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Podyacheva E, Toropova Y. The Role of NAD+, SIRTs Interactions in Stimulating and Counteracting Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097925. [PMID: 37175631 PMCID: PMC10178434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has identified oncological diseases as one of the most serious health concerns of the current century. Current research on oncogenesis is focused on the molecular mechanisms of energy-biochemical reprogramming in cancer cell metabolism, including processes contributing to the Warburg effect and the pro-oncogenic and anti-oncogenic roles of sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). However, a clear understanding of the interaction between NAD+, SIRTs in cancer development, as well as their effects on carcinogenesis, has not been established, and literature data vary greatly. This work aims to provide a summary and structure of the available information on NAD+, SIRTs interactions in both stimulating and countering carcinogenesis, and to discuss potential approaches for pharmacological modulation of these interactions to achieve an anticancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Podyacheva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197341 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yana Toropova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197341 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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2
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Brane A, Arora I, Tollefsbol TO. Peripubertal Nutritional Prevention of Cancer-Associated Gene Expression and Phenotypes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:674. [PMID: 36765634 PMCID: PMC9913820 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a nearly ubiquitous malignancy that effects the lives of millions worldwide. Recently, nutritional prevention of BC has received increased attention due to its efficacy and ease of application. Chief among chemopreventive compounds are plant-based substances known as dietary phytochemicals. Sulforaphane (SFN), an epigenetically active phytochemical found in cruciferous vegetables, has shown promise in BC prevention. In addition, observational studies suggest that the life stage of phytochemical consumption may influence its anticancer properties. These life stages, called critical periods (CPs), are associated with rapid development and increased susceptibility to cellular damage. Puberty, a CP in which female breast tissue undergoes proliferation and differentiation, is of particular interest for later-life BC development. However, little is known about the importance of nutritional chemoprevention to CPs. We sought to address this by utilizing two estrogen receptor-negative [ER(-)] transgenic mouse models fed SFN-containing broccoli sprout extract during the critical period of puberty. We found that this treatment resulted in a significant decrease in tumor incidence and weight, as well as an increase in tumor latency. Further, we found significant alterations in the long-term expression of cancer-associated genes, including p21, p53, and BRCA2. Additionally, our transcriptomic analyses identified expressional changes in many cancer-associated genes, and bisulfite sequencing revealed that the antiproliferation-associated gene Erich4 was both hypomethylated and overexpressed in our experimental group. Our study indicates that dietary interventions during the CP of puberty may be important for later-life ER(-) BC prevention and highlights potential important genetic and epigenetic targets for treatment and study of the more deadly variants of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Brane
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Itika Arora
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Trygve O. Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- University Wide Microbiome Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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3
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Zhang J, Gao Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Jia W, Xia C, Wang F, Liu T. Multi-therapies Based on PARP Inhibition: Potential Therapeutic Approaches for Cancer Treatment. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16099-16127. [PMID: 36512711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear enzymes called poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases (PARPs) are known to catalyze the process of PARylation, which plays a vital role in various cellular functions. They have become important targets for the discovery of novel antitumor drugs since their inhibition can induce significant lethality in tumor cells. Therefore, researchers all over the world have been focusing on developing novel and potent PARP inhibitors for cancer therapy. Studies have shown that PARP inhibitors and other antitumor agents, such as EZH2 and EGFR inhibitors, play a synergistic role in cancer cells. The combined inhibition of PARP and the targets with synergistic effects may provide a rational strategy to improve the effectiveness of current anticancer regimens. In this Perspective, we sum up the recent advance of PARP-targeted agents, including single-target inhibitors/degraders and dual-target inhibitors/degraders, discuss the fundamental theory of developing these dual-target agents, and give insight into the corresponding structure-activity relationships of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- College of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China.,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Zipeng Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber Development and Application, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Wenshuang Jia
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Chengcai Xia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Fugang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
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Huang Z, Peng Y, Wei Y, Tan Y. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay promote C2C12 cell proliferation by targeting PIK3R5. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2022; 44:11-23. [PMID: 36512272 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-022-09639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nonsense mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a highly conserved RNA quality control system, which can specifically clear abnormal mRNA and play an important role in tumorigenesis. Myoblast proliferation plays an important role in the repair of skeletal muscle injury and the development of myosarcoma, and is controlled by a variety of transcription factors and signals. The molecular mechanism by which NMD regulates the proliferation of myoblast cells is not completely clear. In this study, we found that the NMD activity of skeletal muscle is high in 1-week-old mice but decreases gradually with age, corresponding to a weakening capacity for muscle growth and regeneration. Here, we provide evidence that NMD plays an important role in myoblast proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, we found that PIK3R5 is an NMD substrate gene which can inhibit AKT activity and C2C12 cell proliferation. Therefore, NMD can target PIK3R5 to enhance AKT activity, which in turn promotes C2C12 cell proliferation. This study provides new insights into NMD regulatory mechanisms in muscular development and into potential novel therapeutic strategies for muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Huang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yishu Peng
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhui Wei
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yanjie Tan
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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5
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Chen F, Zhang Z, Shen R, Chen M, Li G, Zhu X. Generation and characterization of patient-derived xenografts from patients with osteosarcoma. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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6
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Lin C, Xu JQ, Zhong GC, Chen H, Xue HM, Yang M, Chen C. Integrating RNA-seq and scRNA-seq to explore the biological significance of NAD + metabolism-related genes in the initial diagnosis and relapse of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1043111. [PMID: 36439178 PMCID: PMC9691973 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1043111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) depletion is reported to be a potential treatment for B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL), but the mechanism of NAD metabolism-related genes (NMRGs) in B-ALL relapse remains unclear. METHODS Transcriptome data (GSE3912), and single-cell sequencing data (GSE130116) of B-ALL patients were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. NMRGs were sourced from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Reactome databases. Further, the differentially expressed NMRGs (DE-NMRGs) were selected from the analysis between initial diagnosis and relapse B-ALL samples, which further performed functional enrichment analyses. The biomarkers were obtained through random forest (RF) algorithm and repeated cross validation. Additionally, cell type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm was used to evaluate the immune cell differences between the initial diagnosis and relapse samples, and the correlations between biomarkers and gene markers of differential immune cells were analyzed. Furthermore, single cell RNA sequencing was conducted in the GSE130116 dataset to find key cell clusters. In addition, according to biomarkers expressions, cell clusters were categorized into high and low biomarker expression groups, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis was performed on them. Finally, the cell clusters with the highest expression of biomarkers were selected to explore the roles of biomarkers in different cell clusters and identify transcription factors (TFs) influencing biological markers. RESULTS 23 DE-NMRGs were screened out, which were mainly enriched in nucleoside phosphate metabolic process, nucleotide metabolic process, and Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. Moreover, 3 biomarkers (NADSYN1, SIRT3, and PARP6) were identified from the machine learning. CIBERSORT results demonstrated that four types of immune cells (B Cells naive, Monocyte, Neutrophils, and T cells CD4 memory Activated) were significantly different between the initial diagnosis and the relapse B-ALL samples, and there were strong correlations between biomarkers and differential immune cells such as positive correlation between NADSYN1 and B Cells naive. The single cell analyses showed that the biomarkers were highly expressed in common myeloid progenitors (CMP), granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP), and megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor (MEP) cell clusters. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results indicated that 55 GO terms and 3 KEGG pathways were enriched by the genes in high and low biomarker expression groups. It was found that TF CREB3L2(+) was significantly reduced in the high expression group, which may be the TF affecting biomarkers in the high expression group. CONCLUSION This study identified NADSYN1, SIRT3, and PARP6 as the biomarkers of B-ALL, explored biological significance of NMRGs in the initial diagnosis and relapse of B-ALL, and revealed mechanism of biomarkers at the level of the single cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia-Qi Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui-Chao Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong-Man Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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7
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Li P, Lei Y, Qi J, Liu W, Yao K. Functional roles of ADP-ribosylation writers, readers and erasers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:941356. [PMID: 36035988 PMCID: PMC9404506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.941356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a reversible post-translational modification (PTM) tightly regulated by the dynamic interplay between its writers, readers and erasers. As an intricate and versatile PTM, ADP-ribosylation plays critical roles in various physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we discuss the major players involved in the ADP-ribosylation cycle, which may facilitate the investigation of the ADP-ribosylation function and contribute to the understanding and treatment of ADP-ribosylation associated disease.
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8
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Suppression of Long Noncoding RNA SNHG1 Inhibits the Development of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Increasing PARP6 Expression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1562219. [PMID: 35836822 PMCID: PMC9276473 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1562219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore the function and molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 (SNHG1) in the development of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). Methods Human HSCC cell line FaDu was used in this study. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were measured by Transwell assay. The expression of PARP6, XRCC6, β-catenin, and EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin and N-cadherin) were determined using western blotting. Moreover, the regulatory relationship between SNHG1 and PARP6 was investigated. Furthermore, the effects of the SNHG1/PARP6 axis on tumorigenicity were explored in vivo. Results Suppression of SNHG1 suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion but promoted apoptosis of FaDu cells in vitro (P < 0.01). PARP6 is a target of SNHG1, which was upregulated by SNHG1 knockdown in FaDu cells (P < 0.01). SNHG1 suppression and RARP6 overexpression inhibited FaDu cell proliferation, migration, and invasion (P < 0.05). SNHG1 suppression and RARP6 overexpression also inhibited tumorigenicity of HSCC in vivo. Furthermore, the protein expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased and that of N-cadherin, β-catenin, and XRCC6 was dramatically decreased in HSCC after SNHG1 suppression or/and RARP6 overexpression both in vitro and in vivo (P < 0.01). Conclusions SNHG1 silencing inhibits HSCC malignant progression via upregulating PARP6. XRCC6/β-catenin/EMT axis may be a possible downstream mechanism of the SNHG1/PARP6 axis in HSCC. SNHG1/PARP6 can be used as a promising target for the treatment of HSCC.
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9
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Gan Y, Sha H, Zou R, Xu M, Zhang Y, Feng J, Wu J. Research Progress on Mono-ADP-Ribosyltransferases in Human Cell Biology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:864101. [PMID: 35652091 PMCID: PMC9149570 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.864101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a well-established post-translational modification that is inherently connected to diverse processes, including DNA repair, transcription, and cell signaling. The crucial roles of mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases (mono-ARTs) in biological processes have been identified in recent years by the comprehensive use of genetic engineering, chemical genetics, and proteomics. This review provides an update on current methodological advances in the study of these modifiers. Furthermore, the review provides details on the function of mono ADP-ribosylation. Several mono-ARTs have been implicated in the development of cancer, and this review discusses the role and therapeutic potential of some mono-ARTs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Gan
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Sha
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Renrui Zou
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jifeng Feng,
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
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Luo L, Keyomarsi K. PARP inhibitors as single agents and in combination therapy: the most promising treatment strategies in clinical trials for BRCA-mutant ovarian and triple-negative breast cancers. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:607-631. [PMID: 35435784 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2067527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) are an exciting class of agents that have shown efficacy, particularly for BRCA-mutant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). However, most patients who receive PARPi as their standard of care therapy inevitably develop resistance and this underscores the need to identify additional targets that can circumvent such resistance. Combination treatment strategies have been developed in preclinical and clinical studies to address the challenges of efficacy and resistance. AREAS COVERED This review examines completed or ongoing clinical trials of PARPi mono- and combination therapies. PARPi monotherapy in HER2 negative breast (HR+ and TNBC subtypes) and ovarian cancer is a focal point. The authors propose potential strategies that might overcome resistance to PARPi and discuss key questions and future directions. EXPERT OPINION While the advent of PARPis has significantly improved the treatment of tumors with defects in DNA damage and repair pathways, careful patient selection will be essential to enhance these treatments. The identification of molecular biomarkers to predict disease response and progression is an endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Luo
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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11
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Richard IA, Burgess JT, O'Byrne KJ, Bolderson E. Beyond PARP1: The Potential of Other Members of the Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Family in DNA Repair and Cancer Therapeutics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:801200. [PMID: 35096828 PMCID: PMC8795897 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.801200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteins within the Poly-ADP Ribose Polymerase (PARP) family encompass a diverse and integral set of cellular functions. PARP1 and PARP2 have been extensively studied for their roles in DNA repair and as targets for cancer therapeutics. Several PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have been approved for clinical use, however, while their efficacy is promising, tumours readily develop PARPi resistance. Many other members of the PARP protein family share catalytic domain homology with PARP1/2, however, these proteins are comparatively understudied, particularly in the context of DNA damage repair and tumourigenesis. This review explores the functions of PARP4,6-16 and discusses the current knowledge of the potential roles these proteins may play in DNA damage repair and as targets for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain A Richard
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joshua T Burgess
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kenneth J O'Byrne
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Sha H, Gan Y, Zou R, Wu J, Feng J. Research Advances in the Role of the Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase Family in Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:790967. [PMID: 34976832 PMCID: PMC8716401 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.790967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly ADP ribose polymerases (PARPs) catalyze the modification of acceptor proteins, DNA, or RNA with ADP-ribose, which plays an important role in maintaining genomic stability and regulating signaling pathways. The rapid development of PARP1/2 inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian and breast cancers has advanced research on other PARP family members for the treatment of cancer. This paper reviews the role of PARP family members (except PARP1/2 and tankyrases) in cancer and the underlying regulatory mechanisms, which will establish a molecular basis for the clinical application of PARPs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Sha
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie Gan
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renrui Zou
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Research Center of Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Li Y, Wang X, Qi S, Gao L, Huang G, Ren Z, Li K, Peng Y, Yi G, Guo J, Yang R, Wang H, Zhang X, Liu Y. Spliceosome-regulated RSRP1-dependent NF-κB activation promotes the glioblastoma mesenchymal phenotype. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:1693-1708. [PMID: 34042961 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glioblastoma (GBM) mesenchymal (MES) phenotype, induced by NF-κB activation, is characterized by aggressive tumour progression and poor clinical outcomes. Our previous analysis indicated that MES GBM has a unique alternative splicing (AS) pattern; however, the underlying mechanism remains obscure. We aimed to reveal how splicing regulation contributes to MES phenotype promotion in GBM. METHODS We screened novel candidate splicing factors that participate in NF-κB activation and MES phenotype promotion in GBM. In vitro and in vivo assays were used to explore the function of RSRP1 in MES GBM. RESULTS Here, we identified that arginine/serine-rich protein 1 (RSRP1) promotes the MES phenotype by facilitating GBM cell invasion and apoptosis resistance. Proteomic, transcriptomic and functional analyses confirmed that RSRP1 regulates AS in MES GBM through mediating spliceosome assembly. One RSRP1-regulated AS event resulted in skipping PARP6 exon 18 to form truncated, oncogenic PARP6-s. This isoform was unable to effectively suppress NF-κB. Co-treatment of cultured GBM cells and GBM tumour-bearing mice with spliceosome and NF-κB inhibitors exerted a synergistic effect on MES GBM growth. CONCLUSION We identified a novel mechanism through which RSRP1-dependent splicing promotes the GBM MES phenotype. Targeting AS via RSRP1-related spliceosomal factors might constitute a promising treatment for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaomin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiran Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songtao Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanglong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhonglu Ren
- College of Medical Information Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaishu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuping Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhong Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinglin Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Runwei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yawei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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14
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Bioinformatic Analysis of the Nicotinamide Binding Site in Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Family Proteins. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061201. [PMID: 33801950 PMCID: PMC8002165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The PARP family consists of 17 proteins, and some of them are responsible for cancer cells’ viability. Much attention is therefore given to the search for chemical compounds with the ability to suppress distinct PARP family members (for example, PARP-5a and 5b). Here, we present the results of a family-wide bioinformatic analysis of an important functional region in the PARP structure and describe factors that can guide the design of highly selective compounds. Abstract The PARP family consists of 17 members with diverse functions, including those related to cancer cells’ viability. Several PARP inhibitors are of great interest as innovative anticancer drugs, but they have low selectivity towards distinct PARP family members and exert serious adverse effects. We describe a family-wide study of the nicotinamide (NA) binding site, an important functional region in the PARP structure, using comparative bioinformatic analysis and molecular modeling. Mutations in the NA site and D-loop mobility around the NA site were identified as factors that can guide the design of selective PARP inhibitors. Our findings are of particular importance for the development of novel tankyrase (PARPs 5a and 5b) inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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15
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Lal S, Snape TJ. A therapeutic update on PARP inhibitors: implications in the treatment of glioma. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:532-541. [PMID: 33157194 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) cancers are among the most aggressive and devastating. Further, due to unavailability of neuro-oncologists and neurosurgeons, the specialized treatment options of CNS cancers are still not completely available in most parts of the world. Among various strategies of inducing death in cancer cells, inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has emerged as a beneficial therapy when combined with other anticancer agents. In this review, we provide a detailed therapeutic update of PARP inhibitors that have shown clinical activity against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samridhi Lal
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, 122413, Haryana, India.
| | - Timothy J Snape
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
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16
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Chen X, Ji S, Si J, Zhang X, Wang X, Guo Y, Zou X. Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion of oral carcinoma HSC-3 cells via a novel mechanism involving caspase-3 mediated apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5243-5250. [PMID: 33174023 PMCID: PMC7646992 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide and its active product, LL-37 (CAMP/LL-37), exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial effects. An increasing number of studies have shown that human CAMP/LL-37 also serves significant roles in various types of cancer. The primary aims of the present study were to investigate the roles and mechanisms of human CAMP/LL-37 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. The results indicated that either LL-37 C-terminal deletion mutants (CDEL) or CAMP stable expression in HSC-3 cells reduced colony formation, proliferation, migration and invasion ability of the cells. Expression analysis demonstrated that either CDEL or CAMP stable expression in HSC-3 cells induced caspase-3 mediated apoptosis via the P53-Bcl-2/BAX signalling pathway, whereas the levels of cell cycle-related proteins, cyclin B1 and PKR-like ER kinase, were significantly upregulated in the CAMP, but not in the CDEL overexpressing cells. Transcriptional profile comparisons revealed that CDEL or CAMP stable expression in HSC-3 cells upregulated expression of genes involved in the IL-17-dependent pathway compared with the control. Taken together, these results suggest that CAMP may act as a tumour suppressor in OSCC cells, and the underlying mechanism involves the induction of caspase-3 mediated apoptosis via the P53-Bcl-2/BAX signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Shenying Ji
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Jia Si
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Yong Guo
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Xianqiong Zou
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
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17
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Tang B, Zhang Y, Wang W, Qi G, Shimamoto F. PARP6 suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by degrading XRCC6 to regulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2100-2113. [PMID: 32775003 PMCID: PMC7407359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PARP6 belongs to the mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase family and has been shown to be involved in the genesis and development of some tumours. However, the role of PARP6 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development remains to be fully elucidated. In the current study, we demonstrated that PARP6 was expressed at a low level in HCC cells and was negatively related to the degree of tumour differentiation. Additionally, silencing PARP6 led to an increase in the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of HCC cells in both in vitro and in vivo assays. Conversely, an elevation in the PARP6 expression level had the opposite effect. Through gene chip analysis combined with experimental verification, we confirmed that PARP6 can inhibit the expression of XRCC6 by inducing degradation and thus affect the Wnt/β-Catenin signalling pathway, which contributes to the suppression of HCC. Further mechanistic investigation demonstrated that the ubiquitin ligase HDM2 can interact with PARP6 and XRCC6, and mediated the regulatory effect of PARP6 on XRCC6 degradation. Taking together, PARP6 appears to inhibit HCC progression through the XRCC6/Wnt/β-catenin signal axis and could be used as a biomarker for the clinical monitoring of HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Department of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University Hiroshima 731-3195, Japan
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University Hiroshima 731-3195, Japan
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University Hiroshima 731-3195, Japan
| | - Guangying Qi
- Department of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University Hiroshima 731-3195, Japan
| | - Fumio Shimamoto
- Department of Health Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University Hiroshima 731-3195, Japan
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18
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Howard RT, Hemsley P, Petteruti P, Saunders CN, Molina Bermejo JA, Scott JS, Johannes JW, Tate EW. Structure-Guided Design and In-Cell Target Profiling of a Cell-Active Target Engagement Probe for PARP Inhibitors. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:325-333. [PMID: 32017532 PMCID: PMC7146755 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Inhibition of the
poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family of
enzymes has become an attractive therapeutic strategy in oncology
and beyond; however, chemical tools to profile PARP engagement in
live cells are lacking. Herein, we report the design and application
of PARPYnD, the first photoaffinity probe (AfBP) for
PARP enzymes based on triple PARP1/2/6 inhibitor AZ9482, which induces multipolar spindle (MPS) formation in breast cancer
cells. PARPYnD is a robust tool for profiling PARP1/2
and is used to profile clinical PARP inhibitor olaparib, identifying
several novel off-target proteins. Surprisingly, while PARPYnD can enrich recombinant PARP6 spiked into cellular lysates and inhibits
PARP6 in cell-free assays, it does not label PARP6 in intact cells.
These data highlight an intriguing biomolecular disparity between
recombinant and endogenous PARP6. PARPYnD provides a
new approach to expand our knowledge of the targets of this class
of compounds and the mechanisms of action of PARP inhibitors in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T. Howard
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Hemsley
- Oncology, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Petteruti
- Oncology, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Charlie N. Saunders
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Javier A. Molina Bermejo
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - James S. Scott
- Oncology, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey W. Johannes
- Oncology, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Edward W. Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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19
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The Role of PARPs in Inflammation-and Metabolic-Related Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Beyond. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091047. [PMID: 31500199 PMCID: PMC6770262 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is an essential post-translational modification catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a well-characterized member of the PARP family. PARP1 plays a crucial role in multiple biological processes and PARP1 activation contributes to the development of various inflammatory and malignant disorders, including lung inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular disease, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and diabetes. In this review, we will focus on the role and molecular mechanisms of PARPs enzymes in inflammation- and metabolic-related diseases. Specifically, we discuss the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that PARP1 is associated with in the regulation of pathogenesis. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that PARP inhibition is a promising strategy for intervention of some diseases. Thus, our in-depth understanding of the mechanism of how PARPs are activated and how their signaling downstream effecters can provide more potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of the related diseases in the future is crucial.
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20
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Interplay between Endoplasmic Reticular Stress and Survivin in Colonic Epithelial Cells. Cells 2018; 7:cells7100171. [PMID: 30326660 PMCID: PMC6210275 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained endoplasmic reticular stress (ERS) is implicated in aggressive metastasis of cancer cells and increased tumor cell proliferation. Cancer cells activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), which aids in cellular survival and adaptation to harsh conditions. Inhibition of apoptosis, in contrast, is a mechanism adopted by cancer cells with the help of the inhibitor of an apoptosis (IAP) class of proteins such as Survivin to evade cell death and gain a proliferative advantage. In this study, we aimed to reveal the interrelation between ERS and Survivin. We initially verified the expression of Survivin in Winnie (a mouse model of chronic ERS) colon tissues by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) in comparison with wild type Blk6 mice. Additionally, we isolated the goblet cells and determined the expression of Survivin by IF and protein validation. Tunicamycin was utilized at a concentration of 10 µg/mL to induce ERS in the LS174T cell line and the gene expression of the ERS markers was measured. This was followed by determination of inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of ERS was carried out by 4Phenyl Butyric acid (4PBA) at a concentration of 10 mM to assess whether there was a reciprocation effect. The downstream cell death assays including caspase 3/7, Annexin V, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage were evaluated in the presence of ERS and absence of ERS, which was followed by a proliferative assay (EdU click) with and without ERS. Correspondingly, we inhibited Survivin by YM155 at a concentration of 100 nM and observed the succeeding ERS markers and inflammatory markers. We also verified the caspase 3/7 assay. Our results demonstrate that ERS inhibition not only significantly reduced the UPR genes (Grp78, ATF6, PERK and XBP1) along with Survivin but also downregulated the inflammatory markers such as IL8, IL4, and IL6, which suggests a positive correlation between ERS and the inhibition of apoptosis. Furthermore, we provided evidence that ERS inhibition promoted apoptosis in LS174T cells and shortened the proliferation rate. Moreover, Survivin inhibition by YM155 led to a comparable effect as that of ERS inhibition, which includes attenuation of ERS genes and inflammatory markers as well as the promotion of programmed cell death via the caspase 3/7 pathway. Together, our results propose the interrelation between ERS and inhibition of apoptosis assigning a molecular and therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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21
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Zhang W, Flemington EK, Deng HW, Zhang K. Epigenetically Silenced Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes in Prostate Cancer: Identified by Modeling Methylation Stratification and Applied to Progression Prediction. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 28:198-207. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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22
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Sun X, Zhang Y, Chu M, Wang L, Shen H, Zhang Z, Hu J, Yi W, Yang W, Ma X. PARP6 acts as an oncogene and positively regulates Survivin in gastric cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:2364-2371. [PMID: 31938348 PMCID: PMC6958236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases 6 (PARP6) is a novel member of the PARP family. Previous studies focused mostly on the role of PARP6 in colorectal cancer; however, the role of PARP6 in gastric cancer is currently unclear. In the present study, we found a high-level expression of PARP6 in gastric cancer cells and PARP6 promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Moreover, we found a positive correlation exists between PARP6 and Survivin, which contributes to tumor ongoing survival. In sum, our data suggest that PARP6 may contribute to gastric cancer progression by activating the Survivin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Mingliang Chu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Hede Shen
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Zhuxue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Jianjun Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Wenxiu Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang, China
| | - Xiaobo Ma
- Department of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashington, DC, USA
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23
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Li H, Huang K, Gao L, Wang L, Niu Y, Liu H, Wang Z, Wang L, Wang G, Wang J. TES inhibits colorectal cancer progression through activation of p38. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45819-45836. [PMID: 27323777 PMCID: PMC5216763 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human TESTIN (TES) gene has been identified as a candidate tumor suppressor based on its location at a common fragile site – a region where loss of heterozygosity has been detected in numerous types of tumors. To investigate its role in colorectal cancer (CRC), we examined TES protein levels in CRC tissue samples and cell lines. We observed that TES was markedly reduced in both CRC tissue and cell lines. Additionally, overexpression of TES significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while increasing cell apoptosis in colon cancer cells. By contrast, shRNA-mediated TES knockdown elicited the opposite effects. TES inhibited the progression of CRC by up-regulating pro-apoptotic proteins, down-regulating anti-apoptotic proteins, and simultaneously activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Collectively, these data indicate that TES functions as a necessary suppressor of CRC progression by activating p38-MAPK signaling pathways. This suggests that TES may have a potential application in CRC diagnosis and targeted gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Institution of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfeng Niu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiliang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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24
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Integrated Genomic Characterization of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:185-203.e13. [PMID: 28810144 PMCID: PMC5964983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1196] [Impact Index Per Article: 170.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We performed integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic profiling of 150 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) specimens, including samples with characteristic low neoplastic cellularity. Deep whole-exome sequencing revealed recurrent somatic mutations in KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4, RNF43, ARID1A, TGFβR2, GNAS, RREB1, and PBRM1. KRAS wild-type tumors harbored alterations in other oncogenic drivers, including GNAS, BRAF, CTNNB1, and additional RAS pathway genes. A subset of tumors harbored multiple KRAS mutations, with some showing evidence of biallelic mutations. Protein profiling identified a favorable prognosis subset with low epithelial-mesenchymal transition and high MTOR pathway scores. Associations of non-coding RNAs with tumor-specific mRNA subtypes were also identified. Our integrated multi-platform analysis reveals a complex molecular landscape of PDAC and provides a roadmap for precision medicine.
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25
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Wang H, Jin S, Lu H, Mi S, Shao W, Zuo X, Yin H, Zeng S, Shimamoto F, Qi G. Expression of survivin, MUC2 and MUC5 in colorectal cancer and their association with clinicopathological characteristics. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1011-1016. [PMID: 28693267 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is a bifunctional protein that suppresses apoptosis and regulates cell division, and is highly expressed in various cancer types. Mucins are high-molecular-weight, heavily glycosylated proteins. In the present study, the association between survivin, mucin 2 (MUC2) and MUC5 expression, and the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer (CRC) were investigated. The immunohistochemistry and western blotting results demonstrated that survivin was highly expressed in CRC tissues and rarely expressed in normal colon tissues. Moreover, the overexpression of survivin and MUC5 was strongly associated with lymph node metastasis, poor cellular differentiation, advanced tumor stage and a poor prognosis in CRC. By contrast, low expression of MUC2 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, poor cellular differentiation and an advanced tumor stage in CRC. The results of the present study suggest that survivin, MUC2 and MUC5 levels may be associated with tumor progression and could be used to aid the early diagnosis and clinical characterization of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, P.R. China
| | - Shengjian Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Lu
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Sisi Mi
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Shao
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxv Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, P.R. China
| | - Huangyi Yin
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Sien Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Fumio Shimamoto
- Department of Health Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Humanities and Human Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University, Hiroshima 731-3195, Japan
| | - Guangying Qi
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China.,Department of Health Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan
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26
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Wang H, Li S, Luo X, Song Z, Long X, Zhu X. Knockdown of PARP6 or survivin promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits cell invasion of colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2245-2251. [PMID: 28260087 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinoma is the third most common cancer worldwide. PARP6, a novel member of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and survivin, a member of the family of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are associated with a poor prognosis in various types of cancers. However, limited evidence exists regarding the interaction between PARP6 and survivin in colorectal adenocarcinoma. In the present study, we used the paired samples of 20 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma to detect the expression of PARP6 and survivin in both tumor and adjacent normal colorectal mucosa. Their interaction and roles in cell viability, cell cycle, cell apoptosis and cell invasion were further investigated. Our results showed that both PARP6 and survivin exhibited higher expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues and SW620 cells when compared with levels in adjacent non-tumor tissues and a normal colon cell line FHC. Co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that a significant correlation existed between PARP6 and survivin. We also showed that sole treatment of PARP6 siRNA or survivin siRNA partially inhibited the cell survival and invasion, induced cell G0/G1 arrest, and cell apoptosis at the early and late stages. The combined treatment of PARP6 siRNA and survivin siRNA suppressed the cell survival and cell invasion, further induced cell cycle phase G0/G1 arrest, and cell apoptosis at the early and late stages. Taken together, knockdown of PARP6 or survivin promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits the cell invasion of colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. A significant correlation exists between PARP6 and survivin, and both are promising targets for the development of new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of advanced or metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Lingui, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
| | - Shengguo Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Lingui, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
| | - Xishun Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Lingui, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
| | - Zhike Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Lingui, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
| | - Xiangkai Long
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Lingui, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
| | - Xijia Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Lingui, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
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