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Zhang WJ, Hu CL, Guo BL, Liang XP, Wang CY, Yang T. STAT5B Suppresses Ferroptosis by Promoting DCAF13 Transcription to Regulate p53/xCT Pathway to Promote Mantle Cell Lymphoma Progression. Biologics 2024; 18:181-193. [PMID: 38979130 PMCID: PMC11229983 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s461287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze the mechanism by which STAT5B inhibits ferroptosis in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) by promoting DCAF13 transcriptional regulation of p53/xCT pathway. Methods The correlations between STAT5B, DCAF13 and ferroptosis in MCL were analyzed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA, http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/index.html). The expression levels and pairwise correlations of STAT5B, DCAF13, p53 and xCT in MCL patients were detected, respectively. STAT5B was silenced to confirm their criticality in MCL ferroptosis. the effects of blocking necrosis, apoptosis and ferroptosis on the anti-MCL effects of STAT5B were examined. Cells with STAT5B overexpression and/or DCAF13 silencing were constructed to confirm the involvement of DCAF13 in the STAT5B-regulated p53/xCT pathway. The regulation of p53 ubiquitination was confirmed by DCAF13 overexpression and MG132. The effects of silencing DCAF13 and MG132 on STAT5B overexpression on MCL was clarified by a tumor-bearing nude mouse model. Results DCAF13 was overexpressed in MCL and positively correlated with STAT5B, negatively correlated with p53, and positively correlated with xCT. Inhibition of ferroptosis alleviated the inhibitory effects of siSTAT5B on MCL, while inhibition of necrosis and apoptosis had few effects. Silencing of DCAF13 led to the blocking of STAT5B regulation of p53/xCT and ferroptosis. The changes in DCAF13 and the addition of MG132 did not have statistically significant effects on p53 mRNA. Elevation of DCAF13 resulted in downregulation of p53 protein levels, and this inhibition was reversed by MG132. In animal models, the promotion of MCL and the inhibition of ferroptosis by STAT5B. Silencing of DCAF13 blocked STAT5B inhibition of p53 and induction of xCT, GPX4, and GSH. Conclusion STAT5B suppresses ferroptosis by promoting DCAF13 transcription to regulate p53/xCT pathway to promote MCL progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jun Zhang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Ling Hu
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Ling Guo
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Ping Liang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yu Wang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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2
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Muri J, Kopf M. The thioredoxin system: Balancing redox responses in immune cells and tumors. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2249948. [PMID: 36285367 PMCID: PMC10100330 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202249948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The thioredoxin (TRX) system is an important contributor to cellular redox balance and regulates cell growth, apoptosis, gene expression, and antioxidant defense in nearly all living cells. Oxidative stress, the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, can lead to cell death and tissue damage, thereby contributing to aging and to the development of several diseases, including cardiovascular and allergic diseases, diabetes, and neurological disorders. Targeting its activity is also considered as a promising strategy in the treatment of cancer. Over the past years, immunologists have established an essential function of TRX for activation, proliferation, and responses in T cells, B cells, and macrophages. Upon activation, immune cells rearrange their redox system and activate the TRX pathway to promote proliferation through sustainment of nucleotide biosynthesis, and to support inflammatory responses in myeloid cells by allowing NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome responses. Consequently, targeting the TRX system may therapeutically be exploited to inhibit immune responses in inflammatory conditions. In this review, we summarize recent insights revealing key roles of the TRX pathway in immune cells in health and disease, and lessons learnt for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Muri
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Gothland A, Jary A, Grange P, Leducq V, Beauvais-Remigereau L, Dupin N, Marcelin AG, Calvez V. Harnessing Redox Disruption to Treat Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) Related Malignancies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010084. [PMID: 36670946 PMCID: PMC9854560 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogrammed metabolism is regarded as a hallmark of cancer and offers a selective advantage to tumor cells during carcinogenesis. The redox equilibrium is necessary for growth, spread and the antioxidant pathways are boosted following Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production to prevent cell damage in tumor cells. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the etiologic agent of Kaposi sarcoma KS and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), is an oncogenic virus that disrupts cell survival-related molecular signaling pathways leading to immune host evasion, cells growths, angiogenesis and inflammatory tumor-environment. We recently reported that primaquine diphosphate causes cell death by apoptosis in HHV-8 infected PEL cell lines in vivo and exhibits therapeutic anti-tumor activity in mice models and advanced KS. Our findings also suggest that the primaquine-induced apoptosis in PEL cells is mostly influenced by ROS production and targeting the redox balance could be a new approach to treat HHV-8 related diseases. In this review, we summarized the knowledge about the influence of ROS in cancer development; more specifically, the proof of evidence from our work and from the literature that redox pathways are important for the development of HHV-8 pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adélie Gothland
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Department of Virology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Aude Jary
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Department of Virology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (V.C.); Tel.: +33-1-42-17-74-01 (A.J.)
| | - Philippe Grange
- Cutaneous Biology Lab, INSERM U1016, UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, 24 Rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, CeGGID et CNR IST Bactériennes, Hôpital Cochin Site Port Royale, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre Cochin-Hôtel Dieu-Broca, 123 Boulevard de Port Royal, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Valentin Leducq
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Department of Virology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Dupin
- Cutaneous Biology Lab, INSERM U1016, UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, 24 Rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, CeGGID et CNR IST Bactériennes, Hôpital Cochin Site Port Royale, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre Cochin-Hôtel Dieu-Broca, 123 Boulevard de Port Royal, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Geneviève Marcelin
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Department of Virology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Calvez
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Department of Virology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (V.C.); Tel.: +33-1-42-17-74-01 (A.J.)
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Sheng L, Luo Q, Chen L. Amino Acid Solute Carrier Transporters in Inflammation and Autoimmunity. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:DMD-AR-2021-000705. [PMID: 35152203 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The past decade exposed the importance of many homeostasis and metabolism related proteins in autoimmunity disease and inflammation. Solute carriers (SLCs) are a group of membrane channels that can transport amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, nutrients, and neurotransmitters. This review summarizes the role of SLCs amino acid transporters in inflammation and autoimmunity disease. In detail, the importance of Glutamate transporters SLC1A1, SLC1A2, and SLC1A3, mainly expressed in the brain where they help prevent glutamate excitotoxicity, is discussed in the context of central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis. Similarly, the cationic amino acid transporter SLC7A1 (CAT1), which is an important arginine transporter for T cells, and SLC7A2 (CAT2), essential for innate immunity. SLC3 family proteins, which bind with light chains from the SLC7 family (SLC7A5, SLC7A7 and SLC7A11) to form heteromeric amino acid transporters, are also explored to describe their roles in T cells, NK cells, macrophages and tumor immunotherapies. Altogether, the link between SLC amino acid transporters with inflammation and autoimmunity may contribute to a better understanding of underlying mechanism of disease and provide novel potential therapeutic avenues. Significance Statement SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this review, we summarize the link between SLC amino acid transporters and inflammation and immune responses, specially SLC1 family members and SLC7 members. Studying the link may contribute to a better understanding of related diseases and provide potential therapeutic targets and useful to the researchers who have interest in the involvement of amino acids in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Luo
- Tsinghua University, China
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5
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Primaquine as a Candidate for HHV-8-Associated Primary Effusion Lymphoma and Kaposi’s Sarcoma Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030543. [PMID: 35158811 PMCID: PMC8833810 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Primaquine diphosphate is introduced as a promising therapeutic candidate for HHV-8-associated diseases by inducing specific cytotoxicity in vitro through ROS- and ER stress-mediated apoptosis. PQ presented a promising anti-tumor effect in an in vivo PEL mouse model and in KS patients within a pilot clinical study. Abstract Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is associated with three main severe orphan malignancies, Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD), and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which present few therapeutic options. We identified the antimalarial primaquine diphosphate (PQ) as a promising therapeutic candidate for HHV-8-associated PEL and KS. Indeed, PQ strongly reduced cell viability through caspase-dependent apoptosis, specifically in HHV-8-infected PEL cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis signaling pathways were found to be part of the in vitro cytotoxic effect of PQ. Moreover, PQ treatment had a clinically positive effect in a nonobese diabetic (NOD)/SCID xenograft PEL mouse model, showing a reduction in tumor growth and an improvement in survival. Finally, an exploratory proof-of-concept clinical trial in four patients harboring severe KS was conducted, with the main objectives to assess the efficacy, the safety, and the tolerability of PQ, and which demonstrated a positive efficacy on Kaposi’s sarcoma-related lesions and lymphedema.
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Vijayan K, Wei L, Glennon EKK, Mattocks C, Bourgeois N, Staker B, Kaushansky A. Host-targeted Interventions as an Exciting Opportunity to Combat Malaria. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10452-10468. [PMID: 34197083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Terminal and benign diseases alike in adults, children, pregnant women, and others are successfully treated by pharmacological inhibitors that target human enzymes. Despite extensive global efforts to fight malaria, the disease continues to be a massive worldwide health burden, and new interventional strategies are needed. Current drugs and vector control strategies have contributed to the reduction in malaria deaths over the past 10 years, but progress toward eradication has waned in recent years. Resistance to antimalarial drugs is a substantial and growing problem. Moreover, targeting dormant forms of the malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax is only possible with two approved drugs, which are both contraindicated for individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and in pregnant women. Plasmodium parasites are obligate intracellular parasites and thus have specific and absolute requirements of their hosts. Growing evidence has described these host necessities, paving the way for opportunities to pharmacologically target host factors to eliminate Plasmodium infection. Here, we describe progress in malaria research and adjacent fields and discuss key challenges that remain in implementing host-directed therapy against malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Wei
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | | | - Christa Mattocks
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Natasha Bourgeois
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States.,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Bart Staker
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Alexis Kaushansky
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States.,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States.,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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7
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Kahya U, Köseer AS, Dubrovska A. Amino Acid Transporters on the Guard of Cell Genome and Epigenome. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E125. [PMID: 33401748 PMCID: PMC7796306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is driven by metabolic reprogramming. Oncogenic mutations and epigenetic alterations that cause metabolic rewiring may also upregulate the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Precise regulation of the intracellular ROS levels is critical for tumor cell growth and survival. High ROS production leads to the damage of vital macromolecules, such as DNA, proteins, and lipids, causing genomic instability and further tumor evolution. One of the hallmarks of cancer metabolism is deregulated amino acid uptake. In fast-growing tumors, amino acids are not only the source of energy and building intermediates but also critical regulators of redox homeostasis. Amino acid uptake regulates the intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels, endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein response signaling, mTOR-mediated antioxidant defense, and epigenetic adaptations of tumor cells to oxidative stress. This review summarizes the role of amino acid transporters as the defender of tumor antioxidant system and genome integrity and discusses them as promising therapeutic targets and tumor imaging tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Kahya
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (A.S.K.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ayşe Sedef Köseer
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (A.S.K.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (U.K.); (A.S.K.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Abstract
Metabolic pathways and redox reactions are at the core of life. In the past decade(s), numerous discoveries have shed light on how metabolic pathways determine the cellular fate and function of lymphoid and myeloid cells, giving rise to an area of research referred to as immunometabolism. Upon activation, however, immune cells not only engage specific metabolic pathways but also rearrange their oxidation-reduction (redox) system, which in turn supports metabolic reprogramming. In fact, studies addressing the redox metabolism of immune cells are an emerging field in immunology. Here, we summarize recent insights revealing the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the differential requirement of the main cellular antioxidant pathways, including the components of the thioredoxin (TRX) and glutathione (GSH) pathways, as well as their transcriptional regulator NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), for proliferation, survival and function of T cells, B cells and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Muri
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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9
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Photochemotherapy Induces Interferon Type III Expression via STING Pathway. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112452. [PMID: 33182724 PMCID: PMC7697763 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA-damaging cancer therapies induce interferon expression and stimulate the immune system, promoting therapy responses. The immune-activating STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway is induced when DNA or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is detected in the cell cytoplasm, which can be caused by viral infection or by DNA damage following chemo- or radiotherapy. Here, we investigated the responses of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cells to the clinically applied DNA crosslinking photochemotherapy (combination of 8–methoxypsoralen and UVA light; 8–MOP + UVA). We showed that this treatment evokes interferon expression and that the type III interferon IFNL1 is the major cytokine induced. IFNL1 upregulation is dependent on STING and on the cytoplasmic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). Furthermore, 8–MOP + UVA treatment induced the expression of genes in pathways involved in response to the tumor necrosis factor, innate immune system and acute inflammatory response. Notably, a subset of these genes was under control of the STING–IFNL1 pathway. In conclusion, our data connected DNA damage with immune system activation via the STING pathway and contributed to a better understanding of the effectiveness of photochemotherapy.
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10
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Sun C, Guo Y, Zhou W, Xia C, Xing X, Chen J, Li X, Zhu H, Lu J. p300 promotes cell proliferation through suppressing Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) reactivation in the infected B-lymphoma cells. Virus Res 2020; 286:198066. [PMID: 32553609 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) is a B-cell lymphoma associated with Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. However, the mechanism of oncogenesis of PEL is still unclear. Studies have shown that the cellular transcriptional coactivator p300 regulates the interaction between host and virus, which plays a vital role in viral replication. In this study, we investigated the role of p300 in BCBL1 cells during the KSHV life cycle. We found that p300 knockout resulted in an overall increase for the early lytic genes and changed the expression of genes associated with tumor development, proliferation, and the immune response in the KSHV infected B cells. However, knockout of p300 significantly inhibited the expression of the immediate-early gene RTA and the late lytic gene K8 after KSHV lytic activation. Additionally, the intracellular KSHV genome copy number and the virion production were reduced. These results demonstrated that p300 plays a crucial role in suppressing KSHV viral replication in BCBL1. Furthermore, we observed that the growth of BCBL1 was inhibited by knockout of p300, which confirmed our findings that p300 promotes cell proliferation. This study further provided evidence that p300 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of BCBL1, which might lead to the oncogenesis of PEL caused by KSHV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankai Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yizhen Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chuan Xia
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiwen Xing
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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11
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Muri J, Thut H, Heer S, Krueger CC, Bornkamm GW, Bachmann MF, Kopf M. The thioredoxin-1 and glutathione/glutaredoxin-1 systems redundantly fuel murine B-cell development and responses. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:709-723. [PMID: 30802940 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201848044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant systems maintain cellular redox homeostasis. The thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) and the glutathione (GSH)/glutaredoxin-1 (Grx1) systems are key players in preserving cytosolic redox balance. In fact, T lymphocytes critically rely on reducing equivalents from the Trx1 system for DNA biosynthesis during metabolic reprogramming upon activation. We here show that the Trx1 system is also indispensable for development and functionality of marginal zone (MZ) B cells and B1 cells in mice. In contrast, development of conventional B cells, follicular B-cell homeostasis, germinal center reactions, and antibody responses are redundantly sustained by both antioxidant pathways. Proliferating B2 cells lacking Txnrd1 have increased glutathione (GSH) levels and upregulated cytosolic Grx1, which is barely detectable in expanding thymocytes. These results suggest that the redox capacity driving proliferation is more robust and flexible in B cells than in T cells, which may have profound implications for the therapy of B and T-cell neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Muri
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helen Thut
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Heer
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline C Krueger
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Department of Immunology RIA, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georg W Bornkamm
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology and Tumor Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Martin F Bachmann
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Department of Immunology RIA, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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12
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Sehm T, Rauh M, Wiendieck K, Buchfelder M, Eyüpoglu IIY, Savaskan NE. Temozolomide toxicity operates in a xCT/SLC7a11 dependent manner and is fostered by ferroptosis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:74630-74647. [PMID: 27612422 PMCID: PMC5342691 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The glutamate exchanger xCT (SLC7a11) is causally linked with the malignancy grade of brain tumors and represents a key player in glutamate, cystine and glutathione metabolism. Although blocking xCT is not cytotoxic for brain tumors, xCT inhibition disrupts the neurodegenerative and microenvironment-toxifying activity of gliomas. Here, we report on the use of various xCT inhibitors as single modal drugs and in combination with the autophagy-inducing standard chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide (Temodal/Temcad®, TMZ). xCT overexpressing cells (xCTOE) are more resistant to the FDA and EMA approved drug sulfasalazine (Azulfidine/Salazopyrin/Sulazine®, SAS) and RNAi-mediated xCT knock down (xCTKD) in gliomas increases the susceptibility towards SAS in rodent gliomas. In human gliomas, challenged xCT expression had no impact on SAS-induced cytotoxicity. Noteworthy, other xCT inhibitors such as erastin and sorafenib showed enhanced efficacy on xCTKD gliomas. In contrast, cytotoxic action of TMZ operates independently from xCT expression levels on rodent gliomas. Human glioma cells with silenced xCT expression display higher vulnerability towards TMZ alone as well as towards combined TMZ and SAS. Hence, we tested the partial xCT blockers and ferroptosis inducing agents erastin and sorafenib (Nexavar®, FDA and EMA-approved drug for lung cancer). Noteworthy, xCTOE gliomas withstand erastin and sorafenib-induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas siRNA-mediated xCT knock down increased susceptibility towards erastin and sorafenib. TMZ efficacy can be potentiated when combined with erastin, however not by sorafenib. Moreover, gliomas with high xCT expression are more vulnerable towards combinatorial treatment with erastin-temozolomide. These results disclose that ferroptosis inducers are valid compounds for potentiating the frontline therapeutic agent temozolomide in a multitoxic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Sehm
- Translational Cell Biology & Neurooncology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Medical School of The Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6 (Kopfklinik), Germany
| | - Manfred Rauh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Medical School of The Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Kurt Wiendieck
- Department of Spinal Colum Therapies, Kliniken Dr. Erler, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Michael Buchfelder
- Translational Cell Biology & Neurooncology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Medical School of The Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6 (Kopfklinik), Germany
| | - IIker Y Eyüpoglu
- Translational Cell Biology & Neurooncology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Medical School of The Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6 (Kopfklinik), Germany
| | - Nicolai E Savaskan
- Translational Cell Biology & Neurooncology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Medical School of The Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6 (Kopfklinik), Germany.,BiMECON Ent. Berlin, Germany
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13
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Dahlmanns M, Yakubov E, Chen D, Sehm T, Rauh M, Savaskan N, Wrosch JK. Chemotherapeutic xCT inhibitors sorafenib and erastin unraveled with the synaptic optogenetic function analysis tool. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17030. [PMID: 28835855 PMCID: PMC5541984 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search for new potential chemotherapeutics, the compounds’ toxicity to healthy cells is an important factor. The brain with its functional units, the neurons, is especially endangered during the radio- and chemotherapeutic treatment of brain tumors. The effect of the potential compounds not only on neuronal survival but also neuronal function needs to be taken into account. Therefore, in this study we aimed to comprehend the biological effects of chemotherapeutic xCT inhibition on healthy neuronal cells with our synaptic optogenetic function analysis tool (SOFA). We combined common approaches, such as investigation of morphological markers, neuronal function and cell metabolism. The glutamate-cystine exchanger xCT (SLC7A11, system Xc−) is the main glutamate exporter in malignant brain tumors and as such a relevant drug target for treating deadly glioblastomas (WHO grades III and IV). Recently, two small molecules termed sorafenib (Nexavar) and erastin have been found to efficiently block xCT function. We investigated neuronal morphology, metabolic secretome profiles, synaptic function and cell metabolism of primary hippocampal cultures (containing neurons and glial cells) treated with sorafenib and erastin in clinically relevant concentrations. We found that sorafenib severely damaged neurons already after 24 h of treatment. Noteworthy, also at a lower concentration, where no morphological damage or metabolic disturbance was monitored, sorafenib still interfered with synaptic and metabolic homeostasis. In contrast, erastin-treated neurons displayed mostly inconspicuous morphology and metabolic rates. Key parameters of proper neuronal function, such as synaptic vesicle pool sizes, were however disrupted following erastin application. In conclusion, our data revealed that while sorafenib and erastin effectively inhibited xCT function they also interfered with essential neuronal (synaptic) function. These findings highlight the particular importance of investigating the effects of potential neurooncological and general cancer chemotherapeutics also on healthy neuronal cells and their function as revealed by the SOFA tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Dahlmanns
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eduard Yakubov
- Translational Neurooncology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Daishi Chen
- Translational Neurooncology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tina Sehm
- Translational Neurooncology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Rauh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolai Savaskan
- Translational Neurooncology Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,BiMECON Ent., Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Katharina Wrosch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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14
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The oxido-metabolic driver ATF4 enhances temozolamide chemo-resistance in human gliomas. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51164-51176. [PMID: 28881638 PMCID: PMC5584239 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are devastating neoplasia with limited curative treatment options. Temozolomide (TMZ, Temcat®, Temodal® or Temodar®) is a first-line treatment for malignant gliomas but the development of drug resistance remains a major concern. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a critical oxido-metabolic regulator in gliomas, and its role in the pathogenesis of TMZ-resistance remains elusive. We investigated the effect of TMZ on human glioma cells under conditions of enhanced ATF4 expression (ATF4OE) and ATF4 knock down (ATF4KD). We monitored cell survival, ATF4 mRNA expression of ATF4 and xCT (SLC7a11) regulation within human gliomas. TMZ treatment induces a transcriptional response with elevated expression of ATF4, xCT and Nrf2, as a sign of ER stress and toxic cell damage response. ATF4 overexpression (ATF4OE) fosters TMZ resistance in human gliomas and inhibits TMZ-induced autophagy. Conversely, ATF4 suppression by small interfering RNAs (ATF4KD) leads to increased TMZ susceptibility and autophagy in comparison to wild type gliomas. ATF4OE gliomas show reduced cell cycle shift and apoptotic cell death, whereas ATF4KD gliomas reveal higher susceptibility towards cell cycle rearrangements. Hence, the migration capacity of ATF4OE glioma cells is almost not affected by TMZ treatment. In contrast, ATF4KD gliomas show a migratory stop following TMZ application. Mechanistically, xCT elevation is a consequence of ATF4 activation and increased levels of xCT amplifies ATF4-induced TMZ resistance. Our data show that ATF4 operates as a chemo-resistance gene in gliomas, and the tumor promoting function of ATF4 is mainly determined by its transcriptional target xCT. Therefore, therapeutic inactivation of ATF4 can be a promising strategy to overcome chemo-resistance and promote drug efficacy in human gliomas.
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15
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Qin Z, Cao Y, Dai L. Genomic analysis of xCT-regulatory network in KSHV + primary effusion lymphomas. GENOMICS DATA 2016; 8:16-7. [PMID: 27081633 PMCID: PMC4818344 DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiological agent of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), a rapidly progressing malignancy mostly arising in HIV-infected patients Chen et al. (2007) [1]. Even under conventional chemotherapy, PEL continues to portend nearly 100% mortality within several months, which urgently requires novel therapeutic strategies. We have previously demonstrated that targeting xCT, an amino acid transporter for cystine/glutamate exchange, induces significant PEL cell apoptosis through regulation of multiple host and viral factors [2]. More importantly, one of xCT selective inhibitors, Sulfasalazine (SASP), effectively prevents PEL tumor progression in an immune-deficient xenograft model [2]. In the current study, we use Illumina microarray to explore the profile of genes altered by SASP treatment within 3 KSHV + PEL cell-lines, and discover that many genes involved in oxidative stress/antioxidant defense system, apoptosis/anti-apoptosis/cell death, and cellular response to unfolded proteins/topologically incorrect proteins are potentially regulated by xCT Dai et al. (2015) [3]. The microarray original data have been submitted to Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (Accession number: GSE65418).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Qin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China; Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Yueyu Cao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lu Dai
- Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai 200120, China; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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16
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Dai L, Trillo-Tinoco J, Cao Y, Bonstaff K, Doyle L, Del Valle L, Whitby D, Parsons C, Reiss K, Zabaleta J, Qin Z. Targeting HGF/c-MET induces cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis for primary effusion lymphoma. Blood 2015; 126:2821-31. [PMID: 26531163 PMCID: PMC4692142 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-07-658823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a principal causative agent of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) with a poor prognosis in immunocompromised patients. However, it still lacks effective treatment which urgently requires the identification of novel therapeutic targets for PEL. Here, we report that the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET pathway is highly activated by KSHV in vitro and in vivo. The selective c-MET inhibitor, PF-2341066, can induce PEL apoptosis through cell cycle arrest and DNA damage, and suppress tumor progression in a xenograft murine model. By using microarray analysis, we identify many novel genes that are potentially controlled by HGF/c-MET within PEL cells. One of the downstream candidates, ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2 (RRM2), also displays the promising therapeutic value for PEL treatment. Our findings provide the framework for development of HGF/c-MET-focused therapy and implementation of clinical trials for PEL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dai
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA; Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Medicine and
| | - Jimena Trillo-Tinoco
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Yueyu Cao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Luis Del Valle
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Denise Whitby
- Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD; and
| | | | | | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA; Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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