1
|
Mirzayans R. Changing the Landscape of Solid Tumor Therapy from Apoptosis-Promoting to Apoptosis-Inhibiting Strategies. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5379-5396. [PMID: 38920994 PMCID: PMC11202608 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The many limitations of implementing anticancer strategies under the term "precision oncology" have been extensively discussed. While some authors propose promising future directions, others are less optimistic and use phrases such as illusion, hype, and false hypotheses. The reality is revealed by practicing clinicians and cancer patients in various online publications, one of which has stated that "in the quest for the next cancer cure, few researchers bother to look back at the graveyard of failed medicines to figure out what went wrong". The message is clear: Novel therapeutic strategies with catchy names (e.g., synthetic "lethality") have not fulfilled their promises despite decades of extensive research and clinical trials. The main purpose of this review is to discuss key challenges in solid tumor therapy that surprisingly continue to be overlooked by the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) and numerous other authors. These challenges include: The impact of chemotherapy-induced genome chaos (e.g., multinucleation) on resistance and relapse, oncogenic function of caspase 3, cancer cell anastasis (recovery from late stages of apoptosis), and pitfalls of ubiquitously used preclinical chemosensitivity assays (e.g., cell "viability" and tumor growth delay studies in live animals) that score such pro-survival responses as "lethal" events. The studies outlined herein underscore the need for new directions in the management of solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razmik Mirzayans
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nanev V, Milev H, Dimitrova D, Naneva S, Strashilov SA, Yordanov A, Mihailova M, Ivanova S, Karcheva M, Ivanov I. Evaluation of cleaved caspase-3 and Ki-67 index on diagnostic biopsy in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the context of post-treatment tumour ypT stage, ypN stage, grade, and molecular subtype. PRZEGLAD MENOPAUZALNY = MENOPAUSE REVIEW 2024; 23:31-40. [PMID: 38690065 PMCID: PMC11056723 DOI: 10.5114/pm.2024.136962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Breast carcinoma is a heterogeneous disease, characterised by diverse clinical behaviour. The aim of this study was to assess how cleaved caspase-3 and Ki-67 index, evaluated on diagnostic biopsy, are related to response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the context of molecular subtype, post-treatment tumour, N category, and grade. Material and methods A retrospective analysis was carried out among 110 breast cancer patients. Ki-67 levels and caspase-3 expression on diagnostic biopsy were explored regarding their relation to tumour grade and molecular subtype, ypT, ypN categories, and T and N categories according to Sataloff tumour response evaluation. Results A statistically significant relationship was found between Ki-67 levels and tumour grade K-W = 24.2932, p < 0.0001; molecular subtype K-W = 28.5439, p < 0.00000967538; size and invasion of the primary tumour after neoadjuvant chemotherapy K-W = 11.7944, p < 0.0377169; caspase-3 expression after neoadjuvant therapy, evaluated according to the Sataloff classification χ2 = 5.97, df = 1, p = 0.0145. Discussion No significant difference was found between Ki-67 expression in patients with pathological complete response, compared to those with partial and no response, a statistically significant difference in cases with different molecular subtype, histology grade, and tumour stage after neoadjuvant therapy. Cleaved caspase-3-positive breast cancer cases are often better responders to neoadjuvant therapy, but with no significant correlation to molecular subtype, high-grade categories, or tumour stage. Conclusions The caspase-3 and Ki-67 index on diagnostic biopsy are related to post-neoadjuvant treatment prognostic factors (ypT stage, grade), proving them useful for prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant therapy and further patient management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasil Nanev
- Medical University of Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ivan Ivanov
- Medical University of Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumar R, Bhardwaj P, Soni M, Singh R, Choudhary S, Virmani N, Asrani RK, Patial V, Sharma D, Gupta VK, Tripathi BN. Modulation of mammary tumour progression using murine model by ethanol root extract of Saussurea costus (falc.) lipsch. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117302. [PMID: 37858751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Breast cancer is a major cause of death among human females across the globe. The anti-neoplastic agents or therapies used for the treatment of cancers can enhance longevity but are subsequently observed to deteriorate the quality of life due to the extensive side effects produced. Saussurea costus is a potential medicinal plant of the Himalayas with noticeable ethnopharmacological properties. The phytochemicals present in Saussurea costus are responsible for anti-carcinogenic potential and warranted nil or minimal side effects of Saussurea costus and directed to use this plant as a preventive or therapeutic drug candidate against cancers. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was planned to evaluate the anti-neoplastic activity of Saussurea costus root extract (SL) in rat mammary tumour model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-neoplastic activity of SL root extract at 3 different doses (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg BW) for 18 weeks against 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumours in Sprague Dawley (SD) female rats was analyzed through serum biochemistry (ALT, AST, ALP, Total protein, Creatinine and BUN), oxidative stress parameters (Lipid peroxidation, Catalase and Reduced glutathione), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and NF-κB), immunohistochemical markers (Ki-67, MMP-9 and VEGF), real-time PCR (PCNA, p53, bax, bcl-2 and caspase-3, genes) and molecular docking. RESULTS Inhibition of tumour parameters, minimal alteration in the liver (ALT, AST and ALP) and kidney enzymes (Creatinine and BUN), decreased activity of MDA, elevated levels of GSH and catalase, reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines i.e. TNF-α and NF-κB, reduced gross and histomorphological changes, declined expression of Ki-67, MMP-9 and VEGF in vivo rat model, mRNA expression of cancer-related genes and docking of dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide with NF-κB and TNF-α demonstrated the chemopreventive action of SL root extract. CONCLUSIONS The in-vivo trial elucidates anti-neoplastic activity of Saussurea costus root extract as demonstrated through the reduction of biochemical indices, oxidative stress parameters, histological changes, pro-inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB and TNF-α), cellular proliferation (Ki-67), metastases (MMP-9) and neovascularization (VEGF) markers with highest anti-neoplastic effect of SL extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. Therefore, the present study signifies the need to use the active principles present in the root extract of Saussurea costus against breast cancer as a therapeutic regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India.
| | - Pallavi Bhardwaj
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - Mridul Soni
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - Sahil Choudhary
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - Nitin Virmani
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Equines, Sirsa Road, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - R K Asrani
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - Vikram Patial
- Division of Dietetics and Nutrition Technology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
| | - Dixit Sharma
- Department of Animal Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Sahpur, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - V K Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Dr. G.C Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
| | - B N Tripathi
- Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST) of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180009, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ibrahim BA, Hegazy AA, Gobran MA, Zaitoun MA, Elmigdadi F, El-Gindy GA, Alashkar EM, Omar WE. Expression of microRNAs ‘let-7d and miR-195’ and Apoptotic Genes ‘BCL2 and Caspase-3’ as Potential Biomarkers of Female Breast Carcinogenesis. BIOMEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 16:2299-2313. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Let-7d and microRNA-195 (miR-195) are members of microRNAs that are known tumor suppressors and are involved in the regulation of apoptosis, invasion, and other cellular functions. However, the roles of these microRNAs in BC progression remain controversial. This study aimed to explore the correlation between the expression of let-7d and miR-195 and apoptosis-related genes (ARGs) “B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and caspase-3 (CASP3)” as potential biomarkers of breast carcinogenesis. Methods: It was a retrospective case-control study in which expression of let-7d, miR-195, CASP3, and BCL2 was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR); and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to determine expression of BCL2 and CASP3 in BC tissue versus normal breast tissue (NT) samples. Results: The expression of let-7d and miR-195 was significantly reduced within BC tissues compared to NT (P: < 0.0001); and there was a statically positive correlation between them (r=0.314, P: 0.005). They have also been correlated to biomarkers’ expression of genes related to apoptosis. There was a statistically significant positive association between CASP3, and both let-7d, and miR-195 relative gene expression (r=0.713, P: <0.0001 and r=0.236, P: 0.03, respectively). In contrast, there was a statistically significant negative association between the relative gene expression of BCL2, with let-7d, and miR-195 (r=-0.221, P: 0.04 and r=-0.311, P: 0.005, respectively). Conclusion: Let-7d and miR-195 have been suggested to be involved in BC through modulation of the ARGs including BCL2 and CASP3. The qRT-PCR and IHC studies demonstrated that decreased expression of let-7d and miR-195 prohibits apoptosis via downregulating CASP3 and increasing BCL2 expressions promoting BC progression. These results also hypothesize that let-7d and miR-195 along with apoptotic biomarkers (BCL2 and CASP3) can be used in the future to introduce novel, non-invasive molecular biomarkers for BC into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Basma A. Ibrahim
- 1Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City 44519, Egypt
| | - Abdelmonem Awad Hegazy
- 2Basic Medical and Dental Sciences Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa City 13110, Jordan
| | - Mai Ahmed Gobran
- 4Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City 44519, Egypt
| | | | - Fayig Elmigdadi
- 2Basic Medical and Dental Sciences Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa City 13110, Jordan
| | - Gehane A. El-Gindy
- 6Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Alkarak 61710, Jordan
| | - Elsayed M. Alashkar
- 8Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11765, Egypt
| | - Walaa E. Omar
- 1Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City 44519, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Elgun T, Yurttas AG, Cinar K, Ozcelik S, Gul A. Effect of aza-BODIPY-photodynamic therapy on the expression of carcinoma-associated genes and cell death mode. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103849. [PMID: 37863378 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide.Photodynamic therapy(PDT) has now proven to be a promising form of cancer therapy due to its targeted and low cytotoxicity to healthy cells and tissues.PDT is a technique used to create cell death localized by light after application of a light-sensitive agent.Aza-BODIPY is a promising photosensitizer for use in PDT. Our results showed that aza-BODIPY-PDT induced apoptosis, probably through p53 and caspase3 in MCF-7 cells. Future studies should delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying aza-BODIPY-PDT-induced cell death for a better understanding of the signaling pathways modulated by the therapy so that this novel technology could be implemented in the clinic for treating breast cancer. AIM In this study,we aimed to determine the change in the expression levels of 88 carcinoma-associated genes induced by aza-BODIPY-PDT were analyzed so as to understand the specific pathways that are modulated by aza-BODIPY-PDT. MATERIAL METHOD In this study,the molecular basis of the anti-cancer activity of aza-BODIPY-PDT was investigated.Induction of apoptosis and necrosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells after treatment with aza- BODIPY derivative with phthalonitrile substituents (aza-BODIPY) followed by light exposure was evaluated by Annexin V 7- Aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) flow cytometry. RESULTS Aza-BODIPY-PDT induced cell death in MCF-7 cells treated with aza-BODIPY-PDT; flow cytometry revealed that 28 % of the cells died by apoptosis. Seven of the 88 carcinoma-associated genes that were assayed were differentially expressed -EGF, LEF1, WNT1, TCF7, and TGFBR2 were downregulated, and CASP3 and TP53 were upregulated - in cells subjected to aza-BODIPY-PDT.This made us think that the aza-BODIPY-PDT induced caspase 3 and p53-mediated apoptosis in MCF7 cells. CONCLUSION In our study,it was determined that the application of aza-BODIPY-PDT to MCF7 cells had a negative effect on cell connectivity and cell cycle.The fact that the same effect was not observed in control cells and MCF7 cells in the dark field of aza-BODIPY indicates that aza-BODIPY has a strong phodynamic anticancer effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Elgun
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asiye Gok Yurttas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Kamil Cinar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gebze Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sennur Ozcelik
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gul
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dou H, Yu PY, Liu YQ, Zhu Y, Li FC, Wang YY, Chen XY, Xiao M. Recent advances in caspase-3, breast cancer, and traditional Chinese medicine: a review. J Chemother 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37936479 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2278014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Caspases (cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinases) are a group of structurally similar proteases in the cytoplasm that can be involved in cell differentiation, programmed death, proliferation, and inflammatory generation. Experts have found that caspase-3 can serve as a terminal splicing enzyme in apoptosis and participate in the mechanism by which cytotoxic drugs kill cancer cells. Breast cancer (BC) has become the most common cancer among women worldwide, posing a severe threat to their lives. Finding new therapeutic targets for BC is the primary task of contemporary physicians. Numerous studies have revealed the close association between caspase-3 expression and BC. Caspase-3 is essential in BC's occurrence, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, Caspase-3 exerts anticancer effects by regulating cell death mechanisms. Traditional Chinese medicine acting through caspase-3 expression is increasingly used in clinical treatment. This review summarizes the biological mechanism of caspase-3 and research progress on BC. It introduces a variety of traditional Chinese medicine related to caspase-3 to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Dou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qi Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Fu Cheng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - You Yu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Xing Yan Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Banjarnahor CTU, Hardiany NS, Wahjoepramono EJ, Hariyanto AD, Sadikin M. High concentration of γ‑H2AX correlates with a marker of apoptotic suppression and PI3K/Akt pathway upregulation in glioblastoma multiforme. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:149. [PMID: 36936016 PMCID: PMC10018643 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a very aggressive type of primary brain tumor in adults with a poor prognosis. DNA double-strand breaks are known to be associated with the development of numerous cancer types due to their ability to generate genomic instabilities. In GBM, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is a common pathway that can be activated by exogenous and endogenous factors. Genomic instability may be an endogenous stimulating factor for activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, which may inhibit the apoptosis of GBM cells. Spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks play an essential role in the survival of GBM cells, and apoptosis levels may reflect survival ability. However, no study has yet been conducted to analyse the association between spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in patients with GBM prior to treatment. Therefore, the present study examined the concentrations of γ-histone 2AX (γ-H2AX), a sensitive marker of spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks, and cleaved caspase-3, a marker of apoptosis, in patients with GBM. The correlation of γ-H2AX with cleaved caspase-3, PI3K and Akt was also investigated. A total of 26 pre-treatment tumor tissue specimens from patient with GBM were analyzed to determine the concentrations of γ-H2AX, PI3K, Akt and cleaved caspase-3 using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The results showed a moderate positive correlation between γ-H2AX and PI3K (r=0.52; P=0.007), a moderate positive correlation between γ-H2AX and Akt (r=0.4; P=0.041) and a strong negative correlation between γ-H2AX and cleaved caspase-3 (r=-0.61; P=0.0009). These analyses were also performed in seven tumor tissue specimens from patients with grade I glioma as controls, but no significant correlations were detected. The findings of the present study suggest that a high level of γ-H2AX may affect GBM cell apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Tiarma Ully Banjarnahor
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang-Banten 15810, Indonesia
- Dr Christine Tiarma Ully Banjarnahor, Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, 6 Salemba Raya, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia, E-mail:
| | - Novi Silvia Hardiany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Correspondence to: Dr Novi Silvia Hardiany, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, 6 Salemba Raya, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia, E-mail:
| | - Eka Julianta Wahjoepramono
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan-Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village, Tangerang, Banten 15810, Indonesia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mochtar Riady Comprehensive Cancer Center Siloam Hospitals, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | | | - Mohamad Sadikin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun L, Yao C, Li X, Wang Y, Wang R, Wang M, Liu Q, Montell DJ, Shao C, Gong Y, Sun G. Anastasis confers ovarian cancer cells increased malignancy through elevated p38 MAPK activation. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:809-824. [PMID: 36447048 PMCID: PMC9984481 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of executioner caspases was once considered as a point of no return in apoptosis. However, in recent years, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that cells can survive executioner caspase activation in response to apoptotic stimuli through a process called anastasis. In this study, we developed a reporter system, mCasExpress, to track mammalian cells that survive executioner caspase activation. We demonstrate that anastatic ovarian cancer cells acquire enhanced migration following their transient exposure to apoptotic stimulus TRAIL or Paclitaxel. Moreover, anastatic cancer cells secrete more pro-angiogenic factors that enable tumor angiogenesis, growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that activation of p38 MAPK, which occurs in a caspase-dependent manner in response to apoptotic stress to promote anastasis, persists at a higher level in anastatic cancer cells even after removal of apoptotic stimuli. Importantly, p38 is essential for the elevated migratory and angiogenic capacity in the anastatic cells. Our work unveils anastasis as a potential driver of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Yao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Molin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Denise J Montell
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Changshun Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Gongping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thakur B, Saha L, Bhatia A. Relative refractoriness of breast cancer cells to tumour necrosis factor-α induced necroptosis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:1294-1306. [PMID: 36054417 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a recently identified programmed cell death pathway, has attracted attention as an alternative route to target apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. The status of the necroptosis pathway in different subtypes of breast cancer has not been well explored. Stimulating the cells by TNF-α can trigger cell survival or death depending on the combination of downstream players involved. In this work, we attempted to induce necroptosis in them using a combination of TNF-α and Z-VAD-FMK with and without chemotherapy. Cell viability, apoptosis, and necroptosis were assessed using MTT and Annexin-V/PI assays, respectively. Gene and protein expression was analysed by qPCR and immunophenotyping. Both the cell lines were resistant to induction of cell death by necroptosis. There was no enhancement in cell death when chemotherapeutic drugs were combined with necroptosis induction. Expression studies showed reduced translational expression of key necroptosis molecules like RIP kinases and MLKL in breast cancer cells compared to positive control cell line L929. Also, cell survival molecules were expressed more in MDA-MB-231 in contrast to death pathway molecules which were expressed more in T47D cells. In this work, the two breast cancer cell lines were observed to be resistant to TNF-α induced necroptosis with or without chemotherapy. Expression of key necroptosis players revealed relative insufficiency of the molecular machinery involved in the above pathway. In our opinion this may be the cause for resistance to necroptosis and novel strategies to upregulate these molecules need to be developed to sensitize the breast cancer cells towards cell death by necroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banita Thakur
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Lekha Saha
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen G, Wang M, Zhu P, Wang G, Hu T. Adverse effects of SYP-3343 on zebrafish development via ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129382. [PMID: 35749898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As a newly-invented and highly-efficiency strobilurin fungicide, pyraoxystrobin (SYP-3343) has been recognized as a highly poisonous toxin for a variety of aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, the developmental toxicity and potential mechanism of SYP-3343 have not been well-documented. The results showed that SYP-3343 was relatively stable and maintained within the range of 20 % in 24 h, and the LC50 value to embryos at 72 hpf was 17.13 μg/L. The zebrafish embryotoxicity induced by 1, 2, 4, and 8 μg/L SYP-3343 is demonstrated by repressive embryo incubation, enhancive mortality rate, abnormal heart rate, malformed morphological characteristic, and impaired spontaneous coiling, indicating SYP-3343 mostly exerted its toxicity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Besides SYP-3343 was critically involved in regulating cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species production as well as zebrafish primary cells apoptosis, which can be mitigated using antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine. A significant change occurred in total protein content, the biochemical indices, and antioxidant capacities owing to SYP-3343 exposure. Additionally, SYP-3343 altered the mRNA levels of heart development-, mitochondrial function-, and apoptosis-related genes in zebrafish embryos. These results indicated that SYP-3343 induced apoptosis accompanying reactive oxygen species-initiated mitochondrial dysfunction in zebrafish embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Panpan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jeibouei S, Hojat A, Mostafavi E, Aref AR, Kalbasi A, Niazi V, Ajoudanian M, Mohammadi F, Saadati F, Javadi SM, Shams F, Moghaddam M, Karami F, Sharifi K, Moradian F, Akbari ME, Zali H. Radiobiological effects of wound fluid on breast cancer cell lines and human-derived tumor spheroids in 2D and microfluidic culture. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7668. [PMID: 35538133 PMCID: PMC9091274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) could abrogate cancer recurrences, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. To clarify the effects of IORT-induced wound fluid on tumor progression, we treated breast cancer cell lines and human-derived tumor spheroids in 2D and microfluidic cell culture systems, respectively. The viability, migration, and invasion of the cells under treatment of IORT-induced wound fluid (WF-RT) and the cells under surgery-induced wound fluid (WF) were compared. Our findings showed that cell viability was increased in spheroids under both WF treatments, whereas viability of the cell lines depended on the type of cells and incubation times. Both WFs significantly increased sub-G1 and arrested the cells in G0/G1 phases associated with increased P16 and P21 expression levels. The expression level of Caspase 3 in both cell culture systems and for both WF-treated groups was significantly increased. Furthermore, our results revealed that although the migration was increased in both systems of WF-treated cells compared to cell culture media-treated cells, E-cadherin expression was significantly increased only in the WF-RT group. In conclusion, WF-RT could not effectively inhibit tumor progression in an ex vivo tumor-on-chip model. Moreover, our data suggest that a microfluidic system could be a suitable 3D system to mimic in vivo tumor conditions than 2D cell culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Jeibouei
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hojat
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences Inc., 6 Tide street, Boston, USA.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vahid Niazi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ajoudanian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Saadati
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Seyed Mohammadreza Javadi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Forough Shams
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Moghaddam
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Karami
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Sharifi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Moradian
- Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hakimeh Zali
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hossain SL, Mathews M, Bhyranalyar Nagarajappa VS, Kumar BK, Veerappa Yelamaggad CV, Singh CR. Antiproliferative, apoptosis-inducing activity and molecular docking studies of sydnones compounds. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 18:681-690. [PMID: 34708812 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1614_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the antiproliferative and apoptosis inducing activity of different sydnones on cancer cell lines and their interaction with cancer proteins by molecular docking studies. Material and Methods Antiproliferative activity was carried out by MTT assay and apoptosis inducing activity was performed by DAPI and Annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Molecular docking studies were performed using AutoDock Tools 1.5.6. Pharmacokinetics properties like ADME and toxicity were analysed by pkCSM web server. Result In this study, four new sydnone compounds 3-(4-nonylbiphenyl-4'-yl) sydnone (MC-182), 3-(4-propylbiphenyl-4'-yl) sydnone (MC-454), 3-(4-hexylbiphenyl-4'-yl) sydnone (MC-433), and 3-(4-methylbiphenyl-4'-yl) sydnone (MC-431) were screened for antiproliferative and apoptotic effect against BT-474 (human breast cancer), HeLa (human cervical cancer) and Jurkat (human myeloid leukemia) Mostly, all the sydnone compounds exhibited decent antiproliferative effectiveness, but compound MC-431, MC-433, and MC-454 showed more antiproliferative activity (IC50 1.71, 10.09 and 2.87 μM against BT-474, Hela and Jurkat cell line, respectively). The changes of morphological characteristics of cancer cells determined by staining techniques indicate the apoptotic cell death. The molecular docking and interaction studies were carried out between sydnones with cancer proteins (epidermal growth factor domain receptor tyrosine kinase [EGF-TK], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α] and Caspase3. Among all four sydnone molecules, two compounds MC-454 and MC-431 showed good binding energy with targeted proteins. Drug-like property was predicted by ADME toxicity study. Conclusion The results indicate sydnone compounds were found to exhibit anticancer activity by inducing apoptosis. The molecular docking study of sydnones with cancer proteins showed a decent interaction affinity. The results of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity studies by the Insilco approach also proved that MC-454 sydnone showed better In-Vivo administration. Thus, the current research work indicates that these sydnone compounds would be prospective in developing anticancer medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Lidia Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Manoj Mathews
- Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | | | - B Kiran Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, S.E.A. College, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - C Rajendra Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aboalsoud RAHED, Arida EAM, Sabry LAA, Elmolla AF, Mohammad Ghoneim HED. The effect of opioid free versus opioid based anaesthesia on breast cancer pain score and immune response. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/11101849.2021.1983366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ahmed Fawzy Elmolla
- Anaesthesia and Pain Management Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Aisyah S, Handharyani E, Bermawie N, Setiyono A. Effects of ethanol extract of curry leaves ( Murraya koenigii) on HER2 and caspase-3 expression in rat model mammary carcinoma. Vet World 2021; 14:1988-1994. [PMID: 34566312 PMCID: PMC8448650 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1988-1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/erbB2/neu) is a prognostic factor and biomarker for detecting mammary tumor malignancy. Leaves of curry (Murraya koenigii) contain alkaloid, flavonoid, and phenolic compounds that can be cytotoxic to tumor cells. Caspase-3 is an indicator of apoptosis in tumor cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of curry leaf extract on the expression of HER2 and caspase-3 in mammary tumor through immunohistochemical analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty five Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups: negative control of tumor (P1), positive control of tumor (P2), tumor therapy with methotrexate (P3), and curry leaf extract doses of 300 and 400 mg/kg body weight/BW after tumor formation (P4, P5), and before tumor formation (P6, P7). Thirty rats of six groups were injected subcutaneously into the mammary glands with 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)-anthracene DMBA) twice within 2 weeks for mammary tumor formation. At the end of the treatments, the rats were euthanized, and their mammary glands were analyzed histopathologically and immunohistochemically using HER2 and caspase-3 antibodies. RESULTS Regarding the expression of HER2 detected in the epithelial cell membrane of the mammary gland, P2, P3, P4, and P5 revealed positive expression, P6 and P7 showed equivocal expression, while P1 showed negative expression. Regarding caspase-3 expression in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, it was low in P1, moderate in P2, P5, P6, and P7, and high in P3 and P4. These findings suggest that DMBA injection produced mammary tumors with HER2 as a biomarker of mammary tumor, and high caspase-3 expression in P4 was the effect of curry leaves extract. CONCLUSION The extract of curry leaves at a dose of 300 mg/kg BW with preventive and curative effects can potentially be used as an anti-tumor agent, which effectively induces the apoptosis of tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Aisyah
- Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Animal Biomedical Sciences Study Program, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Ekowati Handharyani
- Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Nurliani Bermawie
- Department of Plant Genetic and Breeding, Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Agus Setiyono
- Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Farghadani R, Naidu R. Curcumin: Modulator of Key Molecular Signaling Pathways in Hormone-Independent Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143427. [PMID: 34298639 PMCID: PMC8307022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females worldwide. It is a highly heterogeneous disease, classified according to hormone and growth factor receptor expression. Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (estrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-negative/human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-negative) and hormone-independent HER2 overexpressing subtypes still represent highly aggressive behavior, metastasis, poor prognosis, and drug resistance. Thus, new alternative anticancer agents based on the use of natural products have been receiving enormous attention. In this regard, curcumin is a promising lead in cancer drug discovery due its ability to modulate a diverse range of molecular targets and signaling pathways. The current review has emphasized the underlying mechanism of curcumin anticancer action mediated through the modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK/STAT, MAPK, NF-ĸB, p53, Wnt/β-catenin, apoptosis, and cell cycle pathways in hormone-independent breast cancer, providing frameworks for future studies and insights to improve its efficiency in clinical practice. Abstract Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Despite the overall successes in breast cancer therapy, hormone-independent HER2 negative breast cancer, also known as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), lacking estrogens and progesterone receptors and with an excessive expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), along with the hormone-independent HER2 positive subtype, still remain major challenges in breast cancer treatment. Due to their poor prognoses, aggressive phenotype, and highly metastasis features, new alternative therapies have become an urgent clinical need. One of the most noteworthy phytochemicals, curcumin, has attracted enormous attention as a promising drug candidate in breast cancer prevention and treatment due to its multi-targeting effect. Curcumin interrupts major stages of tumorigenesis including cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis in hormone-independent breast cancer through the modulation of multiple signaling pathways. The current review has highlighted the anticancer activity of curcumin in hormone-independent breast cancer via focusing on its impact on key signaling pathways including the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, MAPK pathway, NF-ĸB pathway, p53 pathway, and Wnt/β-catenin, as well as apoptotic and cell cycle pathways. Besides, its therapeutic implications in clinical trials are here presented.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chronic propranolol treatment moderately attenuated development of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinoma in female rats. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:1011-1018. [PMID: 34145181 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system participates in the development and progression of several cancer types and this effect is mediated mainly via β-adrenergic signaling. However, the potential of β-adrenergic signaling blockade to prevent cancer development after exposure to carcinogens has not been investigated, yet. Therefore, in our study, we determined the effect of the β-blocker propranolol on the development and progression of mammary cancer induced in female rats by administration of the chemical carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). The propranolol treatment (20 mg/kg body weight) started 12 days after MNU administration and lasted 10 weeks. We found that both saline and propranolol treatment significantly increased gene expression of the catecholamine-synthesizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, indicating that repeated injection of saline or propranolol-induced stress in these two groups. However, compared to the vehicle-treated group, propranolol slightly delayed the development and moderately reduced the incidence of mammary carcinoma in animals. To evaluate the mechanisms mediating the effect of propranolol on the development of MNU-induced cancer, we investigated several parameters of the tumor microenvironment and found that propranolol increased gene expression of Casp3. Our data indicate that propranolol treatment that starts after exposure to carcinogens might represent a new, useful approach for preventing the development of cancer, especially in stressed individuals. However, the potential efficiency of propranolol treatment for preventing cancer development and progression in individuals exposed to carcinogens needs further investigation.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kashyap D, Garg VK, Goel N. Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis: Role in cancer development and prognosis. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 125:73-120. [PMID: 33931145 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis, also named programmed cell death, is a fundament process required for morphogenetic homeostasis during early development and in pathophysiological conditions. It is come into existence in 1972 by work of Kerr, Wyllie and Currie and later on investigated during the research on development of the C. elegans. Trigger by several stimuli, apoptosis is necessary during the embryonic development and aging as homeostatic mechanism to control the cell population and also play a key role as defense mechanism against the immune responses and elimination of damaged cells. Cancer, a genetic disease, is a growing burden on the health and economy of both developing and developed countries. Every year there is tremendously increasing in the number of new cancer cases and mortality rate. Although, there is a significant improvement have been made in biotechnological and bioinformatic fields however, the therapeutic advantages and cancer etiology is still under explored. Several studies determined the deregulation of different apoptotic components during the cancer development and progression. Apoptosis relies on activation of distinct signaling pathways that are often deregulated in cancer. Thus, exploring the single or more than one apoptotic component underlying their expression in carcinogenesis could help to track the disease progression. Current book chapter will provide the several evidences supporting the use of different apoptotic components as prognosis and prediction markers in various human cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduation Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Neelam Goel
- Department of Information Technology, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun G, Ding XA, Argaw Y, Guo X, Montell DJ. Akt1 and dCIZ1 promote cell survival from apoptotic caspase activation during regeneration and oncogenic overgrowth. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5726. [PMID: 33184261 PMCID: PMC7664998 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved cell suicide program. During apoptosis, executioner caspase enzyme activation has been considered a point of no return. However, emerging evidence suggests that some cells can survive caspase activation following exposure to apoptosis-inducing stresses, raising questions as to the physiological significance and underlying molecular mechanisms of this unexpected phenomenon. Here, we show that, following severe tissue injury, Drosophila wing disc cells that survive executioner caspase activation contribute to tissue regeneration. Through RNAi screening, we identify akt1 and a previously uncharacterized Drosophila gene CG8108, which is homologous to the human gene CIZ1, as essential for survival from the executioner caspase activation. We also show that cells expressing activated oncogenes experience apoptotic caspase activation, and that Akt1 and dCIZ1 are required for their survival and overgrowth. Thus, survival following executioner caspase activation is a normal tissue repair mechanism usurped to promote oncogene-driven overgrowth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gongping Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Xun Austin Ding
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Yewubdar Argaw
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Xiaoran Guo
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Denise J Montell
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Anwar MM, Shalaby M, Embaby AM, Saeed H, Agwa MM, Hussein A. Prodigiosin/PU-H71 as a novel potential combined therapy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC): preclinical insights. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14706. [PMID: 32895397 PMCID: PMC7477571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prodigiosin, a secondary metabolite red pigment produced by Serratia marcescens, has an interesting apoptotic efficacy against cancer cell lines with low or no toxicity on normal cells. HSP90α is known as a crucial and multimodal target in the treatment of TNBC. Our research attempts to assess the therapeutic potential of prodigiosin/PU-H71 combination on MDA-MB-231 cell line. The transcription and protein expression levels of different signalling pathways were assessed. Treatment of TNBC cells with both drugs resulted in a decrease of the number of adherent cells with apoptotic effects. Prodigiosin/PU-H71 combination increased the levels of caspases 3,8 and 9 and decreased the levels of mTOR expression. Additionally, there was a remarkable decrease of HSP90α transcription and expression levels upon treatment with combined therapy. Also, EGFR and VEGF expression levels decreased. This is the first study to show that prodigiosin/PU-H71 combination had potent cytotoxicity on MDA-MB-231 cells; proving to play a paramount role in interfering with key signalling pathways in TNBC. Interestingly, prodigiosin might be a potential anticancer agent to increase the sensitivity of TNBC cells to apoptosis. This study provides a new basis for upcoming studies to overcome drug resistance in TNBC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Moustapha Anwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Manal Shalaby
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Institute of Genetic Engineering, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amira M Embaby
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hesham Saeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona M Agwa
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Behooth St, Dokki, Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hussein
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Heidari Z, Eskandari M, Aryan A, Rostamzad F, Salimi S. The effect of CASP3 rs4647610 and rs4647602 polymorphisms on tumour size and cancer stage in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 77:129-134. [PMID: 32151194 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1741249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent form of thyroid cancer whose incidence has increased in recent years. Dysregulated apoptosis is known in the pathogenesis of various cancers. Caspase-3 is an important apoptotic component and its abnormal function may play a key role in cancer pathogenesis. We tested the hypothesis of a link between CASP3 single nucleotide polymorphisms rs4647610 and rs4647602 on PTC and its clinical outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 134 PTC patients and 151 healthy controls were genotyped for CASP3 rs4647610 and rs4647602 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS Allele and genotype frequencies of both SNPs were not different between cases and controls. The combined genotypes and haplotypes were not linked to PTC. However, the frequencies of CASP3 rs4647610 GA and AA genotypes were higher in PTC patients with larger tumour size (≥1 cm), and the rs4647610 SNP was associated with increased tumour size in the dominant model (OR 3.4 [95% CI, 1.1-11], P = 0.04). The CASP3 rs4647602CA and AA genotypes were higher in PTC patients with lower TNM stage (I-II) compared to higher stages (III-IV). No association was observed between CASP3 polymorphisms and other PTC outcomes. CONCLUSION Although CASP3 rs4647610 and rs4647602 SNPs are not associated with PTC, rs4647610 is linked to larger tumour size, and rs4647602 to lower stage of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Heidari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan, Iran
| | - M Eskandari
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan, Iran
| | - A Aryan
- Radiology Department, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan, Iran
| | - F Rostamzad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University , Marand, Iran
| | - S Salimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abd-Allah WH, Salman A, Sabry Saad S. Anticancer activity of newly synthesized 1,1-disubstituted cyclohexane-1-carboxamides: in vitro caspases mediated apoptosis activators in human cancer cell lines and their molecular modeling. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:933-947. [PMID: 31343754 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Novel 1,1-disubstituted cyclohexane-1-carboxamides 6a-h, 7a-e, and 8a-b were designed and synthesized as apoptotic inducers. Cytotoxicity test revealed that some compounds have strong to moderate effect, while others displayed weak action against different cancer cell lines including, MCF-7, HepG2, A549, and HTC-116. A549 carcinoma cell line exhibited higher sensitivity toward all synthesized candidates especially compounds 6a and 8a which offered the lowest IC50 values 3.03 and 5.21 μM, respectively, relative to the positive control doxorubicin with IC50 value of 3.01 μM. Compared to doxorubicin treatment, compounds 6a and 8a induced caspases-3, -8, and -9 activities and G2/M growth arrest in A549 carcinoma cell line. The expression levels of p53 (tumor suppressor protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene), Bax (apoptosis regulator protein in humans that is encoded by bax gene), and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were all higher than those in doxorubicin-treated cells (Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2, encoded in humans by the Bcl-2 gene). Additionally, compounds 6a and 8a appeared to exhibit higher selectivity against MCF-10 human breast normal cell line. The synthesized congeners could be considered as potent apoptotic inducers interfering with extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Moreover, compound 6a was able to form complex with zinc ions as indicated by UV spectrophotometry which revealed its ability for being caspase activator. Molecular docking studies expected the interactions and binding modes of the synthesized inhibitors in the caspase-3 active site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Hamada Abd-Allah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science & Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Salman
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Pharmacology Group), National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samah Sabry Saad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science & Technology, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu Z, An H, Song P, Wang D, Li S, Chen K, Pang Q. Potential targets of TMEM176A in the growth of glioblastoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:7763-7775. [PMID: 30464524 PMCID: PMC6223399 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s179725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human transmembrane protein 176A (TMEM176A) is upregulated in several tumors. Growing evidence has suggested the high clinical value of TMEM176A as a biomarker for early tumor diagnosis. However, less is known about the function of TMEM176A in glioblastomas (GBMs). METHODS In this study, we systematically analyzed the effect of TMEM176A knockdown and overexpression in GBM cells (U87, T98G and A172) on cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis. RESULTS Our results indicated that TMEM176A acted as a tumor-promoting factor in GBM cells. Moreover, a specific ERK1/2 inhibitor, U0126, suppressed the function of TMEM176A in GBM cells. Therefore, we proposed that TMEM176A may be involved in a pathway including ERK1/2 in the regulation of the cell cycle. Moreover, we also found that TMEM176A affected the expression of Bcl2 and played a central role in apoptosis of GBM cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results not only elucidated the multiple functions of TMEM176A in GBM cells but also provided a deep insight into the potential targets of TMEM176A in the growth of GBM cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zhangqiu, Jinan, Shandong 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixia An
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Zhangqiu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangqiu, Jinan, Shandong 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Zhangqiu, Jinan, Shandong 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejing Wang
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Zhangqiu, Jinan, Shandong 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichun Li
- Department of Doppler Ultrasonic, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Zhangqiu, Jinan, Shandong 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Tianqiao, Jinan, Shandong 250200, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Huaiyin, Jinan, Shandong 250200, People's Republic of China,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao R, Kaakati R, Lee AK, Liu X, Li F, Li CY. Novel roles of apoptotic caspases in tumor repopulation, epigenetic reprogramming, carcinogenesis, and beyond. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 37:227-236. [PMID: 29858742 PMCID: PMC6204284 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic caspases have long been studied for their roles in programmed cell death and tumor suppression. With recent discoveries, however, it is becoming apparent these cell death executioners are involved in additional biological pathways beyond killing cells. In some cases, apoptotic cells secrete growth signals to stimulate proliferation of neighboring cells. This pathway functions to regenerate tissues in multiple organisms, but it also poses problems in tumor resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. Additionally, it was found that activation of caspases does not irreversibly lead to cell death, contrary to the established paradigm. Sub-lethal activation of caspases is evident in cell differentiation and epigenetic reprogramming. Furthermore, evidence indicates spontaneous, unprovoked activation of caspases in many cancer cells, which plays pivotal roles in maintaining their tumorigenicity and metastasis. These unexpected findings challenge current cancer therapy approaches aimed at activation of the apoptotic pathway. At the same time, the newly discovered functions of caspases suggest new treatment approaches for cancer and other pathological conditions in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Zhao
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Andrew K Lee
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3135, Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xinjian Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3135, Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3135, Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chuan-Yuan Li
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3135, Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3135, Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| |
Collapse
|