1
|
欧 倩, 陈 昭, 唐 静, 陈 梦, 张 云, 汪 川. [ Listeria Balanced Lethal Systems Expressing Cervical Cancer Antigen Genes: Construction and Basic Biological Characteristics]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2023; 54:1159-1166. [PMID: 38162066 PMCID: PMC10752777 DOI: 10.12182/20231160210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Objective To construct Listeria monocytogenes (LM) and Listeria ivanovii (LI) balanced lethal systems expressing cervical cancer antigens, to study their basic biological characteristics, and to provide reference data for the immunotherapy of cervical cancer. Methods Through seamless cloning via in vitro ligation kit, the HPV16 E6E7 fusion protein antigen gene constructed in our lab was spliced to the complement plasmid pCWgfp-LM dal-Amp that contained the nutritional gene dal. Then, we replaced the ampicillin (Amp) resistance gene of the complement plasmid with the asd nutrition gene. The ligation reaction mixture was transformed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) recipient bacteria DH5αΔasd and the complement plasmid pCWgfp-E6E7-LM dal-Ampfree, which expressed cervical cancer antigens and had no Amp resistance, was obtained by nutrition screening from the E. coli DH5αΔasd. The plasmid pCWgfp-E6E7-LM dal-Ampfree was complemented into LMΔdd and LIΔdd, the attenuated nutrition-deficient Listeria strains with the virulence genes actA and plcB and nutrition genes dal and dat deleted by electroporation, thereby obtaining LM and LI balanced lethal systems expressing cervical cancer antigen genes. The in vitro growth of the strains was observed. Western blot was performed to examine the status of antigen protein expression. PCR was performed to measure the in vitro passage stability of complement plasmid pCWgfp-E6E7-LM dal-Ampfree. Their basic biological characteristics were examined by biochemical reaction tests and hemolysis assay. Results Two Listeria balanced lethal systems expressing cervical cancer antigen were successfully constructed. The HPV16 type E6E7 fusion protein was successfully expressed in the two Listeria balanced lethal systems. pCWgfp-E6E7-LM dal-Ampfree, the positive plasmid expressing cervical cancer antigen, maintained stable existence in the two Listeria balanced lethal systems. The two Listeria balanced lethal systems expressing cervical cancer antigen showed significantly better recovery growth in comparison with Listeria nutrition deficiency strains. The results of biochemical reaction tests showed that most of the biochemical reaction of the two Listeria balanced lethal systems expressing cervical cancer antigen were consistent with those of Listeria attenuated strains. The two Listeria balanced lethal systems expressing cervical cancer antigen still maintained the hemolytic ability, although their hemolytic ability was slightly inferior to that of the Listeria balanced lethal systems not expressing cervical cancer antigen and the Listeria attenuated strains. Conclusion The two Listeria balanced lethal systems expressing cervical cancer antigen genes are constructed successfully. They display normal in vitro growth. The complement plasmid pCWgfp-E6E7-LM dal-Ampfree can maintain stable existence in vitro, showing little change in its biochemical characteristics and hemolytic ability. Further research should be conducted to investigate the potential of these two recombinant strains to be used as candidate strains for cervical cancer therapeutic vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 倩 欧
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 深圳市生医联盟生物科技集团有限公司 (深圳 518057)Shenzhen Biomed Alliance Biotech Group Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - 昭斌 陈
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 静 唐
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 梦蝶 陈
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 云雯 张
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 川 汪
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Han X, Sun Q, Xu M, Zhu G, Gao R, Ni B, Li J. Unraveling the Complexities of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 2023; 43:383-401. [PMID: 37931901 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as effective therapeutics for multiple cancers. Nevertheless, as immunotherapeutic approaches are being extensively utilized, substantial hurdles have arisen for clinicians. These include countering ICIs resistance and ensuring precise efficacy assessments of these drugs, especially in the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review attempts to offer a holistic overview of the latest insights into the ICIs resistance mechanisms in HCC, the molecular underpinnings, and immune response. The intent is to inspire the development of efficacious combination strategies. This review also examines the unconventional response patterns, namely pseudoprogression (PsP) and hyperprogression (HPD). The prompt and rigorous evaluation of these treatment efficacies has emerged as a crucial imperative. Multiple clinical, radiological, and biomarker tests have been advanced to meticulously assess tumor response. Despite progress, precise mechanisms of action and predictive biomarkers remain elusive. This necessitates further investigation through prospective cohort studies in the impending future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinpu Han
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianhui Sun
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Manman Xu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruike Gao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoyi Ni
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Papadakos SP, Arvanitakis K, Stergiou IE, Lekakis V, Davakis S, Christodoulou MI, Germanidis G, Theocharis S. The Role of TLR4 in the Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Can We Teach an Old Dog New Tricks? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2795. [PMID: 37345131 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Immunotherapy has emerged as the mainstay treatment option for unresectable HCC. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a crucial role in the innate immune response by recognizing and responding primarily to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. In addition to its role in the innate immune system, TLR4 has also been implicated in adaptive immunity, including specific anti-tumor immune responses. In particular, the TLR4 signaling pathway seems to be involved in the regulation of several cancer hallmarks, such as the continuous activation of cellular pathways that promote cell division and growth, the inhibition of programmed cell death, the promotion of several invasion and metastatic mechanisms, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and epigenetic modifications. Emerging evidence further suggests that TLR4 signaling holds promise as a potential immunotherapeutic target in HCC. The aim of this review was to explore the multilayer aspects of the TLR4 signaling pathway, regarding its role in liver diseases and HCC, as well as its potential utilization as an immunotherapy target for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stavros P Papadakos
- First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Arvanitakis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Basic and Translational Research Unit (BTRU), Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (BRESU), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioanna E Stergiou
- Pathophysiology Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Lekakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Davakis
- First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Ioanna Christodoulou
- Tumor Immunology and Biomarkers Laboratory, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center, Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
| | - Georgios Germanidis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Basic and Translational Research Unit (BTRU), Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (BRESU), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Atypical immunometabolism and metabolic reprogramming in liver cancer: Deciphering the role of gut microbiome. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 149:171-255. [PMID: 33579424 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Much recent research has delved into understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of HCC pathogenesis, which has revealed to be heterogenous and complex. Two major hallmarks of HCC include: (i) a hijacked immunometabolism and (ii) a reprogramming in metabolic processes. We posit that the gut microbiota is a third component in an entanglement triangle contributing to HCC progression. Besides metagenomic studies highlighting the diagnostic potential in the gut microbiota profile, recent research is pinpointing the gut microbiota as an instigator, not just a mere bystander, in HCC. In this chapter, we discuss mechanistic insights on atypical immunometabolism and metabolic reprogramming in HCC, including the examination of tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (e.g., T-cell exhaustion, regulatory T-cells, natural killer T-cells), the Warburg effect, rewiring of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and glutamine addiction. We further discuss the potential involvement of the gut microbiota in these characteristics of hepatocarcinogenesis. An immediate highlight is that microbiota metabolites (e.g., short chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids) can impair anti-tumor responses, which aggravates HCC. Lastly, we describe the rising 'new era' of immunotherapies (e.g., immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T-cell transfer) and discuss for the potential incorporation of gut microbiota targeted therapeutics (e.g., probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation) to alleviate HCC. Altogether, this chapter invigorates for continuous research to decipher the role of gut microbiome in HCC from its influence on immunometabolism and metabolic reprogramming.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mukaida N, Nakamoto Y. Emergence of immunotherapy as a novel way to treat hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1839-1858. [PMID: 29740200 PMCID: PMC5937202 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i17.1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunity proceeds through multiple processes, which consist of antigen presentation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) to educate effector cells and destruction by the effector cytotoxic cells. However, tumor immunity is frequently repressed at tumor sites. Malignantly transformed cells rarely survive the attack by the immune system, but cells that do survive change their phenotypes to reduce their immunogenicity. The resultant cells evade the attack by the immune system and form clinically discernible tumors. Tumor microenvironments simultaneously contain a wide variety of immune suppressive molecules and cells to dampen tumor immunity. Moreover, the liver microenvironment exhibits immune tolerance to reduce aberrant immune responses to massively-exposed antigens via the portal vein, and immune dysfunction is frequently associated with liver cirrhosis, which is widespread in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Immune therapy aims to reduce tumor burden, but it is also expected to prevent non-cancerous liver lesions from progressing to HCC, because HCC develops or recurs from non-cancerous liver lesions with chronic inflammatory states and/or cirrhosis and these lesions cannot be cured and/or eradicated by local and/or systemic therapies. Nevertheless, cancer immune therapy should augment specific tumor immunity by using two distinct measures: enhancing the effector cell functions such as antigen presentation capacity of APCs and tumor cell killing capacity of cytotoxic cells, and reactivating the immune system in immune-suppressive tumor microenvironments. Here, we will summarize the current status and discuss the future perspective on immune therapy for HCC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Antigen Presentation/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Humans
- Immune Tolerance/genetics
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Immunotherapy/trends
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yasunari Nakamoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Plasmodium parasite as an effective hepatocellular carcinoma antigen glypican-3 delivery vector. Oncotarget 2018; 8:24785-24796. [PMID: 28445973 PMCID: PMC5421888 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that malaria parasite infection has an anti-tumor effect in a mouse model. This research aimed to investigate the possibility of using Plasmodium parasite as a novel vaccine vector for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunotherapy. We constructed a Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL strain (P.y) expressing murine glypican-3 (GPC3) protein (P.y-GPC3), and examined its therapeutic potency in a murine Hepa1-6-induced hepatoma model that highly expressed GPC3 protein. The prerequisites for invoking a CD8+ T cell response were assessed after P.y-based immunization, which included obviously increased concentrations of T helper cell type 1 (Th1)-associated cytokines, such as IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α, in serum and preferential expansion of the CD8α+ dendritic cell (DC) subset with higher expression of CD80 and CD86 molecules. Compared with uninfected and wild-type P.y-infected mice, a significant GPC3-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response was detected in P.y-GPC3 vaccinated mice. Furthermore, P.y-GPC3-based vaccination dramatically inhibited Hepa1-6-induced tumor growth in the implanted HCC and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. We concluded that a Plasmodium-based vector is highly efficient in inducing tumor antigen-specific T cell-mediated immunity and protection against tumor cells. More broadly, this strategy supported our hypothesis that Plasmodium parasites, as novel therapeutic antigen vectors, may be applicable to tumor immunotherapy for patients with HCC.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hochnadel I, Kossatz-Boehlert U, Jedicke N, Lenzen H, Manns MP, Yevsa T. Cancer vaccines and immunotherapeutic approaches in hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2931-2952. [PMID: 29112462 PMCID: PMC5718787 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1359362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers along with other gastrointestinal malignancies remain the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Strategies developed in the recent years on immunotherapy and cancer vaccines in the setting of primary liver cancer as well as in pancreatic cancer are the scope of this review. Significance of orthotopic and autochthonous animal models which mimic and/or closely reflect human malignancies allowing for a prompt and trustworthy analysis of new therapeutics is underlined. Combinational approaches that on one hand, specifically target a defined cancer-driving pathway, and on the other hand, restore the functions of immune cells, which effector functions are often suppressed by a tumor milieu, are shown to have the strongest perspectives and future directions. Among combinational immunotherapeutic approaches a personalized- and individual cancer case-based therapy is of special importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Hochnadel
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Uta Kossatz-Boehlert
- b Institute for Neuroanatomy, Eberhard-Karls University Tuebingen , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Nils Jedicke
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Henrike Lenzen
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Michael P Manns
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Tetyana Yevsa
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lou J, Li X, Huang W, Liang J, Zheng M, Xu T, Lyu J, Li D, Xu Q, Jin X, Fu G, Wang D, Lu L. SNX10 promotes phagosome maturation in macrophages and protects mice against Listeria monocytogenes infection. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53935-53947. [PMID: 28903313 PMCID: PMC5589552 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), which is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes listeriosis, is widely used to study the mammalian immune response to infection. After phagocytosis by professional phagocytes, L. monocytogenes is initially contained within phagosomes, which mature into phagolysosomes, where the bacteria are degraded. Although phagocytosis and subsequent phagosome maturation is essential for the clearance of infectious microbial pathogens, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are still unclear. SNX10 (Sorting nexin 10) has the simplest structure of the SNX family and has been reported to regulate endosomal morphology, which might be crucial for macrophage function, including phagocytosis and digestion of pathogens, inflammatory response, and antigen presentation. Our results showed that SNX10 expression was upregulated following L. monocytogenes infection in macrophages. It was also revealed that SNX10 promoted phagosome maturation by recruiting the Mon1-Ccz1 complex to endosomes and phagosomes. As a result, SNX10 deficiency decreased the bacterial killing ability of macrophages, and SNX10-deficient mice showed increased susceptibility to L. monocytogenes infection in vivo. Thus, this study revealed an essential role of SNX10 in controlling bacterial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lou
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiawei Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuexiao Jin
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guotong Fu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linrong Lu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Han Z, Yang D, Trivett A, Oppenheim JJ. Therapeutic vaccine to cure large mouse hepatocellular carcinomas. Oncotarget 2017; 8:52061-52071. [PMID: 28881713 PMCID: PMC5581012 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with limited therapeutic options. Here we report the development of a therapeutic vaccination regimen (shortened as ‘TheraVac’) consisting of intratumoral delivery of high-mobility group nucleosome-binding protein 1 (HMGN1), R848/resiquimod, and one of the checkpoint inhibitors (e.g. anti-CTLA4, anti-PD-L1, or low dose of Cytoxan). C57BL/6 mice harboring large (approximately 1 cm in diameter) established subcutaneous Hepa1-6 hepatomas were cured by intratumoral injections of TheraVac and became tumor-free long-term survivors. Importantly, the resultant tumor-free mice were resistant to re-challenge with Hepa1-6 hepatoma, not B16 melanoma, demonstrating the acquisition of hepatoma-specific immunity in the absence of any administered tumor antigen. Mechanistic studies showed that upon treatment with TheraVac, Hepa1-6-bearing mice generated increased Hepa1-6-specific CTLs in the draining lymph nodes and showed greatly upregulated expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, and IFN-γ and elevated infiltration of T lymphocytes in tumor tissues. Treatment of large Hepa1-6 hepatomas on one mouse flank also eliminated smaller (approximately 0.5 cm in diameter) hepatomas implanted on the other flank. Thus, TheraVac has potential as a curative immunotherapeutic regimen for the treatment of human HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Han
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - De Yang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Anna Trivett
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Joost J Oppenheim
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jia YY, Tan WJ, Duan FF, Pan ZM, Chen X, Yin YL, Jiao XA. A Genetically Modified attenuated Listeria Vaccine Expressing HPV16 E7 Kill Tumor Cells in Direct and Antigen-Specific Manner. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:279. [PMID: 28706878 PMCID: PMC5489629 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes, LM) induces specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses, and has been identified as a promising cancer vaccine vector. Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide, with human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly type 16, being the main etiological factor. The therapeutic HPV vaccines are urgently needed. The E7 protein of HPV is necessary for maintaining malignancy in tumor cells. Here, a genetically modified attenuated LM expressing HPV16 E7 protein was constructed. Intraperitoneal vaccination of LM4Δhly::E7 significantly reduced tumor size and even resulted in complete regression of established tumors in a murine model of cervical cancer. We provided evidence that recombinant LM strains could enter the tumor tissue and induce non-specific tumor cell death, probably via activation of reactive oxygen species and increased intracellular Ca2+ levels. LM4Δhly::E7 effectively triggered a strong antigen-specific cellular immunity in tumor-bearing mice, and elicited significant infiltration of T cells in the intratumoral milieu. In summary, these data showed LM4Δhly::E7 to be effective in a cervical cancer model and LM4Δhly::E7 induced an antitumor effect by antigen-specific cellular immune responses and direct killing of tumor cells, indicating a potential application against cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Wei Jun Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Fei Fei Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Ming Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Yue Lan Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| | - Xin An Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sepehri Z, Kiani Z, Kohan F, Alavian SM, Ghavami S. Toll like receptor 4 and hepatocellular carcinoma; A systematic review. Life Sci 2017; 179:80-87. [PMID: 28472619 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an extracellular pathogen recognition receptor (PRR) which recognizes a wide range of pathogens and damage associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs). It can activate intracellular signaling and consequently transcription factors which participate in transcription from either immune related or malignancy genes. Thus, it has been hypothesized that TLR4 may be a cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This article has reviewed the roles of TLR4 in the pathogenesis of HCC. METHOD "TLR4", "hepatocellular carcinoma", "liver tumor" and "liver cancer" were used as key words for searching in Scopus, Google Scholar and MEDLINE scientific databases. RESULTS Most of the investigations documented the roles of TLR4 in induction of HCC via several mechanisms including increased number of T regulatory lymphocytes and liver resident follicular helper like cells, increased production of pro-inflammatory and malignancy related molecules including cytokines, NANOG, Caspase-1, Ephrin-A1, NO and BCL6. TLR4 participates in the proliferation of the cells and also production of the molecules in both chronic infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. DISCUSSION TLR4 is an innate immunity receptor which plays a pathogenic role during chronic inflammation and can induce HCC in human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sepehri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Zohre Kiani
- Zabol Medicinal Plant Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran; Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Farhad Kohan
- Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nakamoto Y. Promising new strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2017; 47:251-265. [PMID: 27558453 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide. It usually arises based on a background of chronic liver diseases, defined as the hypercarcinogenic state. The current treatment options for HCC ranging from locoregional treatments to chemotherapies, including sorafenib, effectively regulate the limited sizes and numbers of the nodules. However, these treatments remain unsatisfactory because they have insufficient antitumor effects on the large and numerous nodules associated with HCC and because of a high recurrence rate in the surrounding inflamed liver. To develop novel and promising therapies with higher antitumor effects, recent progress in identifying molecular targets and developing immunological procedures for HCC are reviewed. The molecular targets discussed include the intracellular signaling pathways of protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin and RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase, Wnt/β-catenin and glutamine synthetase, insulin-like growth factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, nuclear factor-κB and telomerase reverse transcriptase, and c-MET. Immunological studies have focused mainly on target identification, T cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, natural killer T cells, and vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Nakamoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| |
Collapse
|