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Saadh MJ, Hussain QM, Alazzawi TS, Fahdil AA, Athab ZH, Yarmukhamedov B, Al-Nuaimi AMA, Alsaikhan F, Farhood B. MicroRNA as Key Players in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights into Their Role in Metastasis. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10897-0. [PMID: 39103713 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10897-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the most common cancer in global epidemiology. Both the frequency and fatality of this malignancy have shown an upward trend over recent decades. Liver cancer is a significant concern due to its propensity for both intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastasis. Liver cancer metastasis is a multifaceted process characterized by cell detachment from the bulk tumor, modulation of cellular motility and invasiveness, enhanced proliferation, avoidance of the immune system, and spread either via lymphatic or blood vessels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) playing a crucial function in the intricate mechanisms of tumor metastasis. A number of miRNAs can either increase or reduce metastasis via several mechanisms, such as control of motility, proliferation, attack by the immune system, cancer stem cell properties, altering the microenvironment, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Besides, two other types of non-coding RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) can competitively bind to endogenous miRNAs. This competition results in the impaired ability of the miRNAs to inhibit the expression of the specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that are targeted. Increasing evidence has shown that the regulatory axis comprising circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA is correlated with the regulation of HCC metastasis. This review seeks to present a thorough summary of recent research on miRNAs in HCC, and their roles in the cellular processes of EMT, invasion and migration, as well as the metastasis of malignant cells. Finally, we discuss the function of the lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network as a crucial modulator of carcinogenesis and the regulation of signaling pathways or genes that are relevant to the metastasis of HCC. These findings have the potential to offer valuable insight into the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches for management of liver cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | | | - Tuqa S Alazzawi
- College of Dentist, National University of Science and Technology, Nasiriyah, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Ali A Fahdil
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Zainab H Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Bekhzod Yarmukhamedov
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare management, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
- School of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Xie Z, Hao Q, Zhu R, Ma R. A Meta-Analysis of MiRNA-497 and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 2024:2211179. [PMID: 38529202 PMCID: PMC10963114 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2211179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, microRNA-497 (miR-497) has been reported as a prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is no systematic study summarizing these data. Herein, we elucidated the prognostic role of miR497 in HCC by using meta-analysis. Methods We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and, China National Knowledge Infrastructure for relevant studies. The two researchers conducted data extraction and quality evaluation independently. We used hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to evaluate the relationship between miR-497 expression level and HCC prognosis. Results A total of 6 studies involving 457 participants were included in this meta-analysis. There was a significant association between the lower level of miR-497 expression and the shorter overall survival (HR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.67-2.84, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, patients with low miR-497 expression were more prone to vascular infiltration (OR = 2.73, 95%: 1.79-4.17, P < 0.001). However, the lower expression level of miR-497 had no significant correlation with TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) stage (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.17-12.49, P=0.47). Conclusions MiR-497 might serve as a prognostic biomarker in HCC, but more clinical studies are needed to confirm this view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Qingzhi Hao
- Department of Peripheral Vascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiping Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
- Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Pathak A, Pal AK, Roy S, Nandave M, Jain K. Role of Angiogenesis and Its Biomarkers in Development of Targeted Tumor Therapies. Stem Cells Int 2024; 2024:9077926. [PMID: 38213742 PMCID: PMC10783989 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9077926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a significant role in the human body, from wound healing to tumor progression. "Angiogenic switch" indicates a time-restricted event where the imbalance between pro- and antiangiogenic factors results in the transition from prevascular hyperplasia to outgrowing vascularized tumor, which eventually leads to the malignant cancer progression. In the last decade, molecular players, i.e., angiogenic biomarkers and underlying molecular pathways involved in tumorigenesis, have been intensely investigated. Disrupting the initiation and halting the progression of angiogenesis by targeting these biomarkers and molecular pathways has been considered as a potential treatment approach for tumor angiogenesis. This review discusses the currently known biomarkers and available antiangiogenic therapies in cancer, i.e., monoclonal antibodies, aptamers, small molecular inhibitors, miRNAs, siRNAs, angiostatin, endostatin, and melatonin analogues, either approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or currently under clinical and preclinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Pathak
- Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Raebareli, Lucknow, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Pal
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Subhadeep Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mukesh Nandave
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Keerti Jain
- Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Raebareli, Lucknow, India
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Chen Y, Yang L, Wang C, Wang C. Exploring the mechanism of resistance to vincristine in breast cancer cells using transcriptome sequencing technology. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:502. [PMID: 37920438 PMCID: PMC10618930 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has replaced lung cancer as the leading cancer globally, but various chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer are prone to resistance, especially in patients with distant metastases who are susceptible to multiple chemotherapy drug resistance often leading to treatment failure. Vincristine (VCR) is an alkaloid extracted from Catharanthus roseus, and is often used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs to treat various types of cancer, including breast cancer. Research on the development of resistance to VCR has been carried out using transcriptome sequencing technology. Firstly, gradient increase of VCR concentration was used to produce a VCR-resistant breast cancer cell line. Mechanistically, RNA was extracted from the VCR-resistant breast cancer cell line, and the transcriptome was sequenced. Further analysis showed changes in the expression levels of various genes in the aforementioned VCR-resistant breast cancer cell line. Meanwhile, the analysis of splicing events also indicated a change in variable splicing events. Further validation showed that the expression levels of multiple genes, including interleukin-1β, were altered in the VCR-resistant breast cancer cell line, and these gene expression changes were related to VCR resistance. The results of the present study provide a theoretical basis for exploring the mechanism of VCR resistance clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Changmiao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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Fanoodi A, Maharati A, Akhlaghipour I, Rahimi HR, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of tumor angiogenesis in liver cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154913. [PMID: 37931431 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies in human digestive system. Despite the recent therapeutic methods, there is a high rate of mortality among liver cancer patients. Late diagnosis in the advanced tumor stages can be one of the main reasons for the poor prognosis in these patients. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer can be helpful for the early stage tumor detection and treatment. Vascular expansion in liver tumors can be one of the important reasons for poor prognosis and aggressiveness. Therefore, anti-angiogenic drugs are widely used in liver cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in the regulation of angiogenesis in liver tumors. Due to the high stability of miRNAs in body fluids, these factors are widely used as the non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer patients. Regarding, the importance of angiogenesis during liver tumor growth and invasion, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of angiogenesis in these tumors. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly exert an anti-angiogenic function by regulation of tumor microenvironment, transcription factors, and signaling pathways in liver tumors. This review can be an effective step to suggest the miRNAs for the non-invasive early detection of malignant and invasive liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fanoodi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Abdelrahman A, Negroni C, Sahm F, Adams CL, Urbanic-Purkart T, Khalil M, Vergura R, Morelli C, Hanemann CO. miR-497 and 219 in blood aid meningioma classification. J Neurooncol 2022; 160:137-147. [PMID: 36076132 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current WHO classification and methylation status help predict meningioma recurrence and prognosis. However, up to date, there is no circulating biomarker showing clinical value in meningioma diagnosis or classification. Circulating miRNAs showed the potential to be used as cancer biomarkers in various tumours. This research evaluated specific miRNAs, miR-497 and miR-219, as convenient and efficient predictors of meningioma grades. METHODS We studied serum and exosomal levels of miR-497 in 74 meningioma samples (WHO grade I = 25, WHO grade II = 25, and WHO grade III = 24) and 53 healthy controls. The serum level of miR-219 was studied in 56 meningioma samples WHO grade I = 22, WHO grade II = 14, and WHO grade III = 20). We used qPCR for miRNA quantification. We also tested two different normalisers, endogenous and external, and evaluated their impact on the diagnostic value of miR-497. RESULTS The serum and exosomal levels of miR-497 distinguished meningioma from the control samples. Moreover, miR-497 was a suitable identifier for meningioma grade. When we combined miR-497 and miR-219, the efficacy of the combined biomarker was higher than miR-497 or miR-219 when used individually in meningioma classification. Both miR-497 and miR-219 showed a noticeable change with the methylation class of meningioma. CONCLUSION This study shows that serum miR-497 is an effective and easy-to-measure biomarker for meningioma diagnosis and classification. Moreover, when we combined miR-497 and miR-219, the combined biomarker showed enhanced accuracy in meningioma classification. Furthermore, this is the first study to evaluate the correlation between serum circulating miRNA and the methylation status in meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdelrahman
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences, University of Plymouth, The John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BU, UK
| | - Caterina Negroni
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences, University of Plymouth, The John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BU, UK
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claire L Adams
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences, University of Plymouth, The John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BU, UK
| | - Tadeja Urbanic-Purkart
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Khalil
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Clemens Oliver Hanemann
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences, University of Plymouth, The John Bull Building, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BU, UK.
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Investigation of Anti-Liver Cancer Activity of the Herbal Drug FDY003 Using Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5765233. [PMID: 36118098 PMCID: PMC9481369 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5765233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Globally, liver cancer (LC) is the sixth-most frequently occurring and the second-most fatal malignancy, responsible for 0.83 million deaths annually. Although the application of herbal drugs in cancer therapies has increased, their anti-LC activity and relevant mechanisms have not been fully studied from a systems perspective. To address these issues, we conducted a system-perspective network pharmacological investigation into the activity and mechanisms underlying the action of the herbal drug. FDY003 reduced the viability of human LC treatment. FDY003 reduced the viability of human LC cells and elevated their chemosensitivity. There were a total of 16 potential bioactive chemical components in FDY003 and they had 91 corresponding targets responsible for the pathological processes in LC. These FDY003 targets were functionally involved in regulating the survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of LC cells. Additionally, we found that FDY003 may target key signaling cascades connected to diverse LC pathological mechanisms, namely, PI3K-Akt, focal adhesion, IL-17, FoxO, MAPK, and TNF pathways. Overall, this study contributed to integrative mechanistic insights into the anti-LC potential of FDY003.
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El-Mahdy HA, Sallam AAM, Ismail A, Elkhawaga SY, Elrebehy MA, Doghish AS. miRNAs inspirations in hepatocellular carcinoma: Detrimental and favorable aspects of key performers. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 233:153886. [PMID: 35405621 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC initiation, progression, and therapy failure are all influenced by various variables, including microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are short non-coding RNA sequences that modulate target mRNA expression by deteriorating or repressing translation. miRNAs play an imperative role in HCC pathogenesis by triggering the induction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their proliferation, while also delaying apoptosis, sustaining the cell cycle, and inspiring angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Additionally, miRNAs modulate crucial HCC-related molecular pathways such as the p53 pathway, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, VEGFR2, and PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Consequently, the goal of this review was to give an up-to-date overview of oncogenic and tumor suppressor (TS) miRNAs, as well as their potential significance in HCC pathogenesis and treatment responses, highlighting their underpinning molecular pathways in HCC initiation and progression. Similarly, the biological importance and clinical application of miRNAs in HCC are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
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Angioregulatory role of miRNAs and exosomal miRNAs in glioblastoma pathogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112760. [PMID: 35228062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly aggressive cancer of the central nervous system, occurring in the brain or spinal cord. Many factors such as angiogenesis are associated with GB development. Angiogenesis is a procedure by which the pre-existing blood vessels create new vessels that play an essential role in health and disease, including tumors. Also, angiogenesis is one of the significant factors thought to be responsible for treatment resistance in many tumors, including GB. Hence, an improved understanding of the molecular processes underlying GB angiogenesis will pave the way for developing potential new treatments. Recently, it has been found that microRNAs (miRNAs) and exosomal miRNAs have a crucial role in inducing or inhibiting the angiogenesis process in GB development. A better knowledge of the miRNA's regulation pathway in the angiogenesis process in cancer offers unique mechanistic insight into the mechanism of tumor-associated neovascularization. Because of advancements in miRNA characterization and delivery methods, miRNAs can also be employed in clinical settings as potential biomarkers for anti-angiogenic treatment response as well as therapies targeting tumor angiogenesis. The recent finding and insights about miRNAs' angioregulatory role and exosomal miRNAs in GB are provided throughout the review. Also, we discuss the new concept of miRNAs-based therapies for GB in the future.
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Maggio I, Franceschi E, Gatto L, Tosoni A, Di Nunno V, Tonon C, Brandes AA. Radiomics, mirnomics, and radiomirRNomics in glioblastoma: defining tumor biology from shadow to light. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2021; 21:1265-1272. [PMID: 34433354 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2021.1971518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. Genetic characterization of this tumor has identified alterations with prognostic and therapeutic impact, and many efforts are being made to improve molecular knowledge on glioblastoma. Invasive procedures, such as tumor biopsy or radical resection, are needed to characterize the tumor. AREAS COVERED The role of microRNA in cancer is an expanding field of research as many microRNAs have been shown to correlate with patient prognosis and treatment response. Novel methodologies like radiomics, radiogenomics, and radiomiRNomics are under evaluation to improve the amount of prognostic and predictive biomarkers available. EXPERT OPINION The role of radiomics, radiogenomics, and radiomiRNomic for the characterization of glioblastoma will further improve in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Maggio
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda USL, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Lidia Gatto
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda USL, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alicia Tosoni
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda USL, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Tonon
- Ircss Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alba A Brandes
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda USL, Bologna, Italy
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The Expression of Circulating miR-497 and Metadherin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Relation to the Tumor Characteristics and Patients' Survival. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57090866. [PMID: 34577789 PMCID: PMC8468780 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance and relationship of miR-497 and metadherin to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor characteristics and patients’ survival. Methods: This study enrolled 120 (60 HCC patients and 60 healthy) subjects. Serum miR-497 and metadherin mRNA relative expression were analyzed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The overall survival (OS) of HCC patients was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier curve and log-rank test. Results: Serum miR-497 showed statistically significant downregulation in HCC patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). Serum metadherin mRNA relative expression was significantly upregulated in HCC patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). Both serum miR-497 and metadherin mRNA expression were significantly associated with the number of tumor foci (p = 0.028 and 0.001, respectively), tumor size (p = 0.022 and <0.001, respectively), nodal metastasis (p = 0.003 and 0.003, respectively), distant metastasis (p = 0.003 and 0.003, respectively), vascular invasion (p = 0.040 and <0.001, respectively), and BCLC staging (p = 0.043 and 0.004, respectively). The overall survival was lower in patients with low miR-497 expression (p = 0.046) and in patients with high metadherin expression (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The expression levels of miR-497 showed downregulation in HCC patients, but metadherin expression showed upregulation. Both markers were inversely related and closely correlated with tumor characteristics and patients’ survival.
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Zhu S, Cao S, Yang W, Che J, Li D, Pei R, Ding Y. The Maturation of Tumor Suppressor miR-497 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma is Inhibited by Oncogenic circRNA SCARB1. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:5751-5759. [PMID: 34305409 PMCID: PMC8292958 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s304125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Circular RNA (CircRNA) SCARB1 plays an oncogenic role in renal cell carcinoma, while its role in other cancers is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of circRNA SCARB1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The expression of circRNA SCARB1, mature miR-497 and miR-497 precursor in HCC and paired non-tumor tissues from 64 HCC patients were analyzed by RT-qPCR. CircRNA SCARB1 was overexpressed in HCC cells, followed by the measurement of the expression levels of both mature miR-497 and miR-497 precursor to evaluate the effects of overexpression of circRNA SCARB1 on the maturation of miR-497. The effects of circRNA SCARB1 and miR-497 on the proliferation and migration of HCC cells were assessed by CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Results We found that circRNA SCARB1 was upregulated in HCC. In addition, mature miR-497 and miR-497 were downregulated in HCC. Correlation analysis showed that circRNA SCARB1 was inversely correlated with mature miR-497 but not miR-497 precursor. Consistently, in HCC cells, downregulated mature miR-497, but not miR-497 precursor, was observed in HCC cells transfected with circRNA SCARB1 expression vector. Analysis of cellular behaviors showed that overexpression of circRNA SCARB1 increased the proliferation and migration of HCC cells, while overexpression of miR-497 decreased cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, overexpression of miR-497 reduced the effects of overexpression of circRNA SCARB1. Discussion Therefore, circRNA SCARB1 is upregulated in HCC and promotes HCC cell proliferation and migration by suppressing the maturation of miR-497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengya Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Che
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifeng Pei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiren Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000, People's Republic of China
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LINC00707 Regulates miR-382-5p/VEGFA Pathway to Enhance Cervical Cancer Progression. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5524632. [PMID: 34258298 PMCID: PMC8261168 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5524632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are reported to exhibit crucial roles in cancer progression. LINC00707 is recently indicated to be a significant oncogene in various cancers. Up to now, the mechanism of LINC00707 in cervical cancer is still unclear. In this study, our present work was designed to study the biological effects of LINC00707 in cervical cancer. Firstly, the expression level of LINC00707 in cervical cancer was tested. We observed LINC00707 expression was greatly increased in cervical cancer. Then, we assessed the detailed effect of LINC00707 on the development of cervical cancer using CCK-8 assay, Transwell assays, and tumor xenograft experiments. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays revealed the function of LINC00707 in cervical cancer progression. In addition, the action of LINC00707 in cervical cancer cells was studied using bioinformatic tools and luciferase reporter experiment. It was displayed that loss of LINC00707 significantly repressed cell growth of cervical cancer. Meanwhile, restoration of LINC00707 expression obviously induced cervical cancer cell growth. Then, we predicted that LINC00707 could serve as a molecular sponge for miR-382-5p to modulate VEGFA expression in cervical cancer. Subsequently, lack of VEGFA expression reversed the influence of miR-382-5p knockdown on cervical cancer cells. In conclusion, our findings evidenced the significant role of LINC00707-miR-382-5p-VEGFA network in cervical cancer and it can provide an attractive target.
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Xu Y, Yuan X, Zhang X, Hu W, Wang Z, Yao L, Zong L. Prognostic value of inflammatory and nutritional markers for hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26506. [PMID: 34160470 PMCID: PMC8238303 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many clinical studies have demonstrated that the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and Onodera's prognostic nutritional index (OPNI) are visibly involved in the prognosis of a variety of tumors. In our research, we aim to determin the prognostic impact of NLR, PLR, and OPNI for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Data of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing treatment in Changzhi People's Hospital between 2011 and 2017 were reviewed. 270 patients with HCC were under inclusion criteria. The optimal cut-off points of OPNI, NLR and PLR were determined by using the X-tile program. The overall survival (OS) was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox Proportional Hazard Regression model to determine independent prognostic indicators for HCC.As revealed by Univariate and multivariate analysis, OPNI, Treatment, PLR, and BCLC Stage can be used as independent prognostic indicators for HCC. Comparing the P values and hazard ratios, we found out that the OPNI has greatest influence on prognosis in these indexes. The appropriate cut-off points of NLR, PLR, and OPNI were 2.5, 133.3, and 39.5, respectively. High score OPNI group had a better OS. In the analysis between OPNI and clinicopathological characteristics, there were differences in treatment, postoperative therapy, AST, ALBI grade, NLR and PLR between the high OPNI group and the low OPNI group, while others did not.OPNI is a straightforward and effective independent prognostic indicator for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Yizheng People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province
| | - Xiuxue Yuan
- Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province
| | | | - Wenqing Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heji Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi Province
| | - Longdi Yao
- The Second Clinical College of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liang Zong
- Central Laboratory
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital
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15
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Sriramulu S, Sun XF, Malayaperumal S, Ganesan H, Zhang H, Ramachandran M, Banerjee A, Pathak S. Emerging Role and Clinicopathological Significance of AEG-1 in Different Cancer Types: A Concise Review. Cells 2021; 10:1497. [PMID: 34203598 PMCID: PMC8232086 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor breakthrough is driven by genetic or epigenetic variations which assist in initiation, migration, invasion and metastasis of tumors. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) protein has risen recently as the crucial factor in malignancies and plays a potential role in diverse complex oncogenic signaling cascades. AEG-1 has multiple roles in tumor growth and development and is found to be involved in various signaling pathways of: (i) Ha-ras and PI3K/AKT; (ii) the NF-κB; (iii) the ERK or mitogen-activated protein kinase and Wnt or β-catenin and (iv) the Aurora-A kinase. Recent studies have confirmed that in all the hallmarks of cancers, AEG-1 plays a key functionality including progression, transformation, sustained angiogenesis, evading apoptosis, and invasion and metastasis. Clinical studies have supported that AEG-1 is actively intricated in tumor growth and progression which includes esophageal squamous cell, gastric, colorectal, hepatocellular, gallbladder, breast, prostate and non-small cell lung cancers, as well as renal cell carcinomas, melanoma, glioma, neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. Existing studies have reported that AEG-1 expression has been induced by Ha-ras through intrication of PI3K/AKT signaling. Conversely, AEG-1 also activates PI3K/AKT pathway and modulates the defined subset of downstream target proteins via crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Hedgehog signaling cascade which further plays a crucial role in metastasis. Thus, AEG-1 may be employed as a biomarker to discern the patients of those who are likely to get aid from AEG-1-targeted medication. AEG-1 may play as an effective target to repress tumor development, occlude metastasis, and magnify the effectiveness of treatments. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanism of AEG-1 in the process of carcinogenesis and its involvement in regulation of crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Hedgehog signaling. We also highlight the multifaceted functions, expression, clinicopathological significance and molecular inhibitors of AEG-1 in various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Sriramulu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sarubala Malayaperumal
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Harsha Ganesan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Orebro University, SE-701 82 Orebro, Sweden;
| | - Murugesan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India; (S.S.); (S.M.); (H.G.); (M.R.); (A.B.)
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16
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Soheilifar MH, Masoudi-Khoram N, Madadi S, Nobari S, Maadi H, Keshmiri Neghab H, Amini R, Pishnamazi M. Angioregulatory microRNAs in breast cancer: Molecular mechanistic basis and implications for therapeutic strategies. J Adv Res 2021; 37:235-253. [PMID: 35499045 PMCID: PMC9039675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated angiogenesis is a fundamental process in tumor growth and metastasis. Angioregulatory miRNA–target gene interaction is not only involved in sprouting vessels of breast tumors but also, trans-differentiation of breast cancer cells to endothelial cells in a process termed vasculogenic mimicry. Successful targeting of tumor angiogenesis is still a missing link in the treatment of Breast cancer (BC) due to the low effectiveness of anti-angiogenic therapies in this cancer. Response to anti-angiogenic therapeutics are controlled by a miRNAs, so the identification of interaction networks of miRNAs–targets can be applicable in determining anti-angiogeneic therapy and new biomarkers in BC. Angioregulatory miRNAs in breast cancer cells and their microenvironment have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment.
Background Cancer-associated angiogenesis is a fundamental process in tumor growth and metastasis. A variety of signaling regulators and pathways contribute to establish neovascularization, among them as small endogenous non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) play prominent dual regulatory function in breast cancer (BC) angiogenesis. Aim of Review This review aims at describing the current state-of-the-art in BC angiogenesis-mediated by angioregulatory miRNAs, and an overview of miRNAs dysregulation association with the anti-angiogenic response in addition to potential clinical application of miRNAs-based therapeutics. Key Scientific Concepts of Review Angioregulatory miRNA–target gene interaction is not only involved in sprouting vessels of breast tumors but also, trans-differentiation of BC cells to endothelial cells (ECs) in a process termed vasculogenic mimicry. Using canonical and non-canonical angiogenesis pathways, the tumor cell employs the oncogenic characteristics such as miRNAs dysregulation to increase survival, proliferation, oxygen and nutrient supply, and treatment resistance. Angioregulatory miRNAs in BC cells and their microenvironment have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Although, miRNAs dysregulation can serve as tumor biomarker nevertheless, due to the association of miRNAs dysregulation with anti-angiogenic resistant phenotype, clinical benefits of anti-angiogenic therapy might be challenging in BC. Hence, unveiling the molecular mechanism underlying angioregulatory miRNAs sparked a booming interest in finding new treatment strategies such as miRNA-based therapies in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Corresponding authorsat: Yara Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Enghelab St, Tehran 1315795613, Iran (Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar). University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland (Mahboubeh Pishnamazi).
| | - Nastaran Masoudi-Khoram
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Madadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sima Nobari
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hoda Keshmiri Neghab
- Department of Photo Healing and Regeneration, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Pishnamazi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Corresponding authorsat: Yara Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Enghelab St, Tehran 1315795613, Iran (Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar). University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland (Mahboubeh Pishnamazi).
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17
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Razavi ZS, Asgarpour K, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Rasouli S, Khan H, Shahrzad MK, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Angiogenesis-related non-coding RNAs and gastrointestinal cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 21:220-241. [PMID: 34095461 PMCID: PMC8141508 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are among the main reasons for cancer death globally. The deadliest types of GI cancer include colon, stomach, and liver cancers. Multiple lines of evidence have shown that angiogenesis has a key role in the growth and metastasis of all GI tumors. Abnormal angiogenesis also has a critical role in many non-malignant diseases. Therefore, angiogenesis is considered to be an important target for improved cancer treatment. Despite much research, the mechanisms governing angiogenesis are not completely understood. Recently, it has been shown that angiogenesis-related non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could affect the development of angiogenesis in cancer cells and tumors. The broad family of ncRNAs, which include long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs, are related to the development, promotion, and metastasis of GI cancers, especially in angiogenesis. This review discusses the role of ncRNAs in mediating angiogenesis in various types of GI cancers and looks forward to the introduction of mimetics and antagonists as possible therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kasra Asgarpour
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Susan Rasouli
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Karim Shahrzad
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Shohadae Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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18
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Hou Y, Chen K, Liao R, Li Y, Yang H, Gong J. LINC01419-mediated epigenetic silencing of ZIC1 promotes metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J Transl Med 2021; 101:570-587. [PMID: 33772101 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rapidly growing tumor characterized by a high potential for vascular invasion and metastasis. The purpose of our study is to explore the regulation mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC01419 on cell-cycle distribution and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by regulating zinc finger of the cerebellum (ZIC1) through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to analyze LINC01419 and related genes in HCC, and their expression in HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were determined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. Then, HCC cell lines were subjected to the construction of LINC01419/ZIC1 overexpression/knockdown cells utilizing lentiviral vectors. RIP and ChIP assays were applied to identify the LINC01419-binding protein. BSP and MSP assays were used to determine gene methylation. According to the results, LINC01419 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells, while ZIC1 was poorly expressed. LINC01419 targeted and downregulated ZIC1 expression. Furthermore, LINC01419 increased the methylation of ZIC1 promoter and repressed ZIC1 expression. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was activated by LINC01419 overexpression and ZIC1 knockdown, under which conditions, the HCC cell self-renewal and proliferation were promoted while cell apoptosis was attenuated, accompanied by accelerated formation and metastasis of xenografted tumors in mice. In conclusion, LINC01419 enhances the methylation of ZIC1 promoter, inhibits ZIC1 expression, and activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the malignant phenotypes of HCC cells in vitro as well as tumor formation and metastasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Hou
- Organ Transplant Center and Third Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Kai Chen
- Organ Transplant Center and Third Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Rui Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Youzan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Hongji Yang
- Organ Transplant Center and Third Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China.
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Jun Gong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, PR China.
- Second Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China.
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19
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Shi Q, Meng Z, Tian XX, Wang YF, Wang WH. Identification and validation of a hub gene prognostic index for hepatocellular carcinoma. Future Oncol 2021; 17:2193-2208. [PMID: 33620260 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: We aim to provide new insights into the mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identify key genes as biomarkers for the prognosis of HCC. Materials & methods: Differentially expressed genes between HCC tissues and normal tissues were identified via the Gene Expression Omnibus tool. The top ten hub genes screened by the degree of the protein nodes in the protein-protein interaction network also showed significant associations with overall survival in HCC patients. Results: A prognostic model containing a five-gene signature was constructed to predict the prognosis of HCC via multivariate Cox regression analysis. Conclusion: This study identified a novel five-gene signature (CDK1, CCNB1, CCNB2, BUB1 and KIF11) as a significant independent prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Z Meng
- The People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - X X Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Y F Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - W H Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
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20
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Giuppi M, La Salvia A, Evangelista J, Ghidini M. The Role and Expression of Angiogenesis-Related miRNAs in Gastric Cancer. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10020146. [PMID: 33673057 PMCID: PMC7918665 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor and the third highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. For advanced GC, many novel drugs and combinations have been tested, but results are still disappointing, and the disease is incurable in the majority of cases. In this regard, it is critical to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying GC development. Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer with a fundamental role in GC growth and progression. Ramucirumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds to vascular endothelial growth factor-2 (VEGFR-2), is approved in the treatment of advanced and pretreated GC. However, no predictive biomarkers for ramucirumab have been identified so far. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily-conserved single-stranded non-coding RNAs that play an important role (via post-transcriptional regulation) in essentially all biologic processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival, invasion, and migration. In our review, we aimed to analyze the available data on the role of angiogenesis-related miRNAs in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Giuppi
- Faculty of Medicine, CEU San Pablo University, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Anna La Salvia
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jessica Evangelista
- Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5503-2660; Fax: +39-02-5503-2659
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21
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Liu C, Bordeaux A, Hettich S, Han S. MicroRNA-497-5p Functions as a Modulator of Apoptosis by Regulating Metadherin in Ovarian Cancer. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689719897061. [PMID: 32046519 PMCID: PMC7444230 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719897061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) has a high mortality rate among women worldwide. However, even with the advances in detection and therapeutics, the number of cases is increasing worldwide. Increasingly, microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-497-5p, have been implicated in the progression of many cancers, but the role of miR-497-5p in OC remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-497-5p in OC. Herein, we find that miR-497-5p is down-regulated in OC tissues, and overexpression of miR-497-5p enhances apoptosis in OC cells. The increased apoptosis was correlated with enhanced expression of apoptosis-related proteins. MiR-497-5p directly bound the 3'-untranslated region of metadherin (MTDH), leading to the reduction of MTDH in mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, MTDH knockout promoted the apoptosis of OC cells. Taken together, we conclude that miR-497-5p contributes to cell apoptosis in OC by regulating MTDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Anne Bordeaux
- Pathology Institute, University of Freiburg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Stanka Hettich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Freiburg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Suhui Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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22
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Li D, Wang T, Sun FF, Feng JQ, Peng JJ, Li H, Wang C, Wang D, Liu Y, Bai YD, Shi ML, Zhang T. MicroRNA-375 represses tumor angiogenesis and reverses resistance to sorafenib in hepatocarcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:126-140. [PMID: 32616906 PMCID: PMC7886652 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-0191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib was originally identified as an inhibitor of multiple oncogenic kinases and remains the first-line systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in the initiation, progression, and drug resistance of HCC. In this study, we aimed to identify sorafenib-induced miRNAs and demonstrate their regulatory roles. First, we identified that the expression of the tumor-suppressive miRNA miR-375 was significantly induced in hepatoma cells treated with sorafenib, and miR-375 could exert its antiangiogenic effect partially via platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGFC) inhibition. Then, we demonstrated that sorafenib inhibited PDGFC expression by inducing the expression of miR-375 and a transcription factor, achaete-scute homolog-1 (ASH1), mediated the induction of miR-375 by sorafeinb administration in hepatoma cells. Finally, we verified that the expression of miR-375 was reduced in sorafenib-resistant cells and that the restoration of miR-375 could resensitize sorafenib-resistant cells to sorafenib partially by the degradation of astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1). In conclusion, our data demonstrate that miR-375 is a critical determinant of HCC angiogenesis and sorafenib tolerance, revealing a novel miRNA-mediated mechanism underlying sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fei-Fan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jian-Qiong Feng
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing-Jing Peng
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Di Bai
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mao-Lin Shi
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan Province, China.
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Malayaperumal S, Sriramulu S, Jothimani G, Banerjee A, Pathak S. A Review of AEG-1 Oncogene Regulating MicroRNA Expression in Colon Cancer Progression. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:27-34. [PMID: 32552658 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200618104116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that perform a crucial function in posttranscriptional gene regulation. Dysregulation of these microRNAs is associated with many types of cancer progression. In tumorigenesis, downregulated microRNAs might function as a tumour suppressor by repressing oncogenes, whereas overexpressed miRs might function as oncogenes by suppressing tumour suppressor. Similarly, Metadherin (also known as AEG-1/ LYRIC), is an oncogene, the levels of which are found to be very high in various cancers and play a crucial role in the proliferation of cells and invasion. Our review focuses on the study, which shows the alteration of microRNA expression profile and suppression of carcinogenesis when MTDH/AEG-1 is targeted. It summarises the studies where downregulation and upregulation of AEG-1 and microRNAs, respectively, alter the biological functions of the cell, such as proliferation and apoptosis. Studies have reported that AEG-1 can be direct or indirect target of microRNA, which could provide a new-insight to know the underlying molecular mechanism and might contribute to the progress of new therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarubala Malayaperumal
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sushmitha Sriramulu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesan Jothimani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
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24
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Luo G, He K, Xia Z, Liu S, Liu H, Xiang G. Regulation of microRNA-497 expression in human cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:23. [PMID: 33240429 PMCID: PMC7681205 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a type of non-coding single-stranded RNA, with a length of ~22 nt, which are encoded by endogenous genes and are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in animals and plants. Studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play an important role in the occurrence, development, metastasis, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In recent years, miR-497 has been identified as one of the key miRNAs in a variety of cancer types and has been shown to be downregulated in a variety of solid tumors. However, the regulation of miR-497 expression involves a complex network, which is affected by several factors. The aim of the present review was to summarize the mechanism of regulation of miR-497 expression at the pre-transcriptional and transcriptional levels in cancer, as well as the role of miR-497 expression imbalance in cancer diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. The regulatory mechanisms of miR-497 expression may aid in our understanding of the causes of miR-497 expression imbalance and provide a reference value for further research on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanshui Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China.,Department of Postgraduate Studies, The Second Clinical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ke He
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Zhenglin Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Guoan Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
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25
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Jiang X, Wang J, Deng X, Xiong F, Zhang S, Gong Z, Li X, Cao K, Deng H, He Y, Liao Q, Xiang B, Zhou M, Guo C, Zeng Z, Li G, Li X, Xiong W. The role of microenvironment in tumor angiogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:204. [PMID: 32993787 PMCID: PMC7526376 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is necessary for the continued survival and development of tumor cells, and plays an important role in their growth, invasion, and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment—composed of tumor cells, surrounding cells, and secreted cytokines—provides a conducive environment for the growth and survival of tumors. Different components of the tumor microenvironment can regulate tumor development. In this review, we have discussed the regulatory role of the microenvironment in tumor angiogenesis. High expression of angiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment, as well as hypoxia, are presumed to be the reasons for poor therapeutic efficacy of current anti-angiogenic drugs. A combination of anti-angiogenic drugs and antitumor inflammatory drugs or hypoxia inhibitors might improve the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjie Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangying Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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26
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Systematically Exploring the Antitumor Mechanisms of Core Chinese Herbs on Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Computational Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2396569. [PMID: 33014099 PMCID: PMC7512071 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2396569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective Chinese herbs play a positive role in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China. However, it is not clear which of Chinese herbs are critical for the treatment of HCC. Besides, mechanisms of CCHs in the treatment of HCC remain unclear. Hence, our goal is to identify the core Chinese herbs (CCHs) for treating HCC and explore their antitumor mechanism. Methods Firstly, clinical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for HCC were collected from Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, and then, data mining software was used to identify CCHs. After that, bioactive compounds and corresponding target genes of CCHs were obtained using three TCM databases, and target genes of HCC were acquired from MalaCards and OMIM. Subsequently, common target genes of CCHs and HCC were screened. Moreover, biological functions and pathways were analyzed, and Cytoscape plugin cytoHubba was used to identify hub genes. Finally, prognostic values of hub genes were verified by survival analysis, and the molecular docking approach was utilized to validate the interactions between targets and bioactive compounds of CCHs. Results Eight CCHs were determined from 630 prescriptions, and 100 bioactive compounds (e.g., quercetin and luteolin) and 126 common target genes were screened. Furthermore, common target genes of CCHs and HCC were mainly enriched in cancer-associated pathways, and six hub genes with statistical significance in survival analysis were selected as key target genes for molecular docking. Additionally, molecular docking showed that the bioactive compounds docked well with the protein receptors of key target genes. Conclusion By combining data mining, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and survival analysis methods, we found that CCHs may play a therapeutic role in HCC through regulating the target genes and pathways related to cancer occurrence and development, angiogenesis, metastasis, and prognosis.
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27
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Yuan W, Li F. Roles of microRNA-186 and vascular endothelial growth factor in hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3860-3867. [PMID: 32855736 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of microRNA (miR)-186 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus. Blood samples from 29 HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombus were collected between January 2014 and September 2015 in Huai'an First People's Hospital, while blood from 36 HCC patients without vein tumor thrombus was also collected in the same period. In addition, tumor thrombus specimens were collected from the HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombus, and peritumoral tissues of the tumor thrombus were used as the control. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, ELISA and western blot analyses were applied to detect vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Bioinformatics prediction was used to predict the target of miR-186, and then miR-186 expression was detected. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to validate whether miR-186 directly targeted VEGF. Following transfection with agomiR-186, the expression levels of miR-186 and VEGF were detected, while MTT assay was used to detect EA.hy926 cell proliferation subsequent to small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing. The results identified that VEGF was significantly increased in the tumor thrombus and blood samples of HCC patients with vein tumor thrombus at the mRNA and protein levels, while miR-186 expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Following silencing VEGF by siRNA transfection, the proliferation of EA.hy926 cells was inhibited. In addition, VEGF expression was significantly decreased and cell proliferation was reduced when upregulating miR-186. Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-186 regulated VEGF expression through complementary binding to 3'-untranslated region. In conclusion, VEGF was significantly increased in tumor thrombus and blood samples from HCC patients with vein tumor thrombus, which may be associated with the downregulation of miR-186. Thus, miR-186 may promote the development and progression of vein tumor thrombus in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Fuguang Li
- The Second Ward of General Surgery Department, Ankang City Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, P.R. China
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28
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Li X, Hu Z, Shi H, Wang C, Lei J, Cheng Y. Inhibition of VEGFA Increases the Sensitivity of Ovarian Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy by Suppressing VEGFA-Mediated Autophagy. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8161-8171. [PMID: 32884298 PMCID: PMC7443464 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the leading cause of death of gynecological malignancies worldwide. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), the most potent angiogenic factor, is responsible for tumor growth and angiogenesis, but its role in OvCa chemotherapy resistance remains unclear. Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect VEGFA expression in tumor cells and normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was used to analyze GO terms correlated with VEGFA. In in vitro experiments, we knockdown VEGFA in tumor cells and detected the tumor cell viability and apoptosis after chemotherapy drug treatment by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect autophagy and apoptosis related proteins. Results We proved that VEGFA was highly expressed in tumor cells comparted with normal ovarian surface epithelial cells, and enriched GO analysis of VEGFA showed that VEGFA was involved in anti-apoptotic process. Further in vitro experiments confirmed that expression of VEGFA was correlated with chemotherapy resistance and this effect was mediated by autophagy. Meanwhile tumor cells treated with chemotherapy drugs also promoted the expression of VEGFA. Knockdown VEGFA inhibited autophagy of tumor cells and thus potents the killing efficiency in DDP resistant tumor cells and this effect could be reversed by the addition of recombinant VEGFA. Conclusion Taken together, our study demonstrates that VEGFA is involved in anti-apoptosis of tumor cells to chemotherapy, killing partly through autophagy, indicating that VEGFA may serve as a potential target to improve chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huirong Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wang
- Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Lei
- Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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29
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Liu L, Wang Q, Qiu Z, Kang Y, Liu J, Ning S, Yin Y, Pang D, Xu S. Noncoding RNAs: the shot callers in tumor immune escape. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:102. [PMID: 32561709 PMCID: PMC7305134 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, designed to exploit the functions of the host immune system against tumors, has shown considerable potential against several malignancies. However, the utility of immunotherapy is heavily limited due to the low response rate and various side effects in the clinical setting. Immune escape of tumor cells may be a critical reason for such low response rates. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified as key regulatory factors in tumors and the immune system. Consequently, ncRNAs show promise as targets to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in tumors. However, the relationship between ncRNAs and tumor immune escape (TIE) has not yet been comprehensively summarized. In this review, we provide a detailed account of the current knowledge on ncRNAs associated with TIE and their potential roles in tumor growth and survival mechanisms. This review bridges the gap between ncRNAs and TIE and broadens our understanding of their relationship, providing new insights and strategies to improve immunotherapy response rates by specifically targeting the ncRNAs involved in TIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhilin Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yujuan Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiena Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shipeng Ning
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yanling Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China. .,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Shouping Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
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30
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Liu WH, Qiao HY, Xu J, Wang WQ, Wu YL, Wu X. LINC00473 contributes to the radioresistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating microRNA‑497‑5p and cell division cycle 25A. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:571-582. [PMID: 32468021 PMCID: PMC7307861 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00473 plays a carcinogenic role in a variety of different tumor types. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which LINC00473 regulates the radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells remains elusive. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to quantify the expression of LINC00473, microRNA (miRNA/miR)-497-5p and cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A) in ESCC tissues. The association between LINC00473 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with ESCC was also assessed. Furthermore, Cell Counting kit-8 and colony formation assays were carried out to monitor the proliferation of ESCC cells exposed to X-ray radiation. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was also conducted to analyze the interaction between LINC00473 and miR-497-5p, as well as the interaction between CDC25A and miR-497-5p. The findings of the present study demonstrated that in ESCC tissues and cells, the expression levels of LINC00473 and CDC25A were significantly upregulated, while the expression of miR-497-5p was downregulated. The high expression level of LINC00473 was associated with a higher T stage, lymph node metastasis stage and a lower tumor differentiation grade in patients with ESCC. Following irradiation, transfection with miR-497-5p mimics reduced the promoting effect of LINC00473 overexpression on ESCC cell proliferation, and partially impeded the resistance of ESCC cells to X-ray radiation induced by LINC00473 overexpression. Moreover, transfection with miR-497-5p inhibitors partially alleviated the inhibitory effects of LINC00473 knockdown on cellular proliferation, and partly reversed the sensitivity of cells to X-ray irradiation induced by LINC00473 knockdown. Furthermore, it was confirmed that miR-497-5p was able to bind LINC00473 and the 3′-untranslated region of CDC25A. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that LINC00473 reduces the radiosensitivity of ESCC cells by modulating the miR-497-5p/CDC25A axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong 276023, P.R. China
| | - Han-Yong Qiao
- Department of Special Inspection, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong 276023, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong 276023, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Qing Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong 276023, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Lei Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong 276023, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong 276023, P.R. China
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31
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Regulatory Role of microRNAs in Tumor Angiogenesis. ACTA MEDICA BULGARICA 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/amb-2020-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The process of neoangiogenesis is one of the classic hallmarks of a cancer. Its intricate mechanisms have long been one of the major domains in cancer research and a hope for a therapeutic breakthrough. Last decade a new subgroup of non-coding RNA molecules was reported called microRNAs. Literally hundreds of new molecules in this class are being uncovered as pivotal regulators in virtually all intracellular processes. The aim of this study is to classify and review those microRNA molecules that have a role in the processes of tumor angiogenesis and map their places in the regulatory framework of the classical proangiogenic genes and their canonical cascades.
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32
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Andrade FDO, Furtado KS, Heidor R, Sandri S, Hebeda CB, Miranda MLP, Fernandes LHG, Yamamoto RC, Horst MA, Farsky SHP, Moreno FS. Antiangiogenic effects of the chemopreventive agent tributyrin, a butyric acid prodrug, during the promotion phase of hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:979-988. [PMID: 30590392 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Agents that inhibit angiogenic factors may prevent the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, the objective of this study was to kinetically evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of tributyrin (TB), a butyric acid prodrug, in the promotion stage of hepatocarcinogenesis. For this purpose, the resistant hepatocyte (RH) model was used for induction of preneoplastic lesions in Wistar rats. During the promotion phase, the animals received TB or maltodextrin (MD) as control daily. The rats were killed at three time-points (P1, P2 and P3). Increased expression of Vegfa and Vegfr2 was observed during promotion phase of hepatocarcinogenesis, which was not reversed by TB treatment. However, TB treatment reduced the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 34-positive vessels at P3 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive vessels at P2 compared with MD. Enhanced levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (pERK) were detected at P3 when compared with P1 and P2 in the MD treatment. TB treatment reduced the levels of HIF-1α and pERK at P3 relative to the MD control. Experiments with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) showed that sodium butyrate (NaBu) inhibited cell migration and tube formation, confirming the antiangiogenic activity of its prodrug TB. In conclusion, antiangiogenic activity of TB is an early event that already occurs in preneoplastic livers, reinforcing its potential chemopreventive effects against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabia de Oliveira Andrade
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly Silva Furtado
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Heidor
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvana Sandri
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Bichels Hebeda
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara Lilian Paulino Miranda
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Helena Gasparini Fernandes
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Carvalho Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Aderuza Horst
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Salvador Moreno
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Systematic Elucidation of the Potential Mechanisms of Core Chinese Materia Medicas in Treating Liver Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4763675. [PMID: 32382293 PMCID: PMC7196158 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4763675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective In this study, the data mining method was used to screen the core Chinese materia medicas (CCMMs) against primary liver cancer (PLC), and the potential mechanisms of CCMMs in treating PLC were analyzed based on network pharmacology. Methods Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for treating PLC were obtained from a famous TCM doctor in Shenzhen, China. According to the data mining technique, the TCM Inheritance Support System (TCMISS) was applied to excavate the CCMMs in the prescriptions. Then, bioactive ingredients and corresponding targets of CCMMs were collected using three different TCM online databases, and target genes of PLC were obtained from GeneCards and OMIM. Afterwards, common targets of CCMMs and PLC were screened. Furthermore, a network of CCMMs bioactive ingredients and common target gene was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1, and gene ontology (GO) and signaling pathways analyses were performed to explain the mechanism of CCMMs in treating PLC. Besides, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was used to identify key target genes of CCMMs, and the prognostic value of key target genes was verified using survival analysis. Results A total of 15 high-frequency Chinese materia medica combinations were found, and CCMMs (including Paeoniae Radix Alba, Radix Bupleuri, Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Coicis Semen, Poria, and Curcumae Radix) were identified by TCMISS. A total of 40 bioactive ingredients (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol, and naringenin) of CCMMs were obtained, and 202 common target genes of CCMMs and PLC were screened. GO analysis indicated that biological processes of CCMMs were mainly involved in response to drug, response to ethanol, etc. Pathway analysis demonstrated that CCMMs exerted its antitumor effects by acting on multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt, TNF, and MAPK pathways. Also, some key target genes of CCMMs were determined by PPI analysis, and four genes (MAPK3, VEGFA, EGF, and EGFR) were found to be correlated with survival in PLC patients. Conclusion Based on data mining and network pharmacology methods, our results showed that the therapeutic effect of CCMMs on PLC may be realized by acting on multitargets and multipathways related to the occurrence and development of PLC.
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Ciesielski O, Biesiekierska M, Panthu B, Vialichka V, Pirola L, Balcerczyk A. The Epigenetic Profile of Tumor Endothelial Cells. Effects of Combined Therapy with Antiangiogenic and Epigenetic Drugs on Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072606. [PMID: 32283668 PMCID: PMC7177242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors require a constant supply of nutrients to grow which are provided through tumor blood vessels. To metastasize, tumors need a route to enter circulation, that route is also provided by tumor blood vessels. Thus, angiogenesis is necessary for both tumor progression and metastasis. Angiogenesis is tightly regulated by a balance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. Angiogenic factors of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family lead to the activation of endothelial cells, proliferation, and neovascularization. Significant VEGF-A upregulation is commonly observed in cancer cells, also due to hypoxic conditions, and activates endothelial cells (ECs) by paracrine signaling stimulating cell migration and proliferation, resulting in tumor-dependent angiogenesis. Conversely, antiangiogenic factors inhibit angiogenesis by suppressing ECs activation. One of the best-known anti-angiogenic factors is thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). In pathological angiogenesis, the balance shifts towards the proangiogenic factors and an angiogenic switch that promotes tumor angiogenesis. Here, we review the current literature supporting the notion of the existence of two different endothelial lineages: normal endothelial cells (NECs), representing the physiological form of vascular endothelium, and tumor endothelial cells (TECs), which are strongly promoted by the tumor microenvironment and are biologically different from NECs. The angiogenic switch would be also important for the explanation of the differences between NECs and TECs, as angiogenic factors, cytokines and growth factors secreted into the tumor microenvironment may cause genetic instability. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic differences between the two endothelial lineages, which provide a possible window for pharmacological targeting of TECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Ciesielski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
- The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Biesiekierska
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
| | - Baptiste Panthu
- INSERM Unit 1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet—BP12, F-69495 Pierre Bénite CEDEX, France; (B.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Varvara Vialichka
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
| | - Luciano Pirola
- INSERM Unit 1060, CarMeN Laboratory, Lyon 1 University, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet—BP12, F-69495 Pierre Bénite CEDEX, France; (B.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Aneta Balcerczyk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.); (V.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-635-45-10
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Orso F, Quirico L, Dettori D, Coppo R, Virga F, Ferreira LC, Paoletti C, Baruffaldi D, Penna E, Taverna D. Role of miRNAs in tumor and endothelial cell interactions during tumor progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 60:214-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Weidle UH, Schmid D, Birzele F, Brinkmann U. MicroRNAs Involved in Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Target Candidates, Functionality and Efficacy in Animal Models and Prognostic Relevance. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:1-21. [PMID: 31882547 PMCID: PMC6937123 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is responsible for the second-leading cancer-related death toll worldwide. Although sorafenib and levantinib as frontline therapy and regorafenib, cabazantinib and ramicurimab have now been approved for second-line therapy, the therapeutic benefit is in the range of only a few months with respect to prolongation of survival. Aggressiveness of HCC is mediated by metastasis. Intrahepatic metastases and distant metastasis to the lungs, lymph nodes, bones, omentum, adrenal gland and brain have been observed. Therefore, the identification of metastasis-related new targets and treatment modalities is of paramount importance. In this review, we focus on metastasis-related microRNAs (miRs) as therapeutic targets for HCC. We describe miRs which mediate or repress HCC metastasis in mouse xenograft models. We discuss 18 metastasis-promoting miRs and 35 metastasis-inhibiting miRs according to the criteria as outlined. Six of the metastasis-promoting miRs (miR-29a, -219-5p, -331-3p, 425-5p, -487a and -1247-3p) are associated with unfavourable clinical prognosis. Another set of six down-regulated miRs (miR-101, -129-3p, -137, -149, -503, and -630) correlate with a worse clinical prognosis. We discuss the corresponding metastasis-related targets as well as their potential as therapeutic modalities for treatment of HCC-related metastasis. A subset of up-regulated miRs -29a, -219-5p and -425-5p and down-regulated miRs -129-3p and -630 were evaluated in orthotopic metastasis-related models which are suitable to mimic HCC-related metastasis. Those miRNAs may represent prioritized targets emerging from our survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Schmid
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Brinkmann
- Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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Felgendreff P, Raschzok N, Kunze K, Leder A, Lippert S, Klunk S, Tautenhahn HM, Hau HM, Schmuck RB, Reutzel-Selke A, Sauer IM, Bartels M, Morgül MH. Tissue-based miRNA mapping in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: different profiles in cirrhosis with or without hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomarkers 2019; 25:62-68. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2019.1691267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Felgendreff
- Department of General, Visceral, and Vascular Surgery, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- “Else Kröner-Forschungskolleg AntiAge”, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Nathanael Raschzok
- Department of Surgery, Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kunze
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annekatrin Leder
- Department of Surgery, Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Lippert
- Department of Surgery, Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sergej Klunk
- Department of Traumatology, Hand and Orthopedic Surgery, Harzklinikum Dorothea Christiane Erxleben GmbH, Quedlinberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Michael Tautenhahn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Vascular Surgery, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans-Michael Hau
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rosa Bianca Schmuck
- Department of Surgery, Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Reutzel-Selke
- Department of Surgery, Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor Maximilian Sauer
- Department of Surgery, Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bartels
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of General Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Helios Park-Klinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mehmet Haluk Morgül
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Nasr MA, Salah RA, Abd Elkodous M, Elshenawy SE, El-Badri N. Dysregulated MicroRNA Fingerprints and Methylation Patterns in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cancer Stem Cells, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:229. [PMID: 31681762 PMCID: PMC6811506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the top causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Although HCC has been researched extensively, there is still a need for novel and effective therapeutic interventions. There is substantial evidence that initiation of carcinogenesis in liver cirrhosis, a leading cause of HCC, is mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs were also shown to be responsible for relapse and chemoresistance in several cancers, including HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute important epigenetic markers that regulate carcinogenesis by acting post-transcriptionally on mRNAs, contributing to the progression of HCC. We have previously shown that co-culture of cancer cells with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could induce the reprogramming of MSCs into CSC-like cells. In this review, we evaluate the available data concerning the epigenetic regulation of miRNAs through methylation and the possible role of this regulation in stem cell and somatic reprogramming in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Nasr
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Radwa Ayman Salah
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - M Abd Elkodous
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa E Elshenawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
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Inflammatory Micro-environment Contributes to Stemness Properties and Metastatic Potential of HCC via the NF-κB/miR-497/SALL4 Axis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 15:79-90. [PMID: 31650028 PMCID: PMC6804787 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated the essential role of inflammatory micro-environment in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Some cancer cells in tumor maintain typical stemness properties and, with the capacity of self-renewal, are thought to be crucial for the initiation and maintenance of tumors as well as their metastasis. Although both inflammatory micro-environment and stemness properties played crucial roles in tumor initiation and development, currently it is still unclear whether and how the inflammatory micro-environment promotes cancer stemness properties. Here, we show the first evidence that the inflammatory micro-environment promotes the stemness properties and metastatic potential of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via the NF-κB/miR-497/SALL4 axis. We discover that miR-497 directly targets SALL4, negatively regulates its expression, and further inhibits the self-renewal and metastasis of HCC; more importantly, inflammatory factor TNF-α inhibits the expression of miR-497 via NF-kB-mediated negative transcriptional regulation and simultaneously upregulates the expression of SALL4 and promotes the self-renewal and metastasis phenotypes of HCC cells. Moreover, lower expression of miR-497 is significantly associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. Taken together, our findings not only revealed a novel signaling pathway (NF-κB/miR-497/SALL4 axis) to connect inflammation with stemness properties, and clarified the molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammation-mediated self-renewal and metastasis phenotypes, but also provided novel molecular targets for developing new anticancer strategies.
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Zhang M, Wu J, Zhang R, Yang J, Zhang Q, Liu B. miR-497 inhibits the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the Rictor/Akt signal pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:1992-2000. [PMID: 31934021 PMCID: PMC6949653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulating various physiologic and pathologic processes of different human diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our research aimed to investigate the role of miR-497 in migration, invasive ability of HepG2-GS cells and the regulating mechanism. In this study, Rictor was identified as a target gene of miR-497 by informatic software, including Microcosm Targets, miRanda, and TargetScan. MiR-497 or Rictor were silenced or overexpressed in HepG2-GS cells through transfection. The functional assay results showed that Rictor knockdown inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Overexpression of Rictor inversed the effects of miR-497 on cancer cells growth inhibition. miR-497 regulated protein kinase B, PKB (Akt) signaling pathway by targeting Rictor. MiR-497 increased chemo-sensitivity of HepG2-GS through regulation of Rictor. In conclusion, our research demonstrated that miR-497 inhibits the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance of hepatoma cells by targeting of Rictor/Akt signal pathway, and miR-497. Thus, Rictor has the potential to be a explored as a biomarker or therapeutic target for diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affilicated Hosptial of Hebei UniversityHebei, China
| | - Jianfei Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affilicated Hosptial of Hebei UniversityHebei, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affilicated Hosptial of Hebei UniversityHebei, China
| | - Jihong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affilicated Hosptial of Hebei UniversityHebei, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affilicated Hosptial of Hebei UniversityHebei, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, The Affilicated Hosptial of Hebei UniversityHebei, China
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Zou G, Wang R, Wang M. Clinical response and prognostic significance of serum miR-497 expression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Biomark 2019; 25:11-18. [PMID: 31006664 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guicheng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Department of General Surgery, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Anorectal, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Department of General Surgery, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Wanhua Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Prognostic Value of MicroRNA-497 in Various Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:2491291. [PMID: 31191744 PMCID: PMC6525922 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2491291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Some studies showed that microRNA-497 (miR-497) might act as a prognostic biomarker of cancer. However, the conclusion was not consistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of miR-497 in various carcinomas. Methods We systematically searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data to identify relevant studies. Two independent reviewers performed the data extraction and assessed the study quality. Hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival/relapse-free survival (DFS/RFS) were used to assess the associations between miR-497 expression and cancer prognosis. Results A total of 15 studies involving 1760 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The lower level of miR-497 expression was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (HR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.84-2.60). No significant association was found between miR-497 expression and DFS/RFS in various carcinomas (HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.53-2.57). Subgroup analyses by ethnicity and cancer type showed the consistent results. Conclusion Our studies suggested that miR-497 might be a prognostic biomarker in cancers. However, further multicenter prospective clinical researches are needed to confirm the association between miR-497 expression and cancer prognosis.
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Liu WL. MicroRNA-9 inhibits retinal neovascularization in rats with diabetic retinopathy by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor A. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8032-8043. [PMID: 30485520 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of adult visual impairment and loss. This study aims to explore the effects of microRNA-9 (miR-9) on retinal neovascularization during DR by targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). DR rat models were successfully established. Retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) of DR rats were isolated and treated with miR-9 mimic, miR-9 inhibitor or small interfering RNA (siRNA)-VEGFA. The expressions of miR-9, VEGFA, and cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) of the rats' tissues and cells were examined. The targeting relationship between miR-9 and VEGFA was testified. The tubule formation, the cell proliferation and the periodic distribution and apoptosis were evaluated after transfection. In the retinal tissues of DR rats, miR-9 expression decreased while the expression of VEGFA and CD31 increased. Notably, miR-9 targeted and inhibited VEGFA expression. In response to the treatment of miR-9 mimic and siRNA-VEGFA, a reduction was identified in CD31 expression, tubule formation, and proliferation of RMECs and cell ratio in the S phase, but an increase was observed in apoptosis rate of RMECs. The treatment of miR-9 inhibitor reversed the manifestations. Our study demonstrated that miR-9 could inhibit retinal neovascularization of DR and tubule formation, and promote apoptosis in RMECs by targeting VEGFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lan Liu
- Optometry Education & Research Office, College of Medical Technology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Shao G, Wang M, Fan X, Zhong L, Wang Z, Zhang P, Ji S. lncRNA CASC9 positively regulates CHK1 to promote breast cancer cell proliferation and survival through sponging the miR‑195/497 cluster. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1665-1675. [PMID: 30816435 PMCID: PMC6438439 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of diverse types of human disorders. Cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (CASC9), a gene encoding a lncRNA, has frequently been reported to be dysregulated and has been implicated in multiple types of human malignancies. However, the biological role of lncRNA CASC9 in breast cancer (BC) remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA CASC9 in BC and to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms involved. In the present study, lncRNA CASC9 was found to be significantly upregulated in both BC tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, functional analyses revealed that lncRNA CASC9 accelerated BC cell proliferation, promoted cell cycle progression and suppressed cell apoptosis. Moreover, mechanical experiments demonstrated that lncRNA CASC9 positively regulated checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) by competitively binding to the miR-195/497 cluster in BC cells. Additionally, the knockdown of lncRNA CASC9 was observed to suppress breast tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that lncRNA CASC9 plays an oncogenic role in BC through sponging the miR-195/497 cluster, and that lncRNA CASC9 may be used as a novel therapeutic target and as a potential diagnostic marker for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Shao
- Specialized Medical Service Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Mengchuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Xulong Fan
- Maternity and Children's Healthcare Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 52800, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Specialized Medical Service Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Zixiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Pusheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Shufeng Ji
- Specialized Medical Service Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Zhao F. MicroRNA‑758 inhibits tumorous behavior in tongue squamous cell carcinoma by directly targeting metadherin. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1883-1890. [PMID: 30628702 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), and their dysregulation has been demonstrated to have a strong correlation with TSCC progression via regulation of their targets. Therefore, miRNAs have potential use in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with TSCC. In the present study, miRNA‑758 (miR‑758) expression in TSCC tissues and cell lines was detected through reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the effects of miR‑758 on TSCC cell proliferation and invasion were investigated by using Cell Counting kit‑8 and Transwell invasion assays. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the target interaction between miR‑758 and metadherin (MTDH) in TSCC cells. The results revealed that miR‑758 was downregulated in TSCC tissues and cell lines. miR‑758 overexpression restricted the proliferation and invasion of TSCC cells. Additionally, MTDH was verified as a direct target gene of miR‑758 in TSCC cells. Furthermore, MTDH was observed to be upregulated in TSCC tissues, and the upregulation of MTDH was inversely correlated with miR‑758 expression. Moreover, restored MTDH expression significantly counteracted the suppressive effects of miR‑758 overexpression on TSCC cells. These results suggested that miR‑758 may prevent TSCC progression and development by directly targeting MTDH, thereby providing evidence that miR‑758 is a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, P.R. China
| | - Fuquan Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Intervention, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, P.R. China
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Xu X, Tao Y, Shan L, Chen R, Jiang H, Qian Z, Cai F, Ma L, Yu Y. The Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:3557-3569. [PMID: 30310513 PMCID: PMC6171016 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers, leading to the second cancer-related death in the global. Although the treatment of HCC has greatly improved over the past few decades, the survival rate of patients is still quite low. Thus, it is urgent to explore new therapies, especially seek for more accurate biomarkers for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis in HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, are pivotal participants and regulators in the development and progression of HCC. Great progress has been made in the studies of miRNAs in HCC. The key regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs include proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, drug resistance and autophagy in HCC. And exosomal miRNAs also play important roles in proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance in HCC by regulating gene expression in the target cells. In addition, some miRNAs, including exosomal miRNAs, can be as potential diagnostic and prediction markers in HCC. This review summarizes the latest researches development of miRNAs in HCC in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shan
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Qian
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
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MicroRNAs as biomarkers for human glioblastoma: progress and potential. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1405-1413. [PMID: 29417946 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant glioma. Despite innovative research efforts in tumor therapy, the outcome for most diagnosed patients remains poor; therefore, early diagnosis of GBM is the most effective method for achieving better patient outcomes. In recent years, combined research efforts including cellular, molecular, genetic, and bioinformatics methods have been used to investigate GBM, and the results show that variations in miRNA expression occur in GBM tissues and biological fluids. Some highly stable miRNAs circulate in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of both healthy individuals and diagnosed patients, thus raising the possibility that miRNAs may serve as novel diagnostic markers. In addition, increased understanding of the miRNA and mRNA interactions involved in GBM progression may lead to discovering predictive biomarkers, some of which are clinically relevant for targeted therapy and predicting prognosis. However, as this field is relatively new, some studies have yielded conflicting results. To progress in the field, different advanced techniques must be combined, including bioinformatics methods and molecular and cellular techniques. In addition, we must overcome the various challenges in non-invasive GBM biomarker detection. Here, we discuss the progress and potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for GBM and related signaling pathways. Studying the clinical relevance and applicability of these biomarkers may alter GBM patient diagnosis and treatment.
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Yin Q, Han Y, Zhu D, Li Z, Shan S, Jin W, Lu Q, Ren T. miR-145 and miR-497 suppress TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of non-small cell lung cancer by targeting MTDH. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:105. [PMID: 30065618 PMCID: PMC6062944 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play crucial roles in multiple cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we investigated the role of miR-145 and miR-497 in TGF-β-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of NSCLC. Methods We performed quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) to detect the expression level of miR-145 and miR-497 in NSCLC cell lines. Then in the presence/absence of TGF-β, we transfected miRNA mimics or inhibitor into A549 and H1299 cells and investigated the role of miR-145 and miR-497 in cell migration and invasion using transwell and wound-healing assay. The regulation role of miR-145 and miR-497 on Metadherin (MTDH) was determined by luciferase assay. The expression level of MTDH and EMT markers E-cadherin and vimentin were detected on mRNA and protein level. Results In our study, our results showed that miR-145 and miR-497 were downregulated in NSCLC cell lines. Overexpression of miR-145 and miR-497 inhibited TGF-β-induced EMT and suppressed cancer cell migration and invasion, while the opposite results were observed in cells transfected with miR-145 or miR-497 inhibitor. Moreover, the luciferase assay confirmed that miR-145 and miR-497 attenuated MTDH expression by directly binding 3′-UTR of MTDH mRNA and exert the tumor-suppression role. Conclusions Overall, we demonstrated that miR-145 and miR-497 functioned as EMT-suppressor in NSCLC by targeting MTDH, provided new evidence that miR-145 and miR-497 as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yin
- 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120 China
| | - Yang Han
- 2Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Dongyi Zhu
- 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120 China
| | - Zhanxia Li
- 3Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120 China
| | - Shan Shan
- 4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Wenjing Jin
- 5Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Qingchun Lu
- 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120 China
| | - Tao Ren
- 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120 China.,4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
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Wang J, Wu S, Huang T. Expression and role of VEGFA and miR-381 in portal vein tumor thrombi in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5450-5456. [PMID: 29904424 PMCID: PMC5996705 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the expression and role of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and microRNA (miRNA or miR)-381 in tumor thrombi from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). Tumor thrombi and adjacent paired tissues were collected from 39 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with PVTT. VEGFA expression levels were assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. miRNAs that may regulate VEGFA expression were predicted using bioinformatics analysis and confirmed via a dual luciferase reporter assay. The effects of VEGFA and its upstream miRNA on proliferation of the proliferation of EAhy926 human venous endothelial cells were analyzed using an MTT assay. Compared with the paired adjacent tissues, VEGFA was significantly upregulated at both the mRNA and protein level in tumor thrombi (P<0.05). VEGFA was predicted to be a target of miR-381 and this was confirmed experimentally. miR-381 expression was significantly downregulated in tumor thrombi from patients with PVTT compared with paired adjacent tissues (P<0.05). In addition, transfection with antagomirs against miR-381 or short interfering RNA against VEGFA significantly inhibited EAhy926 cell proliferation (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that VEGFA is upregulated in tumor thrombi whereas miR-381 is downregulated. VEGFA is regulated by miR-381 and both may be associated with the development of PVTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Experimental Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhi Wu
- Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Tianren Huang
- Experimental Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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Small but Heavy Role: MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6784607. [PMID: 29951542 PMCID: PMC5987324 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6784607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for 85-90% of primary liver cancer, is the fifth most common malignant tumor and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, but the pathological mechanism of HCC is still not fully elucidated. miRNAs are evolutionarily endogenous small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression via posttranscriptional inhibition or target mRNA degradation in several diseases, especially human cancer. Therefore, discovering the roles of miRNAs is appealing to scientific researchers. Emerging evidence has shown that the aberrant expressions of numerous miRNAs are involved in many HCC biological processes. In hepatocarcinogenesis, miRNAs with dysregulated expression can exert their function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on their cellular target during the cell cycle, and in tumor development, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, and progression of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize current findings on miRNAs and assess their functions to explore the molecular mechanisms of tumor progression in HCC.
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