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Kalafati E, Drakopoulou E, Anagnou NP, Pappa KI. Developing Oncolytic Viruses for the Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:1838. [PMID: 37508503 PMCID: PMC10377776 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer represents one of the most important malignancies among women worldwide. Current therapeutic approaches for cervical cancer are reported not only to be inadequate for metastatic cervical cancer, but are also considered as cytotoxic for several patients leading to serious side effects, which can have negative implications on the quality of life of women. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of innovative and effective treatment options. Oncolytic viruses can eventually become effective biological agents, since they preferentially infect and kill cancer cells, while leaving the normal tissue unaffected. Moreover, they are also able to leverage the host immune system response to limit tumor growth. This review aims to systematically describe and discuss the different types of oncolytic viruses generated for targeting cervical cancer cells, as well as the outcome of the combination of virotherapy with conventional therapies. Although many preclinical studies have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses in cervical cancer, the number of clinical trials so far is limited, while their oncolytic properties are currently being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Kalafati
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ekati Drakopoulou
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nicholas P Anagnou
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi I Pappa
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece
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Bykov Y, Dawodu G, Javaheri A, Garcia-Sastre A, Cuadrado-Castano S. Immune responses elicited by ssRNA(-) oncolytic viruses in the host and in the tumor microenvironment. JOURNAL OF CANCER METASTASIS AND TREATMENT 2023; 9:10. [PMID: 37974615 PMCID: PMC10653360 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2022.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are at the forefront of biologicals for cancer treatment. They represent a diverse landscape of naturally occurring viral strains and genetically modified viruses that, either as single agents or as part of combination therapies, are being evaluated in preclinical and clinical settings. As the field gains momentum, the research on OVs has been shifting efforts to expand our understanding of the complex interplay between the virus, the tumor and the immune system, with the aim of rationally designing more efficient therapeutic interventions. Nowadays, the potential of an OV platform is no longer defined exclusively by the targeted replication and cancer cell killing capacities of the virus, but by its contribution as an immunostimulator, triggering the transformation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) into a place where innate and adaptive immunity players can efficiently engage and lead the development of tumor-specific long-term memory responses. Here we review the immune mechanisms and host responses induced by ssRNA(-) (negative-sense single-stranded RNA) viruses as OV platforms. We focus on two ssRNA(-) OV candidates: Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus with one of the longest histories of utilization as an OV, and influenza A (IAV) virus, a well-characterized human pathogen with extraordinary immunostimulatory capacities that is steadily advancing as an OV candidate through the development of recombinant IAV attenuated platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonina Bykov
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gloria Dawodu
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aryana Javaheri
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sara Cuadrado-Castano
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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3
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Ghasemi Darestani N, Gilmanova AI, Al-Gazally ME, Zekiy AO, Ansari MJ, Zabibah RS, Jawad MA, Al-Shalah SAJ, Rizaev JA, Alnassar YS, Mohammed NM, Mustafa YF, Darvishi M, Akhavan-Sigari R. Mesenchymal stem cell-released oncolytic virus: an innovative strategy for cancer treatment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:43. [PMID: 36829187 PMCID: PMC9960453 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) infect, multiply, and finally remove tumor cells selectively, causing no damage to normal cells in the process. Because of their specific features, such as, the ability to induce immunogenic cell death and to contain curative transgenes in their genomes, OVs have attracted attention as candidates to be utilized in cooperation with immunotherapies for cancer treatment. This treatment takes advantage of most tumor cells' inherent tendency to be infected by certain OVs and both innate and adaptive immune responses are elicited by OV infection and oncolysis. OVs can also modulate tumor microenvironment and boost anti-tumor immune responses. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are gathering interest as promising anti-cancer treatments with the ability to address a wide range of cancers. MSCs exhibit tumor-trophic migration characteristics, allowing them to be used as delivery vehicles for successful, targeted treatment of isolated tumors and metastatic malignancies. Preclinical and clinical research were reviewed in this study to discuss using MSC-released OVs as a novel method for the treatment of cancer. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna I Gilmanova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Angelina O Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - Saif A J Al-Shalah
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Jasur Alimdjanovich Rizaev
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Rector, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Darvishi
- Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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4
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Measles Virus as an Oncolytic Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030544. [PMID: 33535479 PMCID: PMC7867054 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Measles virus (MeV) preferentially replicates in malignant cells, leading to tumor lysis and priming of antitumor immunity. Live attenuated MeV vaccine strains are therefore under investigation as cancer therapeutics. The versatile MeV reverse genetics systems allows for engineering of advanced targeted, armed, and shielded oncolytic viral vectors. Therapeutic efficacy can further be enhanced by combination treatments. An emerging focus in this regard is combination immunotherapy, especially with immune checkpoint blockade. Despite challenges arising from antiviral immunity, availability of preclinical models, and GMP production, early clinical trials have demonstrated safety of oncolytic MeV and yielded promising efficacy data. Future clinical trials with engineered viruses, rational combination regimens, and comprehensive translational research programs will realize the potential of oncolytic immunotherapy.
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Miri SM, Ebrahimzadeh MS, Abdolalipour E, Yazdi M, Hosseini Ravandi H, Ghaemi A. Synergy between hemagglutinin 2 (HA2) subunit of influenza fusogenic membrane glycoprotein and oncolytic Newcastle disease virus suppressed tumor growth and further enhanced by Immune checkpoint PD-1 blockade. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:380. [PMID: 32782438 PMCID: PMC7412675 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has shown noticeable oncolytic properties, especially against cervical cancer. However, in order to improve the spread rate and oncotoxicity of the virus, employment of other therapeutic reagents would be helpful. It has been shown that some viral fusogenic membrane glycoproteins (FMGs) could facilitate viral propagation and increase the infection rate of tumor cells by oncolytic viruses. Additionally, immune checkpoint blockade has widely been investigated for its anti-tumor effects against several types of cancers. Here, we investigated for the first time whether the incorporation of influenza hemagglutinin-2 (HA2) FMG could improve the oncolytic characteristics of NDV against cervical cancer. Next, we added anti-PD-1 mAb to our therapeutic recipe to assess the complementary role of immune checkpoint blockade in curbing tumor progression. Methods For this purpose, TC-1 tumor cells were injected into the mice models and treatment with NDV, iNDV, HA2, NDV-HA2, iNDV-HA2 began 10 days after tumor challenge and was repeated at day 17. In addition, PD-1 blockade was conducted by injection of anti-PD-1 mAb at days 9 and 16. Two weeks after the last treatment, sample mice were sacrificed and treatment efficacy was evaluated through immunological and immunohistochemical analysis. Moreover, tumors condition was monitored weekly for 6 weeks intervals and the tumor volume was measured and compared within different groups. Results The results of co-treatment with NDV and HA2 gene revealed that these agents act synergistically to induce antitumor immune responses against HPV-associated carcinoma by enhancement of E7-specific lymphocyte proliferation, inducement of CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity responses, increase in splenic cytokines and granzyme B, decrease in immunosuppressive cytokines and E6 oncogene expression, and upregulation of apoptotic proteins expression, in comparison with control groups. Moreover, incorporation of PD-1 blockade as the third side of our suggested therapy led to noticeable regression in tumor size and augmentation of cytokine responses. Conclusions The invaluable results of synergy between NDV virotherapy and HA2 gene therapy suggest that tumor-selective cell killing by oncolytic NDV can be enhanced by combining with FMG gene therapy. Moreover, the adjunction of the PD-1 blockade proves that checkpoint blockade can be considered as an effective complementary therapy for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elahe Abdolalipour
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O.Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Yazdi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O.Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
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Pidelaserra-Martí G, Engeland CE. Mechanisms of measles virus oncolytic immunotherapy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 56:28-38. [PMID: 32660751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The study of measles virus (MeV) as a cancer immunotherapeutic was prompted by clinical observations of leukemia and lymphoma regressions in patients following measles virus infection in the 1970s and 1980s. Since then, numerous preclinical studies have confirmed the oncolytic activity of MeV vaccine strains as well as their potential to promote long-lasting tumor-specific immune responses. Early clinical data indicate that some of these effects may translate to the treatment of cancer patients. In this review, we provide a structured summary of current evidence for the anti-tumor immune activity of oncolytic MeV. We start with an overview of MeV oncolysis and MeV-induced immunogenic cell death. Next, we relate findings on MeV-mediated activation of antigen-presenting cells, T cell priming and effector mechanisms to the cancer immunity cycle. We discuss additional factors in the tumor microenvironment which are modulated by MeV treatment as well as the role of anti-viral immunity. Based on these findings, we highlight avenues for rational enhancement of oncolytic MeV immunotherapy by vector engineering. We further point to advantages and drawbacks of experimental models and propose areas warranting promising research. Lastly, we review the available immunomonitoring data from several Phase I clinical trials. While this review presents data for MeV, the concepts and principles introduced herein apply to other oncolytic viruses, providing a framework to assess novel cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Pidelaserra-Martí
- Research Group Mechanisms of Oncolytic Immunotherapy, Clinical Cooperation Unit Virotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University and Helmholtz International Graduate School for Cancer Research, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christine E Engeland
- Research Group Mechanisms of Oncolytic Immunotherapy, Clinical Cooperation Unit Virotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany; University Hospital Heidelberg, Department of Medical Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Health/School of Medicine, Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Germany.
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7
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Progress in gene therapy using oncolytic vaccinia virus as vectors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:2433-2440. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Li K, Liang J, Lin Y, Zhang H, Xiao X, Tan Y, Cai J, Zhu W, Xing F, Hu J, Yan G. A classical PKA inhibitor increases the oncolytic effect of M1 virus via activation of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48443-48455. [PMID: 27374176 PMCID: PMC5217030 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging and promising treatment modality that uses replicating viruses as selective antitumor agents. Here, we report that a classical protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H89, synergizes with oncolytic virus M1 in various cancer cells through activation of Epac1 (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1). H89 substantially increases viral replication in refractory cancer cells, leading to unresolvable Endoplasmic Reticulum stress, and cell apoptosis. Microarray analysis indicates that H89 blunts antiviral response in refractory cancer cells through retarding the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Importantly, in vivo studies show significant antitumor effects during M1/H89 combination treatment. Overall, this study reveals a previously unappreciated role for H89 and demonstrates that activation of the Epac1 activity can improve the responsiveness of biotherapeutic agents for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiankai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yaqian Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fan Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guangmei Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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9
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Zou M, Duan Y, Wang P, Gao R, Chen X, Ou Y, Liang M, Wang Z, Yuan Y, Wang L, Zhu H. DYT-40, a novel synthetic 2-styryl-5-nitroimidazole derivative, blocks malignant glioblastoma growth and invasion by inhibiting AEG-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27331. [PMID: 27251589 PMCID: PMC4890319 DOI: 10.1038/srep27331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) has been explored as a novel target for human glioma therapy, thus reflecting its potential contribution to gliomagenesis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of DYT-40, a novel synthetic 2-styryl-5-nitroimidazole derivative, on cell growth and invasion in glioblastoma (GBM) and uncovered the underlying mechanisms of this molecule. DYT-40 induces the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion of GBM cell lines. Furthermore, DYT-40 deactivates PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, suppresses AEG-1 expression, and inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation. DYT-40 reduced the tumor volumes in a rat C6 glioma model by apoptotic induction. Moreover, HE staining demonstrated that the glioma rat model treated with DYT-40 exhibited better defined tumor margins and fewer invasive cells to the contralateral striatum compared with the vehicle control and temozolomide-treated rats. Microscopic examination showed a decrease in AEG-1-positive cells in DYT-40-treated rats compared with the untreated controls. DYT-40-treatment increases the in vivo apoptotic response of glioma cells to DYT-40 treatment by TUNEL staining. In conclusion, the inhibitory effects of DYT-40 on growth and invasion in GBM suggest that DYT-40 might be a potential AEG-1 inhibitor to prevent the growth and motility of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijuan Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yongtao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xuguan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yingwei Ou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Mingxing Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhongchang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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