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García-García VA, Alameda JP, Page A, Mérida-García A, Navarro M, Tejero A, Paramio JM, García-Fernández RA, Casanova ML. IKKα Induces Epithelial–Mesenchymal Changes in Mouse Skin Carcinoma Cells That Can Be Partially Reversed by Apigenin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031375. [PMID: 35163299 PMCID: PMC8836221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
NMSC (non-melanoma skin cancer) is a common tumor in the Caucasian population, accounting for 90% of skin cancers. Among them, squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) can metastasize and, due to its high incidence, constitute a severe health problem. It has been suggested that cutaneous SCCs with more risk to metastasize express high levels of nuclear IKKα. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to this enhanced aggressiveness are largely unknown. To understand in depth the influence of nuclear IKKα in skin SCC progression, we have generated murine PDVC57 skin carcinoma cells expressing exogenous IKKα either in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm to further distinguish the tumor properties of IKKα in both localizations. Our results show that IKKα promotes changes in both subcellular compartments, resembling EMT (epithelial–mesenchymal transition), which are more pronounced when IKKα is in the nucleus of these tumor cells. These EMT-related changes include a shift toward a migratory phenotype and induction of the expression of proteins involved in cell matrix degradation, cell survival and resistance to apoptosis. Additionally, we have found that apigenin, a flavonoid with anti-cancer properties, inhibits the expression of IKKα and attenuates most of the pro-tumoral EMT changes induced by IKKα in mouse tumor keratinocytes. Nevertheless, we have found that apigenin only inhibits the expression of the IKKα protein when it is localized in the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica A. García-García
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.G.-G.); (J.P.A.); (A.P.); (A.M.-G.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (J.M.P.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa P. Alameda
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.G.-G.); (J.P.A.); (A.P.); (A.M.-G.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (J.M.P.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angustias Page
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.G.-G.); (J.P.A.); (A.P.); (A.M.-G.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (J.M.P.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Mérida-García
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.G.-G.); (J.P.A.); (A.P.); (A.M.-G.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (J.M.P.)
- Complejo Asistencial de Zamora, 49022 Zamora, Spain
| | - Manuel Navarro
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.G.-G.); (J.P.A.); (A.P.); (A.M.-G.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (J.M.P.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Tejero
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.G.-G.); (J.P.A.); (A.P.); (A.M.-G.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Jesús M. Paramio
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.G.-G.); (J.P.A.); (A.P.); (A.M.-G.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (J.M.P.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa A. García-Fernández
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Facultad de Veterinaria, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - M. Llanos Casanova
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.G.-G.); (J.P.A.); (A.P.); (A.M.-G.); (M.N.); (A.T.); (J.M.P.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Alameda JP, García-García VA, López S, Hernando A, Page A, Navarro M, Moreno-Maldonado R, Paramio JM, Ramírez Á, García-Fernández RA, Casanova ML. CYLD Inhibits the Development of Skin Squamous Cell Tumors in Immunocompetent Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6736. [PMID: 34201751 PMCID: PMC8268443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cylindromatosis (CYLD) is a deubiquitinase (DUB) enzyme that was initially characterized as a tumor suppressor of adnexal skin tumors in patients with CYLD syndrome. Later, it was also shown that the expression of functionally inactive mutated forms of CYLD promoted tumor development and progression of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). However, the ability of wild-type CYLD to inhibit skin tumorigenesis in vivo in immunocompetent mice has not been proved. Herein, we generated transgenic mice that express the wild type form of CYLD under the control of the keratin 5 (K5) promoter (K5-CYLDwt mice) and analyzed the skin properties of these transgenic mice by WB and immunohistochemistry, studied the survival and proliferating characteristics of primary keratinocytes, and performed chemical skin carcinogenesis experiments. As a result, we found a reduced activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in the skin of K5-CYLDwt mice in response to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); accordingly, when subjected to insults, K5-CYLDwt keratinocytes are prone to apoptosis and are protected from excessive hyperproliferation. Skin carcinogenesis assays showed inhibition of tumor development in K5-CYLDwt mice. As a mechanism of this tumor suppressor activity, we found that a moderate increase in CYLD expression levels reduced NF-κB activation, which favored the differentiation of tumor epidermal cells and inhibited its proliferation; moreover, it decreased tumor angiogenesis and inflammation. Altogether, our results suggest that increased levels of CYLD may be useful for anti-skin cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa P. Alameda
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica A. García-García
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia López
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Facultad de Veterinaria, UCM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.L.); (R.A.G.-F.)
| | - Ana Hernando
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Bionomous Sàrl, PFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment, FCH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Angustias Page
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Navarro
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Moreno-Maldonado
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Bio-innova Consulting, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Paramio
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Ramírez
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa A. García-Fernández
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Facultad de Veterinaria, UCM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.L.); (R.A.G.-F.)
| | - María Llanos Casanova
- Molecular and Translational Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.P.A.); (V.A.G.-G.); (A.H.); (A.P.); (M.N.); (R.M.-M.); (J.M.P.); (Á.R.)
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Morgan D, Garg M, Tergaonkar V, Tan SY, Sethi G. Pharmacological significance of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway in tumorigenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188449. [PMID: 33058996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the impact of the non-canonical NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) pathway in several human diseases including autoimmune, inflammatory and cancers has been on the rise. This pathway induces the expression of several important genes involved in diverse biological processes. Though progress has been made in understanding the activation, regulation and biological functions of the non-canonical NF-κB signaling mechanism, no specific drug has been approved to target NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK), the key signaling molecule in this pathway. The inhibition of NIK can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for various ailments, especially for the treatment of different types of human cancers. There are other targetable downstream molecules in this pathway as well. This review highlights the possible role of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway in normal physiology as well as in different cancers and discusses about various pharmacological strategies to modulate the activation of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhakshayini Morgan
- Laboratory of NF-κB Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, 138673, Singapore; Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119 074, Singapore
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NF-κB Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, 138673, Singapore; Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119 074, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
| | - Soo Yong Tan
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119 074, Singapore; Advanced Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Dr, 138673, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117 600, Singapore.
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4
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Moser U, Andrianakis A, Pondorfer P, Wolf A, Graupp M, Weiland T, Holzmeister C, Wild D, Thurnher D. Sex-specific differences in patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer of the pinna. Head Neck 2020; 42:2414-2420. [PMID: 32369257 PMCID: PMC7496743 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Generally, it is known that men are affected more frequently by nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) than women. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of sex on the characteristics of NMSCs of the pinna at the population that our center serves and to compare it with the international data. Methods We analyzed retrospectively the data of 225 patients with NMSC of the pinna. Sex‐specific differences were investigated for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) subgroups. Results The ratio of BCC to cSCC was determined in male patients at 1:1.3, in contrast in females it was identified at 4:1 (P = .001). Conclusion In our study, a new aspect of the sex‐dependent distribution of cSCC and BCC of the pinna was demonstrated. Women are affected four times more frequently by BCC than by cSCC, whereas in men this ratio is approximately equal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Moser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexandros Andrianakis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Prisca Pondorfer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Axel Wolf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Graupp
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Weiland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Clemens Holzmeister
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dominik Wild
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Schwestern Ried, Ried im Innkreis, Austria
| | - Dietmar Thurnher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Lv S, Wang F, Wang K, Fan Y, Xu J, Zheng J, Zeng Y. IκB kinase α: an independent prognostic factor that promotes the migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 58:296-303. [PMID: 31859105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IκB kinase α (IKKα) is associated with tumourigenesis, metastasis, and poor prognosis. However, its expression and function in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remain unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinicopathological associations and functions of IKKα in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We made an immunohistochemical analysis of IKKα in 94 tissue microarrays of specimens of oral SCC. We also examined IKKα expression in the patients' samples by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), as well as the migration, invasion, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity of the cells under IKKα knockdown treatment. In oral SCC, immunostaining for IKKα was found in 60 of the 94 patients, and it correlated with lymph node status and poor prognosis. Univariate and multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazards model identified that IKKα expression was an independent predictor of distant- disease-free survival (p<0.05) and overall survival in oral SCC (p<0.05). Knocking down IKKα suppressed cell migration and invasion in oral SCC cells. Our results indicate that IKKα has an important role in promoting oral SCC, and it may be a useful biomarker and therapeutic target for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lv
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - F Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - K Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Y Fan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - J Xu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - J Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Y Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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6
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Page A, Ortega A, Alameda JP, Navarro M, Paramio JM, Saiz-Pardo M, Almeida EI, Hernández P, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, García-Fernández RA, Casanova ML. IKKα Promotes the Progression and Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Independently of its Subcellular Localization. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:251-262. [PMID: 30867890 PMCID: PMC6396199 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading worldwide cause of cancer mortality, however, neither curative treatments nor substantial prolonged survival has been achieved, highlighting the need for investigating new proteins responsible for its development and progression. IKKα is an essential protein for cell survival and differentiation, which expression is enhanced in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and correlates with poor patient survival, appearing as a relevant molecule in lung cancer progression. However, there are not conclusive results about its role in this type of cancer. We have recently found that IKKα performs different functions and activates different signaling pathways depending on its nuclear or cytoplasmic localization in tumor epidermal cells. In this work, we have studied the involvement of IKKα in lung cancer progression through the generation of lung cancer cell lines expressing exogenous IKKα either in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm. We demonstrate that IKKα signaling promotes increased cell malignancy of NSCLC cells as well as lung tumor progression and metastasis in either subcellular localization, through activation of common protumoral proteins, such as Erk, p38 and mTor. But, additionally, we found that depending on its subcellular localization, IKKα has non-overlapping roles in the activation of other different pathways known for their key implication in lung cancer progression: while cytoplasmic IKKα increases EGFR and NF-κB activities in lung tumor cells, nuclear IKKα causes lung tumor progression through c-Myc, Smad2/3 and Snail activation. These results suggest that IKKα may be a promising target for intervention in human NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angustias Page
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Alba Ortega
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Josefa P Alameda
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Manuel Navarro
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Jesús M Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Melchor Saiz-Pardo
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clínico San Carlos; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, UCM; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Edilia I Almeida
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Pilar Hernández
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M Jesús Fernández-Aceñero
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clínico San Carlos; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, UCM; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Rosa A García-Fernández
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Facultad de Veterinaria, UCM, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M Llanos Casanova
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid 28040, Spain
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7
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Alameda JP, Ramírez Á, García-Fernández RA, Navarro M, Page A, Segovia JC, Sanchez R, Suárez-Cabrera C, Paramio JM, Bravo A, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Casanova ML. Premature aging and cancer development in transgenic mice lacking functional CYLD. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:127-159. [PMID: 30631004 PMCID: PMC6339805 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CYLD is a deubiquitinating enzyme known for its role as a tumor suppressor whose mutation leads to skin appendages tumors and other cancers. In this manuscript we report that the tumor suppressor CYLD, similarly to other renowned tumor suppressor genes, protects from premature aging and cancer. We have generated transgenic mice expressing the mutant CYLDC/S protein, lacking its deubiquitinase function, under the control of the keratin 5 promoter, the K5-CYLDC/S mice. These mice express the transgene in different organs, including those considered to be more susceptible to aging, such as skin and thymus. Our results show that K5-CYLDC/S mice exhibit epidermal, hair follicle, and sebaceous gland alterations; and, importantly, they show signs of premature aging from an early age. Typically, 3-month-old K5-CYLDC/S mice exhibit a phenotype characterized by alopecia and kyphosis, and, the histological examination reveals that transgenic mice show signs of accelerated aging in numerous organs such as skin, thymus, pancreas, liver and lung. Additionally, they spontaneously develop tumors of diverse origin. Over-activation of the NF-κB pathway, along with hyperactivation of Akt, JNK and c-Myc, and chronic inflammation, appear as the mechanisms responsible for the premature aging of the K5-CYLDC/S mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa P. Alameda
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Ramírez
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Navarro
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angustias Page
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José C. Segovia
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, CIEMAT/CIBERER/II-FJD, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sanchez
- Division of Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies, CIEMAT/CIBERER/II-FJD, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Suárez-Cabrera
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Bravo
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - M. Jesús Fernández-Aceñero
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC),
28040 Madrid, España
| | - M. Llanos Casanova
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)/CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Göktuna SI, Diamanti MA, Chau TL. IKK
s and tumor cell plasticity. FEBS J 2018; 285:2161-2181. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serkan I. Göktuna
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
- National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM) Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
| | - Michaela A. Diamanti
- Georg‐Speyer‐Haus Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Tieu Lan Chau
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
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9
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Alameda JP, Navarro M, Ramírez Á, Page A, Suárez-Cabrera C, Moreno-Maldonado R, Paramio JM, del Carmen Fariña M, Del Río M, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Bravo A, de Los Llanos Casanova M. IKKα regulates the stratification and differentiation of the epidermis: implications for skin cancer development. Oncotarget 2018; 7:76779-76792. [PMID: 28881859 PMCID: PMC5363549 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IKKα plays a mandatory role in keratinocyte differentiation and exerts an important task in non-melanoma skin cancer development. However, it is not fully understood how IKKα exerts these functions. To analyze in detail the role of IKKα in epidermal stratification and differentiation, we have generated tridimensional (3D) cultures of human HaCaT keratinocytes and fibroblasts in fibrin gels, obtaining human skin equivalents that comprise an epidermal and a dermal compartments that resembles both the structure and differentiation of normal human skin. We have found that IKKα expression must be strictly regulated in epidermis, as alterations in its levels lead to histological defects and promote the development of malignant features. Specifically, we have found that the augmented expression of IKKα results in increased proliferation and clonogenicity of human keratinocytes, and leads to an accelerated and altered differentiation, augmented ability of invasive growth, induction of the expression of oncogenic proteins (Podoplanin, Snail, Cyclin D1) and increased extracellular matrix proteolytic activity. All these characteristics make keratinocytes overexpressing IKKα to be at a higher risk of developing skin cancer. Comparison of genetic profile obtained by analysis of microarrays of RNA of skin equivalents from both genotypes supports the above described findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa P Alameda
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Investigation University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Navarro
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Investigation University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Ramírez
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Investigation University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - Angustias Page
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Investigation University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Suárez-Cabrera
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Investigation University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jesús M Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Investigation University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marcela Del Río
- Epithelial Biomedicine Division, CIEMAT-CIBERER (U714), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Bioengineering, Carlos III University (UC3M), Leganés, Madrid, Spain.,Cátedra Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD) of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Bioengineer, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Bravo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - María de Los Llanos Casanova
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Investigation University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
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10
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Colomer C, Marruecos L, Vert A, Bigas A, Espinosa L. NF-κB Members Left Home: NF-κB-Independent Roles in Cancer. Biomedicines 2017; 5:biomedicines5020026. [PMID: 28587092 PMCID: PMC5489812 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has been long considered a master regulator of inflammation and immune responses. Additionally, aberrant NF-κB signaling has been linked with carcinogenesis in many types of cancer. In recent years, the study of NF-κB members in NF-κB unrelated pathways provided novel attractive targets for cancer therapy, specifically linked to particular pathologic responses. Here we review specific functions of IκB kinase complexes (IKKs) and IκBs, which have distinctly tumor promoting or suppressing activities in cancer. Understanding how these proteins are regulated in a tumor-related context will provide new opportunities for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Colomer
- Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, CIBERONC. Institut Hospital del Mar Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Laura Marruecos
- Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, CIBERONC. Institut Hospital del Mar Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Vert
- Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, CIBERONC. Institut Hospital del Mar Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Bigas
- Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, CIBERONC. Institut Hospital del Mar Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Lluis Espinosa
- Stem Cells and Cancer Research Laboratory, CIBERONC. Institut Hospital del Mar Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Yang Z, Wang XL, Bai R, Liu WY, Li X, Liu M, Tang H. miR-23a promotes IKKα expression but suppresses ST7L expression to contribute to the malignancy of epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:731-40. [PMID: 27537390 PMCID: PMC5023779 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been found in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the role and mechanism of action of miR-23a in EOC remain unclear. METHODS The roles of miR-23a, IKKα, and ST7L in EOC were determined by MTT, colony formation, wounding healing, transwell, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and western blotting experiments. miR-23a target genes were validated by EGFP reporter assays, RT-qPCR, and western blotting analysis. RESULTS miR-23a is upregulated and promotes tumorigenic activity by facilitating the progress of cell cycle and EMT and repressing apoptosis in EOC cells. miR-23a enhances the expression of IKKα but suppresses the expression of ST7L by binding the 3'UTR of each transcript in EOC cells. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of EOC cells are increased by IKKα and inhibited by ST7L. Furthermore, miR-23a activates NF-κB by upregulating IKKα and WNT/MAPK pathway by downregulating ST7L. CONCLUSIONS miR-23a functions as an oncogene by targeting IKKα and ST7L, thus contributing to the malignancy of EOC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang-ling Wang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ru Bai
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wei-ying Liu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Liu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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