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González-Borja I, Alors-Pérez E, Amat I, Alonso L, Viyuela-García C, Goñi S, Reyes JC, Ceballos-Chávez M, Hernández-García I, Sánchez-Frías ME, Santamaría E, Razquin S, Arjona-Sánchez Á, Arrazubi V, Pérez-Sanz J, Vera R, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Castaño JP, Viúdez A. Deciphering CHFR Role in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:720128. [PMID: 34869418 PMCID: PMC8639583 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.720128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint with forkhead-associated and ring finger domains (CHFR) has been proposed as a predictive and prognosis biomarker for different tumor types, but its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unknown. The aim of this study was two-pronged: to review the role of CHFR in PDAC and evaluating CHFR as a potential predictive biomarker in this disease. For this purpose, we first explored the CHFR messenger (m)RNA expression and promoter methylation through the TCGA database. Secondly, the CHFR expression and promoter methylation were prospectively evaluated in a cohort of patients diagnosed with borderline (n = 19) or resectable (n = 16) PDAC by immunohistochemistry (IHC), methylation specific-PCR (MSP), and pyrosequencing. The results from the TCGA database showed significant differences in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) based on the CHFR mRNA expression, which was likely independent from the promoter methylation. Importantly, our results showed that in primarily resected patients and also the entire cohort, a higher CHFR expression as indicated by the higher IHC staining intensity might identify patients with longer disease-free survival (DFS) and OS, respectively. Similarly, in the same cohorts, patients with lower methylation levels by pyrosequencing showed significantly longer OS than patients without this pattern. Both, the CHFR expression intensity and its promoter methylation were established as independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS in the entire cohort. In contrast, no significant differences were found between different methylation patterns for CHFR and the response to taxane-based neoadjuvant treatment. These results suggest the potential role of the higher expression of CHFR and the methylation pattern of its promoter as potential prognostic biomarkers in PDAC, thus warranting further comprehensive studies to extend and confirm our preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iranzu González-Borja
- OncobionaTras Lab, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Emilia Alors-Pérez
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Irene Amat
- Pathology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Alonso
- Pathology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Viyuela-García
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Surgery Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Saioa Goñi
- OncobionaTras Lab, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José C Reyes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - María Ceballos-Chávez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Marina E Sánchez-Frías
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Pathology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteomics Platform, Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Socorro Razquin
- Pathology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Arjona-Sánchez
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Surgery Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Virginia Arrazubi
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jairo Pérez-Sanz
- OncobionaTras Lab, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruth Vera
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Proteomics Platform, Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Viúdez
- OncobionaTras Lab, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Medical Affairs Services, ICON plc, North Wales, PA, United States
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Maekawa H, Ito T, Orita H, Kushida T, Sakurada M, Sato K, Hulbert A, Brock MV. Analysis of the methylation of CpG islands in the CDO1, TAC1 and CHFR genes in pancreatic ductal cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2197-2204. [PMID: 32194717 PMCID: PMC7039134 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
No difference in the gene methylation status of tumor-suppression genes between pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancer tissues is observed. The present study investigated whether the promoter CpG islands of the cysteine dioxygenase 1 (CDO1), tachykinin precursor 1 (TAC1) and checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains (CHFR) genes were methylated in pancreatic cancer and adjacent non-cancerous pancreatic tissue in order to determine if they could be considered as markers for the detection of pancreatic cancer. A total of 38 Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues and their adjacent non-cancerous specimens from patients with pancreatic cancer, as well as 9 non-cancerous pancreatic samples from patients without pancreatic adenocarcinoma were obtained following surgical resection. The hypermethylation of CpG islands was detected using a methylation-specific quantitative PCR. The methylation values were calculated using the ∆Cq method and were expressed as 2−ΔCq. The 2−ΔCq value of the CDO1 promoter from pancreatic adenocarcinoma specimens was significantly higher compared with that of adjacent non-cancerous and tumor-free pancreatic tissues (P<0.0001 and P=0.0008, respectively). The 2−ΔCq value of the TAC1 promoter of pancreatic adenocarcinoma was also significantly higher compared with that of adjacent non-cancerous tissues and tumor-free pancreatic samples (both P<0.0001). However, there was no significant difference in the 2−ΔCq value of the CHFR promoter among the pancreatic cancer, adjacent non-cancer tissue and tumor-free pancreatic samples. Furthermore, 12 out of the 38 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases (31.6%) presented some methylation in the CHFR promoter. The results from Kaplan-Meier analysis between CHFR promoter methylation values and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma demonstrated that CHFR promoter methylation was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. The methylation values of CDO1 and TAC1 promoters in cancer tissues were higher compared with adjacent tissues. However, whether hypermethylation of CDO1 and TAC1 promoters may serve as a biomarker in the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Maekawa
- Department of Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2295, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ito
- Department of Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2295, Japan.,Department of Surgery, The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Hajime Orita
- Department of Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2295, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kushida
- Department of Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2295, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Sakurada
- Department of Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2295, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- Department of Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2295, Japan
| | - Alicia Hulbert
- Department of Surgery, The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Malcolm V Brock
- Department of Surgery, The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Yang S, He F, Dai M, Pan J, Wang J, Ye B. CHFR promotes the migration of human gastric cancer cells by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in a HDAC1-dependent manner. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1075-1084. [PMID: 30799937 PMCID: PMC6369853 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s191016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have illustrated that checkpoint with forkhead-associated and ring finger domains (CHFR) was frequently silenced in several cancer types due to promoter hypermethylation and functions as a tumor suppressor gene. However, the data from the public dataset reveal that CHFR is highly expressed in human gastric cancer specimens, and the biological function of CHFR in gastric cancer is still not well understood. Materials and methods The clinical association between CHFR expression and the overall survival of gastric cancer patients as well as cancer metastasis was analyzed according to public datasets. The CHFR expression in clinical specimens and human gastric cancer cell lines was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, respectively. Gain (overexpression) and loss (silencing) of function experiments were used to elucidate the role of CHFR in gastric cancer. The migration ability of gastric cancer cells was determined by wound healing and transwell assays. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting experiment. The expression of the proteins in cancer cells was measured using Western blot analysis. Results According to the analysis from Kaplan–Meier plotter dataset, CHFR expression was negatively associated with overall survival of gastric cancer patients. Our data revealed that exogenous expression of CHFR not only arrested cell cycle but also led to dramatically enhanced cell migration, while silencing of CHFR significantly inhibited cell migration in gastric cancer cells. This result is consistent with the data from the Human Cancer Metastasis Dataset, in which CHFR level is found to significantly increase in metastatic gastric cancer. The overexpression of CHFR promoted epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in both SGC-7901 and AGS cells, while HDAC1 was inhibited. Interestingly, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, a HDAC1 antagonist, could effectively increase cell migration in both cell lines via enhancement of EMT. Conclusion Our data indicated that CHFR exerted positive effects on cell migration of human gastric cancer by promoting EMT via downregulating HDAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwen Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Feiyun He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Chinese Medicine Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mugen Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Jundi Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Bin Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China,
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