gao H, Liu S. Bisphenol A induces ovarian cancer cell proliferation and metastasis through estrogen receptor-α pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:36060-36068. [PMID: 33683587 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13267-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used raw material that can be detected both in the environment and in the human body. Due to its estrogen-like effects, wide concerns have been raised about the potential role of BPA in the initiation and development of hormone-dependent cancers. Ovarian cancer is the most common reproductive system cancer and has a high mortality rate in women. Despite recent investigations into BPA's carcinogenic effects, studies on its role in ovarian cancer development remain limited. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of BPA at various environmentally relevant concentrations on proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. We discovered that BPA can stimulate proliferation of OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells after exposure for up to 5 days. Strikingly, BPA enhanced ovarian cancer cell migration, invasion, and adhesion (to vascular endothelial cells) through upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (IMAC-1). The stimulatory effects of BPA on cancer cell proliferation and metastasis were reversed by treatment with an ERα inhibitor, but not by treatment with an ERβ inhibitor. Together, these results suggest that BPA induces proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells through ERα signaling pathways. This study provides new insights into the carcinogenic effects of BPA with regard to ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Sang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tong-Wang Jin
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Linyan Fu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinxin Zou
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China.
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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20
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Öz E, Tüylü Küçükkılınç T. Combined effect of fulvestrant and low dose BPA: comparative implications on EMT, apoptosis, and TGF-β1 signaling in HepG2 cells. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2285-2291. [PMID: 34100320 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1935368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical utilized in the manufacture of food packaging, dental materials, medical devices, children's toys, and baby products. Numerous studies have indicated the role of BPA in the etiology of many diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, cancer, and chemotherapeutic resistance. However, the effects of BPA- chemotherapeutic combination remain to be investigated in different cell lines. Here, we demonstrate that low dose BPA and fulvestrant (estrogen receptor antagonist) combination synergistically decrease proliferation, promote cell migration and mesenchymal transition, switching from E-cadherin to N-cadherin expression Hepg2 cells. Moreover, we determined that low dose BPA may evoke susceptibility to apoptosis in HepG2 cells. The mechanism underlying these effects has been identified as increased TGF-β1 signaling. Our results provide an experimental basis for evaluating the potential health risks of low-dose BPA for fulvestrant therapy in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esin Öz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Lee JY, Lim HM, Lee CM, Park SH, Nam MJ. Indole-3-carbinol inhibits the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells through activation of the apoptotic signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:2099-2112. [PMID: 34085558 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211021475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a phytochemical that exhibits growth-inhibitory activity against various cancer cells. However, there are limited studies on the effects of I3C on colon cancer cells. In this study, the growth-inhibitory activity of I3C against the human colorectal carcinoma cell line (LoVo) was examined. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, colony formation, and cell counting assays revealed that I3C suppressed the proliferation of LoVo cells. Microscopy and wound-healing analyses revealed that I3C affected the morphology and inhibited the migration of LoVo cells, respectively. I3C induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation as evidenced by the results of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated annexin V staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling assay, respectively. Additionally, I3C arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and enhanced the reactive oxygen species levels. Western blotting analysis revealed that treatment with I3C resulted in the activation of apoptotic proteins, such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, Bax, Bim, and p53 in LoVo cells. These results indicate that I3C induces apoptosis in LoVo cells by upregulating p53, leading to the activation of Bax and caspases. Taken together, I3C exerts cytotoxic effects on LoVo cells by activating apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Lim
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - C M Lee
- Department of Bio&Chemical Engineering, 65686Hongik University, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Park
- Department of Bio&Chemical Engineering, 65686Hongik University, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Nam
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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22
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Khan NG, Correia J, Adiga D, Rai PS, Dsouza HS, Chakrabarty S, Kabekkodu SP. A comprehensive review on the carcinogenic potential of bisphenol A: clues and evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:19643-19663. [PMID: 33666848 PMCID: PMC8099816 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A [BPA; (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2] is a synthetic chemical used as a precursor material for the manufacturing of plastics and resins. It gained attention due to its high chances of human exposure and predisposing individuals at extremely low doses to diseases, including cancer. It enters the human body via oral, inhaled, and dermal routes as leach-out products. BPA may be anticipated as a probable human carcinogen. Studies using in vitro cell lines, rodent models, and epidemiological analysis have convincingly shown the increasing susceptibility to cancer at doses below the oral reference dose set by the Environmental Protection Agency for BPA. Furthermore, BPA exerts its toxicological effects at the genetic and epigenetic levels, influencing various cell signaling pathways. The present review summarizes the available data on BPA and its potential impact on cancer and its clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Ghani Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Jacinta Correia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Padmalatha Satwadi Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Herman Sunil Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Center for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Center for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Liang M, Zhou J, Sun X, He C, Zhang K, Hu K. [Effects of bisphenol A on apoptosis of ovarian preantral follicular granulosa cells and ovarian development in mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:93-99. [PMID: 33509759 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.01.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of environmental estrogen bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on apoptosis of mouse ovarian preantral follicular granulosa cells and ovarian development and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Mouse ovarian preantral follicular granulosa cells were isolated from female ICR mice at postnatal day (PND) 10 and cultured in vitro. The cultured cells were treated with 0, 1, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 500 μmol/L BPA, and the changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential were analyzed with CCK-8 method and flow cytometry. The protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, p53 and cyclin D1 in the treated cells were determined with Western blotting. Pregnant ICR mice were treated for a week with BPA at the concentration that produced significant effects on the preantral follicular granulosa cells, and the weight changes of the pregnant mice were recorded. The ovarian tissues of the offspring female mice were weighed at PND 10, 17, 21 and 42 followed by histological observation with HE staining and examination of Bcl-2 mRNA expression level with RT-qPCR. RESULTS Compared with the control cells group, the isolated cells exposed to a low concentration of BPA (50 μmol/L) showed a significantly lowered apoptosis rate, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhanced cellular proliferation (P < 0.05). Exposure to a higher BPA concentration at 200 μmol/L obviously enhanced cell apoptosis by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential and repressed the cell proliferation (P < 0.05). BPA exposure at 50 μmol/L and 200 μmol/L produced opposite effects on the protein expressions of Bcl-2 (P < 0.01), Bax (P < 0.05) and p53 (P < 0.05) in mouse ovarian preantral follicular granulosa cells. BPA exposure at the doses of 10 and 35 mg/kg caused rapid weight increment of the pregnant mice and changes in ovarian index of the offspring female mice. In the offspring female mice, the changes in Bcl-2 mRNA expression in the ovarian tissue showed a similar pattern to that of ovarian index. Exposure of the pregnant mice to a high BPA concentration at 35 mg/kg resulted in accelerated follicular development into antral follicular stage in PND 21 offspring female mice. CONCLUSIONS BPA can concentration-dependently regulate the function of ovarian preantral follicular granulosa cells in mice and potentially affects both the pregnant mice and the offspring female mice in light of early ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liang
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Jinzhao Zhou
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Xunying Sun
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Chaofan He
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Kejia Zhang
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Ke Hu
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
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24
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Alarcón R, Rivera OE, Ingaramo PI, Tschopp MV, Dioguardi GH, Milesi MM, Muñoz-de-Toro M, Luque EH. Neonatal exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide alters the uterine differentiation of prepubertal ewe lambs. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114874. [PMID: 32599332 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), such as glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), during early life might alter female fertility. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of neonatal exposure to a GBH on sheep uterine development. To achieve this, Friesian ewe lambs were exposed to GBH (2 mg/kg of body weight/day; n = 12) or vehicle (controls; n = 10) through s.c. injections, from postnatal day (PND) 1 to PND14; on PND45, the uteri were obtained to evaluate histomorphological and molecular parameters. Morphological parameters were determined by picrosirius-hematoxylin staining. Protein expression of Ki67 (as a cell proliferation marker), p27, and molecules involved in uterine organogenetic differentiation was measured by immunohistochemistry. We also determined the mRNA expression of the IGF molecular pathway by RT-PCR. Although histomorphology was not modified, the uteri of GBH-exposed ewe lambs showed lower cell proliferation, together with higher p27 protein expression. In addition, the uteri of GBH-exposed ewe lambs showed increased gene expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), decreased expression of ERα in the luminal (LE) and glandular (GE) epithelia and in the subepithelial stroma (SS), and lower PR expression in the LE but higher in the GE and SS. In addition, GBH treatment decreased the uterine expression of Wnt5a in the GE, of Wnt7a in the SS, of β-catenin in the LE and GE, of Hoxa10 in the SS, and of Foxa2 in the GE as compared with controls. In conclusion, neonatal exposure to GBH decreased cell proliferation and altered the expression of molecules that control proliferation and development in the uterus. All these changes might have adverse consequences on uterine differentiation and functionality, affecting the female reproductive health of sheep. GBH may be responsible for uterine subfertility, acting as an EDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Alarcón
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Oscar E Rivera
- Instituto de Investigación sobre Producción Agropecuaria, Ambiente y Salud (IIPAAS), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola I Ingaramo
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María V Tschopp
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gisela H Dioguardi
- Instituto de Investigación sobre Producción Agropecuaria, Ambiente y Salud (IIPAAS), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes M Milesi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mónica Muñoz-de-Toro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Enrique H Luque
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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25
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Al-Othman N, Ahram M, Alqaraleh M. Role of androgen and microRNA in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Dis 2020; 39:15-27. [PMID: 31839601 DOI: 10.3233/bd-190416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent type of malignancy affecting females worldwide. Molecular-based studies resulted in an identification of at least four subtypes of breast carcinoma, including luminal A and luminal B, Human growth factor receptor (HER-2)-enriched and triple-negative tumors (basal-like and normal breast-like). A proportion of BC cases are of the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) type. TNBC lacks the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER-2, and is known to express androgen receptor (AR) at considerable levels. AR has been shown to promote the progression of TNBC. However, the exact mechanisms have yet to be unraveled. One of these mechanisms could be through regulating the expression of microRNA (miRNA) molecules, which play an important regulatory role in BC through post-transcriptional gene silencing. Activation of AR controls the expression of miRNA molecules, which target selective mRNAs, consequently, affecting protein expression. In this review we attempt to elucidate the relations between AR and miRNA in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihad Al-Othman
- Division of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mamoun Ahram
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Moath Alqaraleh
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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26
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Wu S, Huang D, Su X, Yan H, Ma A, Li L, Wu J, Sun Z. The prostaglandin synthases, COX-2 and L-PGDS, mediate prostate hyperplasia induced by low-dose bisphenol A. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13108. [PMID: 32753632 PMCID: PMC7403327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify prostaglandin synthases (PGS) that mediate bisphenol A (BPA)-induced prostatic hyperplasia and explore their underlying mechanisms. In an in vivo study, male adult Sprague–Dawley rats were treated with different concentrations of BPA (10, 30, 90, or 270 μg/kg, i.g., daily), or with vehicle for 4 weeks. Results revealed that low-dose BPA induced prostatic hyperplasia with increased PCNA/TUNEL ratio. It significantly upregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and NF-κB in the dorsolateral prostate (P < 0.05) and the expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) in ventral prostate (P < 0.05). The level of estradiol (E2)/testosterone (T) and expression of androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor α (ERα) were also altered. In vitro studies showed that low-dose BPA (0.1–10 nM) promoted the proliferation of human prostate fibroblasts and epithelial cells, and significantly upregulated the expression of COX-2 and L-PGDS in the cells. The two types of cell proliferation induced by BPA were inhibited by COX-2 inhibitor (NS398) and L-PGDS inhibitor (AT56), with increased apoptosis level. These findings suggested that COX-2 and L-PGDS could mediate low-dose BPA-induced prostatic hyperplasia through pathways involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, which might be related to the functions of ERα and AR. The role of COX-2/NF-κB pathway in dorsolateral prostate requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Wu
- Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.,National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dongyan Huang
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Su
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Han Yan
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Aicui Ma
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Li
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zuyue Sun
- National Evaluation Centre for Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drugs, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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27
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Liu J, Ou C, Zhu X, Tan C, Xiang X, He Y. Potential role of CFTR in bisphenol A-induced malignant transformation of prostate cells via mitochondrial apoptosis. Toxicol Ind Health 2020; 36:531-539. [PMID: 32729384 DOI: 10.1177/0748233720943750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disruptor and a risk factor for prostate cancer. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is proposed to be a prostate cancer suppressor in some recent researches. However, the potential role and mechanism of CFTR in BPA-induced prostate cancer cells has not been well identified. In this study, BPA decreased the viability of human normal prostate RWPE-1 cells detected with a CCK-8 kit. The capacity of the cell line on soft agar colony formation, wound healing, and transwell invasion indicated malignant transformation induced by BPA. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the levels of CFTR and Bcl-2 decreased, whereas Bax level increased, and ELISA detection showed a decreased ATP level in BPA-exposed cells. Cell apoptosis was analyzed with Annexin V-FITC Detection Kit by flow cytometry. However, no significant difference was observed in cell viability and apoptosis rates compared to normal RWPE-1 cells. Our research revealed a potential role of CFTR in BPA-induced malignant transformation via mitochondrial apoptosis of normal prostate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Chaoyan Ou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaonian Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Chao Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xuebao Xiang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yonghua He
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, 74716Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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28
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Hafezi SA, Abdel-Rahman WM. The Endocrine Disruptor Bisphenol A (BPA) Exerts a Wide Range of Effects in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2020; 12:230-238. [PMID: 30848227 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666190306164507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic plasticizer that is commonly used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Human exposure occurs when BPA migrates from food and beverage containers into the contents when heated or even under normal conditions of use. BPA exerts endocrine disruptor action due to its weak binding affinity for the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ. BPA exerts other effects by activating the membrane receptor GPER (GPR30) and/or other receptors such as the estrogen-related receptors (ERRs). OBJECTIVE This review summarizes emerging data on BPA and cancer. These include data linking exposure to BPA with an increased risk of hormone-related cancers such as those of the ovary, breast, prostate, and even colon cancer. BPA can also induce resistance to various chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin, cisplatin, and vinblastine in vitro. The development of chemoresistance to available therapeutics is an emerging significant aspect of BPA toxicity because it worsens the prognosis of many tumors. CONCLUSION Recent findings support a causal role of BPA at low levels in the development of cancers and in dictating their response to cytotoxic therapy. Accurate knowledge and consideration of these issues would be highly beneficial to cancer prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin A Hafezi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael M Abdel-Rahman
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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29
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Špačková J, Oliveira D, Puškár M, Ďurovcová I, Gaplovská-Kyselá K, Oliveira R, Ševčovičová A. Endocrine-Independent Cytotoxicity of Bisphenol A Is Mediated by Increased Levels of Reactive Oxygen Species and Affects Cell Cycle Progression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:869-875. [PMID: 31880940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used for the production of plastics and epoxy resins, which are part of packaging materials for food and beverages, and can migrate into food and the environment, thus exposing human beings to its effects. Exposure to BPA has been associated with oxidative stress, cell cycle changes, and genotoxicity, and is mediated by its known endocrine-disrupting activity. Possible BPA cytotoxicity without mediation by estrogen receptors has been reported in the literature. Here, we show the toxic effects of BPA by live-cell imaging on the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, an experimental model lacking estrogen receptors, which were in line with data from flow cytometry on intracellular oxidation (76.4 ± 14.4 and 19.4 ± 16.1% of fluorescent cells for BPA treatment and control, respectively; p < 0.05) as well as delay in cell cycle progression (after 90 min of experiment, 48.4 ± 4.30 and 64.6 ± 5.46% of cells with a 4C DNA content for BPA treatment and control, respectively; p < 0.05) upon exposure to BPA. These results strongly support the possibilities that BPA-induced cell cycle changes can be independent of estrogen receptors and that live-cell imaging is a powerful tool for genotoxic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Špačková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Genetics , Comenius University , Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina , 842 15 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Daniela Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Biology , University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar , 4710-057 Braga , Portugal
| | - Marek Puškár
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Genetics , Comenius University , Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina , 842 15 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Ivana Ďurovcová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Genetics , Comenius University , Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina , 842 15 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Katarína Gaplovská-Kyselá
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Genetics , Comenius University , Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina , 842 15 Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Rui Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Biology , University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar , 4710-057 Braga , Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Department of Biology , University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar , 4710-057 Braga , Portugal
| | - Andrea Ševčovičová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Genetics , Comenius University , Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina , 842 15 Bratislava , Slovakia
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30
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Tramadol use is associated with enhanced postoperative outcomes in breast cancer patients: a retrospective clinical study with in vitro confirmation. Br J Anaesth 2019; 123:865-876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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31
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Pogrmic-Majkic K, Samardzija Nenadov D, Fa S, Stanic B, Trninic Pjevic A, Andric N. BPA activates EGFR and ERK1/2 through PPARγ to increase expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in human cumulus granulosa cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:60-67. [PMID: 31075703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) negatively affects steroid production in human luteinized granulosa cells (GC). This study was designed to address two important questions: (1) whether BPA exerts the same disruptive effect in human cumulus granulosa cells (hCGC) and (2) to reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the BPA's action on steroidogenesis. We used cultured hCGC since these cells exert the properties of GC from early antral follicles. Results showed that BPA at 100 μM decreased estradiol level and CYP19A1 mRNA, but increased progesterone production, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) mRNA expression after 48 h. Shorter (6 h) exposure to BPA elevated PPARγ mRNA level in hCGC. Addition of ERK1/2 (U0126), EGFR (AG1478) and PPARγ (GW9662) inhibitors prevented the BPA-induced STAR and PPARγ mRNA expression. Western blot analysis showed that BPA induced a rapid EGFR and ERK1/2 activation. The BPA-induced EGFR phosphorylation was prevented by addition of the PPARγ inhibitor, whereas the BPA-induced ERK1/2 activation was prevented by addition of the EGFR or PPARγ inhibitor. These data show that BPA increases the progesterone and decreases the estradiol biosynthetic pathway in hCGC. Augmentation of the progesterone biosynthetic pathway is mediated through the PPARγ-dependent activation of EGFR and ERK1/2, leading to increased expression of STAR mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Svetlana Fa
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stanic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Trninic Pjevic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia; Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Andric
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia.
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LIFR-AS1 modulates Sufu to inhibit cell proliferation and migration by miR-197-3p in breast cancer. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180551. [PMID: 31127025 PMCID: PMC6614576 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous evidence has recently demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in the oncogenesis and development of a wide range of human neoplasms. Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor antisense RNA 1 (LIFR-AS1), a novel cancer-related lncRNA, has been reported to be under-expressed in breast cancer and associated with poor prognosis. However, the exact role of LIFR-AS1 in breast cancer remains largely unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the biological role of LIFR-AS1 in breast cancer and clarify the potential molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we found that LIFR-AS1 was significantly down-regulated in both tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, over-expression of LIFR-AS1 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of LIFR-AS1 promoted breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. Moreover, LIFR-AS1 was observed to up-regulate suppressor of fused gene (Sufu) expression by competitively binding to miR-197-3p in breast cancer cells. Notably, miR-197-3p inhibitor reversed the promoting effects of LIFR-AS1 knockdown on breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. Additionally, LIFR-AS1 knockdown promoted tumor growth in vivo. To sum up, our results imply the tumor-suppressing role of LIFR-AS1 in breast cancer.
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33
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Wang H, Ji Z. Inhibition of p53 alleviates prostate cell apoptosis in Escherichia coli‑induced bacterial prostatitis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:895-902. [PMID: 31173258 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that uropathogenic Escherichia coli infection contributes to human bacterial prostatitis. Apoptosis of prostate epithelial cells is closely associated with the progression of bacterial prostatitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) on the apoptosis of bacterial prostatitis cells. The prostate epithelial RWPE‑1 cell line was infected with Escherichia coli, and treated cells and the culture supernatant were obtained at specific time points. The cell apoptosis rates, protein and mRNA of p53 were detected in the different treatment groups. Flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl‑transferase‑mediated dUTP nick end labeling assays were used for the detection of cell apoptosis, and cell proliferation was determined by a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. The expression of p53 was inhibited by small interfering (si)RNA, and its mRNA and protein were detected. An ELISA was used for detecting cytokines in the culture supernatant. The result demonstrated that Escherichia coli infection led to an increase in prostate epithelial cell apoptosis (P<0.05), and resulted in increases of interleukin (IL)‑4, IL‑6 and IL‑8, and decrease in IL‑10. p53, apoptosis regulator BAX (Bax), caspase‑9 and Caspase‑3 expression were upregulated upon Escherichia coli exposure (P<0.05). Following transfection with p53 siRNA, the promotion of cell apoptosis induced by Escherichia coli infection was decreased, and the p53 and Bax protein expression were additionally decreased. Therefore, it was suggested that Escherichia coli increases cell apoptosis in bacterial prostatitis by activating the death receptor pathway involving p53. Inhibition of p53 alleviated prostate cell apoptosis induced by Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Di Donato M, Cernera G, Migliaccio A, Castoria G. Nerve Growth Factor Induces Proliferation and Aggressiveness In Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E784. [PMID: 31174415 PMCID: PMC6627659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to hormone therapy and disease progression is the major challenge in clinical management of prostate cancer (PC). Drugs currently used in PC therapy initially show a potent antitumor effects, but PC gradually develops resistance, relapses and spreads. Most patients who fail primary therapy and have recurrences eventually develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is almost incurable. The nerve growth factor (NGF) acts on a variety of non-neuronal cells by activating the NGF tyrosine-kinase receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA). NGF signaling is deregulated in PC. In androgen-dependent PC cells, TrkA mediates the proliferative action of NGF through its crosstalk with the androgen receptor (AR). Epithelial PC cells, however, acquire the ability to express NGF and TrkA, as the disease progresses, indicating a role for NGF/TrkA axis in PC progression and androgen-resistance. We here report that once activated by NGF, TrkA mediates proliferation, invasiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various CRPC cells. NGF promotes organoid growth in 3D models of CRPC cells, and specific inhibition of TrkA impairs all these responses. Thus TrkA represents a new biomarker to target in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Di Donato
- Department of Precision Medicine-University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli'-via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gustavo Cernera
- Department of Precision Medicine-University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli'-via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antimo Migliaccio
- Department of Precision Medicine-University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli'-via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Castoria
- Department of Precision Medicine-University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli'-via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy.
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Zhao Q, Howard EW, Parris AB, Ma Z, Xing Y, Yang X. Bisphenol AF promotes estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell proliferation through amphiregulin-mediated crosstalk with receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216469. [PMID: 31059536 PMCID: PMC6502342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting compound, is associated with increased risk of estrogen-related diseases, including estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Although bisphenol analogs, i.e. bisphenol AF (BPAF), have replaced BPA in industrial settings, increasing data indicate that these alternatives may have similar or even more potent estrogenic effects. As such, BPAF exhibits increased ER binding affinities than BPA in biochemical assays. However, preclinical studies exploring the effects of BPAF on ER+ breast cancer are missing mechanistic data. Thus, we aimed to characterize the effects of BPAF on MCF-7 and T47D ER+ breast cancer cells with mechanistic insight. We found that BPAF promoted cell growth and cell cycle progression concurrently with BPAF-induced ERα transcriptional activity and ER-RTK signaling activation. ER signaling blockage revealed that BPAF-induced cell proliferation and ER-RTK crosstalk were ER-dependent. Gene expression data demonstrated that AREG is a sensitive target of BPAF in our in vitro models. Importantly, we determined that AREG upregulation is necessary for BPAF-induced cellular responses. Ultimately, our novel finding that AREG mediates BPAF-induced ER-RTK crosstalk in ER+ breast cancer cells supports future studies to characterize the impact of BPAF on human ER+ breast cancer risk and to assess the safety profile of BPAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erin W. Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Amanda B. Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ying Xing
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Androgens Induce Invasiveness of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells Through AR/Src/PI3-K Complex Assembly. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4490. [PMID: 30872694 PMCID: PMC6418124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is still characterized by high morbidity and mortality. A specific BC subtype named triple negative BC (TNBC) lacks estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively) and is characterized by the absence of overexpression/amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in TNBC, although its function in these cancers is still debated. Moreover, few therapeutic options are currently available for the treatment of TNBC. In this study, we have used TNBC-derived MDA-MB231 and MDA-MB453 cells that, albeit at different extent, both express AR. Androgen challenging induces migration and invasiveness of these cells. Use of the anti-androgen bicalutamide or AR knockdown experiments show that these effects depend on AR. Furthermore, the small peptide, S1, which mimics the AR proline-rich motif responsible for the interaction of AR with SH3-Src, reverses the effects in both cell lines, suggesting that the assembly of a complex made up of AR and Src drives the androgen-induced motility and invasiveness. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments in androgen-treated MDA-MB231 and MDA-MB453 cells show that the AR/Src complex recruits p85α, the regulatory subunit of PI3-K. In such a way, the basic machinery leading to migration and invasiveness is turned-on. The S1 peptide inhibits motility and invasiveness of TNBC cells and disrupts the AR/Src/p85α complex assembly in MDA-MB231 cells. This study shows that the rapid androgen activation of Src/PI3-K signaling drives migration and invasiveness of TNBC cells and suggests that the S1 peptide is a promising therapeutic option for these cancers.
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Ameliorative effect of Silybin on bisphenol A induced oxidative stress, cell proliferation and steroid hormones oxidation in HepG2 cell cultures. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3228. [PMID: 30824780 PMCID: PMC6397216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and silybin are considered xenoestrogens and could interfere with the action of endogenous hormones. It was demonstrated a higher level of BPA in plasma of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients, compared to those with steatosis (NAFL). We investigated the effect of BPA and silybin, alone or in combination, on proliferation, oxidative stress and steroid metabolism in HepG2 grown in high glucose concentration medium (H-HepG2). Cell viability was assessed by adding 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT). TBARS were quantified by spectrophotometry. The effect of BPA, silybin and their combination on the expression of phosphorilized extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), ERK and Caspase 3 was determined by Western blot analysis. The identifications of lipids and steroid hormones was performed by mass spectrometry. BPA elicited in H-HepG2 oxidative stress and steroid hormones oxidation leading to the formation of metabolite with estrogenic and genotoxic potentials. Silybin ameliorates the harmful BPA-induced effect decreasing glucose uptake and lipid peroxidation. Moreover silybin activates the synthesis of vitamin D3 metabolites and prevent the steroid hormones oxidation. BPA could be considered as an important risk factor in worsening and progression of NAFLD. At the same time silybin could be a valid support to counteract these effects in NASH patients.
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Nomiri S, Hoshyar R, Ambrosino C, Tyler CR, Mansouri B. A mini review of bisphenol A (BPA) effects on cancer-related cellular signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:8459-8467. [PMID: 30712204 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer used widely in many industrial products and is now well established as an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). BPA readily leaches out from these products into the environment and into foodstuffs (from packaging materials) and human exposure can be considerable. Many studies have shown that BPA exposure is associated with a range of chronic human health conditions, including diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, polycystic ovarian disease, hepatotoxicity, and various types of cancer. BPA exerts its effects through deregulating cell signaling pathways associated with cell growth, proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Previous studies on the molecular mechanisms of BPA have illustrated a variety of pathways impaired at very low exposure concentrations and that stimulate cellular responses relating to tumorigenesis both in cancer onset and progression. In this mini review, the recent advancements made through in vitro analyses are reported on for the effect of BPA on various cellular signaling pathways focusing on the signaling pathways that play a major role in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Nomiri
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reyhane Hoshyar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via Port'Arsa 11, 82100, Benevento, Italy
- IRGS, Biogem, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy
- IEOS-CNR, Via Pansini 6, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Borhan Mansouri
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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Ligustrazine promoted hypoxia-treated cell growth by upregulation of miR-135b in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 106:102-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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40
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G-Protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020306. [PMID: 30646517 PMCID: PMC6359026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), an alternate estrogen receptor (ER) with a structure distinct from the two canonical ERs, being ERα, and ERβ, is expressed in 50% to 60% of breast cancer tissues and has been presumed to be associated with the development of tamoxifen resistance in ERα positive breast cancer. On the other hand, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes 15% to 20% of breast cancers and frequently displays a more aggressive behavior. GPER is prevalent and involved in TNBC and can be a therapeutic target. However, contradictory results exist regarding the function of GPER in breast cancer, proliferative or pro-apoptotic. A better understanding of the GPER, its role in breast cancer, and the interactions with the ER and epidermal growth factor receptor will be beneficial for the disease management and prevention in the future.
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Melatonin Improves Oocyte Maturation and Mitochondrial Functions by Reducing Bisphenol A-Derived Superoxide in Porcine Oocytes In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113422. [PMID: 30384504 PMCID: PMC6274783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is synthetic organic compound that exhibits estrogen-like properties and it induces mitochondrial superoxide production. Melatonin (Mela) protects against BPA-mediated cell damage and apoptosis. However, the antioxidative effects of Mela against BPA-induced superoxide production in porcine oocytes are still not known. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative effects of Mela against BPA-derived superoxide on oocyte maturation in pigs. To investigate the effects of the superoxide specific scavenger, Mito-TEMPO, on porcine oocyte maturation in response to BPA exposure apoptosis proteins, we treated the oocytes with Mito-TEMPO (0.1 µM) after pre-treating them with BPA (75 µM) for 22 h. As expected, the reduction in meiotic maturation and cumulus cell expansion of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) in the BPA (75 µM) treated group was recovered (p < 0.01) by treatment with Mito-TEMPO (0.1 µM). An increase in the levels of mitochondrial apoptotic proteins (AIF, cleaved Cas 3 and cleaved Parp1) in response to BPA-induced damage was also reduced by Mito-TEMPO treatment in porcine COCs. Interestingly, we confirmed the positive effects of Mela with respect to superoxide production upon BPA exposure during oocyte maturation and also confirmed the reduction in mitochondrial apoptosis in Mela (0.1 µM)-treated porcine COCs. These results provide evidence for the first time that antioxidative effects of Mela on BPA-derived superoxide improve porcine oocyte maturation.
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Li L, Huizhi L, Binu W, Xinxin D, Longjun W, Liping Y, Yingying Z. Anticancer Activity of Mukonal Against Human Laryngeal Cancer Cells Involves Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Inhibition of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK Signalling Pathways. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7295-7302. [PMID: 30312287 PMCID: PMC6195788 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laryngeal cancer is one of the major malignancies of the neck and head and is responsible for considerable mortality across the globe. The treatments for laryngeal cancer mainly involve surgical interventions followed by chemotherapy. However, due to unsatisfactory results, constant relapses and the adverse effects associated with the currently used drugs, there is pressing need to develop effective drug options for treatment of laryngeal cancer. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the anticancer effects of a plant-derived alkaloid, Mukonal, against human AMC-HN-8 laryngeal cancer cells. Material/Methods The WST-1 and clonogenic assays were employed to determine the cell viability. Apoptosis was detected by Hoechst and AO/EB staining. Cell migration and cell cycle analysis was performed by Transwell assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Protein expression was examined by Western blotting. Results The results revealed that Mukonal reduced the viability of laryngeal cancer cells dose-dependently. The IC50 of Mukonal was found to be 10 μM. However, the effects of Mukonal on the normal HuLa-PC cells was found to be 140 μM. The decrease in the viability of the AMC-HN-8 laryngeal cancer cells was found to be due to the induction of apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Mukonal also suppressed the cell migration and of the AMC-HN-8 laryngeal cancer cells. Mukonal could also inhibit the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signalling pathways in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions Taken together, we conclude that Mukonal could prove a beneficial lead molecule for the treatment of laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Li
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Lu Huizhi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Wang Binu
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Deng Xinxin
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Wu Longjun
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Liping
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Zhang Yingying
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Tongren Hospital of WuHan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Urriola-Muñoz P, Lagos-Cabré R, Patiño-García D, Reyes JG, Moreno RD. Bisphenol-A and Nonylphenol Induce Apoptosis in Reproductive Tract Cancer Cell Lines by the Activation of ADAM17. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082238. [PMID: 30065191 PMCID: PMC6121659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disruptor chemicals (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA) and nonylphenol (NP), have been widely studied due to their negative effects on human and wildlife reproduction. Exposure to BPA or NP is related to cell death, hormonal deregulation, and cancer onset. Our previous studies showed that both compounds induce A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) activation. Here, we show that BPA and NP induce apoptosis in prostate and ovary cancer cell lines, in a process dependent on ADAM17 activation. ADAM17 knockdown completely prevented apoptosis as well as the shedding of ADAM17 substrates. Both compounds were found to induce an increase in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) only in Ca2+-containing medium, with the NP-treated cells response being more robust than those treated with BPA. Additionally, using a phosphorylated protein microarray, we found that both compounds stimulate common intracellular pathways related to cell growth, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. These results suggest that BPA and NP could induce apoptosis through ADAM17 by activating different intracellular signaling pathways that may converge in different cellular responses, one of which is apoptosis. These results confirm the capacity of these compounds to induce cell apoptosis in cancer cell lines and uncover ADAM17 as a key regulator of this process in response to EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Urriola-Muñoz
- Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Raúl Lagos-Cabré
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Daniel Patiño-García
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Juan G Reyes
- Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Ricardo D Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
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Yaguchi T. The endocrine disruptor bisphenol A promotes nuclear ERRγ translocation, facilitating cell proliferation of Grade I endometrial cancer cells via EGF-dependent and EGF-independent pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 452:41-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ji Y, Sun Q, Zhang J, Hu H. MiR-615 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting EGFR in human glioblastoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:719-726. [PMID: 29605294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MiR-615 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are associated with a number of disease processes and pathogenesis. However, little is known about the mechanisms of miR-615 and EGFR in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Here, we found that down-regulation of miR-615 expression occurred in GBM tissues and cells, and was inversely correlated with overall survival, relapse-free survival, WHO grade as well as EGFR expression. We further determined that miR-615 functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting GBM cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion, and promoting cell apoptosis. In-vivo assay validated the inhibition effect of miR-615 on tumor growth and EGFR expression. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-615 targeted the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of EGFR. Besides, over-expression of EGFR reversed the inhibition effects of miR-615, while silencing of EGFR aggravated these inhibition effects. In conclusions, we identified that miR-615 plays a tumor suppressor role in GBM cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting EGFR expression, and miR-615 may act as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis or therapeutic targets of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, No.12, Central Wuying Hill Road, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Qingshan Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, No.12, Central Wuying Hill Road, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, No.12, Central Wuying Hill Road, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Haoran Hu
- Department of Gerontology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, No.12, Central Wuying Hill Road, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China.
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Di Zazzo E, Galasso G, Giovannelli P, Di Donato M, Castoria G. Estrogens and Their Receptors in Prostate Cancer: Therapeutic Implications. Front Oncol 2018; 8:2. [PMID: 29404276 PMCID: PMC5778111 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in clinical management of prostate cancer (PC) is to limit tumor growth and prevent metastatic spreading. Considerable efforts have been made to discover new compounds for PC therapy and recent years have seen promising progress in this field. Pharmacological approaches have been designed to achieve benefits in PC treatment and avoid the negative side effects resulting from administration of antagonists or agonists or new drugs. Nonetheless, the currently available therapies frequently induce resistance and PC progresses toward castration-resistant forms that can be caused by the androgen receptor reactivation and/or mutations, or derangement of signaling pathways. Preclinical and clinical findings have also shown that other nuclear receptors are frequently altered in PC. In this review, we focus on the role of estradiol/estradiol receptor (ER) axis, which controls PC growth and progression. Selective targeting of ER subtypes (α or β) may be an attractive way to limit the growth and spreading of prostatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Galasso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Pia Giovannelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marzia Di Donato
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Castoria
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Maradonna F, Carnevali O. Lipid Metabolism Alteration by Endocrine Disruptors in Animal Models: An Overview. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:654. [PMID: 30467492 PMCID: PMC6236061 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to potential Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) pose a documented risk to both wildlife and human health. Many studies so far described declining sperm counts, genital malformations, early puberty onset, highlighting the negative impact on reproduction caused by the exposure to many anthropogenic chemicals. In the last years, increasing evidence suggested that these compounds, other than altering reproduction, affect metabolism and induce the onset of obesity and metabolic disorders. According to the "environmental obesogens" hypothesis, evidence exists that exposure to potential EDCs during critical periods when adipocytes are differentiating, and organs are developing, can induce diseases that manifest later in the life. This review summarizes the effects occurring at the hepatic level in different animal models, describing morphological alterations and changes of molecular pathways elicited by the toxicant exposure. Results currently available demonstrated that these chemicals impair normal metabolic processes via interaction with members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, including steroid hormone receptors, thyroid hormone receptors, retinoid X receptors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, liver X receptors, and farnesoid X receptors. In addition, novel results revealed that EDC exposure can either affect circadian rhythms as well as up-regulate the expression of signals belonging to the endocannabinoid system, in both cases leading to a remarkable increase of lipid accumulation. These results warrant further research and increase the interest toward the identification of new mechanisms for EDC metabolic alterations. The last part of this review article condenses recent evidences on the ability of potential EDCs to cause "transgenerational effects" by a single prenatal or early life exposure. On this regard, there is compelling evidence that epigenetic modifications link developmental environmental insults to adult disease susceptibility. This review will contribute to summarize the mechanisms underlying the insurgence of EDC-induced metabolic alterations as well as to build integrated strategies for their better management. In fact, despite the large number of results obtained so far, there is still a great demand for the development of frameworks that can integrate mechanistic and toxicological/epidemiological observations. This would increase legal and governmental institution awareness on this critical environmental issue responsible for negative consequences in both wild species and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Maradonna
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- INBB Consorzio Interuniversitario di Biosistemi e Biostrutture, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesca Maradonna
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- INBB Consorzio Interuniversitario di Biosistemi e Biostrutture, Rome, Italy
- Oliana Carnevali
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