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Lumibao JC, Tremblay JR, Hsu J, Engle DD. Altered glycosylation in pancreatic cancer and beyond. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20211505. [PMID: 35522218 PMCID: PMC9086500 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the deadliest cancers and is projected to soon be the second leading cause of cancer death. Median survival of PDA patients is 6-10 mo, with the majority of diagnoses occurring at later, metastatic stages that are refractory to treatment and accompanied by worsening prognoses. Glycosylation is one of the most common types of post-translational modifications. The complex landscape of glycosylation produces an extensive repertoire of glycan moieties, glycoproteins, and glycolipids, thus adding a dynamic and tunable level of intra- and intercellular signaling regulation. Aberrant glycosylation is a feature of cancer progression and influences a broad range of signaling pathways to promote disease onset and progression. However, despite being so common, the functional consequences of altered glycosylation and their potential as therapeutic targets remain poorly understood and vastly understudied in the context of PDA. In this review, the functionality of glycans as they contribute to hallmarks of PDA are highlighted as active regulators of disease onset, tumor progression, metastatic capability, therapeutic resistance, and remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment. A deeper understanding of the functional consequences of altered glycosylation will facilitate future hypothesis-driven studies and identify novel therapeutic strategies in PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jasper Hsu
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
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Tokhanbigli S, Asadirad A, Baghaei K, Piccin A, Yarian F, Parsamanesh G, Hashemi SM, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Zali MR. Dendritic Cell-Based Therapy Using LY6E Peptide with a Putative Role Against Colorectal Cancer. Immunotargets Ther 2020; 9:95-104. [PMID: 32548075 PMCID: PMC7250699 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s245913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Albeit early stage gastrointestinal (GI) carcinomas have a good prognosis if treated with surgery, diagnosis is often confirmed at a late stage and efficacious drugs are lacking. Recent progress in immune-based therapies has focused on dendritic cells (DCs), aiming to elicit tumor-specific responses by inducing immunological memory. Our previous microarray study indicated that a biomarker, termed lymphocyte antigen-6E (LY6E), is commonly overexpressed in two potentially lethal GI cancers: those of colon and stomach. In this study, we examined the antigenic potency of LY6E in stimulating DCs. Methods Following isolation, differentiation, and maturation of mononuclear cells, DCs were pulsed with LY6E peptide, a protein related to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I/II. Subsequently, DCs were co-cultured with mouse splenocytes to assess antigen-specific T-cell proliferation. Elucidated cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses were assessed using subcutaneous colorectal murine tumor models. Results Our in vitro results suggest that DCs loaded with LY6E peptide antigen are capable of stimulating and inducing proliferation of murine T-cells. Furthermore, our in vivo results demonstrate that LY6E peptide has a substantial impact on provoking immune responses against induced colon cancer in mice. Discussion In conclusion, based on the overexpression of LY6E in colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers, the role of this peptide should be further investigated with a goal of developing new therapies for these challenging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Tokhanbigli
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asadirad
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andrea Piccin
- Haematology Department, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Fatemeh Yarian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gilda Parsamanesh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yang J, Hu S, Shangguan J, Eresen A, Li Y, Pan L, Ma Q, Velichko Y, Wang J, Hu C, Yaghmai V, Zhang Z. Dendritic cell immunotherapy induces anti-tumor effect in a transgenic mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2456-2468. [PMID: 31815046 PMCID: PMC6895456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The promise of dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has been established by two decades of translational research. However, long-term benefits of DC vaccination are reported in only scattered patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here we optimize DC vaccination and evaluate its safety and antitumor efficacy in the genetically engineered PDAC model (KrasLSL-G12D p53LSL-R172H Pdx-1-Cre (KPC mice)). KPC transgenic mice and orthotopic models using KPC cell lines were treated with DC vaccine via an intraperitoneal route. Tumor growth and microenvironment were dynamically monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histological analysis and flow cytometry were used to evaluate tumor-directed T cell immunity of these mice. DC vaccine via intraperitoneal injection suppressed tumor progression (P = 0.030) and significantly prolonged survival time (P = 0.028) in KPC mice. Vaccinated KPC mice displayed an increased antitumor T cell response indicated by a higher IFN-γ production (P = 0.016) and tumor-specific cytotoxicity (P = 0.027). Particularly, the mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of KPC tumor calculated from diffusion weighted MRI (DW-MRI) were significantly higher in DC vaccine group than that in control group (P < 0.001). More interestingly, we observed that ADC positively correlated with fibrosis in KPC tumor (R2 = 0.463, P = 0.015). Our study demonstrated that the immunization with our improved DC vaccine can elicit a strong tumor-specific immune response and tumor suppression in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Su Hu
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjie Shangguan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Aydin Eresen
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Pan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quanhong Ma
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuri Velichko
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Southwest HospitalChongqing, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Vahid Yaghmai
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
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4
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Pan L, Shang N, Shangguan J, Figini M, Xing W, Wang B, Sun C, Yang J, Zhang Y, Hu S, Ma Q, Wang J, Velichko Y, Yaghmai V, Benson AB, Zhang Z. Magnetic resonance imaging monitoring therapeutic response to dendritic cell vaccine in murine orthotopic pancreatic cancer models. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:562-573. [PMID: 30949410 PMCID: PMC6448058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) carries the worst prognosis and caused one of the highest cancer-related mortalities. Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination is a promising cancer immunotherapy; however, the clinical outcomes are often poor. The administration route of DC vaccine can significantly alter the anti-tumor immune response. Here we report on the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses induced by DC vaccination administered via intraperitoneal (IP) for murine PDAC, and the longitudinal assessment of tumor growth and therapeutic responses using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, we established murine orthotopic Panc02 models of PDAC and delivered apoptotic Panc02 cell-pulsed DCs via IP injection. The migration of Panc02-pulsed DCs into spleens significantly increased from 6 h to 12 h after initiation of treatment (P = 0.002), and Panc02-pulsed DCs injected via IP induced a significantly higher level of CTL responses against Panc02 cells compared to unpulsed DCs. Tumor size and tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured on MR images. Tumor sizes were significantly smaller in the treated mice than in the untreated mice (P < 0.05). The reduction of tumor ADC was less in the treated mice than in the untreated mice (P < 0.05), and the changes in tumor ADC showed significant negative correlation with the changes in tumor volume (r = -0.882, 95% confidence interval, -0.967 to -0.701, P < 0.0001). These results demonstrated the efficacy of DC vaccination administered via IP injection in murine PDAC, and the feasibility of ADC measurement as an imaging biomarker for assessment of therapeutic responses in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Pan
- Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213003, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Na Shang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Junjie Shangguan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Matteo Figini
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266005, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Su Hu
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Quanhong Ma
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Yury Velichko
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Vahid Yaghmai
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Al B Benson
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago 60611, IL, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago 60611, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago 60611, IL, USA
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5
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Bisht S, Feldmann G. Animal models for modeling pancreatic cancer and novel drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:127-142. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1566319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Savita Bisht
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Feldmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Collignon A, Silvy F, Robert S, Trad M, Germain S, Nigri J, André F, Rigot V, Tomasini R, Bonnotte B, Lombardo D, Mas E, Beraud E. Dendritic cell-based vaccination: powerful resources of immature dendritic cells against pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1504727. [PMID: 30524902 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1504727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) has a poor prognosis. One treatment approach, investigated here, is to reinforce antitumor immunity. Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential for the development and regulation of adaptive host immune responses against tumors. A major role for DCs may be as innate tumoricidal effector cells. We explored the efficacy of vaccination with immature (i)DCs, after selecting optimal conditions for generating immunostimulatory iDCs. We used two models, C57BL/6Jrj mice with ectopic tumors induced by the PAC cell line, Panc02, and genetically engineered (KIC) mice developing PAC. Therapeutic iDC-vaccination resulted in a significant reduction in tumor growth in C57BL/6Jrj mice and prolonged survival in KIC mice. Prophylactic iDC-vaccination prevented subcutaneous tumor development. These protective effects were long-lasting in Panc02-induced tumor development, but not in melanoma. iDC-vaccination impacted the immune status of the hosts by greatly increasing the percentage of CD8+ T-cells, and natural killer (NK)1.1+ cells, that express granzyme B associated with Lamp-1 and IFN-γ. Efficacy of iDC-vaccination was CD8+ T-cell-dependent but NK1.1+ cell-independent. We demonstrated the ability of DCs to produce peroxynitrites and to kill tumor cells; this killing activity involved peroxynitrites. Altogether, these findings make killer DCs the pivotal actors in the beneficial clinical outcome that accompanies antitumor immune responses. We asked whether efficacy can be improved by combining DC-vaccination with the FOLFIRINOX regimen. Combined treatment significantly increased the lifespan of KIC mice with PAC. Prolonged treatment with FOLFIRINOX clearly augmented this beneficial effect. Combining iDC-vaccination with FOLFIRINOX may therefore represent a promising therapeutic option for patients with PAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Collignon
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Silvy
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | | | - Malika Trad
- CHU Dijon-Bocage, Médecine interne et Immunologie Clinique, Dijon, France
| | - Sébastien Germain
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Jérémy Nigri
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric André
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Rigot
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Richard Tomasini
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Bonnotte
- CHU Dijon-Bocage, Médecine interne et Immunologie Clinique, Dijon, France
| | - Dominique Lombardo
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Mas
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Evelyne Beraud
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
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7
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Deicher A, Andersson R, Tingstedt B, Lindell G, Bauden M, Ansari D. Targeting dendritic cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:85. [PMID: 29946224 PMCID: PMC6006559 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0585-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are an integral part of the tumor microenvironment. Pancreatic cancer is characterized by reduced number and function of DCs, which impacts antigen presentation and contributes to immune tolerance. Recent data suggest that exosomes can mediate communication between pancreatic cancer cells and DCs. Furthermore, levels of DCs may serve as prognostic factors. There is also growing evidence for the effectiveness of vaccination with DCs pulsed with tumor antigens to initiate adaptive cytolytic immune responses via T cells. Most experience with DC-based vaccination has been gathered for MUC1 and WT1 antigens, where clinical studies in advanced pancreatic cancer have provided encouraging results. In this review, we highlight the role of DC in the course, prognosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Deicher
- 1Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden.,2Faculty of Medicine, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Andersson
- 1Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bobby Tingstedt
- 1Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Gert Lindell
- 1Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Monika Bauden
- 1Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ansari
- 1Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
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White M, Freistaedter A, Jones GJB, Zervos E, Roper RL. Development of improved therapeutic mesothelin-based vaccines for pancreatic cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193131. [PMID: 29474384 PMCID: PMC5825036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the 5th leading cause of cancer deaths, and there are no effective treatments. We developed a poxvirus platform vaccine with improved immunogenicity and inserted the mesothelin gene to create an anti-mesothelin cancer vaccine. Mesothelin expression is mostly restricted to tumors in adult mammals and thus may be a good target for cancer treatment. We show here that the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) virus expressing mesothelin and the enhanced MVA virus missing the immunosuppressive A35 gene and expressing mesothelin were both safe in mice and were able to induce IFN-gamma secreting T cells in response to mesothelin expressing tumor cells. In addition, the MVA virus has oncolytic properties in vitro as it can replicate in and kill Panc02 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line tumor cells, even though it is unable to replicate in most mammalian cells. Deletion of the A35 gene in MVA improved T cell responses as expected. However, we were unable to demonstrate inhibition of Panc02 tumor growth in immunocompetent mice with pre-vaccination of mice, boosts, or even intratumoral injections of the recombinant viruses. Vaccine efficacy may be limited by shedding of mesothelin from tumor cells thus creating a protective screen from the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael White
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Andrew Freistaedter
- Department of Microbiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Gwendolyn J B Jones
- Department of Microbiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Emmanuel Zervos
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Rachel L Roper
- Department of Microbiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
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Lombardo D, Silvy F, Crenon I, Martinez E, Collignon A, Beraud E, Mas E. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, chronic pancreatitis, and MODY-8 diabetes: is bile salt-dependent lipase (or carboxyl ester lipase) at the crossroads of pancreatic pathologies? Oncotarget 2018; 9:12513-12533. [PMID: 29552330 PMCID: PMC5844766 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinomas and diabetes mellitus are responsible for the deaths of around two million people each year worldwide. Patients with chronic pancreatitis do not die directly of this disease, except where the pathology is hereditary. Much current literature supports the involvement of bile salt-dependent lipase (BSDL), also known as carboxyl ester lipase (CEL), in the pathophysiology of these pancreatic diseases. The purpose of this review is to shed light on connections between chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas by gaining an insight into BSDL and its variants. This enzyme is normally secreted by the exocrine pancreas, and is diverted within the intestinal lumen to participate in the hydrolysis of dietary lipids. However, BSDL is also expressed by other cells and tissues, where it participates in lipid homeostasis. Variants of BSDL resulting from germline and/or somatic mutations (nucleotide insertion/deletion or nonallelic homologous recombination) are expressed in the pancreas of patients with pancreatic pathologies such as chronic pancreatitis, MODY-8, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. We discuss the possible link between the expression of BSDL variants and these dramatic pancreatic pathologies, putting forward the suggestion that BSDL and its variants are implicated in the cell lipid metabolism/reprogramming that leads to the dyslipidemia observed in chronic pancreatitis, MODY-8, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. We also propose potential strategies for translation to therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Lombardo
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Silvy
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Crenon
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Martinez
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Collignon
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Evelyne Beraud
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Mas
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie Biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
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Mace TA, Shakya R, Pitarresi JR, Swanson B, McQuinn CW, Loftus S, Nordquist E, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Yu L, Young G, Zhong X, Zimmers TA, Ostrowski MC, Ludwig T, Bloomston M, Bekaii-Saab T, Lesinski GB. IL-6 and PD-L1 antibody blockade combination therapy reduces tumour progression in murine models of pancreatic cancer. Gut 2018; 67:320-332. [PMID: 27797936 PMCID: PMC5406266 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-311585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limited efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has prompted investigation into combination therapy. We hypothesised that interleukin 6 (IL-6) blockade would modulate immunological features of PDAC and enhance the efficacy of anti-programmed death-1-ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitor therapy. DESIGN Transcription profiles and IL-6 secretion from primary patient-derived pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) were analyzed via Nanostring and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In vivo efficacy and mechanistic studies were conducted with antibodies (Abs) targeting IL-6, PD-L1, CD4 or CD8 in subcutaneous or orthotopic models using Panc02, MT5 or KPC-luc cell lines; and the aggressive, genetically engineered PDAC model (KrasLSL-G12D, Trp53LSL-R270H, Pdx1-cre, Brca2F/F (KPC-Brca2 mice)). Systemic and local changes in immunophenotype were measured by flow cytometry or immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS PSCs (n=12) demonstrated prominent IL-6 expression, which was localised to stroma of tumours. Combined IL-6 and PD-L1 blockade elicited efficacy in mice bearing subcutaneous MT5 (p<0.02) and Panc02 tumours (p=0.046), which was accompanied by increased intratumoural effector T lymphocytes (CD62L-CD44-). CD8-depleting but not CD4-depleting Abs abrogated the efficacy of combined IL-6 and PD-L1 blockade in mice bearing Panc02 tumours (p=0.0016). This treatment combination also elicited significant antitumour activity in mice bearing orthotopic KPC-luc tumours and limited tumour progression in KPC-Brca2 mice (p<0.001). Histological analysis revealed increased T-cell infiltration and reduced α-smooth muscle actin cells in tumours from multiple models. Finally, IL-6 and PD-L1 blockade increased overall survival in KPC-Brca2 mice compared with isotype controls (p=0.0012). CONCLUSIONS These preclinical results indicate that targeted inhibition of IL-6 may enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Mace
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Reena Shakya
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Jason R. Pitarresi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Benjamin Swanson
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Christopher W. McQuinn
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Shannon Loftus
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Emily Nordquist
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Gregory Young
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Surgery (Indiana University) and IU Simon Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Teresa A. Zimmers
- Department of Surgery (Indiana University) and IU Simon Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Michael C. Ostrowski
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Thomas Ludwig
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Mark Bloomston
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | | | - Gregory B. Lesinski
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University
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11
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Hochnadel I, Kossatz-Boehlert U, Jedicke N, Lenzen H, Manns MP, Yevsa T. Cancer vaccines and immunotherapeutic approaches in hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2931-2952. [PMID: 29112462 PMCID: PMC5718787 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1359362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers along with other gastrointestinal malignancies remain the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Strategies developed in the recent years on immunotherapy and cancer vaccines in the setting of primary liver cancer as well as in pancreatic cancer are the scope of this review. Significance of orthotopic and autochthonous animal models which mimic and/or closely reflect human malignancies allowing for a prompt and trustworthy analysis of new therapeutics is underlined. Combinational approaches that on one hand, specifically target a defined cancer-driving pathway, and on the other hand, restore the functions of immune cells, which effector functions are often suppressed by a tumor milieu, are shown to have the strongest perspectives and future directions. Among combinational immunotherapeutic approaches a personalized- and individual cancer case-based therapy is of special importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Hochnadel
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Uta Kossatz-Boehlert
- b Institute for Neuroanatomy, Eberhard-Karls University Tuebingen , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Nils Jedicke
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Henrike Lenzen
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Michael P Manns
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Tetyana Yevsa
- a Department of Gastroenterology , Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
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12
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Xiao L, Erb U, Zhao K, Hackert T, Zöller M. Efficacy of vaccination with tumor-exosome loaded dendritic cells combined with cytotoxic drug treatment in pancreatic cancer. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1319044. [PMID: 28680753 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1319044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) has a dismal prognosis and adjuvant immunotherapy frequently is of low efficacy due to immunosuppressive features of PaCa and PaCa-stroma. We here explored, whether the efficacy of vaccination with tumor-exosome (TEX)-loaded dendritic cells (DC) can be improved by combining with drugs affecting myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Experiments were performed with the UNKC6141 PaCa line. UNKC6141 TEX-loaded DC were weekly intravenously injected, mice additionally receiving Gemcitabine (GEM) and/or ATRA and/or Sunitinib (Sun). UNKC6141 grow aggressively after subcutaneous and orthotopic application and are consistently recovered in peripheral blood, bone marrow, lung and frequently liver. Vaccination with DC-TEX significantly prolonged the survival time, the efficacy of DC-TEX exceeding that of the cytotoxic drugs. However, ATRA, Sun and most efficiently GEM, sufficed for a pronounced reduction of MDSC including tumor-infiltrating MDSC, which was accompanied by a decrease in migrating and metastasizing tumor cells. When combined with DC-TEX vaccination, a higher number of activated T cells was recovered in the tumor and the survival time was prolonged compared with only DC-TEX vaccinated mice. As ATRA, GEM and Sun affect MDSC at distinct maturation and activation stages, a stronger support for DC-TEX vaccination was expected by the drug combination. Intrapancreatic tumor growth was prevented beyond the death of control mice. However, tumors developed after a partial breakdown of the immune system by the persisting drug application. Nonetheless, in combination with optimized drug tuning to prevent MDSC maturation and activation, vaccination with TEX-loaded DC appears a most promising option in PaCa therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Erb
- Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kun Zhao
- Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Section Pancreas Research, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margot Zöller
- Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Behrens
- EPO - Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH - GmbH, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Walther
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité, University Medicine, Berlin; Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Iduna Fichtner
- EPO - Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH - GmbH, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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14
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Martinez E, Silvy F, Fina F, Bartoli M, Krahn M, Barlesi F, Figarella-Branger D, Iovanna J, Laugier R, Ouaissi M, Lombardo D, Mas E. Rs488087 single nucleotide polymorphism as predictive risk factor for pancreatic cancers. Oncotarget 2016; 6:39855-64. [PMID: 26498142 PMCID: PMC4741865 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating disease progressing asymptomatically until death within months after diagnosis. Defining at-risk populations should promote its earlier diagnosis and hence also avoid its development. Considering the known involvement in pancreatic disease of exon 11 of the bile salt-dependent lipase (BSDL) gene that encodes variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) sequences, we hypothesized upon the existence of a genetic link between predisposition to PC and mutations in VNTR loci. To test this, BSDL VNTR were amplified by touchdown-PCR performed on genomic DNA extracted from cancer tissue or blood samples from a French patient cohort and amplicons were Sanger sequenced. A robust method using probes for droplet digital (dd)-PCR was designed to discriminate the C/C major from C/T or T/T minor genotypes. We report that the c.1719C > T transition (SNP rs488087) present in BSDL VNTR may be a useful marker for defining a population at risk of developing PC (occurrence: 63.90% in the PC versus 27.30% in the control group). The odds ratio of 4.7 for the T allele was larger than those already determined for other SNPs suspected to be predictive of PC. Further studies on tumor pancreatic tissue suggested that a germline T allele may favor Kras G12R/G12D somatic mutations which represent negative prognostic factors associated with reduced survival. We propose that the detection of the T allele in rs488087 SNP should lead to an in-depth follow-up of patients in whom an association with other potential risk factors of pancreatic cancer may be present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Martinez
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, F-13005, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 911, F-13005, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Silvy
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, F-13005, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 911, F-13005, Marseille, France
| | - Fréderic Fina
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, F-13005, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 911, F-13005, Marseille, France.,LBM- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Service de Transfert d'Oncologie Biologique, F-13015, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Bartoli
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, UMR 910, F-13005, Marseille, France
| | - Martin Krahn
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, UMR 910, F-13005, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone-Enfants, Département de Génétique Médicale, F-13005, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Barlesi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, F-13005, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 911, F-13005, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Service d'Oncologie Multidisciplinaire & Innovation Thérapeutique, F-13915, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Figarella-Branger
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, F-13005, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 911, F-13005, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d'Anatomopathologie, F-13005, Marseille, France
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRCM, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, F-13009, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 1068, F-13009, Marseille, France.,CNRS, UMR 7258, F-13009, Marseille, France
| | - René Laugier
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Gastroentérologie, F-13005, Marseille, France
| | - Mehdi Ouaissi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, F-13005, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 911, F-13005, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Viscérale, F-13005, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Lombardo
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, F-13005, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 911, F-13005, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Mas
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, F-13005, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 911, F-13005, Marseille, France
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15
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Elster JD, Krishnadas DK, Lucas KG. Dendritic cell vaccines: A review of recent developments and their potential pediatric application. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:2232-9. [PMID: 27245943 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1179844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
For many cancers the use of conventional chemotherapy has been maximized, and further intensification of chemotherapy generally results in excess toxicity with little long-term benefit for cure. Many tumors become resistant to chemotherapy, making the investigation of novel approaches such as immunotherapy of interest. Because the tumor microenvironment is known to promote immune tolerance and down regulate the body's natural defense mechanisms, modulating the immune system with the use of dendritic cell (DC) therapy is an attractive approach. Thousands of patients with diverse tumor types have been treated with DC vaccines. While antigen specific immune responses have been reported, the duration and magnitude of these responses are typically weak, and objective clinical responses have been limited. DC vaccine generation and administration is a multi-step process with opportunities for improvement in source of DC for vaccine, selection of target antigen, and boosting effector cell response via administration of vaccine adjuvant or concomitant pharmacologic immunomodulation. In this review we will discuss recent developments in each of these areas and highlight elements that could be moved into pediatric clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Elster
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hematology/Oncology, University of Louisville , Louisville , KY , USA
| | - Deepa K Krishnadas
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hematology/Oncology, University of Louisville , Louisville , KY , USA
| | - Kenneth G Lucas
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hematology/Oncology, University of Louisville , Louisville , KY , USA
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16
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Weledji EP, Enoworock G, Mokake M, Sinju M. How Grim is Pancreatic Cancer? Oncol Rev 2016; 10:294. [PMID: 27471581 PMCID: PMC4943093 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2016.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal carcinoma continues to be the most lethal malignancy with rising incidence. It is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in the western world due to its low treatment success rate. In addition, because of its rapid growth and silent course, diagnosis is often only established in the advanced stages. As one of the most aggressive malignancies, the treatment of this disease is a great challenge to clinicians. This paper reviewed the natural history of pancreatic cancer, the current clinical practice and the future in pancreatic cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martin Mokake
- Department of Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Buea, Cameroon
| | - Motaze Sinju
- Department of Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Buea, Cameroon
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