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Zhang G, Hou S, Li S, Wang Y, Cui W. Role of STAT3 in cancer cell epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:48. [PMID: 38488027 PMCID: PMC11000535 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, the role of the transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), in both normal physiology and the pathology of numerous diseases, including cancer, has been extensively studied. STAT3 is aberrantly activated in different types of cancer, fulfilling a critical role in cancer progression. The biological process, epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), is indispensable for embryonic morphogenesis. During the development of cancer, EMT is hijacked to confer motility, tumor cell stemness, drug resistance and adaptation to changes in the microenvironment. The aim of the present review was to outline recent advances in knowledge of the role of STAT3 in EMT, which may contribute to the understanding of the function of STAT3 in EMT in various types of cancer. Delineating the underlying mechanisms associated with the STAT3‑EMT signaling axis may generate novel diagnostic and therapeutic options for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Sen Hou
- Department of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Shuyue Li
- Department of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Yequan Wang
- Department of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Wen Cui
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
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2
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Chin FW, Chan SC, Veerakumarasivam A. Homeobox Gene Expression Dysregulation as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Bladder Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2641. [PMID: 37627900 PMCID: PMC10453580 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeobox genes serve as master regulatory transcription factors that regulate gene expression during embryogenesis. A homeobox gene may have either tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive properties depending on the specific organ or cell lineage where it is expressed. The dysregulation of homeobox genes has been reported in various human cancers, including bladder cancer. The dysregulated expression of homeobox genes has been associated with bladder cancer clinical outcomes. Although bladder cancer has high risk of tumor recurrence and progression, it is highly challenging for clinicians to accurately predict the risk of tumor recurrence and progression at the initial point of diagnosis. Cystoscopy is the routine surveillance method used to detect tumor recurrence. However, the procedure causes significant discomfort and pain that results in poor surveillance follow-up amongst patients. Therefore, the development of reliable non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection and monitoring of bladder cancer is crucial. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the diagnostic and prognostic potential of homeobox gene expression dysregulation in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fee-Wai Chin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Soon-Choy Chan
- School of Liberal Arts, Science and Technology, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia
| | - Abhi Veerakumarasivam
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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3
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Jiang L, Sun G, Zou L, Guan Y, Hang Y, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Zhang X, Huang X, Pan H, Rong S, Ma H. Noncoding RNAs as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:325-334. [PMID: 36970945 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2195554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between noncoding RNAs and the prognosis of bladder cancer (BC) is still controversial. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between noncoding RNAs and prognosis by meta-analysis. METHODS Comprehensive retrieval of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang databases is related to the correlation between noncoding RNAs and the prognosis of BC. Data were extracted, and the literature quality was evaluated. STATA16.0 served for the meta-analysis. RESULTS 1. CircRNAs: High circ-ZFR expression led to poor overall survival (OS) of BC. 2. LncRNAs: Low lnc-GAS5 expression predicted poor OS of BC, high lnc-TUG1 expression predicted poor OS of BC. 3. MiRNAs: High miR-21 expression predicted poor OS of BC, high miR-222 expression led to poor OS of BC, high miR-155 expression predicted poor progression-free survival (PFS) of BC, high miR-143 expression caused poor PFS of BC, low miR-214 expression could result in poor recurrence-free survival (RFS) of BC. CONCLUSIONS High circ-ZFR, lnc-TUG1, miR-222, and miR-21 expressions were correlated with poor OS of BC; high miR-155 and miR-143 expression predicted poor PFS of BC; low lnc-GAS5 expression predicted poor OS of BC; low miR-214 expression predicted poor RFS of BC.
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El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EGE, El-Husseiny AA, Ismail A, Yehia AM, Abdelmaksoud NM, Elshimy RAA, Noshy M, Doghish AS. miRNAs role in bladder cancer pathogenesis and targeted therapy: Signaling pathways interplay - A review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154316. [PMID: 36682282 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 11th most popular cancer in females and 4th in males. A lot of efforts have been exerted to improve BC patients' care. Besides, new approaches have been developed to enhance the efficiency of BC diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutics, and monitoring. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small chain nucleic acids that can regulate wide networks of cellular events. They can inhibit or degrade their target protein-encoding genes. The miRNAs are either downregulated or upregulated in BC due to epigenetic alterations or biogenesis machinery abnormalities. In BC, dysregulation of miRNAs is associated with cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis, treatment resistance, and other activities. A variety of miRNAs have been related to tumor kind, stage, or patient survival. Besides, although new approaches for using miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of BC have been developed, it still needs further investigations. In the next words, we illustrate the recent advances in the role of miRNAs in BC aspects. They include the role of miRNAs in BC pathogenesis and therapy. Besides, the clinical applications of miRNAs in BC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Mohamed Yehia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Reham A A Elshimy
- Clinical & Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, 11796 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mina Noshy
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), SouthSinai, Ras Sudr 46612, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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5
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Ware AP, Kabekkodu SP, Chawla A, Paul B, Satyamoorthy K. Diagnostic and prognostic potential clustered miRNAs in bladder cancer. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:173. [PMID: 35845108 PMCID: PMC9279521 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At specific genomic loci, miRNAs are in clusters and their association with copy number variations (CNVs) may exhibit abnormal expression in several cancers. Hence, the current study aims to understand the expression of miRNA clusters residing within CNVs and the regulation of their target genes in bladder cancer. To achieve this, we used extensive bioinformatics resources and performed an integrated analysis of recurrent CNVs, clustered miRNA expression, gene expression, and drug–gene interaction datasets. The study identified nine upregulated miRNA clusters that are residing on CNV gain regions and three miRNA clusters (hsa-mir-200c/mir-141, hsa-mir-216a/mir-217, and hsa-mir-15b/mir-16-2) are correlated with patient survival. These clustered miRNAs targeted 89 genes that were downregulated in bladder cancer. Moreover, network and gene enrichment analysis displayed 10 hub genes (CCND2, ETS1, FGF2, FN1, JAK2, JUN, KDR, NOTCH1, PTEN, and ZEB1) which have significant potential for diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer patients. Interestingly, hsa-mir-200c/mir-141 and hsa-mir-15b/mir-16-2 cluster candidates showed significant differences in their expression in stage-specific manner during cancer progression. Downregulation of NOTCH1 by hsa-mir-200c/mir-141 may also sensitize tumors to methotrexate thus suggesting potential chemotherapeutic options for bladder cancer subjects. To overcome some computational challenges and reduce the complexity in multistep big data analysis, we developed an automated pipeline called CmiRClustFinder v1.0 (https://github.com/msls-bioinfo/CmiRClustFinder_v1.0), which can perform integrated data analysis of 35 TCGA cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Pramod Ware
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Arun Chawla
- Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Bobby Paul
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
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6
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Rubio C, Avendaño-Ortiz J, Ruiz-Palomares R, Karaivanova V, Alberquilla O, Sánchez-Domínguez R, Casalvilla-Dueñas JC, Montalbán-Hernández K, Lodewijk I, Rodríguez-Izquierdo M, Munera-Maravilla E, Nunes SP, Suárez-Cabrera C, Pérez-Crespo M, Martínez VG, Morales L, Pérez-Escavy M, Alonso-Sánchez M, Lozano-Rodríguez R, Cueto FJ, Aguirre LA, Guerrero-Ramos F, Paramio JM, López-Collazo E, Dueñas M. Toward Tumor Fight and Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling: PBA Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Reduces Tumor Hybrid Cells' Pluripotency in Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:287. [PMID: 35053451 PMCID: PMC8773853 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most frequent cancer of the genitourinary system. The most successful therapy since the 1970s has consisted of intravesical instillations of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in which the tumor microenvironment (TME), including macrophages, plays an important role. However, some patients cannot be treated with this therapy due to comorbidities and severe inflammatory side effects. The overexpression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in BC has been correlated with macrophage polarization together with higher tumor grades and poor prognosis. Herein we demonstrated that phenylbutyrate acid (PBA), a HDAC inhibitor, acts as an antitumoral compound and immunomodulator. In BC cell lines, PBA induced significant cell cycle arrest in G1, reduced stemness markers and increased PD-L1 expression with a corresponding reduction in histone 3 and 4 acetylation patterns. Concerning its role as an immunomodulator, we found that PBA reduced macrophage IL-6 and IL-10 production as well as CD14 downregulation and the upregulation of both PD-L1 and IL-1β. Along this line, PBA showed a reduction in IL-4-induced M2 polarization in human macrophages. In co-cultures of BC cell lines with human macrophages, a double-positive myeloid-tumoral hybrid population (CD11b+EPCAM+) was detected after 48 h, which indicates BC cell-macrophage fusions known as tumor hybrid cells (THC). These THC were characterized by high PD-L1 and stemness markers (SOX2, NANOG, miR-302) as compared with non-fused (CD11b-EPCAM+) cancer cells. Eventually, PBA reduced stemness markers along with BMP4 and IL-10. Our data indicate that PBA could have beneficial properties for BC management, affecting not only tumor cells but also the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Rubio
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José Avendaño-Ortiz
- TumorImmunology Laboratory and Innate Immunity Group, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (J.C.C.-D.); (K.M.-H.); (R.L.-R.); (F.J.C.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Raquel Ruiz-Palomares
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Viktoriya Karaivanova
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Omaira Alberquilla
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.A.); (R.S.-D.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD/UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sánchez-Domínguez
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.A.); (R.S.-D.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBER-ER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Therapy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD/UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Casalvilla-Dueñas
- TumorImmunology Laboratory and Innate Immunity Group, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (J.C.C.-D.); (K.M.-H.); (R.L.-R.); (F.J.C.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Karla Montalbán-Hernández
- TumorImmunology Laboratory and Innate Immunity Group, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (J.C.C.-D.); (K.M.-H.); (R.L.-R.); (F.J.C.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Iris Lodewijk
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Izquierdo
- Uro-Oncology Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-I.); (F.G.-R.)
| | - Ester Munera-Maravilla
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sandra P. Nunes
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network) Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristian Suárez-Cabrera
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miriam Pérez-Crespo
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Víctor G. Martínez
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lucía Morales
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mercedes Pérez-Escavy
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel Alonso-Sánchez
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez
- TumorImmunology Laboratory and Innate Immunity Group, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (J.C.C.-D.); (K.M.-H.); (R.L.-R.); (F.J.C.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Francisco J. Cueto
- TumorImmunology Laboratory and Innate Immunity Group, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (J.C.C.-D.); (K.M.-H.); (R.L.-R.); (F.J.C.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Luis A. Aguirre
- TumorImmunology Laboratory and Innate Immunity Group, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (J.C.C.-D.); (K.M.-H.); (R.L.-R.); (F.J.C.); (L.A.A.)
| | - Félix Guerrero-Ramos
- Uro-Oncology Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-I.); (F.G.-R.)
| | - Jesús M. Paramio
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- TumorImmunology Laboratory and Innate Immunity Group, Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (J.C.C.-D.); (K.M.-H.); (R.L.-R.); (F.J.C.); (L.A.A.)
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Biomedical Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Av Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (R.R.-P.); (I.L.); (E.M.-M.); (S.P.N.); (C.S.-C.); (M.P.-C.); (V.G.M.); (L.M.); (M.P.-E.); (M.A.-S.); (J.M.P.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Avenida Complutense nº40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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7
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Alterations of Chromatin Regulators in the Pathogenesis of Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236040. [PMID: 34885146 PMCID: PMC8656749 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Urinary bladder cancer is one of the ten major cancers worldwide, with higher incidences in males, in smokers, and in highly industrialized countries. New therapies beyond cytotoxic chemotherapy are urgently needed to improve treatment of these tumors. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying their development may help in this regard. Recently, it was discovered that a group of proteins regulating the state of chromatin and thus gene expression is exceptionally and frequently affected by gene mutations in bladder cancers. Altered function of these mutated chromatin regulators must therefore be fundamental in their development, but how and why is poorly understood. Here we review the current knowledge on changes in chromatin regulators and discuss their possible consequences for bladder cancer development and options for new therapies. Abstract Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most frequent histological type of cancer in the urinary bladder. Genomic changes in UC activate MAPK and PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathways, which increase cell proliferation and survival, interfere with cell cycle and checkpoint control, and prevent senescence. A more recently discovered additional category of genetic changes in UC affects chromatin regulators, including histone-modifying enzymes (KMT2C, KMT2D, KDM6A, EZH2), transcription cofactors (CREBBP, EP300), and components of the chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF (ARID1A, SMARCA4). It is not yet well understood how these changes contribute to the development and progression of UC. Therefore, we review here the emerging knowledge on genomic and gene expression alterations of chromatin regulators and their consequences for cell differentiation, cellular plasticity, and clonal expansion during UC pathogenesis. Our analysis identifies additional relevant chromatin regulators and suggests a model for urothelial carcinogenesis as a basis for further mechanistic studies and targeted therapy development.
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Mieczkowska IK, Pantelaiou-Prokaki G, Prokakis E, Schmidt GE, Müller-Kirschbaum LC, Werner M, Sen M, Velychko T, Jannasch K, Dullin C, Napp J, Pantel K, Wikman H, Wiese M, Kramm CM, Alves F, Wegwitz F. Decreased PRC2 activity supports the survival of basal-like breast cancer cells to cytotoxic treatments. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1118. [PMID: 34845197 PMCID: PMC8630036 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer occurring in women but also rarely develops in men. Recent advances in early diagnosis and development of targeted therapies have greatly improved the survival rate of BC patients. However, the basal-like BC subtype (BLBC), largely overlapping with the triple-negative BC subtype (TNBC), lacks such drug targets and conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies often remain the only treatment option. Thus, the development of resistance to cytotoxic therapies has fatal consequences. To assess the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms and their therapeutic potential increasing cytotoxic drug efficiency, we combined high-throughput RNA- and ChIP-sequencing analyses in BLBC cells. Tumor cells surviving chemotherapy upregulated transcriptional programs of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness. To our surprise, the same cells showed a pronounced reduction of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) activity via downregulation of its subunits Ezh2, Suz12, Rbbp7 and Mtf2. Mechanistically, loss of PRC2 activity leads to the de-repression of a set of genes through an epigenetic switch from repressive H3K27me3 to activating H3K27ac mark at regulatory regions. We identified Nfatc1 as an upregulated gene upon loss of PRC2 activity and directly implicated in the transcriptional changes happening upon survival to chemotherapy. Blocking NFATc1 activation reduced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, aggressiveness, and therapy resistance of BLBC cells. Our data demonstrate a previously unknown function of PRC2 maintaining low Nfatc1 expression levels and thereby repressing aggressiveness and therapy resistance in BLBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga K. Mieczkowska
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Garyfallia Pantelaiou-Prokaki
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.419522.90000 0001 0668 6902Translational Molecular Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Evangelos Prokakis
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Geske E. Schmidt
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Gastroenterology, GI-Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lukas C. Müller-Kirschbaum
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Werner
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Madhobi Sen
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Taras Velychko
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Jannasch
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Clinic for Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Dullin
- grid.419522.90000 0001 0668 6902Translational Molecular Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Clinic for Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joanna Napp
- grid.419522.90000 0001 0668 6902Translational Molecular Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harriet Wikman
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Wiese
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christof M. Kramm
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- grid.419522.90000 0001 0668 6902Translational Molecular Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Clinic for Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany ,grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Wegwitz
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. .,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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Loras A, Segovia C, Ruiz-Cerdá JL. Epigenomic and Metabolomic Integration Reveals Dynamic Metabolic Regulation in Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2719. [PMID: 34072826 PMCID: PMC8198168 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) represents a clinical, social, and economic challenge due to tumor-intrinsic characteristics, limitations of diagnostic techniques and a lack of personalized treatments. In the last decade, the use of liquid biopsy has grown as a non-invasive approach to characterize tumors. Moreover, the emergence of omics has increased our knowledge of cancer biology and identified critical BC biomarkers. The rewiring between epigenetics and metabolism has been closely linked to tumor phenotype. Chromatin remodelers interact with each other to control gene silencing in BC, but also with stress-inducible factors or oncogenic signaling cascades to regulate metabolic reprogramming towards glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and lipogenesis. Concurrently, one-carbon metabolism supplies methyl groups to histone and DNA methyltransferases, leading to the hypermethylation and silencing of suppressor genes in BC. Conversely, α-KG and acetyl-CoA enhance the activity of histone demethylases and acetyl transferases, increasing gene expression, while succinate and fumarate have an inhibitory role. This review is the first to analyze the interplay between epigenome, metabolome and cell signaling pathways in BC, and shows how their regulation contributes to tumor development and progression. Moreover, it summarizes non-invasive biomarkers that could be applied in clinical practice to improve diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis and the therapeutic options in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Loras
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en TICs Aplicadas a la Reingeniería de Procesos Socio-Sanitarios (eRPSS), Universitat Politècnica de València-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Segovia
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Ruiz-Cerdá
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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EZH2 facilitates BMI1-dependent hepatocarcinogenesis through epigenetically silencing microRNA-200c. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:101. [PMID: 33168810 PMCID: PMC7652937 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-00284-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
EZH2, a histone methyltransferase, has been shown to involve in cancer development and progression via epigenetic regulation of tumor suppressor microRNAs, whereas BMI1, a driver of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a downstream target of these microRNAs. However, it remains unclear whether EZH2 can epigenetically regulate microRNA expression to modulate BMI1-dependent hepatocarcinogenesis. Here, we established that high EZH2 expression correlated with enhanced tumor size, elevated metastasis, increased relapse, and poor prognosis in HCC patients. Further clinical studies revealed that EZH2 overexpression was positively correlated to its gene copy number gain/amplification in HCC. Mechanistically, EZH2 epigenetically suppressed miR-200c expression both in vitro and in vivo, and more importantly, miR-200c post-transcriptionally regulated BMI1 expression by binding to the 3'-UTR region of its mRNA. Furthermore, miR-200c overexpression inhibits the growth of HCC cells in vivo. Silencing miR-200c rescued the tumorigenicity of EZH2-depleted HCC cells, whereas knocking down BMI1 reduced the promoting effect of miR-200c depletion on HCC cell migration. Finally, combination treatment of EZH2 and BMI1 inhibitors further inhibited the viability of HCC cells compared with the cells treated with EZH2 or BMI1 inhibitor alone. Our findings demonstrated that alteration of EZH2 gene copy number status induced BMI1-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis via epigenetically silencing miR-200c, providing novel therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
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Prognostic Stratification of Bladder Cancer Patients with a MicroRNA-based Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113133. [PMID: 33114775 PMCID: PMC7692037 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Robust non-invasive tests for prognostic stratification of bladder cancer (BCa) patients are in high demand. Following a comprehensive analysis of studies on BCa, we selected a panel of 29 microRNAs (miRNAs) and analyzed their levels in urine and plasma samples in a prospective cohort of 63 BCa patients (32 at high risk of recurrence and 31 low-risk cases) and 37 healthy controls using RT-qPCR. To design an assay suitable for large-scale testing, we applied a hierarchical pipeline to select the miRNAs that were not affected by confounding factors such as haematuria and urine specific gravity, and exceeded stringent cut-off criteria (fold change >2.5 and p-value < 0.005). Using a two-step decision tree based on the urine levels of miR-34a-5p, miR-200a-3p and miR-193a-5p, normalized against miR-125b-5p, patients could be classified as high- or low-risk with a sensitivity of 0.844, specificity of 0.806 and accuracy of 0.825. Furthermore, univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses indicated that increased urine levels of miR-29a-3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-205-5p and miR-532-5p were associated with a shorter event-free survival (hazard ratios > 3.1, p-value < 0.05). Taken together, our findings suggest that measuring the urine levels of these miRNAs could provide a novel cost-effective, noninvasive test for risk assessment of BCa patients.
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Taheri M, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Ghafouri-Fard S, Omrani MD. Expression profile of microRNAs in bladder cancer and their application as biomarkers. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110703. [PMID: 32890965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) comprises 3% of all cancers and is particularly common in the developed countries. Early diagnosis is an important necessity in improvement of BC prognosis, as patients' outcome is significantly different between muscle invasive BC (MIBC) and non-muscle invasive BC cases. This cancer is resulted from an intricate interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies have identified microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential modulators of carcinogenic potential of BC cells. These small transcripts regulate expression of target genes mostly through binding with their 3' untranslated regions. Expression of several oncomiRs has been increased in BC tissues, peripheral blood or urine samples of these patients. These miRNAs promote oncogenic potential of BC through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition or PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT and NF-κB/Snail signaling pathways. Besides, a number of tumor suppressive miRNAs have been down-regulated in BC samples leading to enhanced proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis of these cells. TGFβ1, Akt, MAPK, MET/SMAD3/SNAIL, MAPK1/Slug/vimentin and Wnt7a/β-catenin pathways and axes are among molecular targets of these miRNAs. Aberrant expressions of miRNAs in biofluids of patients with BC have potentiated them as molecular markers for prediction of disease course. In the current review, we provided a summary of studies which reported aberrant expression of miRNAs and their implications in the diagnosis or prognosis of patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Martinez VG, Munera-Maravilla E, Bernardini A, Rubio C, Suarez-Cabrera C, Segovia C, Lodewijk I, Dueñas M, Martínez-Fernández M, Paramio JM. Epigenetics of Bladder Cancer: Where Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets Meet. Front Genet 2019; 10:1125. [PMID: 31850055 PMCID: PMC6902278 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common neoplasia of the urothelial tract. Due to its high incidence, prevalence, recurrence and mortality, it remains an unsolved clinical and social problem. The treatment of BC is challenging and, although immunotherapies have revealed potential benefit in a percentage of patients, it remains mostly an incurable disease at its advanced state. Epigenetic alterations, including aberrant DNA methylation, altered chromatin remodeling and deregulated expression of non-coding RNAs are common events in BC and can be driver events in BC pathogenesis. Accordingly, these epigenetic alterations are now being used as potential biomarkers for these disorders and are being envisioned as potential therapeutic targets for the future management of BC. In this review, we summarize the recent findings in these emerging and exciting new aspects paving the way for future clinical treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor G. Martinez
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Munera-Maravilla
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Bernardini
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Rubio
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Suarez-Cabrera
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Segovia
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iris Lodewijk
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Martínez-Fernández
- Genomes & Disease Lab, CiMUS (Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesus Maria Paramio
- Biomedical Research Institute I + 12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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Braicu C, Buiga R, Cojocneanu R, Buse M, Raduly L, Pop LA, Chira S, Budisan L, Jurj A, Ciocan C, Magdo L, Irimie A, Dobrota F, Petrut B, Berindan-Neagoe I. Connecting the dots between different networks: miRNAs associated with bladder cancer risk and progression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:433. [PMID: 31665050 PMCID: PMC6819535 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BC) is a common urothelial malignancy, characterized by a high recurrence rate. The biology of bladder cancer is complex and needs to be deciphered. The latest evidence reveals the critical role of the non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), as vital regulatory elements in cancer. METHOD We performed a miRNAs microarray using paired tissues (tumor and adjacent normal bladder tissue), followed by the validation with qRT-PCR of five selected transcripts. Additional next-generation sequencing investigation established the interconnection among the altered miRNAs and mutated genes. Based on the overlapping between TCGA data and data obtained in the study, we focused on the systematic identification of altered miRNAs and genes mutated involved in bladder cancer tumorigenesis and progression. RESULTS By overlapping the miRNAs expression data, the two patient cohorts, we identified 18 miRNAs downregulated and, 187 miRNAs upregulated. qRT-PCR validation was completed using a selected panel of two downregulated (miR-139-5p and miR-143-5p) and three up-regulated miRNAs (miR-141b, miR-200 s or miR-205). Altered miRNAs patterns are interrelated to bladder tumorigenesis, allowing them to be used for the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Three EMT-related upregulated miRNAs have an essential role in the molecular mechanisms, specifically key processes underlying tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis. Using the Ampliseq Cancer Panel kit and Ion Torrent PGM Next-Generation Sequencing an increased mutation rate for TP53, FGFR3, KDR, PIK3CA and ATM were observed, but the mutational status for only TP53 was correlated to the survival rate. The miRNAs pattern, along with the gene mutation pattern attained, can assist for better patient diagnosis. CONCLUSION This study thereby incorporates miRNAs as critical players in bladder cancer prognosis, where their altered gene expression profiles have a critical biological function in relationship with tumor molecular phenotype. The miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks identified in BC are ripe for exploitation as biomarkers or targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Rares Buiga
- Department of Pathology, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Pathology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihail Buse
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Ancuta Pop
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sergiu Chira
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liviuta Budisan
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lorand Magdo
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Irimie
- Department of Surgery, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynecological Oncology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florentin Dobrota
- Department of Urology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Petrut
- Department of Urology, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. .,Department of Urology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Gene Expression Analyses in Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Reveals a Role for Alternative Splicing and Tp53 Status. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10362. [PMID: 31316092 PMCID: PMC6637137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents a crucial problem for the national health care systems due to its high rates of recurrence and the consequent need of frequent follow-ups. Here, gene expression analyses in patients diagnosed as NMIBC were performed to determine those molecular pathways involved in tumor initiation, finding that both MYC and E2F are up regulated and helps to tumor initiation and progression. Our results also support an important involvement of alternative splicing events, modifying key pathways to favour bladder tumor evolution. Finally, since MDM2 showed differential exon usage, mutations in TP53 and its protein expression have been also studied in the same patients. Our data support that recurrence is epigenetically mediated and favoured by an increase protein expression of TP53, which appears more frequently mutated in advanced stages and grades, being associated to a worse prognosis. Therefore, TP53 mutational status could be used as a potential biomarker in the first stages of NMIBC to predict recurrence and prognosis.
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Segovia C, San José-Enériz E, Munera-Maravilla E, Martínez-Fernández M, Garate L, Miranda E, Vilas-Zornoza A, Lodewijk I, Rubio C, Segrelles C, Valcárcel LV, Rabal O, Casares N, Bernardini A, Suarez-Cabrera C, López-Calderón FF, Fortes P, Casado JA, Dueñas M, Villacampa F, Lasarte JJ, Guerrero-Ramos F, de Velasco G, Oyarzabal J, Castellano D, Agirre X, Prósper F, Paramio JM. Inhibition of a G9a/DNMT network triggers immune-mediated bladder cancer regression. Nat Med 2019; 25:1073-1081. [PMID: 31270502 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is lethal in its advanced, muscle-invasive phase with very limited therapeutic advances1,2. Recent molecular characterization has defined new (epi)genetic drivers and potential targets for bladder cancer3,4. The immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown remarkable efficacy but only in a limited fraction of bladder cancer patients5-8. Here, we show that high G9a (EHMT2) expression is associated with poor clinical outcome in bladder cancer and that targeting G9a/DNMT methyltransferase activity with a novel inhibitor (CM-272) induces apoptosis and immunogenic cell death. Using an immunocompetent quadruple-knockout (PtenloxP/loxP; Trp53loxP/loxP; Rb1loxP/loxP; Rbl1-/-) transgenic mouse model of aggressive metastatic, muscle-invasive bladder cancer, we demonstrate that CM-272 + cisplatin treatment results in statistically significant regression of established tumors and metastases. The antitumor effect is significantly improved when CM-272 is combined with anti-programmed cell death ligand 1, even in the absence of cisplatin. These effects are associated with an endogenous antitumor immune response and immunogenic cell death with the conversion of a cold immune tumor into a hot tumor. Finally, increased G9a expression was associated with resistance to programmed cell death protein 1 inhibition in a cohort of patients with bladder cancer. In summary, these findings support new and promising opportunities for the treatment of bladder cancer using a combination of epigenetic inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Segovia
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Edurne San José-Enériz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hemato-oncology Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ester Munera-Maravilla
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Martínez-Fernández
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain.,Mobile Genomes and Disease Laboratory CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Leire Garate
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Miranda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hemato-oncology Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Vilas-Zornoza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hemato-oncology Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Carolina Rubio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Segrelles
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Vitores Valcárcel
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Hemato-oncology Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,TECNUN, University of Navarra, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Obdulia Rabal
- Small Molecule Discovery Platform, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Noelia Casares
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alejandra Bernardini
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando F López-Calderón
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Puri Fortes
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José A Casado
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras and Advanced Therapies Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Villacampa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Lasarte
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Félix Guerrero-Ramos
- Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain.,Urology Department, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo de Velasco
- Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Julen Oyarzabal
- Small Molecule Discovery Platform, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain
| | - Xabier Agirre
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain. .,Hemato-oncology Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain. .,Hemato-oncology Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. .,Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Jesús M Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Madrid, Spain. .,Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital '12 de Octubre', Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Gao R, Zhang N, Yang J, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Wang J, Xu X, Li Z, Liu X, Li Z, Li J, Kong C, Bi J. Long non-coding RNA ZEB1-AS1 regulates miR-200b/FSCN1 signaling and enhances migration and invasion induced by TGF-β1 in bladder cancer cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:111. [PMID: 30823924 PMCID: PMC6397446 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Background The effect of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) can regulate gene expression by competitively binding microRNAs. Fascin-1 (FSCN1) plays an important role in the regulation of cellular migration and invasion during tumor progression, but how its regulatory mechanism works through the ceRNA effect is still unclear in bladder cancer (BLCA). Methods The role of fascin-1, miR-200b, and ZEB1-AS1 in BLCA was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The interaction between fascin-1, miR-200b, and ZEB1-AS1 was identified using bioinformatics analysis, luciferase activity assays, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), quantitative PCR, and western blotting. Loss (or gain)-of-function experiments were performed to investigate the biological roles of miR-200b and ZEB1-AS1 on migration, invasion, proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle. Results ZEB1-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA in BLCA to regulate the expression of fascin-1 through miR-200b. Moreover, the oncogenic long non-coding RNA ZEB1-AS1 was highly expressed in BLCA and positively correlated with high tumor grade, high TNM stage, and reduced survival of patients with BLCA. Moreover, ZEB1-AS1 downregulated the expression of miR-200b, promoted migration, invasion, and proliferation, and inhibited apoptosis in BLCA. Furthermore, we found TGF-β1 induced migration and invasion in BLCA by regulating the ZEB1-AS1/miR-200b/FSCN1 axis. Conclusion The observations in this study identify an important regulatory mechanism of fascin-1 in BLCA, and the TGF-β1/ZEB1-AS1/miR-200b/FSCN1 axis may serve as a potential target for cancer therapeutic purposes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1102-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxu Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiwen Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyu Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeliang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiankui Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuize Kong
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianbin Bi
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Wang F, Zhang L, Xu H, Li R, Xu L, Qin Z, Zhong B. The Significance Role of microRNA-200c as a Prognostic Factor in Various Human Solid Malignant Neoplasms: A Meta-Analysis. J Cancer 2019; 10:277-286. [PMID: 30662548 PMCID: PMC6329861 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of 49 relevant studies to evaluate the prognostic value of miRNA-200c in various human malignant neoplasms. Methods: All relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase and Web of Science until August 15st, 2018. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of miRNA-200c for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS)/disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated to investigate such associations. Results: Overall, 49 eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. Our results showed that high expression of miRNA-200c was significantly correlated with a poor OS in cancer (pooled HR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.06-1.65), but was not significantly correlated with PFS/RFS/DFS in cancer (pooled HR=1.05, 95% CI: 0.84-1.23). In our subgroup analysis, high miRNA-200c expression predicted a significantly worse OS (pooled HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.12-2.01) only in Caucasians. Moreover, high miRNA-200c expression even showed significantly poor OS (pooled HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.39-2.54) in blood samples. In addition, a significantly unfavorable OS (pooled HR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.49-4.85) and (pooled HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.07-6.59) associated with up-regulated miRNA-200c expression were observed in breast cancer and endometrial cancer, respectively. Besides, high miRNA-200c expression also showed significantly poor PFS/RFS/DFS (pooled HR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.03-2.67) in breast cancer. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that high miRNA-200c expression was a promising biomarker for patient survival and disease progression in malignant tumors, especially in breast cancer and endometrial cancer. Considering the insufficient evidence, further large-scale researches and clinical studies were needed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haoxiang Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China.,Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
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20
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Monteiro-Reis S, Lobo J, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Epigenetic Mechanisms Influencing Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E297. [PMID: 30642115 PMCID: PMC6358899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most incident neoplasms worldwide, and its treatment remains a significant challenge, since the mechanisms underlying disease progression are still poorly understood. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been proven to play an important role in the tumorigenic process, particularly in cancer cell invasiveness and metastatic potential. Several studies have reported the importance of epigenetic mechanisms and enzymes, which orchestrate them in several features of cancer cells and, specifically, in EMT. In this paper, we discuss the epigenetic enzymes, protein-coding and non-coding genes, and mechanisms altered in the EMT process occurring in bladder cancer cells, as well as its implications, which allows for improved understanding of bladder cancer biology and for the development of novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monteiro-Reis
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Lobo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPOP), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPOP), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal.
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21
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Issa YA, Nounou HA, Hashad MM. Hsa-microRNA-101-3p expression in human urinary bladder cancer: Correlation with tumor pathology. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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M JR, S V. BMI1 and PTEN are key determinants of breast cancer therapy: A plausible therapeutic target in breast cancer. Gene 2018; 678:302-311. [PMID: 30096458 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BMI-1 (B-lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1) is a key protein partner in polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) that helps in maintaining the integrity of the complex. It is also a key player in ubiquitination of histone H2A which affects gene expression pattern involved in various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, growth, DNA repair, apoptosis and senescence. In many cancers, Overexpression of BMI1correlates with advanced stages of disease, aggressive clinicopathological behavior, poor prognosis resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. BMI1 is emerging as a key player in EMT, chemo-resistance and cancer stemness. Overexpression is observed in various cancer types such as breast, primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gastric, ovarian, head and neck, pancreatic and lung cancer. Studies have shown that experimental reduction of BMI protein level in tumor cells results in inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis and/or senescence, and increases susceptibility to cytotoxic agents and radiation therapy. Thus, inhibition of BMI1 expression particularly in breast cancer stem cells can be used as a potential strategy for the complete elimination of tumor and to prevent disease relapse. On other hand PTEN is known to be an important tumor suppressor next to p53. In many cancers particularly in breast cancer, p53 and PTEN undergo mutations. Studies have indicated the functional and mechanistic link between the BMI-1oncoprotein and tumor suppressor PTEN in the development and progression of cancer. The current review focuses on recent findings of how oncogenicity and chemo-resistance are caused by BMI1. It also highlights the transcriptional regulation between BMI1 and PTEN that dictates the therapeutic outcome in cancers where the functional p53 is absent. Herein, we have clearly demonstrated the regulation of transcription at genomic loci of BMI1 and PTEN in cancerous tissue or cells and the possible epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) at BMI1 and PTEN loci that may provide some clue for the possible therapy against TNBC in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaki Ramaiah M
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401, India.
| | - Vaishnave S
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401, India
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23
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Falzone L, Candido S, Salemi R, Basile MS, Scalisi A, McCubrey JA, Torino F, Signorelli SS, Montella M, Libra M. Computational identification of microRNAs associated to both epithelial to mesenchymal transition and NGAL/MMP-9 pathways in bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72758-72766. [PMID: 27602581 PMCID: PMC5341942 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the leading cancer of the urinary tract. It is often diagnosed at advanced stage of the disease. To date, no specific and effective early detection biomarkers are available. Cancer development and progression are associated with the involvement of both epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor microenvironment of which NGAL/MMP-9 complex represents the main player in bladder cancer. It is known that change in microRNAs (miRNAs) expression may result in gene modulation. Therefore, the identification of specific miRNAs associated with EMT pathway and NGAL/MMP-9 complex may be useful to detect the development of bladder cancer at early stages. On this ground, the expression levels of miRNAs in public available datasets of bladder cancer containing data of non-coding RNA profiling was evaluated. This analysis revealed a group of 16 miRNAs differentially expressed between bladder cancer patients and related healthy controls. By miRNA prediction tool (mirDIP), the relationship between the identified miRNAs and the EMT genes was established. Using the DIANA-mirPath (v.2) software, miRNAs, able to modulate the expression of NGAL and MMP-9 genes, were recognized. The results of this study provide evidence that the downregulated hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-214-3p may modulate the expression of both EMT and NGAL/MMP-9 pathways. Therefore, further validation analyses may confirm the usefulness of these selected miRNAs for predicting the development of bladder cancer at the early stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Falzone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Functional Genomics, Section of General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Functional Genomics, Section of General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rossella Salemi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Functional Genomics, Section of General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria S Basile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Functional Genomics, Section of General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Medical Oncology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore S Signorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Medical Angiology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Maurizio Montella
- Unit of Epidemiology, 'Fondazione G. Pascale', Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Functional Genomics, Section of General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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24
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Segovia C, Martínez-Fernández M, Dueñas M, Rubio C, López-Calderón FF, Costa C, Saiz-Ladera C, Fernández-Grajera M, Duarte J, Muñoz HG, de la Rosa F, Villacampa F, Castellano D, Paramio JM. Opposing roles of PIK3CA gene alterations to EZH2 signaling in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:10531-10542. [PMID: 28060766 PMCID: PMC5354678 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The high rates of tumor recurrence and progression represent a major clinical problem in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Previous data showed that EZH2-dependent signaling mediates these processes, whereas the frequent alterations of PIK3CA gene (copy gains and mutations) are predictive of reduced recurrence. Here we show, using clinical samples and bladder cancer cell lines, a functional interaction between EZH2- and PIK3CA-dependent signaling pathways. PIK3CA alterations mediated, on the one hand, the increased expression of two miRNAs, miR-101 and miR-138, which posttranscriptionally downregulate EZH2 expression. On the other hand, PIK3CA alterations facilitate the activation of Akt which phosphorylates EZH2 on Ser21, precluding the trimethylation of histone H3 in K27. Remarkably the increased expression of miR101 or miR138 and the expression of Ser21-phosphorylated EZH2 are good prognostic factors regarding non-muscle invasive bladder cancer recurrence and progression. Collectively, this study provides molecular evidences indicating that the gene expression rewiring occurring in primary bladder tumors, associated with increased EZH2 expression and activity and mediating the increased recurrence and progression risk, are prevented by PIK3CA-dependent signaling. This molecular process may have deep implications in the management of bladder cancer patients and in the design of novel molecularly targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Segovia
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
| | - Mónica Martínez-Fernández
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
| | - Carolina Rubio
- Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
| | | | - Clotilde Costa
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Mixta Roche-CHUS, Hospital Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Travesía de Choupana, s/n, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Cristina Saiz-Ladera
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Duarte
- Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
| | - Huberto García Muñoz
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre i+12, UCM, Av Cordoba s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico de la Rosa
- Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
| | - Felipe Villacampa
- Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano
- Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
| | - Jesús M Paramio
- Unidad de Oncología Molecular, CIEMAT (ed70A), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Oncología celular y Molecular, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER ONC), Spain
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Wu CL, Ho JY, Chou SC, Yu DS. MiR-429 reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition by restoring E-cadherin expression in bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26593-603. [PMID: 27058893 PMCID: PMC5042001 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) accompanying loss of E-cadherin is important for invasiveness and metastasis of bladder cancer. MicroRNAs (miRs) had been associated with cancer progression and differentiation in several cancers. Our goal is to find out the specific miR which modulates EMT in bladder cancer. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the miRs expression in urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) cell lines. MiR or siRNA mimics was used to regulate miR and mRNA level respectively. Migration and scratch assays were used to determine the migratory ability. Zymography assay was used to confirm the metalloproteinase activity. Western blotting was used to elucidate the mechanism which regulated by specific miR. MiR-429 was highly expressed in low grade UCC cell lines. Exogenous mimic of miR-429 treatment dramatically inhibited the migratory ability of T24 cells. MiR-429 downstream target ZEB1 was decreased, E-cadherin was restored, and β-catenin was contrarily decreased by exogenous mimic of miR-429 treatment in T24 cells. Cell invasive ability was also inhibited by exogenous mimic of miR-429 treatment through inactivating the MMP-2 activity in T24 cells. E-cadherin protein expression level was inhibited by E-cadherin siRNA accompanied with increasing cell migratory ability when compared with control group in low grade TSGH8301 cells. MiR-429 decreased the cell migratory and invasive abilities through reducing ZEB1 and β-catenin, restoring the E-cadherin expression and inactivation of MMP-2 of UCC cells. MiR-429 might be used as a progression marker of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lun Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jar-Yi Ho
- Department of Pathology, and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chieh Chou
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Armed Forces Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Shyong Yu
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Uro-Oncology Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Protective effect of miR-200b/c by inhibiting vasohibin-2 in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Life Sci 2017; 191:245-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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27
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Casadevall D, Kilian AY, Bellmunt J. The prognostic role of epigenetic dysregulation in bladder cancer: A systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 61:82-93. [PMID: 29121502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite adequate treatment and follow-up, around one fifth of patients with localized bladder cancer will present with disease progression. Adequate prognostic biomarkers are lacking to define patients who are at risk. Mutations in chromatin remodeling genes are more frequently found in bladder cancer than in any other solid tumor. However, the prognostic relevance of epigenetic dysregulation has not been established and may offer an opportunity for biomarker discovery. METHODS Looking for prognostic epigenetic factors, we performed a comprehensive PubMed search using keywords such as "bladder cancer", "chromatin remodeling", "gene methylation" and "epigenetics". We only included studies reporting on the association of epigenetic markers with prognostic outcomes such as recurrence, progression or survival. RESULTS Of 1113 results, 87 studies met the inclusion criteria, which represented a total of 85 epigenetic markers with potential prognostic relevance. No prospective studies were identified. Seventy-three percent (64/87) of the studies involved mixed cohorts of muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Promoter methylation of genes with putative prognostic value affected cellular processes such as cell cycle, apoptosis, cell-adhesion or migration, as well as critical pathways such as MAP-kinase or Wnt. Alteration of chromatin regulatory elements suggest a prognostic relevance alterations leading to a predominantly silenced chromatin state. CONCLUSIONS The prognostic impact of epigenetic alterations in bladder cancer is still unclear. Prospective evaluation of methylation marks and chromatin remodeling gene alterations using consistent methods and criteria is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Casadevall
- Cancer Research Program, PSMAR-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Joaquim Bellmunt
- Cancer Research Program, PSMAR-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, DANA 1230, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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28
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Zhi T, Yu T, Pan M, Nie E, Wu W, Wang X, Liu N, You Y, Wang Y, Zhang J. EZH2 alteration driven by microRNA-524-5p and microRNA-324-5p promotes cell proliferation and temozolomide resistance in glioma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:96239-96248. [PMID: 29221202 PMCID: PMC5707096 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data have been shown that EZH2 is a critical oncogene via the repression of tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. In our study, we performed a genome-wide miRNA screen with a bioinformatics analysis to identify EZH2 specific miRNAs. Of these miRNAs, miR-524-5p and miR-324-5p were decreased in glioma tissues, and confered poor prognosis for glioma patients. Upregulation of miR-524-5p and miR-324-5p reduced glioma cell proliferation and increased temozolomide (TMZ) chemosensitivity by targeting EZH2. Importantly, the effection of miR-524-5p and miR-324-5p on cell proliferation and TMZ chemosensitivity in glioma were reversed by expression of EZH2 cDNA. Further, miR-524-5p and miR-324-5p overexpression suppressed glioma growth and prolonged survival in an intracranial xenograft model. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that miR-524-5p was an independent prognostic factor in gliobalstoma patients. Taken together, these data indicate that miRNA-driven EZH2 repression may provide evidence of the molecular mechanism for gliomagenesis and the novel therapeutic targets for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongle Zhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianfu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minhong Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Er Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weining Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Angulo JC, López JI, Ropero S. DNA Methylation and Urological Cancer, a Step Towards Personalized Medicine: Current and Future Prospects. Mol Diagn Ther 2017; 20:531-549. [PMID: 27501813 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Urologic malignancies are some of the commonest tumors often curable when diagnosed at early stage. However, accurate diagnostic markers and faithful predictors of prognosis are needed to avoid over-diagnosis leading to overtreatment. Many promising exploratory studies have identified epigenetic markers in urinary malignancies based on DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) expression that epigenetically regulate gene expression. We review and discuss the current state of development and the future potential of epigenetic biomarkers for more accurate and less invasive detection of urological cancer, tumor recurrence and progression of disease serving to establish diagnosis and monitor treatment efficacies. The specific clinical implications of such methylation tests on therapeutic decisions and patient outcome and current limitations are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier C Angulo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Laureate Universities, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo Km 12.5, Getafe, 28905, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose I López
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Instituto BioCruces,Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Santiago Ropero
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad Docente de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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30
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Martínez VG, Rubio C, Martínez-Fernández M, Segovia C, López-Calderón F, Garín MI, Teijeira A, Munera-Maravilla E, Varas A, Sacedón R, Guerrero F, Villacampa F, de la Rosa F, Castellano D, López-Collazo E, Paramio JM, Vicente Á, Dueñas M. BMP4 Induces M2 Macrophage Polarization and Favors Tumor Progression in Bladder Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:7388-7399. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hsa-miR-429 promotes bladder cancer cell proliferation via inhibiting CDKN2B. Oncotarget 2017; 8:68721-68729. [PMID: 28978151 PMCID: PMC5620291 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hsa-miR-429 is increased in bladder cancer. Its roles in bladder cancer are poorly understood. METHODS The expression levels of hsa-miR-429 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (CDKN2B) were determined using Real-Time qPCR in a total of 50 patients with bladder cancer. Bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cells were transfected CDKN2B siRNA or hsa-miR-429 mimic. CDKN2B expression levels after transfection were detected by Real-Time qPCR and Western blot assay respectively. Binding sites between hsa-miR-429 and 3'-untranslated region of CDKN2B were confirmed by Dual luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation was evaluated using MTT and EdU assays. Cell apoptosis was determined using ELISA assay. RESULTS Higher hsa-miR-429 expression levels were associated with higher tumor grade and stage. All patients with low hsa-miR-429 expression survived 5 years, while with high hsa-miR-429 expression, only 58% survived. Hsa-miR-429 and CDKN2B were inversely expressed in bladder cancer. Hsa-miR-429 mimic decreased the expression of CDKN2B at both mRNA and protein levels. The binding site was confirmed between hsa-miR-429 and 3'-untranslated region of CDKN2B. Up-regulation of hsa-miR-429 or down-regulation of CDKN2B promoted cell growth and decreased apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a mechanism for hsa-miR-429 to play oncogenic roles via inhibiting CDKN2B.
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32
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MicroRNAs with prognostic significance in bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5619. [PMID: 28717125 PMCID: PMC5514092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to systematically review articles that investigated the prognostic significance of different microRNAs in bladder cancer (BC). We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase to identify relevant studies until March 2016. After screening, 26 studies that involved 2753 patients were included. Results suggested that many miRs expression aberration may predict prognosis in patients with BC. There are six miRs (miR-21, miR-143, miR-155, miR-200, miR-214, and miR-222) were reported by at least two studies, and we performed meta-analysis in the corresponding studies. Accordingly, we found that high miR-21 expression was associated with poor overall survival [OS; hazard ratio (HR) = 3.94, 95% CI 2.08–7.44]. High miR-143 expression was associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS; HR = 3.78, 95% CI 1.61–8.89). High miR-155 expression was associated with poor PFS (HR = 8.10, 95% CI 2.92–22.48). High miR-222 expression was associated with poor OS (HR = 3.39, 95% CI 1.10–10.41). Meanwhile, low miR-214 expression was correlated with poor RFS(HR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.22–0.53). Our comprehensive systematic review concluded that microRNAs, particularly miR-21, miR-143, miR-155, miR-214, and miR-222, could serve as meticulous follow-up markers for early detection of progression or recurrence and even useful therapeutic targets for the treatment in patients with BC.
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33
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Puente J, Laínez N, Dueñas M, Méndez-Vidal MJ, Esteban E, Castellano D, Martinez-Fernández M, Basterretxea L, Juan-Fita MJ, Antón L, León L, Lambea J, Pérez-Valderrama B, Vázquez S, Suarez C, del Muro XG, Gallardo E, Maroto JP, Samaniego ML, Suárez-Paniagua B, Sanz J, Paramio JM. Novel potential predictive markers of sunitinib outcomes in long-term responders versus primary refractory patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:30410-30421. [PMID: 28423742 PMCID: PMC5444752 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several potential predictive markers of efficacy of targeted agents in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have been identified. Interindividual heterogeneity warrants further investigation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Multicenter, observational, retrospective study in patients with clear-cell mRCC treated with sunitinib. Patients were classified in two groups: long-term responders (LR) (progression-free survival (PFS)≥22 months and at least stable disease), and primary refractory (PR) (progressive disease within 3-months of sunitinib onset). Objectives were to compare baseline clinical factors in both populations and to correlate tumor expression of selected signaling pathways components with sunitinib PFS. RESULTS 123 patients were analyzed (97 LR, 26 PR). In the LR cohort, overall response rate was 79% and median duration of best response was 30 months. Median PFS and overall survival were 43.2 (95% confidence intervals[CI]:37.2-49.3) and 63.5 months (95%CI:55.1-71.9), respectively. At baseline PR patients had a significantly lower proportion of nephrectomies, higher lactate dehydrogenase and platelets levels, lower hemoglobin, shorter time to and higher presence of metastases, and increased Fuhrman grade. Higher levels of HEYL, HEY and HES1 were observed in LR, although only HEYL discriminated populations significantly (AUC[ROC]=0.704; cut-off=34.85). Increased levels of hsa-miR-27b, hsa-miR-23b and hsa-miR-628-5p were also associated with prolonged survival. No statistical significant associations between hsa-miR-23b or hsa-miR-27b and the expression of c-Met were found. CONCLUSIONS Certain mRCC patients treated with sunitinib achieve extremely long-term responses. Favorable baseline hematology values and longer time to metastasis may predict longer PFS. HEYL, hsa-miR-27b, hsa-miR-23b and hsa-miR-628-5p could be potentially used as biomarkers of sunitinib response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Puente
- Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Laínez
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT and Instituto Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Spain
| | | | - Emilio Esteban
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano
- CIBERONC, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, and Instituto Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Martinez-Fernández
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT and Instituto Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Antón
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Luis León
- Promoción e Planificación da Investigación Sanitaria, Axencia de Coñecemento en Saúde, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Julio Lambea
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Sergio Vázquez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Cristina Suarez
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d' Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Garcia del Muro
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gallardo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - José Pablo Maroto
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Luz Samaniego
- Statistical Department, Trial Form Support TFS people, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Julián Sanz
- Pathology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT and Instituto Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Spain
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Lee JY, Kong G. Roles and epigenetic regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and its transcription factors in cancer initiation and progression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4643-4660. [PMID: 27460000 PMCID: PMC11108467 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2313-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial developmental process by which epithelial cells undergo a mesenchymal phenotypic change. During EMT, epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation and histone modifications are involved in the regulation of EMT-related genes. The epigenetic gene silencing of the epithelial marker E-cadherin has been well characterized. In particular, three major transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin, Snail, ZEB, and Twist families, also known as EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs), play a crucial role in this process by cooperating with multiple epigenetic modifiers. Furthermore, recent studies have identified the novel epigenetic modifiers that control the expression of EMT-TFs, and these modifiers have emerged as critical regulators of cancer development and as novel therapeutic targets for human cancer. In this review, the diverse functions of EMT-TFs in cancer progression, the cooperative mechanisms of EMT-TFs with epigenetic modifiers, and epigenetic regulatory roles for the expression of EMT-TFs will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Yeon Lee
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Kong
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Ren H, Du P, Ge Z, Jin Y, Ding D, Liu X, Zou Q. TWIST1 and BMI1 in Cancer Metastasis and Chemoresistance. J Cancer 2016; 7:1074-80. [PMID: 27326250 PMCID: PMC4911874 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Increasing evidences revealed that cancer cells with the characteristics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or cancer stem cells (CSC) have high ability of progression, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. TWIST1 and BMI1 are crucial transcription factors required for EMT and CSC. Both TWIST1 and BMI1 are up-regulated in various cancers and have a positive correlation with poor prognosis. Although recent results showed that the two molecules function in promoting cancer metastasis and chemoresistance respectively, the correlation of TWIST1 and BMI1 is not well understood. Methods In this review, we summarize recent advance in cancer research focus on TWIST1 and BMI1 in cancer metastasis and chemoresistance, and emphasize the possible link between EMT and CSC. Results Further investigation of TWIST1 and BMI1 cooperately promote CSC proliferation due to EMT-associated effect will help to understand the mechanism of tumor cells metastasis and chemoresistance. Conclusions TWIST1 and BMI1 in cancer cells will be effective targets for treating chemoresistant metastatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ren
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Peizhun Du
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zongyu Ge
- 2. Department of General Surgery, Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yiting Jin
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Di Ding
- 3. Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiuping Liu
- 4. Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zou
- 1. Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Sahasrabuddhe AA. BMI1: A Biomarker of Hematologic Malignancies. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:65-75. [PMID: 27168727 PMCID: PMC4859448 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s33376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BMI1 oncogene is a catalytic member of epigenetic repressor polycomb group proteins. It plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression pattern and consequently several cellular processes during development, including cell cycle progression, senescence, aging, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and importantly self-renewal of adult stem cells of several lineages. Preponderance of evidences indicates that deregulated expression of PcG protein BMI1 is associated with several human malignancies, cancer stem cell maintenance, and propagation. Importantly, overexpression of BMI1 correlates with therapy failure in cancer patients and tumor relapse. This review discusses the diverse mode of BMI1 regulation at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels as well as at various critical signaling pathways regulated by BMI1 activity. Furthermore, this review highlights the role of BMI1 as a biomarker and therapeutic target for several subtypes of hematologic malignancies and the importance to target this biomarker for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anagh A Sahasrabuddhe
- Department of Biotechnology, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Chhattisgarh, India
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37
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EZH2 in Bladder Cancer, a Promising Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27107-32. [PMID: 26580594 PMCID: PMC4661858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder Cancer (BC) represents a current clinical and social challenge. The recent studies aimed to describe the genomic landscape of BC have underscored the relevance of epigenetic alterations in the pathogenesis of these tumors. Among the epigenetic alterations, histone modifications occupied a central role not only in cancer, but also in normal organism homeostasis and development. EZH2 (Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2) belongs to the Polycomb repressive complex 2 as its catalytic subunit, which through the trimethylation of H3 (Histone 3) on K27 (Lysine 27), produces gene silencing. EZH2 is frequently overexpressed in multiple tumor types, including BC, and plays multiple roles besides the well-recognized histone mark generation. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge on the oncogenic roles of EZH2 and its potential use as a therapeutic target, with special emphasis on BC pathogenesis and management.
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