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Ikeda T, Katoh Y, Hino H, Seta D, Ogawa T, Iwata T, Nishio H, Sugawara M, Hirai S. FADS2 confers SCD1 inhibition resistance to cancer cells by modulating the ER stress response. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13116. [PMID: 38849435 PMCID: PMC11161504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is an attractive target for cancer therapy. However, the clinical efficacy of SCD1 inhibitor monotherapy is limited. There is thus a need to elucidate the mechanisms of resistance to SCD1 inhibition and develop new therapeutic strategies for combination therapy. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which cancer cells acquire resistance to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-dependent cancer cell death induced by SCD1 inhibition. SCD1 inhibitor-sensitive and -resistant cancer cells were treated with SCD1 inhibitors in vitro, and SCD1 inhibitor-sensitive cancer cells accumulated palmitic acid and underwent ER stress response-induced cell death. Conversely, SCD1-resistant cancer cells did not undergo ER stress response-induced cell death because fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) eliminated the accumulation of palmitic acid. Furthermore, genetic depletion using siRNA showed that FADS2 is a key determinant of sensitivity/resistance of cancer cells to SCD1 inhibitor. A549 cells, an SCD1 inhibitor-resistant cancer cell line, underwent ER stress-dependent cancer cell death upon dual inhibition of SCD1 and FADS2. Thus, combination therapy with SCD1 inhibition and FADS2 inhibition is potentially a new cancer therapeutic strategy targeting fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikatsu Ikeda
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Yuki Katoh
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Hirotsugu Hino
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Daichi Seta
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ogawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Sugawara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hirai
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
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2
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Igal RA. Death and the desaturase: implication of Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 in the mechanisms of cell stress, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00125-1. [PMID: 38823621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Growth and proliferation of normal and cancerous cells necessitate a finely-tuned regulation of lipid metabolic pathways to ensure the timely supply of structural, energetic, and signaling lipid molecules. The synthesis and remodeling of lipids containing fatty acids with an appropriate carbon length and insaturation level are required for supporting each phase of the mechanisms of cell replication and survival. Mammalian Stearoyl-CoA desaturases (SCD), particularly SCD1, play a crucial role in modulating the fatty acid composition of cellular lipids, converting saturated fatty acids (SFA) into monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Extensive research has elucidated in great detail the participation of SCD1 in the molecular mechanisms that govern cell replication in normal and cancer cells. More recently, investigations have shed new light on the functional and regulatory role of the Δ9-desaturase in the processes of cell stress and cell death. This review will examine the latest findings on the involvement of SCD1 in the molecular pathways of cell survival, particularly on the mechanisms of ER stress and autophagy, as well in apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ariel Igal
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York.
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3
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Alfattah MA, Correia CN, Browne JA, McGettigan PA, Pluta K, Carrington SD, MacHugh DE, Irwin JA. Transcriptomics analysis of the bovine endometrium during the perioestrus period. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301005. [PMID: 38547106 PMCID: PMC10977793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
During the oestrous cycle, the bovine endometrium undergoes morphological and functional changes, which are regulated by alterations in the levels of oestrogen and progesterone and consequent changes in gene expression. To clarify these changes before and after oestrus, RNA-seq was used to profile the transcriptome of oestrus-synchronized beef heifers. Endometrial samples were collected from 29 animals, which were slaughtered in six groups beginning 12 h after the withdrawal of intravaginal progesterone releasing devices until seven days post-oestrus onset (luteal phase). The groups represented proestrus, early oestrus, metoestrus and early dioestrus (luteal phase). Changes in gene expression were estimated relative to gene expression at oestrus. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to identify canonical pathways and functional processes of biological importance. A total of 5,845 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The lowest number of DEGs was observed at the 12 h post-oestrus time point, whereas the greatest number was observed at Day 7 post-oestrus onset (luteal phase). A total of 2,748 DEGs at this time point did not overlap with any other time points. Prior to oestrus, Neurological disease and Organismal injury and abnormalities appeared among the top IPA diseases and functions categories, with upregulation of genes involved in neurogenesis. Lipid metabolism was upregulated before oestrus and downregulated at 48h post-oestrus, at which point an upregulation of immune-related pathways was observed. In contrast, in the luteal phase the Lipid metabolism and Small molecule biochemistry pathways were upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Alfattah
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carolina N. Correia
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John A. Browne
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul A. McGettigan
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katarzyna Pluta
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen D. Carrington
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David E. MacHugh
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jane A. Irwin
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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4
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Liu M, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Feng T, Zhou Q, Tian X. Circadian clock and lipid metabolism disorders: a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1292011. [PMID: 38189049 PMCID: PMC10770836 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1292011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research has emphasized the interaction between the circadian clock and lipid metabolism, particularly in relation to tumors. This review aims to explore how the circadian clock regulates lipid metabolism and its impact on carcinogenesis. Specifically, targeting key enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis (SREBP, ACLY, ACC, FASN, and SCD) has been identified as a potential strategy for cancer therapy. By disrupting these enzymes, it may be possible to inhibit tumor growth by interfering with lipid metabolism. Transcription factors, like SREBP play a significant role in regulating fatty acid synthesis which is influenced by circadian clock genes such as BMAL1, REV-ERB and DEC. This suggests a strong connection between fatty acid synthesis and the circadian clock. Therefore, successful combination therapy should target fatty acid synthesis in addition to considering the timing and duration of drug use. Ultimately, personalized chronotherapy can enhance drug efficacy in cancer treatment and achieve treatment goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Oncology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yating Chen
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Oncology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Feng
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Oncology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xuefei Tian
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Oncology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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5
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Bingham PM, Zachar Z. Toward a Unifying Hypothesis for Redesigned Lipid Catabolism as a Clinical Target in Advanced, Treatment-Resistant Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14365. [PMID: 37762668 PMCID: PMC10531647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We review extensive progress from the cancer metabolism community in understanding the specific properties of lipid metabolism as it is redesigned in advanced carcinomas. This redesigned lipid metabolism allows affected carcinomas to make enhanced catabolic use of lipids in ways that are regulated by oxygen availability and is implicated as a primary source of resistance to diverse treatment approaches. This oxygen control permits lipid catabolism to be an effective energy/reducing potential source under the relatively hypoxic conditions of the carcinoma microenvironment and to do so without intolerable redox side effects. The resulting robust access to energy and reduced potential apparently allow carcinoma cells to better survive and recover from therapeutic trauma. We surveyed the essential features of this advanced carcinoma-specific lipid catabolism in the context of treatment resistance and explored a provisional unifying hypothesis. This hypothesis is robustly supported by substantial preclinical and clinical evidence. This approach identifies plausible routes to the clinical targeting of many or most sources of carcinoma treatment resistance, including the application of existing FDA-approved agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Bingham
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
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6
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Wang BY, Chang YY, Shiu LY, Lee YJ, Lin YW, Hsu YS, Tsai HT, Hsu SP, Su LJ, Tsai MH, Xiao JH, Lin JA, Chen CH. An integrated analysis of dysregulated SCD1 in human cancers and functional verification of miR-181a-5p/SCD1 axis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4030-4043. [PMID: 37664175 PMCID: PMC10468324 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), one of the most lethal cancers, has become a global health issue. Stearoyl-coA desaturase 1 (SCD1) has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in human cancers. However, pan-cancer analysis has revealed little evidence to date. In the current study, we systematically inspected the expression patterns and potential clinical outcomes of SCD1 in multiple human cancers. SCD1 was dysregulated in several types of cancers, and its aberrant expression acted as a diagnostic biomarker, indicating that SCD1 may play a role in tumorigenesis. We used ESCC as an example to demonstrate that SCD1 was dramatically upregulated in tumor tissues of ESCC and was associated with clinicopathological characteristics in ESCC patients. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high SCD1 expression was correlated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in ESCC patients. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module analysis by PINA database and Gephi were performed to identify the hub targets. Meanwhile, the functional annotation analysis of these hubs was constructed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Functionally, the gain-of-function of SCD1 in ESCC cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; in contrast, loss-of-function of SCD1 in ESCC cells had opposite effects. Bioinformatic, QPCR, Western blotting and luciferase assays indicated that SCD1 was a direct target of miR-181a-5p in ESCC cells. In addition, gain-of-function of miR-181a-5p in ESCC cells reduced the cell growth, migratory, and invasive abilities. Conversely, inhibition of miR-181a-5p expression by its inhibitor in ESCC cells had opposite biological effects. Importantly, reinforced SCD1 in miR-181a-5p mimic ESCC transfectants reversed miR-181a-5p mimic-prevented malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. Taken together, these results indicate that SCD1 expression influences tumor progression in a variety of cancers, and the miR-181a-5p/SCD1 axis may be a potential therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Yen Wang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Ming Dao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yen Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, and Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yen Shiu
- Cell Therapy Center, E-Da cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cell Therapy and Research Center, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Lee
- Immunology Research Center, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shen Hsu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Po Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Su
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Education and Research Center for Technology Assisted Substance Abuse Prevention and Management, and Core Facilities for High Throughput Experimental Analysis, National Central University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsiu Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Education and Research Center for Technology Assisted Substance Abuse Prevention and Management, and Core Facilities for High Throughput Experimental Analysis, National Central University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hong Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Education and Research Center for Technology Assisted Substance Abuse Prevention and Management, and Core Facilities for High Throughput Experimental Analysis, National Central University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Jer-An Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Han Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Graduate Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technology, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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7
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Zhang R, Li J, Badescu D, Karaplis AC, Ragoussis J, Kremer R. PTHrP Regulates Fatty Acid Metabolism via Novel lncRNA in Breast Cancer Initiation and Progression Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3763. [PMID: 37568579 PMCID: PMC10417726 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is the primary cause of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia (MAH). We previously showed that PTHrP ablation, in the MMTV-PyMT murine model of breast cancer (BC) progression, can dramatically prolong tumor latency, slow tumor growth, and prevent metastatic spread. However, the signaling mechanisms using lineage tracing have not yet been carefully analyzed. Here, we generated Pthrpflox/flox; Cre+ mT/mG mice (KO) and Pthrpwt/wt; Cre+ mT/mG tumor mice (WT) to examine the signaling pathways under the control of PTHrP from the early to late stages of tumorigenesis. GFP+ mammary epithelial cells were further enriched for subsequent RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analyses. We observed significant upregulation of cell cycle signaling and fatty acid metabolism in PTHrP WT tumors, which are linked to tumor initiation and progression. Next, we observed that the expression levels of a novel lncRNA, GM50337, along with stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1 (Scd1) are significantly upregulated in PTHrP WT but not in KO tumors. We further validated a potential human orthologue lncRNA, OLMALINC, together with SCD1 that can be regulated via PTHrP in human BC cell lines. In conclusion, these novel findings could be used to develop targeted strategies for the treatment of BC and its metastatic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jiarong Li
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Dunarel Badescu
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada (J.R.)
| | - Andrew C. Karaplis
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada;
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada (J.R.)
| | - Richard Kremer
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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8
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao G, Orsulic S, Matei D. Metabolic dependencies and targets in ovarian cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108413. [PMID: 37059310 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular metabolism is a hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells undergo metabolic adaptations to maintain tumorigenicity and survive under the attack of immune cells and chemotherapy in the tumor microenvironment. Metabolic alterations in ovarian cancer in part overlap with findings from other solid tumors and in part reflect unique traits. Altered metabolic pathways not only facilitate ovarian cancer cells' survival and proliferation but also endow them to metastasize, acquire resistance to chemotherapy, maintain cancer stem cell phenotype and escape the effects of anti-tumor immune defense. In this review, we comprehensively review the metabolic signatures of ovarian cancer and their impact on cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to treatment. We highlight novel therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic pathways under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Driskill Graduate Training Program in Life Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yinu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Guangyuan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Driskill Graduate Training Program in Life Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Daniela Matei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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9
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Alizadeh J, Kavoosi M, Singh N, Lorzadeh S, Ravandi A, Kidane B, Ahmed N, Mraiche F, Mowat MR, Ghavami S. Regulation of Autophagy via Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082195. [PMID: 37190124 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are an important component of tumor cell progression. Tumor cells adapt to environmental stresses via changes to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Autophagy, a physiological process in mammalian cells that digests damaged organelles and misfolded proteins via lysosomal degradation, is closely associated with metabolism in mammalian cells, acting as a meter of cellular ATP levels. In this review, we discuss the changes in glycolytic and lipid biosynthetic pathways in mammalian cells and their impact on carcinogenesis via the autophagy pathway. In addition, we discuss the impact of these metabolic pathways on autophagy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mahboubeh Kavoosi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Navjit Singh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Biniam Kidane
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 6C5, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Section of Radiation Oncology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Fatima Mraiche
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Michael R Mowat
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
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10
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Song X, Liu J, Liu B, Piao C, Kong C, Li Z. RUNX2 interacts with SCD1 and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5764-5780. [PMID: 36200301 PMCID: PMC10028032 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that Runt-associated transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) serves as the main transcription factor for osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation. RUNX2 is related to a variety of tumors, particularly tumor invasion and metastasis, while the expression and molecular mechanisms of RUNX2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) keep to be determined. Stearyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), an endoplasmic reticulum fatty acid desaturase, transfers saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids, is expressed highly in numerous malignancies. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datebase and Western blot was used to analyzed the mRNA and protein levels of the target gene in ccRCC tissues and adjacent tissues. The proliferation ability of ccRCC cells was tested by colony forming and EdU assay. The migration ability of cells was detected by transwell assay. Immunoprecipitation was utilized to detect protein-protein interaction. Cycloheximide chase assay was used to measure the half-life of SCD1 protein. RESULTS In this study, the expressions of RUNX2 and SCD1 are increased in ccRCC tissues as well as ccRCC cell lines. Both RUNX2 and SCD1 could promote proliferation and migration in ccRCC cells. Furthermore, RUNX2 could physically interact with SCD1. In addition, the functional degradation and the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway triggered by the downregulation of RUNX2 could be partly offset by the overexpression of SCD1. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that the RUNX2/SCD1 axis may act as a potential therapeutic target via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Song
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Junlong Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Bitian Liu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Chiyuan Piao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Chuize Kong
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
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11
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Chen J, Lv S, Huang B, Ma X, Fu S, Zhao Y. Upregulation of SCD1 by ErbB2 via LDHA promotes breast cancer cell migration and invasion. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:40. [PMID: 36471172 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01904-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer ranks at the top of female malignant tumors in China. Metastasis remains the main cause of death among breast cancer patients. The overexpression of ErbB2 is closely related to the metastasis and poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Therefore, ErbB2 is an important clinical therapeutic target of breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of ErbB2 promoting breast cancer metastasis has not been studied clearly. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a key enzyme in catalyzing the conversion of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) into monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). SCD1 is overexpressed in breast cancer, and its overexpression is an indicator of poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. However, the role of SCD1 in ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer metastasis has not been reported. In this study, we investigated the role of SCD1 in the migration and invasion of ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. First, we demonstrated that ErbB2 upregulates the expression of SCD1. Second, we found that SCD1 and its catalytic product oleic acid played crucial roles in migration and invasion of ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Finally, we found that in breast cancer cells, ErbB2 upregulated SCD1 through lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). To sum up, upregulation of SCD1 by ErbB2 via LDHA promotes the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingruo Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Laboratory of Heart Valve Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Sinan Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bohan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuejiao Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shiqi Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuhua Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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12
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The Regulatory Role of Lipid Metabolism in Endometrial Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6458877. [PMID: 36072980 PMCID: PMC9444396 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6458877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the 6th most common carcinoma as well as the 2nd most common malignancy worldwide in women. It is closely related to fat content, and dyslipidemia is among the most significant metabolic changes in this cancer. Therefore, further understanding of the regulation mechanism in lipid metabolism of endometrial cancer is conducive to the development of better therapeutic strategies and methods. Here, we systematically review the signaling pathways that regulate lipid metabolism in endometrial cancer and the research progress of drugs and targeted therapies that act on lipid metabolism by retrieving relevant articles. The underlying mechanism of occurrence and development of endometrial cancer is relatively clear and comprehensively reviewed here. But following more research studies will help to illuminate more specific regulatory roles of lipid metabolism in endometrial cancer and explore new possible mechanisms, prognostic and therapeutic targets, and subsequent drugs. Our review will provide a full view for the following investigation of lipid metabolism in endometrial cancer.
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13
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Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 as a therapeutic target for cancer: a focus on hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8871-8882. [PMID: 35906508 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
One of the main characteristics of cancer cells is the alteration in lipid composition, which is associated with a significant monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) enrichment. In addition to their structural functions in newly synthesized membranes in proliferating cancer cells, these fatty acids are involved in tumorigenic signaling. Increased expression and activity of stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD1), i.e., an enzyme converting saturated fatty acids to Δ9-monounsaturated fatty acids, has been observed in various cancer cells. This increase in expression and activity has also been associated with cancer aggressiveness and poor patient outcome. Previous studies have also indicated the SCD1 involvement in increased cancer cells proliferation, growth, migration, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis, chemoresistance, and maintenance of cancer stem cells properties. Hence, SCD1 seems to be a player in malignancy development and may be considered a novel therapeutic target in cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review study aims to discuss the impact of SCD1 as a major component in lipid signaling in HCC.
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14
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Kubota CS, Espenshade PJ. Targeting stearoyl-CoA desaturase in solid tumors. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1682-1688. [PMID: 35294526 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are demarcated from normal cells by distinct biological hallmarks, including the reprogramming of metabolic processes. One of the key players involved in metabolic reprogramming is stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which converts saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids in an oxygen-dependent reaction that is crucial for maintaining fatty acid homeostasis. As such, SCD has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in numerous types of cancers, and its inhibition suppresses cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. This review summarizes the evidence implicating SCD in cancer progression and proposes novel therapeutic strategies for targeting SCD in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casie S Kubota
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Peter J Espenshade
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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15
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Ascenzi F, De Vitis C, Maugeri-Saccà M, Napoli C, Ciliberto G, Mancini R. SCD1, autophagy and cancer: implications for therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:265. [PMID: 34429143 PMCID: PMC8383407 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components and recycles them for other cellular functions. Over the years, a mutual regulation between lipid metabolism and autophagy has been uncovered. METHODS This is a narrative review discussing the connection between SCD1 and the autophagic process, along with the modality through which this crosstalk can be exploited for therapeutic purposes. RESULTS Fatty acids, depending on the species, can have either activating or inhibitory roles on autophagy. In turn, autophagy regulates the mobilization of fat from cellular deposits, such as lipid droplets, and removes unnecessary lipids to prevent cellular lipotoxicity. This review describes the regulation of autophagy by lipid metabolism in cancer cells, focusing on the role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), the key enzyme involved in the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. SCD1 plays an important role in cancer, promoting cell proliferation and metastasis. The role of autophagy in cancer is more complex since it can act either by protecting against the onset of cancer or by promoting tumor growth. Mounting evidence indicates that autophagy and lipid metabolism are tightly interconnected. CONCLUSION Here, we discuss controversial findings of SCD1 as an autophagy inducer or inhibitor in cancer, highlighting how these activities may result in cancer promotion or inhibition depending upon the degree of cancer heterogeneity and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ascenzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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16
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Contreras-López EF, Cruz-Hernández CD, Cortés-Ramírez SA, Ramírez-Higuera A, Peña-Montes C, Rodríguez-Dorantes M, Oliart-Ros RM. Inhibition of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase by Sterculic Oil Reduces Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1308-1321. [PMID: 34282662 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1952442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common type of cancer affecting male population. PCa treatments have side effects and are temporarily effective, so new therapeutic options are being investigated. Due to the high demand of energy for cell proliferation, an increase in the expression and activity of lipogenic enzymes such as the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) have been observed in PCa. Sterculic acid, contained in the seed's oil of Malvales, is a natural inhibitor of SCD. The objective of our investigation was to evaluate the effects of sterculic oil (SO) from Sterculia apetala seeds on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. SO was administered to PC3 and LNCaP cells, and to prostate normal cells; cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, SCD gene and protein expression and enzymatic activity were analyzed. SO administration (4 mM sterculic acid) diminished cell viability in LNCaP and PC3 cells, arrested cell cycle in G2 and promoted apoptosis. SO diminished SCD enzymatic activity with no effects on gene nor protein expression. Our results suggest that SO might offer benefits as an adjuvant in hormonal and chemotherapy prostate cancer treatments. This is the first study to analyze the effect of SO on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carolina Peña-Montes
- Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Rosa María Oliart-Ros
- Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
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17
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Wang Q, Hu R, Li W, Tai Y, Gu W, Das BC, Yang F, Ji J, Wang C, Zhou J. BF175 inhibits endometrial carcinoma through SREBP-regulated metabolic pathways in vitro. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 523:111135. [PMID: 33359761 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Elevated lipogenesis is an important metabolic hallmark of rapidly proliferating tumor such as endometrial carcinoma (EC). The sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) is a master regulator of lipogenesis and involved in EC proliferation. BF175 is a novel chemical inhibitor of SREBP pathway, and has shown potent anti-lipogenic effects. However, the effect of BF175 on EC cells are yet to be determined. In the present study, we found that BF175 decreased cell viability, colony formation and migratory capacity, inducing autophagy and mitochondrial related apoptosis in EC cell line AN3CA. Z-VAD-FMK partially attenuated the effect of BF175 on AN3CA. In addition, BF175 significantly downregulated SREBPs and their downstream genes. The levels of free fatty acids and total cholesterol were also inhibited. Microarray analysis suggested BF175 treatment obviously affected lipid metabolic pathways in EC. Taken together, we validated BF175 exhibited anti-tumor activity by targeting SREBP-dependent lipogenesis and inducing apoptosis which mitochondrial pathway involved in, suggesting that it's potential as a novel therapeutic reagent for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruofan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Tai
- Department of Pathology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiting Gu
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bhaskar C Das
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fajun Yang
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Junyuan Ji
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Colleage of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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18
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Nagarajan SR, Butler LM, Hoy AJ. The diversity and breadth of cancer cell fatty acid metabolism. Cancer Metab 2021; 9:2. [PMID: 33413672 PMCID: PMC7791669 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-020-00237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cellular metabolism exhibits distinguishing features that collectively enhance biomass synthesis while maintaining redox balance and cellular homeostasis. These attributes reflect the complex interactions between cell-intrinsic factors such as genomic-transcriptomic regulation and cell-extrinsic influences, including growth factor and nutrient availability. Alongside glucose and amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism supports tumorigenesis and disease progression through a range of processes including membrane biosynthesis, energy storage and production, and generation of signaling intermediates. Here, we highlight the complexity of cellular fatty acid metabolism in cancer, the various inputs and outputs of the intracellular free fatty acid pool, and the numerous ways that these pathways influence disease behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa R Nagarajan
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Lisa M Butler
- Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew J Hoy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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19
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Konstorum A, Tesfay L, Paul BT, Torti FM, Laubenbacher RC, Torti SV. Systems biology of ferroptosis: A modeling approach. J Theor Biol 2020; 493:110222. [PMID: 32114023 PMCID: PMC7254156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently discovered form of iron-dependent regulated cell death (RCD) that occurs via peroxidation of phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) moieties. Activating this form of cell death is an emerging strategy in cancer treatment. Because multiple pathways and molecular species contribute to the ferroptotic process, predicting which tumors will be sensitive to ferroptosis is a challenge. We thus develop a mathematical model of several critical pathways to ferroptosis in order to perform a systems-level analysis of the process. We show that sensitivity to ferroptosis depends on the activity of multiple upstream cascades, including PUFA incorporation into the phospholipid membrane, and the balance between levels of pro-oxidant factors (reactive oxygen species, lipoxogynases) and antioxidant factors (GPX4). We perform a systems-level analysis of ferroptosis sensitivity as an outcome of five input variables (ACSL4, SCD1, ferroportin, transferrin receptor, and p53) and organize the resulting simulations into 'high' and 'low' ferroptosis sensitivity groups. We make a novel prediction corresponding to the combinatorial requirements of ferroptosis sensitivity to SCD1 and ACSL4 activity. To validate our prediction, we model the ferroptotic response of an ovarian cancer stem cell line following single- and double-knockdown of SCD1 and ACSL4. We find that the experimental outcomes are consistent with our simulated predictions. This work suggests that a systems-level approach is beneficial for understanding the complex combined effects of ferroptotic input, and in predicting cancer susceptibility to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Konstorum
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America.
| | - Lia Tesfay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Bibbin T Paul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Reinhard C Laubenbacher
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, United States of America
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20
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Raglan O, Assi N, Nautiyal J, Lu H, Gabra H, Gunter MJ, Kyrgiou M. Proteomic analysis of malignant and benign endometrium according to obesity and insulin-resistance status using Reverse Phase Protein Array. Transl Res 2020; 218:57-72. [PMID: 31954096 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and hyperinsulinemia are known risk factors for endometrial cancer, yet the biological pathways underlying this relationship are incompletely understood. This study investigated protein expression in endometrial cancer and benign tissue and its correlation with obesity and insulin resistance. One hundred and seven women undergoing hysterectomy for endometrial cancer or benign conditions provided a fasting blood sample and endometrial tissue. We performed proteomic expression according to body mass index, insulin resistance, and serum marker levels. We used linear regression and independent t test for statistical analysis. Proteomic data from 560 endometrial cancer cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databank were used to assess reproducibility of results. One hundred and twenty seven proteins were significantly differentially expressed between 66 cancer and 26 benign patients. Protein expression involved in cell cycle progression, impacting cytoskeletal dynamics (PAK1) and cell survival (Rab 25), were most significantly altered. Obese women with cancer had increased PRAS40_pT246; a downstream marker of increased PI3K-AKT signaling. Obese women without cancer had increased mitogenic and antiapoptotic signaling by way of upregulation of Mcl-1, DUSP4, and Insulin Receptor-b. This exploratory study identified a number of candidate proteins specific to endometrioid endometrial cancer and benign endometrial tissues. Obesity and insulin resistance in women with benign endometrium leads to specific upregulation of proteins involved in insulin and driver oncogenic signaling pathways such as the PI3K-AKT-mTOR and growth factor signaling pathways which are mitogenic and also disruptive to metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Raglan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nada Assi
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Jaya Nautiyal
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Haonan Lu
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hani Gabra
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Maria Kyrgiou
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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21
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Development and validation of a lipogenic genes panel for diagnosis and recurrence of colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229864. [PMID: 32155177 PMCID: PMC7064220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & aim Accumulated evidence indicates that the elevation of lipid metabolism is an essential step in colorectal cancer (CRC) development, and analysis of the key lipogenic mediators may lead to identifying the new clinically useful prognostic gene signatures. Methods The expression pattern of 61 lipogenic genes was assessed between CRC tumors and matched adjacent normal tissues in a training set (n = 257) with the Mann-Whitney U test. Cox's proportional hazards model and the Kaplan–Meier method were used to identifying a lipogenic-biomarkers signature associated with the prognosis of CRC. The biomarkers signature was then confirmed in two independent validation groups, including a set of 223 CRC samples and an additional set of 203 COAD profiles retrieving from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results Five genes, including ACOT8, ACSL5, FASN, HMGCS2, and SCD1, were significantly enhanced in CRC tumors. Using the cutoff value 0.493, the samples were classified into high risk and low risk. The AUC of panel for discriminating of all, early (I-II stages), and advanced CRC (III-IV stages) were 0.8922, 0.8446, and 0.9162 (Training set), along with 0.8800, 0.8205, and 0.7351 (validation set I), and 0.9071, 0.8946, and 0.9107 (Validation set II), respectively. There was a reverse correlation between the high predicted point of panel and worse OS of CRC patients in training set (HR (95% CI): 0.1096 (0.07089–0.1694), P < 0.001), validation set I (HR (95% CI): 0.3350 (0.2116–0.5304), P < 0.001), and validation set II (HR (95% CI): 0.1568 (0.1090–0.2257), P < 0.001). Conclusion Our study showed that the panel of ACOT8/ACSL5/FASN/HMGBCS2/SCD1 genes had a better prognostic performance than validated clinical risk scales and is applicable for early detection of CRC and tumor recurrence.
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Abstract
Excess adiposity is a risk factor for several cancer types. This is likely due to complex mechanisms including alterations in the lipid milieu that plays a pivotal role in multiple aspects of carcinogenesis. Here we consider the direct role of lipids in regulating well-known hallmarks of cancer. Furthermore, we suggest that obesity-associated remodelling of membranes and organelles drives cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Identification of cancer-related lipid-mediated mechanisms amongst the broad metabolic disturbances due to excess adiposity is central to the identification of novel and more efficacious prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Molendijk
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, 4006, Australia.
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23
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De Vitis C, Corleone G, Salvati V, Ascenzi F, Pallocca M, De Nicola F, Fanciulli M, di Martino S, Bruschini S, Napoli C, Ricci A, Bassi M, Venuta F, Rendina EA, Ciliberto G, Mancini R. B4GALT1 Is a New Candidate to Maintain the Stemness of Lung Cancer Stem Cells. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1928. [PMID: 31717588 PMCID: PMC6912435 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the cancer stem cells (CSCs) hypothesis, a population of cancer cells with stem cell properties is responsible for tumor propagation, drug resistance, and disease recurrence. Study of the mechanisms responsible for lung CSCs propagation is expected to provide better understanding of cancer biology and new opportunities for therapy. METHODS The Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) NCI-H460 cell line was grown either as 2D or as 3D cultures. Transcriptomic and genome-wide chromatin accessibility studies of 2D vs. 3D cultures were carried out using RNA-sequencing and Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq), respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was also carried out on RNA extracted from primary cultures derived from malignant pleural effusions to validate RNA-seq results. RESULTS RNA-seq and ATAC-seq data disentangled transcriptional and genome accessibility variability of 3D vs. 2D cultures in NCI-H460 cells. The examination of genomic landscape of genes upregulated in 3D vs. 2D cultures led to the identification of 2D cultures led to the identification of Beta-1,4-galactosyltranferase 1 (B4GALT1) as the top candidate. B4GALT1 as the top candidate. B4GALT1 was validated as a stemness factor, since its silencing caused strong inhibition of 3D spheroid formation. CONCLUSION Combined transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility study of 3D vs. 2D LUAD cultures led to the identification of B4GALT1 as a new factor involved in the propagation and maintenance of LUAD CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.V.); (R.M.)
| | - Giacomo Corleone
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.P.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Valentina Salvati
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Ascenzi
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.P.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.P.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (M.P.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Simona di Martino
- Pathology Unit, IRCSS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sara Bruschini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alberto Ricci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Division of Pneumology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Bassi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Federico Venuta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (F.V.)
| | - Erino Angelo Rendina
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sant’Andrea Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS “Regina Elena” National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.V.); (R.M.)
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Rehberg N, Omeje E, Ebada SS, van Geelen L, Liu Z, Sureechatchayan P, Kassack MU, Ioerger TR, Proksch P, Kalscheuer R. 3- O-Methyl-Alkylgallates Inhibit Fatty Acid Desaturation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:e00136-19. [PMID: 31209015 PMCID: PMC6709504 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00136-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the quest for new antibacterial lead structures, activity screening against Mycobacterium tuberculosis identified antitubercular effects of gallic acid derivatives isolated from the Nigerian mistletoe Loranthus micranthus Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that 3-O-methyl-alkylgallates comprising aliphatic ester chains with four to eight carbon atoms showed the strongest growth inhibition in vitro against M. tuberculosis, with a MIC of 6.25 μM. Furthermore, the most active compounds (3-O-methyl-butyl-, 3-O-methyl-hexylgallate, and 3-O-methyl-octylgallate) were devoid of cytotoxicity against various human cell lines. Furthermore, 3-O-methyl-butylgallate showed favorable absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) criteria, with a Papp of 6.2 × 10-6 cm/s, and it did not inhibit P-glycoprotein (P-gp), CYP1A2, CYP2B6 or CYP3A4. Whole-genome sequencing of spontaneous resistant mutants indicated that the compounds target the stearoyl-coenzyme A (stearoyl-CoA) delta-9 desaturase DesA3 and thereby inhibit oleic acid synthesis. Supplementation assays demonstrated that oleic acid addition to the culture medium antagonizes the inhibitory properties of gallic acid derivatives and that sodium salts of saturated palmitic and stearic acid did not show compensatory effects. The moderate bactericidal effect of 3-O-methyl-butylgallate in monotreatment was synergistically enhanced in combination treatment with isoniazid, leading to sterilization in liquid culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidja Rehberg
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Edwin Omeje
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Sherif S Ebada
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lasse van Geelen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Parichat Sureechatchayan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias U Kassack
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas R Ioerger
- Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Rainer Kalscheuer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
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Li X, Gao S, Li W, Liu Z, Shi Z, Qiu C, Jiang J. Effect of monoacylglycerol lipase on the tumor growth in endometrial cancer. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2019; 45:2043-2054. [PMID: 31357249 PMCID: PMC6790660 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aim Abnormal lipid metabolism plays a dual role in tumorigenesis, specifically in the occurrence and development of cancers. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), a hydrolase that is important for lipid metabolism, plays a vital role in different aspects of tumorigenesis. Many studies have shown that MAGL is highly elevated in a variety of cancers and plays an active role. However, its potential role in supporting endometrial cancer (EC) growth and progression has not yet been explored in depth. Methods Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed to estimate the protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of MAGL in tumor tissues. Then, JZL184 and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to decrease the expression of MAGL in EC cells. The gene and protein expression levels of MAGL were measured using quantitative real‐time PCR and western blotting, respectively. Additionally, the effect of MAGL on tumor growth in EC was detected by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide , cell cycle and western blotting assay in vitro. Results We found that MAGL was overexpressed in EC and was significantly correlated with surgical‐pathological stage, myometrial invasion, number of pregnancies and body mass index. The growth and cell cycle progression of tumor cells were significantly impaired in vitro by the pharmacological and siRNA‐mediated MAGL inhibition. In addition, MAGL inhibition seemed to repress two target genes, Cyclin D1 and Bcl‐2. Conclusion In summary, we have demonstrated that MAGL is involved in EC growth and progression. Our results suggest that targeting MAGL may be a novel and valid treatment for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Shuhong Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengzheng Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunping Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Tracz-Gaszewska Z, Dobrzyn P. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 as a Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070948. [PMID: 31284458 PMCID: PMC6678606 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A distinctive feature of cancer cells of various origins involves alterations of the composition of lipids, with significant enrichment in monounsaturated fatty acids. These molecules, in addition to being structural components of newly formed cell membranes of intensely proliferating cancer cells, support tumorigenic signaling. An increase in the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), the enzyme that converts saturated fatty acids to ∆9-monounsaturated fatty acids, has been observed in a wide range of cancer cells, and this increase is correlated with cancer aggressiveness and poor outcomes for patients. Studies have demonstrated the involvement of SCD1 in the promotion of cancer cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, and tumor growth. Many studies have reported a role for this lipogenic factor in maintaining the characteristics of cancer stem cells (i.e., the population of cells that contributes to cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy). Importantly, both the products of SCD1 activity and its direct impact on tumorigenic pathways have been demonstrated. Based on these findings, SCD1 appears to be a significant player in the development of malignant disease and may be a promising target for anticancer therapy. Numerous chemical compounds that exert inhibitory effects on SCD1 have been developed and preclinically tested. The present review summarizes our current knowledge of the ways in which SCD1 contributes to the progression of cancer and discusses opportunities and challenges of using SCD1 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Tracz-Gaszewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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Pope ED, Kimbrough EO, Vemireddy LP, Surapaneni PK, Copland JA, Mody K. Aberrant lipid metabolism as a therapeutic target in liver cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:473-483. [PMID: 31076001 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1615883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and lethal cancers. Progress has been made in treatment of HCC; however, improved outcomes are much needed. The increased metabolic needs of cancer cells underscore the importance of metabolic pathways in cancer cell survival. Lipid metabolism has a role in HCC development; aberrant overexpression of several key enzymes is seen in many solid human tumors. Areas covered: We discuss aberrant lipid metabolism and the promise of multiple targets, in particular related to HCC treatment. We searched PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov for published and unpublished studies from 2000 to 2019. These terms were used: lipids, fatty acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, liver cancer, HCC, de novo fatty acid synthesis, ATP citrate lyase, stearoyl CoA denaturase, fatty acid synthase, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, CD147, KLF4, monoglyceride lipase, AMP activated protein kinase. Expert opinion: The importance of dysregulation of fatty acid synthesis in cancer is a growing area of research. HCC demonstrates significant alteration in lipid metabolism, representing great potential as a target for novel therapeutics. Various agents have demonstrated promising anti-neoplastic activity. This strategy deserves further development for improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evans D Pope
- a Cancer Clinical Studies Unit , Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , FL , USA
| | | | | | | | - John A Copland
- d Department of Cancer Biology , Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , FL , USA
| | - Kabir Mody
- c Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology , Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , FL , USA
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Gapeyev AB, Aripovsky AV, Kulagina TP. Fatty Acid Content and Tumor Growth Changes in Mice After Exposure to Extremely High-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation and Consumption of N-3 Fatty Acids. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1325-1334. [PMID: 30990087 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1601746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The topical problem is to find new, more effective and safe treatments for cancer. The purpose of the present work was to study the combined effects of low-intensity extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) and consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on tumor growth and the content of FAs in the thymus and tumor tissue in mice. Fatty acid composition was determined using gas chromatography. Exposure of tumor-bearing mice with solid Ehrlich carcinoma to EHF EMR with effective parameters (42.2 GHz, 0.1 mW/cm2, 20 min daily for 5 consecutive days beginning on the first day after the tumor inoculation) led to delaying the tumor growth and restored the content of almost all FAs in thymic tissue to the level of intact animals. Animal intake of the preparation enriched with n-3 PUFAs increased the content of n-3 PUFAs in thymic tissue significantly, but did not affect the tumor growth, even in combination with EHF EMR exposure. Combined action of EHF EMR exposure and n-3 preparation promoted recovery of thymus weight in tumor-bearing animals. The data obtained assume a complex interaction between the immune system and the tumor, and the important role of FAs in the regulation of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Gapeyev
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Pushchino , Moscow Region , Russia
| | - Alexander V Aripovsky
- State Scientific Center of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology , Obolensk , Moscow Region , Russia
| | - Tatyana P Kulagina
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Pushchino , Moscow Region , Russia
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Pisanu ME, Maugeri-Saccà M, Fattore L, Bruschini S, De Vitis C, Tabbì E, Bellei B, Migliano E, Kovacs D, Camera E, Picardo M, Jakopin Z, Cippitelli C, Bartolazzi A, Raffa S, Torrisi MR, Fulciniti F, Ascierto PA, Ciliberto G, Mancini R. Inhibition of Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 reverts BRAF and MEK inhibition-induced selection of cancer stem cells in BRAF-mutated melanoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:318. [PMID: 30558661 PMCID: PMC6298024 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors significantly improves survival in BRAF mutated melanoma patients but is unable to prevent disease recurrence due to the emergence of drug resistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been involved in these long-term treatment failures. We previously reported in lung cancer that CSCs maintenance is due to altered lipid metabolism and dependent upon Stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD1)-mediated upregulation of YAP and TAZ. On this ground, we investigated the role of SCD1 in melanoma CSCs. METHODS SCD1 gene expression data of melanoma patients were downloaded from TCGA and correlated with disease progression by bioinformatics analysis and confirmed on patient's tissues by qRT-PCR and IHC analyses. The effects of combination of BRAF/MEKi and the SCD1 inhibitor MF-438 were monitored by spheroid-forming and proliferation assays on a panel of BRAF-mutated melanoma cell lines grown in 3D and 2D conditions, respectively. SCD1, YAP/TAZ and stemness markers were evaluated in melanoma cells and tissues by qRT-PCR, WB and Immunofluorescence. RESULTS We first observed that SCD1 expression increases during melanoma progression. BRAF-mutated melanoma 3D cultures enriched for CSCs overexpressed SCD1 and were more resistant than 2D differentiated cultures to BRAF and MEK inhibitors. We next showed that exposure of BRAF-mutated melanoma cells to MAPK pathway inhibitors enhanced stemness features by upregulating the expression of YAP/TAZ and downstream genes but surprisingly not SCD1. However, SCD1 pharmacological inhibition was able to downregulate YAP/TAZ and to revert at the same time CSC enrichment and resistance to MAPK inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Our data underscore the role of SCD1 as prognostic marker in melanoma and promote the use of SCD1 inhibitors in combination with MAPK inhibitors for the control of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Pisanu
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Present Address: High Resolution NMR Unit, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Fattore
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutics Agents Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Bruschini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Tabbì
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics research, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Kovacs
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics research, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics research, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics research, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Ziga Jakopin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Claudia Cippitelli
- Pathology Research laboratory, Sapienza University, Sant’Andrea Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Armando Bartolazzi
- Pathology Research laboratory, Sapienza University, Sant’Andrea Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Raffa
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Cellular Diagnostics Unit, Sapienza University, Sant’Andrea Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Torrisi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Cellular Diagnostics Unit, Sapienza University, Sant’Andrea Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Fulciniti
- Istituto Cantonale di Patologia, Servizio di Citologia Clinica, 6600 Locarno, Switzerland
| | - Paolo A. Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Directorate, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCSS Regina Elena, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Van Nyen T, Moiola CP, Colas E, Annibali D, Amant F. Modeling Endometrial Cancer: Past, Present, and Future. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2348. [PMID: 30096949 PMCID: PMC6121384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common type of cancer of the female reproductive tract. Although prognosis is generally good for patients with low-grade and early-stage diseases, the outcomes for high-grade and metastatic/recurrent cases remain poor, since traditional chemotherapy regimens based on platinum and taxanes have limited effects. No targeted agents have been approved so far, although several new drugs have been tested without striking results in clinical trials. Over the last decades, many efforts have been made towards the establishment and development of preclinical models, aiming at recapitulating the structural and molecular determinants of the disease. Here, we present an overview of the most commonly used in vitro and in vivo models and discuss their peculiar features, describing their main applications and the value in the advancement of both fundamental and translational endometrial cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Van Nyen
- Department of Oncology, Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Cristian P Moiola
- Pathological Oncology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Institute of Research, CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eva Colas
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Institute of Research, CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Department of Oncology, Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Oncology, Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
- Centre for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute (Avl-NKI) and University Medical Centra (UMC), 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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