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Merjaneh N, Hajjar M, Lan YW, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV. The Promise of Combination Therapies with FOXM1 Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:756. [PMID: 38398147 PMCID: PMC10886945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a transcription factor in the forkhead (FOX) family, which is required for cellular proliferation in normal and neoplastic cells. FOXM1 is highly expressed in many different cancers, and its expression is associated with a higher tumor stage and worse patient-related outcomes. Abnormally high expression of FOXM1 in cancers compared to normal tissue makes FOXM1 an attractive target for pharmacological inhibition. FOXM1-inhibiting agents and specific FOXM1-targeted small-molecule inhibitors have been developed in the lab and some of them have shown promising efficacy and safety profiles in mouse models. While the future goal is to translate FOXM1 inhibitors to clinical trials, potential synergistic drug combinations can maximize anti-tumor efficacy while minimizing off-target side effects. Hence, we discuss the rationale and efficacy of all previously studied drug combinations with FOXM1 inhibitors for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Merjaneh
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Mona Hajjar
- The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Tanya V. Kalin
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
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2
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Voigt E, Quelle DE. FOXM1, MEK, and CDK4/6: New Targets for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13596. [PMID: 37686402 PMCID: PMC10487994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are deadly sarcomas, which desperately need effective therapies. Half of all MPNSTs arise in patients with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), a common inherited disease. NF1 patients can develop benign lesions called plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs), often in adolescence, and over time, some PNFs, but not all, will transform into MPNSTs. A deeper understanding of the molecular and genetic alterations driving PNF-MPNST transformation will guide development of more targeted and effective treatments for these patients. This review focuses on an oncogenic transcription factor, FOXM1, which is a powerful oncogene in other cancers but little studied in MPNSTs. Elevated expression of FOXM1 was seen in patient MPNSTs and correlated with poor survival, but otherwise, its role in the disease is unknown. We discuss what is known about FOXM1 in MPNSTs relative to other cancers and how FOXM1 may be regulated by and/or regulate the most commonly altered players in MPNSTs, particularly in the MEK and CDK4/6 kinase pathways. We conclude by considering FOXM1, MEK, and CDK4/6 as new, clinically relevant targets for MPNST therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Voigt
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Dawn E. Quelle
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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A Review of the Regulatory Mechanisms of N-Myc on Cell Cycle. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031141. [PMID: 36770809 PMCID: PMC9920120 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma has obvious heterogeneity. It is one of the few undifferentiated malignant tumors that can spontaneously degenerate into completely benign tumors. However, for its high-risk type, even with various intensive treatment options, the prognosis is still unsatisfactory. At the same time, a large number of research data show that the abnormal amplification and high-level expression of the MYCN gene are positively correlated with the malignant progression, poor prognosis, and mortality of neuroblastoma. In this context, this article explores the role of the N-Myc, MYCN gene expression product on its target genes related to the cell cycle and reveals its regulatory network in promoting tumor proliferation and malignant progression. We hope it can provide ideas and direction for the research and development of drugs targeting N-Myc and its downstream target genes.
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Genetic Alterations and Deregulation of Hippo Pathway as a Pathogenetic Mechanism in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246211. [PMID: 36551696 PMCID: PMC9776600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved modulator of developmental biology with a key role in tissue and organ size regulation under homeostatic conditions. Like other signaling pathways with a significant role in embryonic development, the deregulation of Hippo signaling contributes to oncogenesis. Central to the Hippo pathway is a conserved cascade of adaptor proteins and inhibitory kinases that converge and regulate the activity of the oncoproteins YAP and TAZ, the final transducers of the pathway. Elevated levels and aberrant activation of YAP and TAZ have been described in many cancers. Though most of the studies describe their pervasive activation in epithelial neoplasms, there is increasing evidence pointing out its relevance in mesenchymal malignancies as well. Interestingly, somatic or germline mutations in genes of the Hippo pathway are scarce compared to other signaling pathways that are frequently disrupted in cancer. However, in the case of sarcomas, several examples of genetic alteration of Hippo members, including gene fusions, have been described during the last few years. Here, we review the current knowledge of Hippo pathway implication in sarcoma, describing mechanistic hints recently reported in specific histological entities and how these alterations represent an opportunity for targeted therapy in this heterogeneous group of neoplasm.
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Kanojia D, Kirtonia A, Srujana NSV, Jeevanandan SP, Shyamsunder P, Sampath SS, Dakle P, Mayakonda A, Kaur H, Yanyi J, Koeffler HP, Garg M. Transcriptome analysis identifies TODL as a novel lncRNA associated with proliferation, differentiation, and tumorigenesis in liposarcoma through FOXM1 Running Title: TODL lncRNA as a potential therapeutic target for liposarcoma. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106462. [PMID: 36167276 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Liposarcoma, the most common soft tissue sarcoma, is a group of fat cell mesenchymal tumors with different histological subtypes. The dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been observed in human cancers including a few studies in sarcoma. However, the global transcriptome analysis and potential role of lncRNAs remain unexplored in liposarcoma. The present investigation uncovers the transcriptomic profile of liposarcoma by RNA sequencing to gain insight into the global transcriptional changes in liposarcoma. Our RNA sequencing analysis has identified that many oncogenic lncRNAs are differentially expressed in different subtypes of liposarcoma including MALAT1, PVT1, SNHG15, LINC00152, and MIR210HG. Importantly, we identified a highly overexpressed, unannotated, and novel lncRNA in dedifferentiated liposarcomas. We have named it TODL, transcript overexpressed in dedifferentiated liposarcoma. TODL lncRNA displayed significantly higher expression in dedifferentiated liposarcoma cell lines and patient samples. Interestingly, functional studies revealed that TODL lncRNA has an oncogenic function in liposarcoma cells by regulating proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, differentiation, and tumorigenesis in the murine model. Silencing of TODL lncRNA highlighted the enrichment of several key oncogenic signaling pathways including cell cycle, transcriptional misregulation, FOXM1 network, p53 signaling, PLK1 signaling, FoxO, and signaling Aurora signaling pathways. RNA pull-down assay revealed the binding of TODL lncRNA with FOXM1, an oncogenic transcription factor, and the key regulator of the cell cycle. Silencing of TODL lncRNA also induces adipogenesis in dedifferentiated liposarcomas. Altogether, our finding indicates that TODL could be utilized as a novel, specific diagnostic biomarker, and a pharmacological target for therapeutic development in controlling aggressive and metastatic dedifferentiated liposarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Kanojia
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Anuradha Kirtonia
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | | | | | - Pavithra Shyamsunder
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | | | - Pushkar Dakle
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Anand Mayakonda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Harvinder Kaur
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Jiang Yanyi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
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Dong Y, Xiong Y, Zhou D, Yao M, Wang X, Bi W, Zhang J. TRIM56 Reduces Radiosensitization of Human Glioblastoma by Regulating FOXM1-Mediated DNA Repair. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5312-5325. [PMID: 35696011 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent glioblastoma is characterized by resistance to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the role of TRIM56 in radiosensitization and its potential underlying molecular mechanism. TRIM56 expression levels were measured in glioblastoma tissues and cell lines by immunohistochemical staining, western blot, and qRT-PCR. MTT assay, colony formation assay, and TUNEL assay were used to investigate the effect of TRIM56 on cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to clarify the interaction between TRIM56 and FOXM1. Finally, tumor xenograft experiments were performed to analyze the effect of TRIM56 on tumor growth in vivo. The expression of TRIM56 was significantly increased in glioblastoma tissues and cell lines and its expression was associated with poor prognosis of patients with glioblastoma. Moreover, TRIM56 reduced the radiosensitivity of glioblastoma cells and promoted DNA repairment. Mechanistically, TRIM56 promoted FOXM1 protein level, enhanced the stability of FOXM1 by de-ubiquitination, and promoted DNA damage repair through FOXM1 in glioblastoma cells. TRIM56 could reduce the radiosensitivity of glioblastoma in vivo. TRIM56 may suppress the radiosensitization of human glioblastoma by regulating FOXM1-mediated DNA repair. Targeting the TRIM56 may be an effective method to reverse radiotherapy-resistant in glioblastoma recurrent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Dong
- School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, 519040, Guangdong Province, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, No.1066, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen City, 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yiping Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, No.1066, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen City, 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Duanyang Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, No.1066, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen City, 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, No.1066, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen City, 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen City, 815020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenchuan Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, No.1066, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen City, 518055, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, No.1066, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen City, 518055, Guangdong Province, China.
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Zhou Y, Yong H, Cui W, Chu S, Li M, Li Z, Bai J, Zhang H. Long noncoding RNA SH3PXD2A-AS1 promotes NSCLC proliferation and accelerates cell cycle progression by interacting with DHX9. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:192. [PMID: 35410446 PMCID: PMC9001675 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most commonly diagnosed lung cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is regulated by many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). In the present study, we found that SH3PXD2A-AS1 expression in NSCLC tissues was upregulated compared with that in normal lung tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database by using the GEPIA website. K-M analysis was performed to explore the effects of this molecule on the survival rate in NSCLC. The results demonstrated that SH3PXD2A-AS1 expression was increased in human NSCLC, and high SH3PXD2A-AS1 expression was correlated with poor overall survival. SH3PXD2A-AS1 promotes lung cancer cell proliferation and accelerates cell cycle progression in vitro. Animal studies validated that knockdown of SH3PXD2A-AS1 inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation in vivo. Mechanically, SH3PXD2A-AS1 interacted with DHX9 to enhance FOXM1 expression, promote tumour cell proliferation and accelerate cell cycle progression. Altogether, SH3PXD2A-AS1 promoted NSCLC growth by interacting with DHX9 to enhance FOXM1 expression. SH3PXD2A-AS1 may serve as a promising predictive biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Zhou
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengze Hospital in Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215228, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongmei Yong
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - WenJie Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sufang Chu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minle Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongwei Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221006, Jiangsu, China.
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Shi C, Zhang H, Wang M, Tian R, Li X, Feng Y, Peng F, Qin R. OPA Interacting Protein 5 Antisense RNA 1 Expedites Cell Migration and Invasion Through FOXM1/ Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:915-924. [PMID: 33782807 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06919-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a digestive tract malignancy with poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) OPA interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) was regarded to be correlated with human malignancy, working as tumor suppressor or promoter on the basis of tumor types. However, the function of OIP5-AS1 in PC remained unclear. AIMS The study focused on the function and regulatory mechanism of OIP5-AS1 in PC. METHODS OIP5-AS1 expression was assessed by the quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) in tumor tissues and PC cell lines. 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were applied to detect cell proliferation ability. Through wound healing and transwell assays, cell migration and invasion capacities were estimated. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to examine apoptosis capability of PC cells. RESULTS OIP5-AS1 downregulating inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities, while promoting cell apoptosis rates. As a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), OIP5-AS1 competed with Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) for the binding sites on microRNA-320b (miR-320b). OIP5-AS1 was able to upregulate FOXM1 expression via silencing miR-320b. Furthermore, FOXM1 served as an activator of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and mediated the effect of OIP5-AS1 on Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CONCLUSION OIP5-AS1 expedites the proliferative, migrated, and invasive capability of PC cells, while repressing cell apoptosis through regulating miRNA-320b/FOXM1 axis and FOXM1/Wnt/β-catenin pathway in PC. OIP5-AS1 regulation on FOXM1/Wnt/β-catenin pathway may offer novel efficient markers for PC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Shi
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yechen Feng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Renyi Qin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Qian Y, Li Y, Chen K, Liu N, Hong X, Wu D, Xu Z, Zhou L, Xu L, Jia R, Ge YZ. Pan-Cancer Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies PLK1 Crucial for the Tumorigenesis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1099-1116. [PMID: 35210814 PMCID: PMC8859474 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s347732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yiguan Qian
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Hong
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Luwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ruipeng Jia; Yu-Zheng Ge, Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15850675660, Email ;
| | - Yu-Zheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang YL, Ma Y, Zeng YQ, Liu Y, He EP, Liu YT, Qiao FL, Yu R, Wang YS, Wu XY, Leng P. A narrative review of research progress on FoxM1 in breast cancer carcinogenesis and therapeutics. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1704. [PMID: 34988213 PMCID: PMC8667115 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to clarify the potential roles of forkhead box transcription factor M1 (FoxM1) in the occurrence and progression of breast cancer, as well as the predictive value of FoxM1 as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer. BACKGROUND Breast cancer, well-known as a molecularly heterogeneous cancer, is still one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumors among females worldwide. Tumor recurrence and metastasis are the central causes of high mortality in breast cancer patients. Many factors contribute to the occurrence and progression of breast cancer, including FoxM1. FoxM1, widely regarded as a classic proliferation-related transcription factor, plays pivotal roles in the occurrence, proliferation, invasion, migration, drug resistance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes of multiple human tumors including breast cancer. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for articles published in English from February 2008 to May 2021 using related keywords such as "forkhead box transcription factor M1", "human breast cancer", "FoxM1", and "human tumor". About 90 research papers and reports written in English were identified, most of which were published after 2015. These papers mainly concentrated on the functions of FoxM1 in the occurrence, development, drug resistance, and treatment of human breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Considering that the abnormal expression of FoxM1 plays a significant role in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy drug resistance of breast cancer, and its overexpression is closely correlated with the unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics of breast tumor patients, it is considerably important to comprehend the regulatory mechanism of FoxM1 in breast cancer. This will provide strong evidence for FoxM1 as a potential biomarker for the targeted treatment and prognostic evaluation of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Emergency Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Disaster Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - You-Qin Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - En-Ping He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College-Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Tong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying-Shuang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Leng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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11
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Miallot R, Galland F, Millet V, Blay JY, Naquet P. Metabolic landscapes in sarcomas. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:114. [PMID: 34294128 PMCID: PMC8296645 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring offers novel therapeutic opportunities in cancer. Until recently, there was scant information regarding soft tissue sarcomas, due to their heterogeneous tissue origin, histological definition and underlying genetic history. Novel large-scale genomic and metabolomics approaches are now helping stratify their physiopathology. In this review, we show how various genetic alterations skew activation pathways and orient metabolic rewiring in sarcomas. We provide an update on the contribution of newly described mechanisms of metabolic regulation. We underscore mechanisms that are relevant to sarcomagenesis or shared with other cancers. We then discuss how diverse metabolic landscapes condition the tumor microenvironment, anti-sarcoma immune responses and prognosis. Finally, we review current attempts to control sarcoma growth using metabolite-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Miallot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
| | - Franck Galland
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Millet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon 1, Lyon Recherche Innovation contre le Cancer, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Naquet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille Luminy, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
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12
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Liu C, Barger CJ, Karpf AR. FOXM1: A Multifunctional Oncoprotein and Emerging Therapeutic Target in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3065. [PMID: 34205406 PMCID: PMC8235333 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a member of the conserved forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. Over the last two decades, FOXM1 has emerged as a multifunctional oncoprotein and a robust biomarker of poor prognosis in many human malignancies. In this review article, we address the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of regulation and oncogenic functions of FOXM1, particularly in the context of ovarian cancer. FOXM1 and its associated oncogenic transcriptional signature are enriched in >85% of ovarian cancer cases and FOXM1 expression and activity can be enhanced by a plethora of genomic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms. As a master transcriptional regulator, FOXM1 promotes critical oncogenic phenotypes in ovarian cancer, including: (1) cell proliferation, (2) invasion and metastasis, (3) chemotherapy resistance, (4) cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, (5) genomic instability, and (6) altered cellular metabolism. We additionally discuss the evidence for FOXM1 as a cancer biomarker, describe the rationale for FOXM1 as a cancer therapeutic target, and provide an overview of therapeutic strategies used to target FOXM1 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam R. Karpf
- Eppley Institute and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68918-6805, USA; (C.L.); (C.J.B.)
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13
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Stanzani E, Pedrosa L, Bourmeau G, Anezo O, Noguera-Castells A, Esteve-Codina A, Passoni L, Matteoli M, de la Iglesia N, Seano G, Martínez-Soler F, Tortosa A. Dual Role of Integrin Alpha-6 in Glioblastoma: Supporting Stemness in Proneural Stem-Like Cells While Inducing Radioresistance in Mesenchymal Stem-Like Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123055. [PMID: 34205341 PMCID: PMC8235627 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) are responsible for most of the malignant characteristics of glioblastoma, including therapeutic resistance, tumour recurrence, and tumour cellular heterogeneity. Therefore, increased understanding of the mechanisms regulating GSCs aggressiveness may help to improve patients’ outcomes. Here, we investigated the role of integrin a6 in controlling stemness and resistance to radiotherapy across proneural and mesenchymal molecular subtypes. We observed that integrin a6 had a clear role in stemness maintenance in proneural but not in mesenchymal GSCs. In addition, we proved a crucial role of integrin a6 in supporting mesenchymal GSCs resistance to ionizing radiation. Finally, we highlighted that integrin a6 may control different stem-associated features in GSCs, depending on the molecular subtype. The inhibition of integrin a6 limits stem-like malignant characteristics in both GSCs subtypes and thus may potentially control tumour relapse following conventional treatment. Abstract Therapeutic resistance after multimodal therapy is the most relevant cause of glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence. Extensive cellular heterogeneity, mainly driven by the presence of GBM stem-like cells (GSCs), strongly correlates with patients’ prognosis and limited response to therapies. Defining the mechanisms that drive stemness and control responsiveness to therapy in a GSC-specific manner is therefore essential. Here we investigated the role of integrin a6 (ITGA6) in controlling stemness and resistance to radiotherapy in proneural and mesenchymal GSCs subtypes. Using cell sorting, gene silencing, RNA-Seq, and in vitro assays, we verified that ITGA6 expression seems crucial for proliferation and stemness of proneural GSCs, while it appears not to be relevant in mesenchymal GSCs under basal conditions. However, when challenged with a fractionated protocol of radiation therapy, comparable to that used in the clinical setting, mesenchymal GSCs were dependent on integrin a6 for survival. Specifically, GSCs with reduced levels of ITGA6 displayed a clear reduction of DNA damage response and perturbation of cell cycle pathways. These data indicate that ITGA6 inhibition is able to overcome the radioresistance of mesenchymal GSCs, while it reduces proliferation and stemness in proneural GSCs. Therefore, integrin a6 controls crucial characteristics across GBM subtypes in GBM heterogeneous biology and thus may represent a promising target to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Stanzani
- Apoptosis and Cancer Unit, Department of Physiological Sciences, IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain;
- Correspondence: or (E.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Leire Pedrosa
- Haematology and Oncology Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.); (N.d.l.I.)
| | - Guillaume Bourmeau
- Tumor Microenvironment Lab., Institut Curie, Université PSL, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; (G.B.); (O.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Oceane Anezo
- Tumor Microenvironment Lab., Institut Curie, Université PSL, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; (G.B.); (O.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Aleix Noguera-Castells
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Departament of Medicine, CELLEX Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- Functional Genomics, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CNAG-CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Passoni
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Michela Matteoli
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, c/o Humanitas, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Núria de la Iglesia
- Haematology and Oncology Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.); (N.d.l.I.)
| | - Giorgio Seano
- Tumor Microenvironment Lab., Institut Curie, Université PSL, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France; (G.B.); (O.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Fina Martínez-Soler
- Apoptosis and Cancer Unit, Department of Physiological Sciences, IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain;
- Department of Basic Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Avelina Tortosa
- Apoptosis and Cancer Unit, Department of Physiological Sciences, IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain;
- Department of Basic Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Correspondence: or (E.S.); (A.T.)
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14
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Lee NR, Kim DY, Jin H, Meng R, Chai OH, Kim SH, Park BH, Kim SM. Inactivation of the Akt/FOXM1 Signaling Pathway by Panobinostat Suppresses the Proliferation and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5955. [PMID: 34073071 PMCID: PMC8199011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a new class of cytostatic agents available for the treatment of various cancers and diseases. Although numerous clinical and pre-clinical trials on the anticancer effects of panobinostat have been conducted, only a few reports have investigated its efficacy in gastric cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of panobinostat in gastric cancer cells. Panobinostat significantly inhibited the cell viability and proliferation of the gastric cancer cell lines SNU484 and SNU638 in a dose-dependent manner; it reduced the colony-forming ability of these cells. Moreover, it induced apoptosis as indicated by increased protein levels of cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase and cleaved caspase-3. Panobinostat induced the G2/M cell cycle arrest in SNU484 and SNU638 cells and subsequently decreased the G2/M phase regulatory-associated protein expression of p-Wee1, Myt1, and Cdc2. Furthermore, panobinostat significantly inhibited the metastasis of SNU484 and SNU638 cells by regulating the expression of MMP-9 and E-cadherin. Further, it decreased the protein levels of p-Akt and forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1). These effects were reversed by the Akt agonist SC79 and were accelerated by the Akt inhibitor LY2940002. Moreover, tumor growth in xenograft animal experiments was suppressed by panobinostat. These results indicated that panobinostat inhibits the proliferation, metastasis, and cell cycle progression of gastric cancer cells by promoting apoptosis and inactivating Akt/FOXM1 signaling. Cumulatively, our present study suggests that panobinostat is a potential drug for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ri Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
| | - Da-Yeah Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (D.-Y.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Hua Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Ruoyu Meng
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (D.-Y.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Ok Hee Chai
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Seong-Hun Kim
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroentrology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Soo Mi Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (D.-Y.K.); (R.M.)
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15
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Murlistyarini S, Aninda LP, Widyarti S, Endharti AT, Sardjono TW. Exosomes of Adipose-derived Stem Cells Conditioned Media Promotes Retinoblastoma and Forkhead-Box M1 Protein Expression. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In the senescence process, the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein binds to E2F in hypophosphorylated conditions, preventing the cell to enter the S-phase in the cell cycle. Human Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) protein, key regulator G1/S and G2/M phases, decreases in the senescence process. Many studies have been carried out to reverse this system, one of which used exosomes of adipose-derived stem c ells conditioned media (ADSC-CM). These exosomes contain a variety of specific proteins which have pro-proliferation properties, however, little is known on the role of these exosomes toward the change of phosphorylated Rb and FOXM1.
AIM: This study aims to find out the involvement of exosomes of ADSC-CM on these two proteins on senescence human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs).
METHODS: In vitro experiment was undergone randomization sample and non-blinded pre-/post-test control group. The primary culture of senescent HDFs was transfected with exosomes of ADSC-CM; then, its effect on migration and senescence reversal was observed through analyzing Sa-β-gal, Rb, and FOXM1 protein expression.
RESULTS: The expression of Sa-β-gal was higher in the control group. Our result demonstrated the exosome of ADSC-CM significantly induced the expression of Rb and FOXM1 protein in senescent HDFs (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: It proved that exosomes of ADSC-CM could shift the senescent fibroblast into metabolically active cells.
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16
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Enzo E, Secone Seconetti A, Forcato M, Tenedini E, Polito MP, Sala I, Carulli S, Contin R, Peano C, Tagliafico E, Bicciato S, Bondanza S, De Luca M. Single-keratinocyte transcriptomic analyses identify different clonal types and proliferative potential mediated by FOXM1 in human epidermal stem cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2505. [PMID: 33947848 PMCID: PMC8097075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous epidermal cultures restore a functional epidermis on burned patients. Transgenic epidermal grafts do so also in genetic skin diseases such as Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa. Clinical success strictly requires an adequate number of epidermal stem cells, detected as holoclone-forming cells, which can be only partially distinguished from the other clonogenic keratinocytes and cannot be prospectively isolated. Here we report that single-cell transcriptome analysis of primary human epidermal cultures identifies categories of genes clearly distinguishing the different keratinocyte clonal types, which are hierarchically organized along a continuous, mainly linear trajectory showing that stem cells sequentially generate progenitors producing terminally differentiated cells. Holoclone-forming cells display stem cell hallmarks as genes regulating DNA repair, chromosome segregation, spindle organization and telomerase activity. Finally, we identify FOXM1 as a YAP-dependent key regulator of epidermal stem cells. These findings improve criteria for measuring stem cells in epidermal cultures, which is an essential feature of the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Enzo
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Secone Seconetti
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Holostem Terapie Avanzate, s.r.l, Modena, Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Tenedini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Diagnostic hematology and Clinical, Genomics Unit, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Polito
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Irene Sala
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Contin
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Clinical Sampling & Alliances, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clelia Peano
- Genomic Unit, IRCSS, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Enrico Tagliafico
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Diagnostic hematology and Clinical, Genomics Unit, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Centre for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Michele De Luca
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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17
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Yang X, Yang S, Song J, Yang W, Ji Y, Zhang F, Rao J. Dysregulation of miR-23b-5p promotes cell proliferation via targeting FOXM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:47. [PMID: 33723252 PMCID: PMC7960996 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00440-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence demonstrates that MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in contributing to tumor development and progression. However, the underlying role and mechanisms of miR-23b-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation remain unclear. Our study showed that miR-23b-5p was downregulated in the HCC tissues and cell lines, and lower expression of miR-23b-5p was associated with more severe tumor size and poorer survival. Gain- or loss-of-function assays demonstrated that miR-23b-5p induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. qRT-PCR, western blot and luciferase assays verified that Mammalian transcription factor Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1), upregulated in HCC specimens, was negatively correlated with miR-23b-5p expression and acted as a direct downstream target of miR-23b-5p. In addition, miR-23b-5p could regulate cyclin D1 and c-MYC expression by directly targeting FOXM1. Further study revealed that restoration of FOXM1 neutralized the cell cycle arrest and cell proliferation inhibition caused by miR-23b-5p. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-23b-5p acted as a tumor suppressor role in HCC progression by targeting FOXM1 and may serve as a potential novel biomarker for HCC diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Yang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhua Song
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Ji
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jianhua Rao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.
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18
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Kaarijärvi R, Kaljunen H, Ketola K. Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040692. [PMID: 33572108 PMCID: PMC7915380 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is a subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which develops under prolonged androgen deprivation therapy. The mechanisms and pathways underlying the t-NEPC are still poorly understood and there are no effective treatments available. Here, we summarize the literature on the molecules and pathways contributing to neuroendocrine phenotype in prostate cancer in the context of their known cellular neurodevelopmental processes. We also discuss the role of tumor microenvironment in neuroendocrine plasticity, future directions, and therapeutic options under clinical investigation for neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Abstract Neuroendocrine plasticity and treatment-induced neuroendocrine phenotypes have recently been proposed as important resistance mechanisms underlying prostate cancer progression. Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is highly aggressive subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer which develops for one fifth of patients under prolonged androgen deprivation. In recent years, understanding of molecular features and phenotypic changes in neuroendocrine plasticity has been grown. However, there are still fundamental questions to be answered in this emerging research field, for example, why and how do the prostate cancer treatment-resistant cells acquire neuron-like phenotype. The advantages of the phenotypic change and the role of tumor microenvironment in controlling cellular plasticity and in the emergence of treatment-resistant aggressive forms of prostate cancer is mostly unknown. Here, we discuss the molecular and functional links between neurodevelopmental processes and treatment-induced neuroendocrine plasticity in prostate cancer progression and treatment resistance. We provide an overview of the emergence of neurite-like cells in neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells and whether the reported t-NEPC pathways and proteins relate to neurodevelopmental processes like neurogenesis and axonogenesis during the development of treatment resistance. We also discuss emerging novel therapeutic targets modulating neuroendocrine plasticity.
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19
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Zhu B, Wu Y, Niu L, Yao W, Xue M, Wang H, Yang J, Li J, Fan W. Silencing SAPCD2 Represses Proliferation and Lung Metastasis of Fibrosarcoma by Activating Hippo Signaling Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 10:574383. [PMID: 33384953 PMCID: PMC7770171 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.574383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary problem associated with fibrosarcoma is its high potential to metastasize to the lung. Aberrant expression of SAPCD2 has been widely reported to be implicated in the progression and metastasis in multiple cancer types. However, the clinical significance and biological roles of SAPCD2 in fibrosarcoma remain unknown. Here, we reported that SAPCD2 expression was markedly elevated in fibrosarcoma tissues, and its expression was differentially upregulated in fibrosarcoma cell lines compared with that in several primary fibroblast cell lines. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that SAPCD2 overexpression was significantly correlated with early progression and metastasis, and poor prognosis in fibrosarcoma patients. Our results further showed that silencing SAPCD2 inhibited the proliferation and increased the apoptosis of fibrosarcoma cells in vitro. Importantly, silencing SAPCD2 repressed lung metastasis of fibrosarcoma cells in vivo. Mechanistic investigation further demonstrated that silencing SAPCD2 inhibited the proliferation and lung metastasis of fibrosarcoma cells by activating the Hippo signaling pathway, as evidenced by the finding that constitutively active YAP1, YAP1-S127A, significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of SAPCD2 downregulation on the colony formation and anchorage-independent growth capabilities of fibrosarcoma cells, as well as the stimulatory effect on the apoptotic ratio of fibrosarcoma cells. In conclusion, SAPCD2 promotes the proliferation and lung metastasis of fibrosarcoma cells by regulating the activity of Hippo signaling, and this mechanism represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of lung metastatic fibrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqin Wu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Fudan Institute of Cryosurgery for Cancer, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Xue
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaping Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhe Fan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Tabatabaei Dakhili SA, Pérez DJ, Gopal K, Haque M, Ussher JR, Kashfi K, Velázquez-Martínez CA. SP1-independent inhibition of FOXM1 by modified thiazolidinediones. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112902. [PMID: 33069434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This research article describes an approach to modify the thiazolidinedione scaffold to produce test drugs capable of binding to, and inhibit, the in vitro transcriptional activity of the oncogenic protein FOXM1. This approach allowed us to obtain FOXM1 inhibitors that bind directly to the FOXM1-DNA binding domain without targeting the expression levels of Sp1, an upstream transcription factor protein known to activate the expression of FOXM1. Briefly, we modified the chemical structure of the thiazolidinedione scaffold present in anti-diabetic medications such as pioglitazone, rosiglitazone and the former anti-diabetic drug troglitazone, because these drugs have been reported to exert inhibition of FOXM1 but hit other targets as well. After the chemical synthesis of 11 derivatives possessing a modified thiazolidinedione moiety, we screened all test compounds using in vitro protocols to measure their ability to (a) dissociate a FOXM1-DNA complex (EMSA assay); (b) decrease the expression of FOXM1 in triple negative-breast cancer cells (WB assay); (c) downregulate the expression of FOXM1 downstream targets (luciferase reporter assays and qPCR); and inhibit the formation of colonies of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells (colony formation assay). We also identified a potential binding mode associated with these compounds in which compound TFI-10, one of the most active molecules, exerts binding interactions with Arg289, Trp308, and His287. Unlike the parent drug, troglitazone, compound TFI-10 does not target the in vitro expression of Sp1, suggesting that it is possible to design FOXM1 inhibitors with a better selectivity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Pérez
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Unidad Radiofarmacia-Ciclotrón, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, Mexico
| | - Keshav Gopal
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Moinul Haque
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John R Ussher
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, USA
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21
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Zhu X, Lu K, Cao L, Hu Y, Yin Y, Cai Y. FoxM1 is Upregulated in Osteosarcoma and Inhibition of FoxM1 Decreases Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:9857-9867. [PMID: 33116844 PMCID: PMC7555408 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s270825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly aggressive bone malignancy that is mostly diagnosed in children and young adults. Increasing evidence indicates that the transcription factor Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various tumors. However, the function of FoxM1 in OS has not been clearly elucidated. Methods In the present study, we first analyzed the expressions of FoxM1 in human OS and myositis ossificans (MO, included as a control) tissues by immunohistochemistry. To investigate the functional significance of FoxM1 in OS tumorigenesis, we examined the effects of FoxM1 downregulation in MG-63 and HOS-MNNG cells by either short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated gene silencing or treatment with thiostrepton, a specific FoxM1 inhibitor. Results FoxM1 was detected in 82.1% (55/67) of OS vs only 10% (2/20) of MO samples. High expressions of FoxM1 were also detected in three human OS cell lines (HOS-MNNG, MG-63, and U-2OS). FoxM1 downregulation significantly reduced MG-63 and HOS-MNNG cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and increased apoptotic cell death. Conclusion The present study demonstrated the critical role of FoxM1 in the pathogenesis of OS. Therefore, FoxM1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangyang Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyu Cao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongping Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
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22
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Sinha S, Dwivedi N, Woodgett J, Tao S, Howard C, Fields TA, Jamadar A, Rao R. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibits tubular regeneration in acute kidney injury by a FoxM1-dependent mechanism. FASEB J 2020; 34:13597-13608. [PMID: 32813289 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000526rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by injury to the tubular epithelium that leads to the sudden loss of renal function. Proper tubular regeneration is essential to prevent progression to chronic kidney disease. In this study, we examined the role of FoxM1, a forkhead box family member transcription factor in tubular repair after AKI. Renal FoxM1 expression increased after renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI in mouse kidneys. Treatment with thiostrepton, a FoxM1 inhibitor, reduced FoxM1 regulated pro-proliferative factors and cell proliferation in vitro, and tubular regeneration in mouse kidneys after AKI. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) was found to be an upstream regulator of FoxM1 because GSK3 inhibition or renal tubular GSK3β gene deletion significantly increased FoxM1 expression, and improved tubular repair and renal function. GSK3 inactivation increased β-catenin, Cyclin D1, and c-Myc, and reduced cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27. Importantly, thiostrepton treatment abolished the improved tubular repair in GSK3β knockout mice following AKI. These results demonstrate that FoxM1 is important for renal tubular regeneration following AKI and that GSK3β suppresses tubular repair by inhibiting FoxM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sinha
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Nidhi Dwivedi
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - James Woodgett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shixin Tao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Christianna Howard
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Timothy A Fields
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Abeda Jamadar
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Reena Rao
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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High impact of miRNA-4521 on FOXM1 expression in medulloblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:696. [PMID: 31541075 PMCID: PMC6754377 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma, an embryonal tumor of the cerebellum/fourth ventricle, is one of the most frequent malignant brain tumors in children. Although genetic variants are increasingly used in treatment stratification, survival of high-risk patients, characterized by leptomeningeal dissemination, TP53 mutation or MYC amplification, is still poor. FOXM1, a proliferation-specific oncogenic transcription factor, is deregulated in various solid tumors, including medulloblastoma, and triggers cellular proliferation, migration and genomic instability. In tissue samples obtained from medulloblastoma patients, the significant upregulation of FOXM1 was associated with a loss of its putative regulating microRNA, miR-4521. To understand the underlying mechanism, we investigated the effect of miR-4521 on the expression of the transcription factor FOXM1 in medulloblastoma cell lines. Transfection of this microRNA reduced proliferation and invasion of several medulloblastoma cell lines and induced programmed cell death through activation of caspase 3/7. Further, downstream targets of FOXM1 such as PLK1 and cyclin B1 were significantly reduced thus affecting the cell cycle progression in medulloblastoma cell lines. In conclusion, a restoration of miRNA-4521 may selectively suppress the pathophysiological effect of aberrant FOXM1 expression and serve as a targeted approach for medulloblastoma therapy.
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Song Z, Li J, Zhang L, Deng J, Fang Z, Xiang X, Xiong J. UCHL3 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and chemo-resistance through FOXM1 stabilization. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1970-1981. [PMID: 31598398 PMCID: PMC6780670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of deubiquitinating enzymes has been reported to be important in the development of many human cancers, including pancreatic cancer. However, the precise role and potential mechanism of action of the deubiquitinating enzyme UCHL3 in pancreatic cancer progression and chemo-resistance, are poorly elucidated. In the current study, the consequences of UCHL3 knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells were evaluated via cell viability and colony formation assays. In vivo experiments were also conducted to confirm the effect of UCHL3 and FOXM1 depletion on tumor growth in nude mouse xenograft models. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by wound-healing and transwell assays, respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and in vitro deubiquitination assays were performed to investigate the interactions between UCHL3 and FOXM1. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was utilized to examine the expression of UCHL3 and FOXM1 in pancreatic cancer tissues. Our results demonstrate that UCHL3 deubiquitinated and stabilized FOXM1, thereby potentiating proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, knockdown of UCHL3 increased FOXM1 ubiquitination, which enhanced FOXM1 turnover and promoted pancreatic cancer cells' sensitivity to gemcitabine. High UCHL3 expression was positively associated with FOXM1 expression level in pancreatic cancer patient samples. Collectively, our study established the UCHL3-FOXM1 axis as a pivotal driver of pancreatic cancer progression and gemcitabine resistance and provided evidence for the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the UCHL3-FOXM1 axis for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwang Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhe Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziling Fang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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25
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Qian C, Wang B, Zou Y, Zhang Y, Hu X, Sun W, Xiao H, Liu H, Shi L. MicroRNA 145 enhances chemosensitivity of glioblastoma stem cells to demethoxycurcumin. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6829-6840. [PMID: 31440081 PMCID: PMC6664422 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s210076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The presence of glioma stem cells (GSCs) is thought to be a key factor responsible for development of the incurable glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GSCs are often displayed during chemotherapy resistance, except for demethoxycurcumin (DMC), a component of curcumin, which has been previously confirmed to inhibit GSCs proliferation and induce apoptosis. Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify the main mechanism underlying anti-GSCs resistance by DMC. Patients and methods: qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression of miR-145 in glioma patients and GSCs, and GSCs were transfected with miR-145 overexpressed vectors. Then, functional analyses (in vitro and in vivo) were performed to confirm the role of miR-145 and DMC in GSCs. Finally, related proteins were tested by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results: miR-145 was atypically low-expressed miRNA in GSCs, and could enhance GSC chemosensitivity to DMC both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of miR-145 in GSCs resulted in increased cell growth inhibition and apoptosis to DMC. Further research on the mechanism demonstrated that the combined effects of miR-145 and DMC were involved in the miR-145/SOX2-Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Overexpression of SOX2 reduced GSC resistance to growth inhibition by miR-145+ DMC treatment. Conclusion: Our data strongly support an important role for miR-145 in enhancing GSC chemosensitivity to DMC by targeting the SOX2-Wnt/β-catenin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfa Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou 215300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yansong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Department of Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou 215300, People's Republic of China
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26
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Zanin R, Pegoraro S, Ros G, Ciani Y, Piazza S, Bossi F, Bulla R, Zennaro C, Tonon F, Lazarevic D, Stupka E, Sgarra R, Manfioletti G. HMGA1 promotes breast cancer angiogenesis supporting the stability, nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of FOXM1. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:313. [PMID: 31311575 PMCID: PMC6636010 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Among the breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and the most difficult to treat. One of the master regulators in TNBC progression is the architectural transcription factor HMGA1. This study aimed to further explore the HMGA1 molecular network to identify molecular mechanisms involved in TNBC progression. Methods RNA from the MDA-MB-231 cell line, silenced for HMGA1 expression, was sequenced and, with a bioinformatic analysis, molecular partners HMGA1 could cooperate with in regulating common downstream gene networks were identified. Among the putative partners, the FOXM1 transcription factor was selected. The relationship occurring between HMGA1 and FOXM1 was explored by qRT-PCR, co-immunoprecipitation and protein stability assays. Subsequently, the transcriptional activity of HMGA1 and FOXM1 was analysed by luciferase assay on the VEGFA promoter. The impact on angiogenesis was assessed in vitro, evaluating the tube formation ability of endothelial cells exposed to the conditioned medium of MDA-MB-231 cells silenced for HMGA1 and FOXM1 and in vivo injecting MDA-MB-231 cells, silenced for the two factors, in zebrafish larvae. Results Here, we discover FOXM1 as a novel molecular partner of HMGA1 in regulating a gene network implicated in several breast cancer hallmarks. HMGA1 forms a complex with FOXM1 and stabilizes it in the nucleus, increasing its transcriptional activity on common target genes, among them, VEGFA, the main inducer of angiogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HMGA1 and FOXM1 synergistically drive breast cancer cells to promote tumor angiogenesis both in vitro in endothelial cells and in vivo in a zebrafish xenograft model. Moreover, using a dataset of breast cancer patients we show that the co-expression of HMGA1, FOXM1 and VEGFA is a negative prognostic factor of distant metastasis-free survival and relapse-free survival. Conclusions This study reveals FOXM1 as a crucial interactor of HMGA1 and proves that their cooperative action supports breast cancer aggressiveness, by promoting tumor angiogenesis. Therefore, the possibility to target HMGA1/FOXM1 in combination should represent an attractive therapeutic option to counteract breast cancer angiogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1307-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Zanin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Pegoraro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gloria Ros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Yari Ciani
- Laboratorio Nazionale CIB, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, Trieste, Italy.,Present address: Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Fleur Bossi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) "Burlo Garofolo", via dell'Istria 65/1, 34134, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cristina Zennaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Tonon
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elia Stupka
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Present address: Life Sciences Business Health Catalyst, Cambridge, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, USA
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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Li Y, Wang Z, Li J, Sang X. Diallyl disulfide suppresses FOXM1-mediated proliferation and invasion in osteosarcoma by upregulating miR-134. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7286-7296. [PMID: 30387181 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a volatile component of garlic oil, exerts anticancer activity in various types of cancers, while its anticancer effects against osteosarcoma (OS) have not been previously explored. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of DADS in OS and to explore the underlying mechanisms. DADS reduced the cell viability and increased the expression of miR-134 in OS cell lines, and this effect was in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, in vitro functional assays revealed that DADS significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of human OS U2OS and MG-63 cells, which was partially reversed by miR-134 inhibitor transfection. DADS exhibited in vivo antitumor activity and upregulated miR-134 expression in xenograft tumors. Downregulation of miR-134 attenuated DADS-induced antitumor capacity. Further bioinformatics prediction analysis revealed that the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) harbored miR-134-binding sites, and overexpression of miR-134 repressed the luciferase activity of the reporting vector containing FOXM1 3'-UTR. Both miR-134 overexpression and DADS inhibited FOXM1 expression in U2OS cells, while enforced expression of FOXM1 suppressed DADS-induced antiproliferation and anti-invasion capacity in U2OS cells. Furthermore, DADS treatment led to significant downregulation of cyclin D1, c-myc, and lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 expression, but the remarkably upregulated p21 level in U2OS cells. Collectively, DADS could be a promising anticancer agent for OS, and the underlying mechanisms might be associated with the antiproliferation and anti-invasion properties through upregulating miR-134 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiguang Sang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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28
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Viiri LE, Rantapero T, Kiamehr M, Alexanova A, Oittinen M, Viiri K, Niskanen H, Nykter M, Kaikkonen MU, Aalto-Setälä K. Extensive reprogramming of the nascent transcriptome during iPSC to hepatocyte differentiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3562. [PMID: 30837492 PMCID: PMC6401154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a renewable source of cells for drug discovery, disease modelling and cell-based therapies. Here, by using GRO-Seq we provide the first genome-wide analysis of the nascent RNAs in iPSCs, HLCs and primary hepatocytes to extend our understanding of the transcriptional changes occurring during hepatic differentiation process. We demonstrate that a large fraction of hepatocyte-specific genes are regulated at transcriptional level and identify hundreds of differentially expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Differentiation induced alternative transcription start site (TSS) usage between the cell types as evidenced for miR-221/222 and miR-3613/15a/16-1 clusters. We demonstrate that lncRNAs and coding genes are tightly co-expressed and could thus be co-regulated. Finally, we identified sets of transcriptional regulators that might drive transcriptional changes during hepatocyte differentiation. These included RARG, E2F1, SP1 and FOXH1, which were associated with the down-regulated transcripts, and hepatocyte-specific TFs such as FOXA1, FOXA2, HNF1B, HNF4A and CEBPA, as well as RXR, PPAR, AP-1, JUNB, JUND and BATF, which were associated with up-regulated transcripts. In summary, this study clarifies the role of regulatory ncRNAs and TFs in differentiation of HLCs from iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena E Viiri
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland.
| | - Tommi Rantapero
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Mostafa Kiamehr
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Anna Alexanova
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Mikko Oittinen
- Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Keijo Viiri
- Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Henri Niskanen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Katriina Aalto-Setälä
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33014, Finland.,Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33520, Finland
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29
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IFN-γ-response mediator GBP-1 represses human cell proliferation by inhibiting the Hippo signaling transcription factor TEAD. Biochem J 2018; 475:2955-2967. [PMID: 30120107 PMCID: PMC6156764 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a pleiotropic cytokine that exerts important functions in inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer. The large GTPase human guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP-1) is among the most strongly IFN-γ-induced cellular proteins. Previously, it has been shown that GBP-1 mediates manifold cellular responses to IFN-γ including the inhibition of proliferation, spreading, migration, and invasion and through this exerts anti-tumorigenic activity. However, the mechanisms of GBP-1 anti-tumorigenic activities remain poorly understood. Here, we elucidated the molecular mechanism of the human GBP-1-mediated suppression of proliferation by demonstrating for the first time a cross-talk between the anti-tumorigenic IFN-γ and Hippo pathways. The α9-helix of GBP-1 was found to be sufficient to inhibit proliferation. Protein-binding and molecular modeling studies revealed that the α9-helix binds to the DNA-binding domain of the Hippo signaling transcription factor TEA domain protein (TEAD) mediated by the 376VDHLFQK382 sequence at the N-terminus of the GBP-1-α9-helix. Mutation of this sequence resulted in abrogation of both TEAD interaction and suppression of proliferation. Further on, the interaction caused inhibition of TEAD transcriptional activity associated with the down-regulation of TEAD-target genes. In agreement with these results, IFN-γ treatment of the cells also impaired TEAD activity, and this effect was abrogated by siRNA-mediated inhibition of GBP-1 expression. Altogether, this demonstrated that the α9-helix is the proliferation inhibitory domain of GBP-1, which acts independent of the GTPase activity through the inhibition of the Hippo transcription factor TEAD in mediating the anti-proliferative cell response to IFN-γ.
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Chen Z, Bu N, Qiao X, Zuo Z, Shu Y, Liu Z, Qian Z, Chen J, Hou Y. Forkhead Box M1 Transcriptionally Regulates the Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs Snhg8 and Gm26917 to Promote Proliferation and Survival of Muscle Satellite Cells. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1097-1108. [PMID: 29575305 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple functions have been proposed for transcription factor FoxM1, including the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, senescence, apoptosis, and tissue homeostasis. However, the role of FoxM1 in muscle satellite cells (SCs) remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that FoxM1 was essential for the proliferation and survival of SCs. Crucially, we found that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) Snhg8 and Gm26917 significantly regulated the proliferation and apoptosis of SCs, respectively, and these lncRNAs were directly regulated by FoxM1 in SCs. Mechanistically, Snhg8 sustained SCs proliferation by promoting the transcription of ribosomal proteins, while Gm26917 acted as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-29b, which accelerated apoptosis of SCs. In mice, conditional knockout of FoxM1 in skeletal muscle resulted in decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of SCs. Thus, our studies revealed a previously unrecognized role of FoxM1 in SCs and uncovered two lncRNAs, Snhg8 and Gm26917, which function as novel targets of FoxM1 in the regulation of SCs proliferation and survival. Stem Cells 2018;36:1097-1108.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nuping Bu
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Zuo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahai Shu
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Liu
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Qian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jieping Chen
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Pan H, Zhu Y, Wei W, Shao S, Rui X. Transcription factor FoxM1 is the downstream target of c-Myc and contributes to the development of prostate cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:59. [PMID: 29554906 PMCID: PMC5859725 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is a common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Elevated expression of the transcription factor FoxM1 and c-Myc has been identified in prostate cancer. However, the potential mechanism of elevated FoxM1 and c-Myc to the development of prostate cancer has not been identified. Methods In this report, the mRNA level of FoxM1 and c-Myc was detected in 30 prostate cancer and para-cancer tissues. Then, we detected the expression level of FoxM1 by real-time PCR and Western blot after disturbance of the expression level of c-Myc in PC-3 cells. Whether c-Myc could bind to FoxM1 promoter was identified by ChIP assay. Finally, the migratory, invasive, and proliferative abilities in FoxM1 overexpressing and silencing PC-3 cells were detected by wound healing, transwell assay, CCK-8 assays, and Ki-67 protein level. Results We found that the expression level of FoxM1 and c-Myc were both increased in prostate cancer samples compared with para-cancer samples. The expression level of FoxM1 was changed consistent with the protein level of c-Myc. ChIP assay detected the direct binding of c-Myc in FoxM1 gene promoter. Lastly, overexpression of FoxM1 increased the migratory, invasive, and proliferative abilities of PC-3 cells, and its downregulation significantly decreased the migratory, invasive, and proliferative abilities. Conclusions In conclusion, FoxM1 was significantly increased in prostate cancer samples, and it could regulate the proliferative and invasive ability of prostate cancer cells which might be a new target for prostate cancer. Besides, c-Myc could regulate the expression level of FoxM1 by directly binding to its gene promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Pan
- Department of Urology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, No.41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudi Zhu
- Department of Urology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, No.41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Urology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, No.41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Siliang Shao
- Department of Urology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, No.41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Rui
- Department of Urology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, No.41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Chen W, Shimane T, Kawano S, Alshaikh A, Kim SY, Chung SH, Kim RH, Shin KH, Walentin K, Park NH, Schmidt-Ott KM, Kang MK. Human Papillomavirus 16 E6 Induces FoxM1B in Oral Keratinocytes through GRHL2. J Dent Res 2018; 97:795-802. [PMID: 29443638 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518756071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major risk factor for oral and pharyngeal cancers (OPCs), yet the detailed mechanisms by which HPV promotes OPCs are not understood. Forkhead box M1B (FoxM1B) is an oncogene essential for cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis, and it is aberrantly overexpressed in many tumors. We previously showed that FoxM1B was the putative target of an epithelial-specific transcription factor, Grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2). In the current study, we demonstrate that HPV type 16 (HPV-16) E6 induces FoxM1B in human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) and tonsillar epithelial cells (TECs) in part through GRHL2. FoxM1B was barely detectable in cultured normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOKs) and progressively increased in immortalized HOKs harboring HPV-16 genome (HOK-16B) and tumorigenic HOK-16B/BaP-T cells. Retroviral expression of HPV-16 E6 and/or E7 in NHOKs, TECs, and hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells (FaDu) revealed induction of FoxM1B and GRHL2 by the E6 protein but not E7. Both GRHL2 and FoxM1B were strongly induced in the epidermis of HPV-16 E6 transgenic mice and HPV+ oral squamous cell carcinomas. Ectopic expression of FoxM1B led to acquisition of transformed phenotype in HOK-16B cells. Loss of FoxM1B by lentiviral short hairpin RNA vector or chemical inhibitor led to elimination of tumorigenic characteristics of HOK-16B/BaP-T cells. Luciferase reporter assay revealed that GRHL2 directly bound and regulated the FoxM1B gene promoter activity. Using epithelial-specific Grhl2 conditional knockout mice, we exposed wild-type (WT) and Grhl2 KO mice to 4-nitroquinolin 1-oxide (4-NQO), which led to induction of FoxM1B in the tongue tissues and rampant oral tumor development in the WT mice. However, 4-NQO exposure failed to induce tongue tumors or induction of FoxM1B expression in Grhl2 KO mice. Collectively, these results indicate that HPV-16 induces FoxM1B in part through GRHL2 transcriptional activity and that elevated FoxM1B level is required for oropharyngeal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Chen
- 1 The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T Shimane
- 2 Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - S Kawano
- 3 Asahi University School of Dentistry, Gifu, Japan
| | - A Alshaikh
- 1 The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Y Kim
- 1 The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S H Chung
- 4 Deptartment of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R H Kim
- 1 The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,5 UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K H Shin
- 1 The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,5 UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K Walentin
- 6 Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Nephrology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - N H Park
- 1 The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,5 UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K M Schmidt-Ott
- 6 Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Nephrology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - M K Kang
- 1 The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,5 UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Yang F, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Xiong H, Li X, Li B, Xie W, Zhang L, Xu M, Zhang K, He F. LncRNA LOC653786 promotes growth of RCC cells via upregulating FOXM1. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12101-12111. [PMID: 29552295 PMCID: PMC5844731 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common kidney malignancy with poor prognosis. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated as important regulators in multiple cancers including RCC. LOC653786 is a lncRNA, but its role in cancer remains unclear. In this study, we for the first time found that LOC653786 was upregulated in RCC tissues and cell lines, and this lncRNA promoted growth and cell cycle progression of RCC cells. Moreover, we showed that LOC653786 elevated the expression of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) and its downstream target genes cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 in RCC cells. Reporter assay revealed that LOC653786 enhanced the transcriptional activity of FOXM1 gene promoter. Additionally, knockdown of FOXM1 attenuated the LOC653786-enhanced growth and cell cycle progression of RCC cells. Meanwhile, silencing of LOC653786 suppressed RCC cell growth and cell cycle progression, which was alleviated by overexpression of FOXM1. The in vivo experiments in nude mice showed knockdown of LOC653786 repressed xenograft tumor growth and FOXM1 expression. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that LOC653786 accelerates growth and cell cycle progression of RCC cells via upregulating FOXM1, suggesting that the ‘LOC653786/FOXM1’ pathway may serve as a novel target for RCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Qingjian Wu
- Department of Urology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Haojun Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xinzhe Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Min Xu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu Military Region, Chengdu 610021, China
| | - Kebin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Fengtian He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Han MZ, Xu R, Xu YY, Zhang X, Ni SL, Huang B, Chen AJ, Wei YZ, Wang S, Li WJ, Zhang Q, Li G, Li XG, Wang J. TAGLN2 is a candidate prognostic biomarker promoting tumorigenesis in human gliomas. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:155. [PMID: 29110682 PMCID: PMC5674233 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0619-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Transgelin-2 (TAGLN2) is a member of the calponin family of actin-bundling proteins that is involved in the regulation of cell morphology, motility, and cell transformation. Here, the clinical significance and potential function of TAGLN2 in malignant gliomas were investigated. Methods Molecular and clinical data was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene ontology and pathway analysis was used to predict potential functions of TAGLN2. RNA knockdown was performed using siRNA or lentiviral contructs in U87MG and U251 glioma cell lines. Cells were characterized in vitro or implanted in vivo to generate orthotopic xenografts in order to assess molecular status, cell proliferation/survival, and invasion by Western blotting, flow cytometry, and 3D tumor spheroid invasion assay, respectively. Results Increased TAGLN2 expression was associated with increasing tumor grade (P < 0.001), the mesenchymal molecular glioma subtype and worse prognosis in patients (P < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry performed with anti-TAGLN2 on an independent cohort of patients (n = 46) confirmed these results. Gene silencing of TAGLN2 in U87MG and U251 significantly inhibited invasion and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Western blot analysis revealed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) molecular markers, such as N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and Snail, were regulated in a manner corresponding to suppression of the EMT phenotype in knockdown experiments. Finally, TAGLN2 was induced ~ 2 to 3-fold in U87MG and U251 cells by TGFβ2, which was also elevated in GBM and highly correlated with TAGLN2 mRNA levels (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings indicate that TAGLN2 exerts a role in promoting the development of human glioma. The regulation and function of TAGLN2 therefore renders it as a candidate molecular target for the treatment of GBM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0619-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhi Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yang-Yang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shi-Lei Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - An-Jing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Wen-Jie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xin-Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, #107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China. .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
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Mills CC, Kolb EA, Sampson VB. Recent Advances of Cell-Cycle Inhibitor Therapies for Pediatric Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6489-6498. [PMID: 29097609 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the pivotal roles of cell-cycle and checkpoint regulators and discusses development of specific cell-cycle inhibitors for therapeutic use for pediatric cancer. The mechanism of action as well as the safety and tolerability of drugs in pediatric patients, including compounds that target CDK4/CDK6 (palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib), aurora kinases (AT9283 and MLN8237), Wee1 kinase (MK-1775), KSP (ispinesib), and tubulin (taxanes, vinca alkaloids), are presented. The design of mechanism-based combinations that exploit the cross-talk of signals activated by cell-cycle arrest, as well as pediatric-focused drug development, are critical for the advancement of drugs for rare childhood diseases. Cancer Res; 77(23); 6489-98. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E A Kolb
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Valerie B Sampson
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware.
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36
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Venkataramani V, Küffer S, Cheung KCP, Jiang X, Trümper L, Wulf GG, Ströbel P. CD31 Expression Determines Redox Status and Chemoresistance in Human Angiosarcomas. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:460-473. [PMID: 29084920 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Angiosarcomas are soft tissue sarcomas with endothelial differentiation and vasoformative capacity. Most angiosarcomas show strong constitutive expression of the endothelial adhesion receptor CD31/PECAM-1 pointing to an important role of this molecule. However, the biological function of CD31 in angiosarcomas is unknown.Experimental Design: The expression levels of CD31 in angiosarcoma cells and its effects on cell viability, colony formation, and chemoresistance were evaluated in human angiosarcoma clinical samples and in cell lines through isolation of CD31high and CD31low cell subsets. The redox-regulatory CD31 function linked to YAP signaling was determined using a CD31-blocking antibody and siRNA approach and was further validated in CD31-knockout endothelial cells.Results: We found that most angiosarcomas contain a small CD31low cell population. CD31low cells had lost part of their endothelial properties and were more tumorigenic and chemoresistant than CD31high cells due to more efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. Active downregulation of CD31 resulted in loss of endothelial tube formation, nuclear accumulation of YAP, and YAP-dependent induction of antioxidative enzymes. Addition of pazopanib, a known enhancer of proteasomal YAP degradation resensitized CD31low cells for doxorubicin resulting in growth suppression and induction of apoptosis.Conclusions: Human angiosarcomas contain a small aggressive CD31low population that have lost part of their endothelial differentiation programs and are more resistant against oxidative stress and DNA damage due to intensified YAP signaling. Our finding that the addition of YAP inhibitors can resensitize CD31low cells toward doxorubicin may aid in the rational development of novel combination therapies to treat angiosarcomas. Clin Cancer Res; 24(2); 460-73. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Venkataramani
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany. .,Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Küffer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kenneth C P Cheung
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lorenz Trümper
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerald G Wulf
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
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She S, Wei Q, Kang B, Wang YJ. Cell cycle and pluripotency: Convergence on octamer‑binding transcription factor 4 (Review). Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6459-6466. [PMID: 28901500 PMCID: PMC5865814 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have unlimited expansion potential and the ability to differentiate into all somatic cell types for regenerative medicine and disease model studies. Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), encoded by the POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 gene, is a transcription factor vital for maintaining ESC pluripotency and somatic reprogramming. Many studies have established that the cell cycle of ESCs is featured with an abbreviated G1 phase and a prolonged S phase. Changes in cell cycle dynamics are intimately associated with the state of ESC pluripotency, and manipulating cell-cycle regulators could enable a controlled differentiation of ESCs. The present review focused primarily on the emerging roles of OCT4 in coordinating the cell cycle progression, the maintenance of pluripotency and the glycolytic metabolism in ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi She
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Qucheng Wei
- Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Bo Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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38
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Heterogeneity in sarcoma cell lines reveals enhanced motility of tetraploid versus diploid cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16669-16689. [PMID: 28035071 PMCID: PMC5369993 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas with complex genomics are very heterogeneous tumors lacking simple prognosis markers or targeted therapies. Overexpression of a subset of mitotic genes from a signature called CINSARC is of bad prognosis, but the significance of this signature remains elusive. Here we precisely measure the cell cycle and mitosis duration of sarcoma cell lines and we found that the mitotic gene products overexpression does not reflect variation in the time spent during mitosis or G2/M. We also found that the CINSARC cell lines, we studied, are composed of a mixture of aneuploid, diploid, and tetraploid cells that are highly motile in vitro. After sorting diploid and tetraploid cells, we showed that the tetraploid cell clones do not possess a proliferative advantage, but are strikingly more motile and invasive than their diploid counterparts. This is correlated with higher levels of mitotic proteins overexpression. Owing that mitotic proteins are almost systematically degraded at the end of mitosis, we propose that it is the abnormal activity of the mitotic proteins during interphase that boosts the sarcoma cells migratory properties by affecting their cytoskeleton. To test this hypothesis, we designed a screen for mitotic or cytoskeleton protein inhibitors affecting the sarcoma cell migration potential independently of cytotoxic activities. We found that inhibition of several mitotic kinases drastically impairs the CINSARC cell invasive and migratory properties. This finding could provide a handle by which to selectively inhibit the most invasive cells.
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Pridgeon MG, Grohar PJ, Steensma MR, Williams BO. Wnt Signaling in Ewing Sarcoma, Osteosarcoma, and Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2017. [PMID: 28647886 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-017-0377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Wnt signaling plays a central role in development and homeostasis, and its dysregulation is a common event in many types of human cancer. Here we explore in detail the contributions of Wnt signaling to the initiation and maintenance of three types of saroma: Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. This review provides an overview of the Wnt signaling pathway and explores in detail the current knowledge about its role in the initiation or maintenance of three tumor types: Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. RECENT FINDINGS Recent work has assessed the role(s) of Wnt signaling within these cell types. This review provides an overview of the mechanistic insights that have been gained from a number of recent studies to set the foundation for potential therapeutic applications. Wnt signaling has emerged as a potentially critical pathway in maintaining the growth of these types of tumors. Given the fact that many new inhibitors of the pathway have recently or will soon enter Phase 1 clinical trials, it is likely that assessment of their activity in these tumor types will occur in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Pridgeon
- Grand Rapids Medical Education Partners, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Spectrum Health Cancer Center, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Helen De Vos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Patrick J Grohar
- Spectrum Health Cancer Center, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Helen De Vos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Matthew R Steensma
- Spectrum Health Cancer Center, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Helen De Vos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Department of Surgery, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Bart O Williams
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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40
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Sun JY, Zhao ZW, Li WM, Yang G, Jing PY, Li P, Dang HZ, Chen Z, Zhou YA, Li XF. Knockdown of MALAT1 expression inhibits HUVEC proliferation by upregulation of miR-320a and downregulation of FOXM1 expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:61499-61509. [PMID: 28977880 PMCID: PMC5617440 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of cancer angiogenesis could be a useful strategy in cancer therapy. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and can induce cancer cell proliferation, while lncRNAs, generally are able to act as microRNA (miRNA) sponges. The latter is a type of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that regulates expression of the targeting miRNAs and protein-coding genes. This study investigated the proliferative role of MALAT1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the underlying molecular events. The data showed that knockdown of MALAT1 expression using MALAT1 siRNA inhibited HUVEC proliferation and also significantly decreased levels of FOXM1 mRNA and protein in vitro, while knockdown of FOXM1 expression reduced HUVEC proliferation. Annotation of HUVEC microarray data revealed that seven miRNAs, including miR-320a, were upregulated after knockdown of MALAT1 expression in HUVECs. MALAT1 was shown to reciprocally interact with miR-320a, i.e., expression of one negatively regulated levels of the other, whereas knockdown of MALAT1 expression promoted miR-320a levels. Furthermore, miR-320a could directly target and inhibit FOXM1 expression in HUVECs. Knockdown of MALAT1 expression enhanced miR-320a expression but reduced FOXM1 expression resulting in downregulation of HUVEC proliferation. However, such an effect was inhibited by miR-320a depletion. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that miR-320a plays an important role in mediating the effects of MALAT1 on HUVEC proliferation by suppression of FOXM1 expression. Thus, targeting of this gene pathway could be a novel strategy in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yong Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei-Miao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng-Yu Jing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Zhou Dang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong-An Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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41
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Cadherins Associate with Distinct Stem Cell-Related Transcription Factors to Coordinate the Maintenance of Stemness in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:5091541. [PMID: 28392805 PMCID: PMC5368378 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5091541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer with poor prognosis and is enriched in cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, it is not completely understood how the CSCs were maintained in TNBC. In this study, by analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) provisional datasets and several small-size breast datasets, we found that cadherins (CDHs) 2, 4, 6, and 17 were frequently amplified/overexpressed in 47% of TNBC while E-cadherin (CDH1) was downregulated/mutated at 10%. The alterations of CDH2/4/6/17 were strongly associated with the elevated levels of several stem cell-related transcription factors (SC-TFs) including FOXM1, MCM2, WWTR1, SNAI1, and SOX9. CDH2/4/6/17-enriched genes including FOXM1 and MCM2 were also clustered and regulated by NFY (nuclear transcription factor Y) and/or EVI1/MECOM. Meanwhile, these SC-TFs including NFYA were upregulated in TNBC cells, but they were downregulated in luminal type of cells. Furthermore, small compounds might be predicted via the Connectivity Map analysis to target TNBC with the alterations of CDH2/4/6/17 and SC-TFs. Together with the important role of these SC-TFs in the stem cell regulation, our data provide novel insights into the maintenance of CSCs in TNBC and the discovery of these SC-TFs associated with the alterations of CDH2/4/6/17 has an implication in targeted therapy of TNBC.
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