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Hansen CE, Springstubbe D, Müller S, Petkovic S. Directed Circularization of a Short RNA. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2765:209-226. [PMID: 38381342 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3678-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Basic research and functional analyses of circular RNA (circRNA) have been limited by challenges in circRNA formation of desired length and sequence in adequate yields. Nowadays, circular RNA can be obtained using enzymatic, "ribozymatic," or modulated splice events. However, there are few records for the directed circularization of RNA. Here, we present a proof of principle for an affordable and efficient RNA-based system for the controlled synthesis of circRNA with a physiological 3',5'-phosphodiester conjunction. The engineered hairpin ribozyme variant circular ribozyme 3 (CRZ-3) performs self-cleavage poorly. We designed an activator-polyamine complex to complete cleavage as a prerequisite for subsequent circularization. The developed protocol allows synthesizing circRNA without external enzymatic assistance and adds a controllable way of circularization to the existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabine Müller
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sonja Petkovic
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany.
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2
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Feng Z, Zhang T, Cheng S, Yin X, Zhou Y. CircGFPT1 regulates the growth and apoptosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through miR-142-5p/HAX1 axis. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 72:41-54. [PMID: 37455293 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-023-01955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, multiple circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been verified to act as essential regulators in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, there is no study regarding the role of circGFPT1 in the progression of cancers including ESCC. We aimed to investigate the role of circGFPT1 in ESCC progression. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was utilized to measure the expression of circGFPT1, miR-142-5p and HS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX1). 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays were employed to evaluate cell proliferation. Cell migration and invasion were detected by wound-healing and transwell assays. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to assess cell apoptosis. The protein expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, C-caspase3, HAX1 and nuclear proliferation marker (Ki67) was analyzed by western blot or immunohistochemistry assay. RESULTS CircGFPT1 was up-regulated in ESCC tissues and cells. Silencing of circGFPT1 repressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in ESCC cells. CircGFPT1 acted as a sponge of miR-142-5p. The effects of circGFPT1 knockdown on ESCC cell proliferation and apoptosis were reversed by miR-142-5p inhibition. HAX1 was confirmed to be a target gene of miR-142-5p. CircGFPT1 knockdown inhibited HAX1 expression by targeting miR-142-5p. Additionally, circGFPT1 knockdown hampered tumorigenesis in vivo. CONCLUSION CircGFPT1 promoted ESCC cell growth and repressed apoptosis by up-regulating HAX1 through sponging miR-142-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, No. 1, Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xi'an City, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, No. 1, Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xi'an City, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaoyi Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, No. 1, Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xi'an City, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xunliang Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, No. 1, Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xi'an City, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongan Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, No. 1, Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xi'an City, 710000, Shaanxi, China.
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Derakhshan Z, Bahmanpour S, Alaee S, Fallahi J, Tabei SMB. The Role of Circular RNAs in Male Infertility and Reproductive Cancers: A Narrative Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:527-541. [PMID: 38094281 PMCID: PMC10715113 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2022.95302.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Infertility is a global health problem affecting about 15% of all couples, of which 50% are due to male infertility. Although the etiology of infertility is known in most infertile men, idiopathic male infertility remains a challenge. Therefore, there is a need for novel diagnostic methods to detect the underlying mechanisms and develop appropriate therapies. Recent studies have focused on the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in male infertility. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs), a type of ncRNAs, are found to play a key role in the development of some pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers, autoimmune diseases, etc. Several studies have reported the presence of CircRNAs and their target genes in the human reproductive system. In addition, their expression in testicular tissues, sperm cells, and seminal fluid has been identified. Abnormal expression of CircRNAs has been associated with azoospermia and asthenozoospermia in infertile men. The present narrative review provides a brief description of the role of CircRNAs in spermatogenic cells, male infertility, and reproductive cancers. In addition, some CircRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for disease detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Derakhshan
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soghra Bahmanpour
- Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, School of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Alaee
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jafar Fallahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Karimi F, Azadbakht O, Veisi A, Sabaghan M, Owjfard M, Kharazinejad E, Dinarvand N. Liquid biopsy in ovarian cancer: advantages and limitations for prognosis and diagnosis. Med Oncol 2023; 40:265. [PMID: 37561363 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly fatal gynecologic malignancy, often diagnosed at an advanced stage which presents significant challenges for disease management. The clinical application of conventional tissue biopsy methods and serological biomarkers has limitations for the diagnosis and prognosis of OC patients. Liquid biopsy is a novel sampling method that involves analyzing distinctive tumor elements secreted into the peripheral blood. Growing evidence suggests that liquid biopsy methods such as circulating tumor cells, cell-free RNA, circulating tumor DNA, exosomes, and tumor-educated platelets may improve early prognosis and diagnosis of OC, leading to enhanced therapeutic management of the disease. This study reviewed the evidence demonstrating the utility of liquid biopsy components in OC prognosis and diagnosis, and evaluated the current advantages and limitations of these methods. Additionally, the existing obstacles and crucial topics for future studies utilizing liquid biopsy in OC patients were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Karimi
- Department of Physiology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Omid Azadbakht
- Department of Radiology Technology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Ali Veisi
- Department of Physiology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sabaghan
- Department of Parasitology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Owjfard
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Shiraz University of Applied Science and Technology (UAST), Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Negar Dinarvand
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Galardi A, Colletti M, Palma A, Di Giannatale A. An Update on Circular RNA in Pediatric Cancers. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010036. [PMID: 36672544 PMCID: PMC9856195 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded closed noncoding RNA molecules which are formed as a result of reverse splicing of mRNAs. Despite their relative abundance, only recently there appeared an increased interest in the understanding of their regulatory importance. Among their most relevant characteristics are high stability, abundance and evolutionary conservation among species. CircRNAs are implicated in several cellular functions, ranging from miRNA and protein sponges to transcriptional modulation and splicing. Additionally, circRNAs' aberrant expression in pathological conditions is bringing to light their possible use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Their use as indicator molecules of pathological changes is also supported by their peculiar covalent closed cyclic structure which bestows resistance to RNases. Their regulatory role in cancer pathogenesis and metastasis is supported by studies involving human tumors that have investigated different expression profiles of these molecules. As endogenous competitive RNA, circRNAs can regulate tumor proliferation and invasion and they arouse great consideration as potential therapeutic biomarkers and targets for cancer. In this review, we describe the most recent findings on circRNAs in the most common pediatric solid cancers (such as brain tumors, neuroblastomas, and sarcomas) and in more rare ones (such as Wilms tumors, hepatoblastomas, and retinoblastomas).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Galardi
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Colletti
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palma
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Zhang J, Wang C, Jia C, Zhang Y, Qing X, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu S, Pan Z. The Role of Circular RNAs in the Physiology and Pathology of the Mammalian Ovary. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315204. [PMID: 36499522 PMCID: PMC9737273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an abundant class of endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) generated from exonic, intronic, or untranslated regions of protein-coding genes or intergenic regions. The diverse, stable, and specific expression patterns of circRNAs and their possible functions through cis/trans regulation and protein-coding mechanisms make circRNA a research hotspot in various biological and pathological processes. It also shows practical value as biomarkers, diagnostic indicators, and therapeutic targets. This review summarized the characteristics, classification, biogenesis and elimination, detection and confirmation, and functions of circRNAs. We focused on research advances circRNAs in the mammalian ovary under conditions including ovarian cancer, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and maternal aging, as well as during reproductive status, including ovarian follicle development and atresia. The roles of circRNAs in high reproductive traits in domestic animals were also summarized. Finally, we outlined some obstructive factors and prospects to work with circRNA, aiming to provide insights into the functional research interests of circRNAs in the reproduction and gynecology areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chao Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinxin Qing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuge Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingge Liu
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China
| | - Shiyong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China
| | - Zengxiang Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13813991421
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The role of circular RNAs in the pathophysiology of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:109-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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CircRNAs in Tumor Radioresistance. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111586. [DOI: 10.3390/biom12111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding RNAs, which are derived from host genes that are present in several species and can be involved in the progression of various diseases. circRNAs’ leading role is to act as RNA sponges. In recent years, the other roles of circRNAs have been discovered, such as regulating transcription and translation, regulating host genes, and even being translated into proteins. As some tumor cells are no longer radiosensitive, tumor radioresistance has since become a challenge in treating tumors. In recent years, circRNAs are differentially expressed in tumor cells and can be used as biological markers of tumors. In addition, circRNAs can regulate the radiosensitivity of tumors. Here, we list the mechanisms of circRNAs in glioma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer; further, these studies also provide new ideas for the purposes of eliminating radioresistance in tumors.
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Circ_0061140 Contributes to Ovarian Cancer Progression by Targeting miR-761/LETM1 Signaling. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:628-650. [PMID: 36056285 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10277-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important regulatory roles in cancer progression. Previous evidence exhibited the aberrant upregulation of circ_0061140 in ovarian cancer. However, the detailed role of circ_0061140 in ovarian cancer progression and its associated mechanism remain largely unknown and need further exploration. The expression of circ_0061140, microRNA-761 (miR-761) and leucine zipper and EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) was checked by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or western blot. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, wound healing, transwell, and tube formation assays were conducted to assess cell functions. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were performed to confirm the interaction between miR-761 and circ_0061140 or LETM1. Xenograft tumor model was established to analyze the role of circ_0061140 in tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0061140 expression was notably up-regulated in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. Circ_0061140 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis and triggered the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Circ_0061140 directly interacted with miR-761, and circ_0061140 silencing-mediated anti-tumor effects were partly abolished by miR-761 knockdown in ovarian cancer cells. LETM1 was a direct target of miR-761, and LETM1 overexpression partly counteracted miR-761-induced anti-tumor effects. Circ_0061140 could up-regulate LETM1 expression by sponging miR-761. Circ_0061140 knockdown significantly suppressed xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0061140 aggravated ovarian cancer progression through miR-761-dependent regulation of LETM1.
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Najafi S. The emerging roles and potential applications of circular RNAs in ovarian cancer: a comprehensive review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2211-2234. [PMID: 36053324 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is among the most common human malignancies and the first cause of deaths among gynecologic cancers. Early diagnosis can help improving prognosis in those patients, and accordingly exploring novel molecular mechanisms may lead to find therapeutic targets. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) comprise a group of non-coding RNAs in multicellular organisms, which are identified with characteristic circular structure. CircRNAs have been found with substantial functions in regulating gene expression through interacting with RNA-binding proteins, targeting microRNAs, and transcriptional regulation. They have been found to be involved in regulating several critical processes such as cell growth, and death, organ development, signal transduction, and tumorigenesis. Accordingly, circRNAs have been implicated in a number of human diseases including malignancies. They are particularly reported to contribute to several hallmarks of cancer leading to cancer development and progression, although a number also are described with tumor-suppressor function. In OC, circRNAs are linked to regulation of cell growth, invasiveness, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. Notably, clinical studies also have shown potentials in diagnosis, prediction of prognosis, and therapeutic targets for OC. In this review, I have an overview to the putative mechanisms, and functions of circRNAs in regulating OC pathogenesis in addition to their clinical potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Circ_001042 Inhibits TGF-β1/P38 MAPK Signaling Axis-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7890490. [PMID: 35966723 PMCID: PMC9371840 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7890490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the role and molecular mechanism of circ_001042 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods The expression level of circ_001042 and linear RNA MRPS35 in cells and clinical tissues was detected by real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of circ_001042 and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in LUAD cells was elevated by the respective transfection of overexpression vectors OE-circ_001042 and TGF-β1; MTT and transwell assays were applied to test the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of cells, respectively. The E-cadherin expression level in the cells was assessed by immunofluorescence staining, and western blot was utilized to determine the expression level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and TGF-β1/P38 MAPK signaling axis-related proteins in the cells. Results Circ_001042 was significantly downregulated in LUAD tissues and cells, and high circ_001042 expression could inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of LUAD cells. In addition, circ_001042 also inhibited the EMT process (the E-cadherin level was upregulated; and the levels of N-cadherin, vimentin, and Snail were downregulated) and TGF-β1/P38 MAPK signaling axis activity in LUAD cells. Moreover, circ_001042 could suppress the promotion of TGF-β1 on the proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT process of LUAD cells and the activation of TGF-β1/P38 MAPK signaling axis. Conclusion By inhibiting TGF-β1, circ_001042 not only suppresses the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of LUAD but also inhibits the activation of TGF-β1/P38 MAPK signaling axis. Therefore, circ_001042 can act as a potential target for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of LUAD.
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circRPPH1_025 Overexpression Promotes Migration and Invasion of Glioblastoma Multiforme. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4764028. [PMID: 35928926 PMCID: PMC9345728 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4764028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the effect of circ_0000512 (circRPPH1_025) on the tumorigensis and development of glioblastoma and its molecular mechanism. Methods The expression levels of circ_0000512 in normal astrocytes (NHA) and human glioblastoma cell lines (U87, U251, and A172) and the expression levels of circ_0000512 and linear RNA RPPH1 in U87 cells after RNase R treatment were detected by qRT-PCR. The effects of circ_0000512 knockdown or overexpression on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of U87 cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, cell colony formation assay, transwell invasion assay, wound healing assay, and western blot. Results The expression of circ_0000512 was upregulated in glioblastoma cells, and the overexpression of circ_0000512 was beneficial to the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of U87 cells, while knockdown of circ_0000512 showed the opposite results. Conclusion circ_0000512 can be used as a potential target for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of glioblastoma multiforme.
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Dai Y, Zhu Y, Xu H. circ_0004872 inhibits proliferation, invasion, and glycolysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by sponged miR-424-5p. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24486. [PMID: 35576499 PMCID: PMC9280002 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common oral malignant tumors. circ_0004872 can inhibit the progression of gastric cancer, but its effect on the growth and metastasis of OSCC is still unclear. Methods qRT‐PCR was used to detect the expression levels of circ_0004872 and miR‐424‐5p in cancer tissues of OSCC patients and adjacent normal tissues, OSCC cell lines, and human normal oral keratinocytes (HOK). CCK‐8, cell colony formation, flow cytometry, and transwell assay were used to detect cell proliferation rate, viability, apoptosis rate, and invasion ability. Use glucose/lactic acid kit to assay cell glycolysis ability. The dual‐luciferase reporter gene experiment and RIP experiment verified the relationship between circ_0004872 and miR‐424‐5p. The protein levels were examined by Western blot. Results The expression of circ_0004872 was significantly downregulated in OSCC tissues and cells, and the overexpression of circ_0004872 inhibited the proliferation, vitality, invasion, and glycolysis of OSCC cells, and promoted apoptosis. The expression of miR‐424‐5p was greatly upregulated in OSCC tissues and OSCC cells. circ_0004872 can adsorb miR‐424‐5p in OSCC cells, and circ_0004872 can reverse the promoting effect of miR‐424‐5p overexpression on the process of OSCC cells. Conclusion circ_0004872 suppresses the proliferation, invasion, and glycolysis of OSCC cells by sponged miR‐424‐5p, and promotes apoptosis, which can be used as a potential target for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Dai
- Department of General Emergency, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.,The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.,Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yalin Zhu
- Department of General Emergency, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.,The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.,Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Houyi Xu
- Department of General Emergency, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.,The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.,Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Zhu JW, Charkhchi P, Akbari MR. Potential clinical utility of liquid biopsies in ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:114. [PMID: 35545786 PMCID: PMC9092780 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide. One of the main challenges in the management of OC is the late clinical presentation of disease that results in poor survival. Conventional tissue biopsy methods and serological biomarkers such as CA-125 have limited clinical applications. Liquid biopsy is a novel sampling method that analyzes distinctive tumour components released into the peripheral circulation, including circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumour cells (CTCs), cell-free RNA (cfRNA), tumour-educated platelets (TEPs) and exosomes. Increasing evidence suggests that liquid biopsy could enhance the clinical management of OC by improving early diagnosis, predicting prognosis, detecting recurrence, and monitoring response to treatment. Capturing the unique tumour genetic landscape can also guide treatment decisions and the selection of appropriate targeted therapies. Key advantages of liquid biopsy include its non-invasive nature and feasibility, which allow for serial sampling and longitudinal monitoring of dynamic tumour changes over time. In this review, we outline the evidence for the clinical utility of each liquid biopsy component and review the advantages and current limitations of applying liquid biopsy in managing ovarian cancer. We also highlight future directions considering the current challenges and explore areas where more studies are warranted to elucidate its emerging clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wei Zhu
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Parsa Charkhchi
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Mohammad R Akbari
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Luo N, Sulaiman Z, Wang C, Ding J, Chen Y, Liu B, Cheng Z, Liu S. Hsa_circ_0000497 and hsa_circ_0000918 contributed to peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer via ascites. J Transl Med 2022; 20:201. [PMID: 35538537 PMCID: PMC9092689 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE As a common complication of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), malignant ascites contributes to the peritoneal metastasis of EOC. CircRNAs play essential roles in tumor metastasis. However, no circRNAs have been reported to be involved in EOC peritoneal metastasis via ascites. METHODS Total of 22 samples from 9 EOC patients containing primary lesions (T), tumor cells from ascites (ASC), and metastatic lesions (M) were included for RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed circRNAs and mRNAs among different tumors. Bioinformatic analyses, including single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and soft cluster analysis, were performed to find circRNAs potentially correlated with ascitic metastasis. Wound healing and transwell analysis were performed to evaluate tumor cells metastasis in vitro. Quantitative real-time PCR and western-blot were used for gene expression evaluation. RESULTS According to transcriptomic analysis, ASC showed mesenchymal phenotype while T and M showed epithelial phenotype. 10 circRNAs were differentially expressed among ASC, T, and M. Among them, hsa_circ_0000497 and hsa_circ_0000918 were significantly up-regulated in ASC. Functional analysis showed that both hsa_circ_0000497 and hsa_circ_0000918 promoted metastasis of EOC via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. The regulatory network construction identified 8 miRNAs and 19 mRNAs, and 7 miRNAs and 17 mRNAs as potential downstream target genes of hsa_circ_0000497 and hsa_circ_0000918, respectively, which may play pivotal roles in EOC ascitic metastasis. CONCLUSIONS circRNAs (hsa_circ_0000497 and hsa_circ_0000918) contribute to metastasis of EOC via ascites by regulating EMT. These circRNAs may serve as novel potential therapeutic targets or prognostic biomarkers for EOC peritoneal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zubaidan Sulaiman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jinye Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Biting Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhongping Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Shupeng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200060, China.
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16
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Non-Coding RNAs Regulate Spontaneous Abortion: A Global Network and System Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084214. [PMID: 35457031 PMCID: PMC9028476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous abortion is a common pregnancy complication that negatively impacts women’s health and commercial pig production. It has been demonstrated that non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is involved in SA by affecting cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), migration, and immune response. Over the last decade, research on ncRNAs in SA has primarily concentrated on micro RNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). In this review, we discuss recent ncRNA studies focused on the function and mechanism of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in regulating SA. Meanwhile, we suggest that a ceRNA regulatory network exists in the onset and development of SA. A deeper understanding of this network will accelerate the process of the quest for potential RNA markers for SA diagnosis and treatment.
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17
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Sharma AR, Banerjee S, Bhattacharya M, Saha A, Lee SS, Chakraborty C. Recent progress of circular RNAs in different types of human cancer: Technological landscape, clinical opportunities and challenges (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 60:56. [PMID: 35362541 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous non‑coding RNAs that have been recently regarded as functionally active. CircRNAs are remarkably stable and known to possess several biological functions such as microRNA sponging, regulating transcription and splicing and occasionally acting as polypeptide‑producing templates. CircRNAs show tissue‑specific expression and have been reported to be associated with the progression of several types of malignancies. Given the recent progress in genome sequencing and bioinformatics techniques, a rapid increment in the biological role of circRNAs has been observed. Concurrently, the patent search from different patent databases shows that the patent number of circRNA is increasing very quickly. These phenomena reveal a rapid development of the technological landscape. In the present review, the recent progress on circRNAs in various kinds of cancer has been investigated and their function as biomarkers or therapeutic targets and their technological landscape have been appreciated. A new insight into circRNAs structure and functional capabilities in cancer has been reviewed. Continually increasing knowledge on their critical role during cancer progression is projecting them as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for various kinds of cancer. Thus, recent updates on the functional role of circRNAs in terms of the technological landscape, clinical opportunities (biomarkers and therapeutic targets), and challenges in cancer have been illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University‑Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Shreya Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India
| | - Manojit Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, Odisha 756020, India
| | - Abinit Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University‑Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India
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18
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Zhang Q, Wu L, Liu SZ, Chen QJ, Zeng LP, Chen XZ, Zhang Q. Hsa_circ_0023990 Promotes Tumor Growth and Glycolysis in Dedifferentiated TC via Targeting miR-485-5p/FOXM1 Axis. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6355332. [PMID: 34414414 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the transformation to dedifferentiated thyroid cancer (TC) types, the ability of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) to concentrate radioactive iodine might be lost, raising difficulty for the current therapy. circRNAs were proved to be implicated in the progression of various cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional role and mechanism of hsa_circ_0023990 in dedifferentiated TC. METHODS The expression pattern of genes were detected using quantitative PCR or western blot assays. Cell proliferation was determined by CCK8, colony formation, EdU, and cell-cycle assays. Glycolysis was assessed using glucose uptake and lactate production assays. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to examine the interactions between miR-485-5p and hsa_circ_0023990 or FOXM1. Xenograft assay was allowed for observation of tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0023990 and FOXM1 were upregulated in dedifferentiated TC tissues and cell lines. The higher level of hsa_circ_0023900 could stimulate the proliferation and glycolysis of dedifferentiated TC cells via positively regulating FOXM1. Mechanistically, miR-485-5p was demonstrated to interact with hsa_circ_0023990 and FOXM1 and involved in the regulation of has_circ_0023990 and FOXM1 in TC biological processes. CONCLUSION Our results discovered the functional network of hsa_circ_0023990 in dedifferentiated TC development by facilitating cell proliferation and glycolysis via miR-485-5p/FOXM1 axis, implying that hsa_circ_0023990 might be a potential therapeutic target for the dedifferentiated TC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Lian Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Zheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Jie Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Peng Zeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Zhong Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
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19
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Liu QL, Zhang Z, Wei X, Zhou ZG. Noncoding RNAs in tumor metastasis: molecular and clinical perspectives. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6823-6850. [PMID: 34499209 PMCID: PMC11073083 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main culprit of cancer-associated mortality and involves a complex and multistage process termed the metastatic cascade, which requires tumor cells to detach from the primary site, intravasate, disseminate in the circulation, extravasate, adapt to the foreign microenvironment, and form organ-specific colonization. Each of these processes has been already studied extensively for molecular mechanisms focused mainly on protein-coding genes. Recently, increasing evidence is pointing towards RNAs without coding potential for proteins, referred to as non-coding RNAs, as regulators in shaping cellular activity. Since those first reports, the detection and characterization of non-coding RNA have explosively thrived and greatly enriched the understanding of the molecular regulatory networks in metastasis. Moreover, a comprehensive description of ncRNA dysregulation will provide new insights into novel tools for the early detection and treatment of metastatic cancer. In this review, we focus on discussion of the emerging role of ncRNAs in governing cancer metastasis and describe step by step how ncRNAs impinge on cancer metastasis. In particular, we highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of ncRNAs in metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Luo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zong-Guang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Wei X, Lv H, Yang S, Yang X. CircRNA PLOD2 enhances ovarian cancer propagation by controlling miR-378. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6260-6265. [PMID: 34759745 PMCID: PMC8568717 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been confirmed that circular RNA participates in tumorgenesis through a variety of ways, so it may be used as a molecular marker for tumor diagnosis and treatment. In this study, the expression of circ-LOPD2 in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The dual luciferase report was used to verify the target of circ-LOPD2, and the silencing and overexpression of circ-CSPP1 in cell lines was used to explore its relationship with miRNA-378. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 method, and the expression level of miRNA-378 was detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed that circ-LOPD2 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer (OC) tissues, circ-LOPD2 expression levels were higher in OVCAR3 and A2780, and circ-LOPD2 expression levels in CAOV3 were lower. After silencing circ-LOPD2, the growth ability of OVCAR3 and A2780 cells decreased, while overexpression of circ-LOPD2 led to the opposite result. We also found that miR-378 is a target of circ-LOPD2. Silencing circ-LOPD2 will increase the expression of miR-378, and overexpression of circ-LOPD2 will decrease the expression of miR-378. In summary, our results show that circ-LOPD2 as a miR-378 sponge promotes the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, which may in turn promote the development of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Wei
- Gynecological Department, Qingdao Women and Children 's Hospital, Qingdao University Affiliated Qingdao Women and Children 's Hospital, 266011 Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Lv
- Gynecological Department,Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University, 266042 Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Shaowen Yang
- Gynecological Department,Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University, 266042 Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Xiufeng Yang
- Gynecological Department,Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University, 266042 Qingdao, P. R. China
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21
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Luo Y, Gui R. Circulating exosomal circFoxp1 confers cisplatin resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. J Gynecol Oncol 2021; 31:e75. [PMID: 32808501 PMCID: PMC7440976 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Early detection and treatment are particularly important to epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Studies have shown that circular RNA (circRNA) dysregulation is associated with the proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. This study focused on the role of serum exosomal circular forkhead box protein P1 (circFoxp1) on survival outcome and cisplatin (DDP) resistance in patients with EOC. Methods Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, CCK-8, luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, tumor xenograft in nude mice, and bioinformatic analysis were performed. Results Circulating exosomal circFoxp1 was significantly increased in patients with EOC, especially in DDP-resistant EOC patients. circFoxp1 expression was positively associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, primary tumor size, lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis, residual tumor diameter, and clinical response. Exosomal circFoxp1 also was an independent factor predicting survival and disease recurrence in patients with EOC. Overexpression of circFoxp1 could promote cell proliferation and confer DDP resistance, while knockdown of circFoxp1 could inhibit cell proliferation and enhance DDP sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. In addition, miR-22 and miR-150-3p mimic treatment attenuated circFoxp1-meadiated DDP resistance, while miR-22 and miR-150-3p inhibitor treatment enhanced DDP resistance that mitigated by circFoxp1 knockdown. Furthermore, circFoxp1 positively regulated the expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein gamma (CEBPG) and formin like 3 (FMNL3) through miR-22 and miR-150-3p. Conclusions circFoxp1 is an oncogene in EOC cells and can confer DDP resistance to EOC cells. Circulating exosomal circFoxp1 can be used as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Luo
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Gui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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22
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Ma M, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Pan Z. circRNA-Mediated Inhibin-Activin Balance Regulation in Ovarian Granulosa Cell Apoptosis and Follicular Atresia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179113. [PMID: 34502034 PMCID: PMC8431694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cells (GC) play an essential role in the development and atresia of follicles. Emerging studies suggest that non-coding RNAs are involved in the regulation of GC apoptosis. Here, we aimed to analyze the function of ssc-circINHA-001, coded by the first exon of the inhibin subunit α gene (INHA), in resisting GC apoptosis and follicular atresia by enhancing the expression of the inhibin subunit β A (INHBA) through a cluster of miRNAs. A higher expression of ssc-circINHA-001 in healthy follicles compared to early atretic follicles was detected by qRT-PCR. Its circular structure was confirmed by RNase R treatment and reversed PCR. The function of ssc-circINHA-001 in GC resistance to apoptosis was detected by in vitro transfection of its si-RNA. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay suggested that ssc-circINHA-001 adsorbed three miRNAs, termed miR-214-5p, miR-7144-3p, and miR-9830-5p, which share the common target INHBA. A low expression of ssc-circINHA-001 increased the levels of the free miRNAs, inhibited INHBA expression, and thus raised GCs apoptosis through a shift from the secretion of activin to that of inhibin. Our study demonstrated the existence of a circRNA–microRNAs–INHBA regulatory axis in follicular GC apoptosis and provides insight into the relationship between circRNA function and its coding gene in inhibin/activin balance and ovarian physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.M.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Huiming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.M.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.M.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jinbi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingge Liu
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Zengxiang Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China; (M.M.); (H.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Harper KL, Mottram TJ, Whitehouse A. Insights into the Evolving Roles of Circular RNAs in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4180. [PMID: 34439334 PMCID: PMC8391132 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of RNAs transcribed from the human genome have no coding capacity and are termed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). It is now widely accepted that ncRNAs play key roles in cell regulation and disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a form of ncRNA, characterised by a closed loop structure with roles as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), protein interactors and transcriptional regulators. Functioning as key cellular regulators, dysregulated circRNAs have a significant impact on disease progression, particularly in cancer. Evidence is emerging of specific circRNAs having oncogenic or tumour suppressive properties. The multifaceted nature of circRNA function may additionally have merit as a novel therapeutic target, either in treatment or as a novel biomarker, due to their cell-and disease-state specific expression and long-term stability. This review aims to summarise current findings on how circRNAs are dysregulated in cancer, the effects this has on disease progression, and how circRNAs may be targeted or utilised as future potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adrian Whitehouse
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (K.L.H.); (T.J.M.)
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24
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Ma Y, Zheng L, Gao Y, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Xu Y. A Comprehensive Overview of circRNAs: Emerging Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutics in Gynecological Cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:709512. [PMID: 34368160 PMCID: PMC8335568 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.709512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a highly conserved, stable and abundant non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Also, some circRNAs play an essential part in the progression of human cancers. CircRNA is different from traditional linear RNA. CircRNA has a closed circular structure, so it is resistant to exonuclease-mediated degradation and is more stable than linear RNA. Numerous studies have found that many circRNAs can act as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge, interact with RNA-binding proteins, regulate gene transcription, affect alternative splicing and be translated into proteins. Recently, some studies have also indicated that circRNA participates in the progression of gynecological cancers. In addition, circRNA can act as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of gynecological tumors. Additionally, they can also play a key role in the prognosis of gynecological tumors. Furthermore, to our delight, circRNA may be a potential therapeutic target in gynecological cancers and widely used in clinical practice. This article reviews the functions and related molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in gynecological tumors, and discusses their potential as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic and therapeutic targets for gynecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianwen Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiyin Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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25
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Lv C, Sun W, Huang J, Qin Y, Ji X, Zhang H. Expression Profiles of Circular RNAs in Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on RNA Deep Sequencing. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3821-3832. [PMID: 34188490 PMCID: PMC8232851 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s316292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent type of thyroid cancer. Herein, we purposed to explore the expression patterns of circRNAs in PTC with the overarching goal of improving early diagnosis rates for individuals with PTC. Methods We used RNA deep sequencing to determine the expression patterns of circRNAs in PTC. Besides, RT-qPCR was employed to confirm circRNAs. The diagnostic potential of the circRNAs was explored by constructing ROC curves. GO along with KEGG pathway analyses were utilized to elucidate the potential biological roles of differentially expressed circRNAs. Moreover, we predicted cross talks among circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs, followed by establishment of a ceRNA network. Results Deep sequencing of four PTC pairs and neighboring nontumor tissues identified 16569 circRNAs, of which, 301 were upregulated and 419 were downregulated. The RT-qPCR data demonstrated that the expression of chr5: 38481299-38530666-, chr2: 159932176-159945082-, chr10: 179994-249088+, chr3: 121378716-121381532+, and chr1: 237423092-237445522+ was downregulated, while the expression of chr4: 25665378-25667298+, chr5: 161330883-161336769-, chr1: 12578718-12579412-, chr7: 116695750-116700284+, and chr7: 116699071-116700284+ was upregulated. The stability test exhibited that circRNAs were more tolerant to temperature, RNase R, and time. On the other hand, ROC curves illustrated that chr4: 25665378-25667298+, chr1: 12578718-12579412-, chr7: 116699071-116700284+, chr7: 116695750-116700284+, chr5: 161330883-161336769-, and chr10: 179994-249088+ were effective as diagnostic indicators. However, a logistic regression model combining the six indicators achieved a better combined prediction index, with 97.7% sensitivity and 95.3% specificity. Moreover, GO along with KEGG pathway analyses illustrated that differentially expressed circRNAs were linked to tumorigenesis. Furthermore, bioinformatics analyses established a promising ceRNAs network among mRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs. Conclusion Herein, we demonstrated that several circRNAs are promising PTC diagnostic biomarkers. Further study on the functions and mechanisms of these circRNAs may contribute to the understanding of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhou Lv
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapeng Huang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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26
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Liu B, Li H, Liu X, Li F, Chen W, Kuang Y, Zhao X, Li L, Yu B, Jin X, Li Q. CircZNF208 enhances the sensitivity to X-rays instead of carbon-ions through the miR-7-5p /SNCA signal axis in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110012. [PMID: 33892093 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely related to the regulation of gene expression during tumour development. However, the role of circRNAs in modulating the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells has not been explored. METHODS Transcriptome sequencing was used to explore the expression profiles of circRNAs in NSCLC. The expression level of circRNAs was changed by inducing instantaneous knockdown or overexpression. Changes in proliferation and radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells were investigated using CCK-8, EDU, and clonal survivals. RESULTS By analysing the circRNA expression profile of NSCLC cells, we found that circRNA ZNF208 (circZNF208) was significantly upregulated in a radioresistant NSCLC cell line (A549-R11), which was acquired from the parental NSCLC cell line A549. Knockout experiments indicated that circZNF208 enhanced the radiosensitivity of A549 and A549-R11 cells to X-rays. Mechanistically, circZNF208 upregulated SNCA expression by acting as a sponge of miR-7-5p and subsequently promoted the resistance of NSCLC cells to low linear energy transfer (LET) X-rays. However, this effect was not observed in NSCLC cells exposed to high-LET carbon ions. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of circZNF208 altered the radiosensitivity of patients with NSCLC to X-rays but did not significantly change the sensitivity to carbon ions. Therefore, circZNF208 might serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment with radiotherapy of different modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingtao Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiongxiong Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanbei Kuang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Linying Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Boyi Yu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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27
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Avilala J, Becnel D, Abdelghani R, Nanbo A, Kahn J, Li L, Lin Z. Role of Virally Encoded Circular RNAs in the Pathogenicity of Human Oncogenic Viruses. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:657036. [PMID: 33959113 PMCID: PMC8093803 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.657036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human oncogenic viruses are a group of important pathogens that etiologically contribute to at least 12% of total cancer cases in the world. As an emerging class of non-linear regulatory RNA molecules, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have gained increasing attention as a crucial player in the regulation of signaling pathways involved in viral infection and oncogenesis. With the assistance of current circRNA enrichment and detection technologies, numerous novel virally-encoded circRNAs (vcircRNAs) have been identified in the human oncogenic viruses, initiating an exciting new era of vcircRNA research. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the roles of vcircRNAs in the respective viral infection cycles and in virus-associated pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janardhan Avilala
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center and Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - David Becnel
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Ramsy Abdelghani
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Asuka Nanbo
- National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jacob Kahn
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center and Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Zhen Lin
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center and Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
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28
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Gao Q, Wang T, Pan L, Qian C, Wang J, Xin Q, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Xu Y, He X, Cao Y. Circular RNAs: Novel potential regulators in embryogenesis, female infertility, and pregnancy-related diseases. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7223-7241. [PMID: 33876837 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs with unique cyclic structures. Although they were previously considered as nonfunctional transcription byproducts, numerous studies have demonstrated that circRNAs regulate gene transcription and expression via different mechanisms. Reproductive health influences the quality of life and affects offspring propagation in women. CircRNAs have been found to modify pregnancy-related diseases, gynecologic cancers, polycystic ovary syndrome, aging, gamete, and embryo development. It's promising for circRNAs to be the novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for multiple reproductive diseases. With the widespread application of assisted reproduction technology (ART), it has been revealed that circRNA identification contributes to estimating the quality of gametes and embryos, reflecting the success rate of ART. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology has enabled the discovery of new roles of circRNAs. So far, the roles of circRNAs in the reproductive system remain poorly defined. In this review, we describe the classification and functions of circRNAs in embryogenesis and the female reproductive system diseases, revealing potential roles of circRNAs physiologically and pathologically. In so-doing, we provide ideas for developing circRNA-based therapeutic treatment and clinical application of various female reproductive system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tianjuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linxin Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Center for Scientific Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiong Xin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaojin He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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29
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Xue D, Han J, Liu Y, Tuo H, Peng Y. Current perspectives on exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (review). Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:279-290. [PMID: 33847207 PMCID: PMC8183537 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1898728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a malignant tumor, is poor. Tumor recurrence and metastasis are the major challenges for the treatment of HCC. Various studies have demonstrated that exosomes, which are loaded with various biomolecules including nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins are involved in the recurrence and metastasis of HCC. Additionally, exosomes mediate various biological processes, such as immune response, cell apoptosis, angiogenesis, thrombosis, autophagy, and intercellular signal transduction. In cancer, exosomes regulate cancer cell differentiation, development, and drug resistance. Circular RNAs, microRNAs, and proteins in the exosomes can serve as early diagnostic and prognostic markers for HCC. As exosomes are characterized by low immunogenicity and high stability in the tissues and circulation, they can be used to deliver the drugs in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jingzhao Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China.,Department of Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China.,Department of Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Hongfang Tuo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
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30
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Li X, Tian G, Wu J. Novel circGFRα1 Promotes Self-Renewal of Female Germline Stem Cells Mediated by m 6A Writer METTL14. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640402. [PMID: 33928080 PMCID: PMC8076159 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in the self-renewal of stem cells. However, their significance and regulatory mechanisms in female germline stem cells (FGSCs) are largely unknown. Here, we identified an N 6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified circRNA, circGFRα1, which is highly abundant in mouse ovary and stage-specifically expressed in mouse FGSC development. Knockdown of circGFRα1 in FGSCs significantly reduced their self-renewal. In contrast, overexpression of circGFRα1 enhanced FGSC self-renewal. Mechanistically, circGFRα1 promotes FGSC self-renewal by acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that sponges miR-449, leading to enhanced GFRα1 expression and activation of the glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) signaling pathway. Furthermore, circGFRα1 acts as a ceRNA based on METTL14-mediated cytoplasmic export through the GGACU motif. Our study should help to understand the mechanisms regulating germ cell development, add new evidence on the mechanism of action of circRNA, and deepen our understanding of the development of FGSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Li
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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31
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Karedath T, Al-Dasim FM, Ahmed I, Al-Qurashi A, Raza A, Andrews SS, Ahmed AA, Ali Mohamoud Y, Dermime S, Malek JA. Regulation of Circular RNA CircNFATC3 in Cancer Cells Alters Proliferation, Migration, and Oxidative Phosphorylation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:595156. [PMID: 33816459 PMCID: PMC8017239 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.595156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs were once considered artifacts of transcriptome sequencing but have recently been identified as functionally relevant in different types of cancer. Although there is still no clear main function of circRNAs, several studies have revealed that circRNAs are expressed in various eukaryotic organisms in a regulated manner often independent of their parental linear isoforms demonstrating conservation across species. circNFATC3, an abundant and uncharacterized circular RNA of exon 2 and 3 from NFATC3, was identified in transcriptomic data of solid tumors. Here we show that circNFATC3 gain- and loss-of-function experiments using RNAi-mediated circRNA silencing and circular mini vector-mediated overexpression of circularized constructs in breast and ovarian cancer cell lines affect molecular phenotypes. The knockdown of circNFATC3 induces a reduction in cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and oxidative phosphorylation. Gain-of-function of circNFATC3 in MDA-MB-231 and SK-OV-3 cells show a significant increase in cell proliferation, migration, and respiration. The above results suggest that circNFATC3 is a functionally relevant circular RNA in breast and ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thasni Karedath
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ikhlak Ahmed
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Afsheen Raza
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Said Dermime
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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32
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Xie W, Liu L, He C, Zhao M, Ni R, Zhang Z, Shui C. Circ_0002711 knockdown suppresses cell growth and aerobic glycolysis by modulating miR-1244/ROCK1 axis in ovarian cancer. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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33
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Nisar S, Bhat AA, Singh M, Karedath T, Rizwan A, Hashem S, Bagga P, Reddy R, Jamal F, Uddin S, Chand G, Bedognetti D, El-Rifai W, Frenneaux MP, Macha MA, Ahmed I, Haris M. Insights Into the Role of CircRNAs: Biogenesis, Characterization, Functional, and Clinical Impact in Human Malignancies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:617281. [PMID: 33614648 PMCID: PMC7894079 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.617281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved novel class of non-coding endogenous RNAs (ncRNAs) found in the eukaryotic transcriptome, originally believed to be aberrant RNA splicing by-products with decreased functionality. However, recent advances in high-throughput genomic technology have allowed circRNAs to be characterized in detail and revealed their role in controlling various biological and molecular processes, the most essential being gene regulation. Because of the structural stability, high expression, availability of microRNA (miRNA) binding sites and tissue-specific expression, circRNAs have become hot topic of research in RNA biology. Compared to the linear RNA, circRNAs are produced differentially by backsplicing exons or lariat introns from a pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) forming a covalently closed loop structure missing 3′ poly-(A) tail or 5′ cap, rendering them immune to exonuclease-mediated degradation. Emerging research has identified multifaceted roles of circRNAs as miRNA and RNA binding protein (RBP) sponges and transcription, translation, and splicing event regulators. CircRNAs have been involved in many human illnesses, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, due to their aberrant expression in different pathological conditions. The functional versatility exhibited by circRNAs enables them to serve as potential diagnostic or predictive biomarkers for various diseases. This review discusses the properties, characterization, profiling, and the diverse molecular mechanisms of circRNAs and their use as potential therapeutic targets in different human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Nisar
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (BRAIRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Arshi Rizwan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Puneet Bagga
- Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Farrukh Jamal
- Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gyan Chand
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunogenomics, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology (IUST), Pulwama, India
| | - Ikhlak Ahmed
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Zhang C, Ding R, Sun Y, Huo ST, He A, Wen C, Chen H, Du WW, Lai W, Wang H. Circular RNA in tumor metastasis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:1243-1257. [PMID: 33717646 PMCID: PMC7907675 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of endogenous non-coding RNA that were discovered to regulate gene expression through multiple pathways. Metastasis remains one of the biggest obstacles in cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on circRNAs involved in cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. We present recently identified tumor-related circRNAs and discuss their functioning in tumor progression and metastasis. These circRNAs are categorized into different functional mechanisms, including microRNA (miRNA) sponging, protein binding, regulation of host genes, translation of circRNAs, and exosomal circRNAs. Additionally, the indirect functions of circRNAs that regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - RongFang Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - YiCheng Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Si Tong Huo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Alina He
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Chang Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - HongHao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - William W Du
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - WeiNan Lai
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China 510515
| | - Huijun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China
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35
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Circular RNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 83:242-252. [PMID: 33434640 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded closed non-coding RNA molecules (ncRNAs), which are formed as a result of reverse splicing of mRNAs. Despite their relative abundance, an interest in understanding their regulatory importance is rather recent. High stability, abundance and evolutionary conservation among species underline some of their important traits. CircRNAs perform a variety of cellular functions ranging from miRNA and proteins sponges to transcriptional modulation and splicing. Additionally, most circRNAs are expressed aberrantly in pathological conditions suggesting their possible exploitation as diagnostic biomarkers. Their covalent closed cyclic structure resulting in resistance to RNases further makes them suitable as cancer biomarkers. Studies involving human tumors have verified differences in the expression profiles of circRNAs, indicating a regulatory role in cancer pathogenesis and metastasis. As endogenous competitive RNA, circRNAs can regulate tumor proliferation and invasion. Further, some circRNAs located in the nucleus can regulate transcription of genes by binding to RNA polymerase II. In this review, we elaborate the characteristics, functions and mechanisms of action of circRNAs in cancer. We also discuss the possibility of using circRNAs as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for cancer.
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36
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Guo M, Li S, Zhao X, Yuan Y, Zhang B, Guan Y. Knockdown of Circular RNA Hsa_circ_0000714 Can Regulate RAB17 by Sponging miR-370-3p to Reduce Paclitaxel Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Through CDK6/RB Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:13211-13224. [PMID: 33380810 PMCID: PMC7769200 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s285153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer has become an urgent clinical problem. This study investigated the regulatory effects of RAB17 on the non-coding RNA network of the paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cell A2780/PTX. Methods Microarray analysis was used to identify differentially expressed genes in paclitaxel-resistant cell A2780/PTX compared to the parent paclitaxel-sensitive cell A2780. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression of related mRNAs and proteins. The CCK8 assay was used to determine cell survival ratios and drug resistance indices in ovarian cancer cells. The clone forming assay was used to analyze the cell clone proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays evaluated the relationship between the genes. Results RAB17 is highly expressed in A2780/PTX cells. RAB17 knockdown increased the cell sensitivity to paclitaxel, inhibited proliferation, and caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase in A2780/PTX. Western blot confirmed that RAB17 influenced cell behavior by activating the CDK6/RB signaling pathway. Bioinformatics analyses identified RAB17 as a new target by the microRNA miR-370-3p, and the latter was predicted to interact with circular RNA hsa_circ_0000714. Hsa_circ_0000714 indeed acted as a miRNA sponge for miR-370-3p allowing its regulation of RAB17 expression. This regulation was accomplished through the CDK6/RB signaling pathway. Conclusion Hsa_circ_0000714 acts as a sponge for miR-370-3p, and regulates RAB17 expression through the CDK6/RB signaling pathway, which plays a role in the malignant progression of the paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cell A2780/PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifu Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
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Wei G, Zhu J, Hu HB, Liu JQ. Circular RNAs: Promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Gene 2020; 771:145365. [PMID: 33346098 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a group of non-coding RNA characterized by the presence of covalent bonds linking 3' and 5' ends, act as miRNA sponges to participate in the tumorigenesis. Being stable, conserved and cell- or tissue-specific, circRNAs have shown their potentials as molecular markers for cancer. Convenient and noninvasive approaches may be developed based on the roles of circRNAs to diagnose or predict the prognosis of tumors. Although most of the potential mechanisms are not entirely clear, circRNAs have shown a universal and critical role in regulating cellular processes of cancers. This review summarized the classification, formation, characteristics, detection, and biological functions of circRNAs. We proposed the possibility of using circRNAs as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohao Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Sparkfire Scientific Research Group, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Sparkfire Scientific Research Group, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Bo Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China.
| | - Jia-Qiang Liu
- Department of Oral and CranioMaxillofacial, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Li X, Song L, Wang B, Tao C, Shi L, Xu M. Circ0120816 acts as an oncogene of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting miR-1305 and releasing TXNRD1. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:526. [PMID: 33292234 PMCID: PMC7597039 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01617-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been discovered to participate in the carcinogenesis of multiple cancers. However, the role of circRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression is yet to be properly understood. This research aimed to investigate and understand the mechanism used by circRNAs to regulate ESCC progression. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was first performed to screen dysregulated circRNAs and differentially expressed genes in ESCC. The ESCC tissue samples and adjacent normal tissue samples utilized in this study were obtained from 36 ESCC patients. All the samples were subjected to qRT-PCR analysis to identify the expression of TXNRD1, circRNAs, and miR-1305. Luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay and RNA pull-down assay were later conducted to verify the existing relationship among circ0120816, miR-1305 and TXNRD1. CCK-8, BrdU, cell adhesion, cell cycle, western blot and caspase 3 activity assays were also employed to evaluate the regulation of these three biological molecules in ESCC carcinogenesis. To evaluate the effect of circ0120816 on ESCC tumor growth and metastasis, the xenograft mice model was constructed. RESULTS Experimental investigations revealed that circ0120816 was the highest upregulated circRNA in ESCC tissues and that this non-coding RNA acted as a miR-1305 sponge in enhancing cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion as well as repressing cell apoptosis in ESCC cell lines. Moreover, miR-1305 was observed to exert a tumor-suppressive effect in ESCC cells by directly targeting and repressing TXNRD1. It was also noticed that TXNRD1 could regulate cyclin, cell adhesion molecule, and apoptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, silencing circ0120816 was found to repress ESCC tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This research confirmed that circ0120816 played an active role in promoting ESCC development by targeting miR-1305 and upregulating oncogene TXNRD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Laichun Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Tao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
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Rajappa A, Banerjee S, Sharma V, Khandelia P. Circular RNAs: Emerging Role in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:577938. [PMID: 33195421 PMCID: PMC7655967 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.577938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are rapidly coming to the fore as major regulators of gene expression and cellular functions. They elicit their influence via a plethora of diverse molecular mechanisms. It is not surprising that aberrant circRNA expression is common in cancers and they have been implicated in multiple aspects of cancer pathophysiology such as apoptosis, invasion, migration, and proliferation. We summarize the emerging role of circRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Piyush Khandelia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
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Chao Chen, Jian YY, Zhao XY, Liu YL, Xie QK. The involvement of hsa_circ_0000417 in the development of hypospadias by regulating AR. Differentiation 2020; 116:9-15. [PMID: 33080410 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the urinary system in male children. However, the role of circRNA in congenital hypospadias remains unknown. METHODS Differentially expressed circRNAs and mRNAs were identified by RNA sequencing. GO and KEEG analysis were performed to uncover the key function and pathways. The interaction networks were constructed and analyzed by competing endogenous (ce)RNA analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expressions of androgen receptor (AR) and hsa_circ_0000417 in normal and hypospadias tissues. Further, the correlation between hsa_circ_0000417 and other clinical indicators were calculated. RESULTS Compared with normal foreskin tissues, 1329 circRNAs and 978 mRNAs were significantly upregulated, 3176 circRNAs and 614 mRNAs were significantly downregulated in hypospadias tissues, respectively. MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways play important roles in congenital hypospadias. The expression of AR and hsa_circ_0000417 in 68 hypospadias tissues was significantly lower than that in 68 normal foreskin tissues (P < 0.05). The expression of the AR, as analyzed using IHC, was consistent with the qPCR results. A significant correlation was noted between the expression of AR and hsa_circ_0000417 in 68 clinical samples (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression level of hsa_circ_0000417 was associated with the incidence of other diseases and the location of the hypospadias site (P < 0.05). Expression of hsa_circ_0000417 was significantly downregulated in hypospadias patients without other diseases (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Hsa_circ_0000417 may regulate the expression of AR, and the expression of hsa_circ_0000417 in normal foreskin tissues is associated with the occurrence of hypospadias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Yong-Yuan Jian
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiang-You Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yu-Ling Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qi-Ke Xie
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
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Zhang J, Ke S, Zheng W, Zhu Z, Wu Y. Hsa_circ_0003645 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Regulating miR-139-3p/HMGB1 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10361-10372. [PMID: 33116616 PMCID: PMC7568624 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s265796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expressing circular RNA (circ_0003645) on cell functions and its molecular mechanism in breast cancer. Methods The expression profile of circ_0003645, breast cancer cell lines, and the transcription levels of circular RNA, miRNA and HMGB1 gene were detected by qRT-PCR. Flow cytometry analysis was manipulated to evaluate cancer cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. The correlation between miR-139p-3p and circular_0003645 or HMGB1 was predicted by GEO, and TCGA was confirmed using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results Circ_0003645 expression was conspicuously increased in both the breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Circ_0003645 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and induced the apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. By sponging miR-139-3p, circ_0003645 promoted the breast cancer cells progression and positively regulated HMGB1 gene. Conclusion Circ_0003645 functions as a ceRNA for miR-139-3p, which could upregulate HMGB1 and further promote cell proliferation in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Ke
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanle Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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Lei KX, Bai HT, Yang SY, Li J, Chen QM. [Research progress on circular RNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:425-430. [PMID: 32865363 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA, a non-coding RNA that forms a covalently closed continuous loop, exists widely in eukaryotic cells. The biogenesis and biological function of this type of RNA indicate that it can play a crucial role in diseases such as tumors, neural system diseases, and cardiovascular diseases; moreover, this RNA may have great potential use as a biomarker in these diseases. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy in oral surgery that is difficult to cure, metastasizes easily, and has poor prognosis. In this review, we summarize the loop-forming mechanisms and functions of circular RNA and describe the progress of current research in the development of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - He-Tian Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Song-Yue Yang
- West China Clinical Medicine School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Jia Y, Li X, Nan A, Zhang N, Chen L, Zhou H, Zhang H, Qiu M, Zhu J, Ling Y, Jiang Y. Circular RNA 406961 interacts with ILF2 to regulate PM 2.5-induced inflammatory responses in human bronchial epithelial cells via activation of STAT3/JNK pathways. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 141:105755. [PMID: 32388272 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been verified to augmented the incidence of pneumonia, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, and other pulmonary diseases. Airway inflammation is the pathological basis of the respiratory system, and understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for airway inflammation may thus support the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. In our study, human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were exposed to various concentrations of PM2.5 for 48 h. PM2.5 entered the cells, resulting in increased production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) and decreased the expression of circular RNA 406961 (circ_406961). Further, PM2.5 with a concentration of 75 μg/mL was applied to mechanism study. Functional experiments further confirmed that circ_406961 inhibited PM2.5-induced BEAS-2B cell inflammation. RNA pull-down and mass spectrometry showed that circ_406961 interacted with interleukin enhancer-binding factor 2 (ILF2), which could regulate phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8, JNK). Our studies showed that circ_406961 inhibited activation of STAT3/JNK pathways via interacting with ILF2 protein, thereby inhibiting the PM2.5-induced inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Aruo Nan
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Lijian Chen
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Hanyu Zhou
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Miaoyun Qiu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jialu Zhu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yihui Ling
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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Zhang F, Xu Y, Ye W, Jiang J, Wu C. Circular RNA S-7 promotes ovarian cancer EMT via sponging miR-641 to up-regulate ZEB1 and MDM2. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20200825. [PMID: 32667627 PMCID: PMC7383824 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is one lethal gynecologic cancer, with a 5-year survival rate approximately 47% and localized stage diagnosis of 15%. Circular RNAs are promising biomarkers for malignancies. METHODS CiRS-7 expression was confirmed in 40 paired OC and normal adjacent tissues from 40 OC patients with different TNM stages, lymph node metastasis status and overall survival rate, also 5 different OC cell lines by qRT-PCR. Effects of ciRS-7 silence on OC cell phenotypes were determined in OC cells and Xenograft mouse model. StarBase was used to predict binding sites between ciRS-7 and micRNAs. Pearson correlation analysis and RNA-immunoprecipitation assay were used to determine the association between genes. Point mutation and rescue experiments were applied for molecular mechanism investigation. RESULTS CiRS-7 expression was significantly higher in OC cells and tissues, which was significantly associated with the TNM stages, lymph node metastasis status and overall survival rate in OC patients. CiRS-7 silence inhibited OC cell growth and metastasis. CiRS-7 sponged miR-641 to up-regulate ZEB1 and MDM2 expression in OC development. CONCLUSION CiRS-7 serves as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-641 that promoted cell growth and metastasis in OC, via regulating ZEB1 and MDM2-mediated EMT. High ciRS-7 expression was a poor prognosis of TNM stages, lymph node metastasis status and overall survival rate in OC patients. Targeting ciRS-7/miR-641/ZEB1 or ciRS-7/miR-641/MDM2 axis may be a novel diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic strategy for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Bureau Street, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Bureau Street, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Wenfeng Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Bureau Street, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Changzhou Cancer Biomedical Treatment Center of Jiangsu Province, 185 Bureau Street, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Changping Wu
- Changzhou Cancer Biomedical Treatment Center of Jiangsu Province, 185 Bureau Street, Changzhou 213003, China
- Department of Oncology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Bureau Street, Changzhou 213003, China
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Li Y, Lin S, An N. Hsa_circ_0009910: oncogenic circular RNA targets microRNA-145 in ovarian cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1857-1868. [PMID: 32588730 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1731650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) correlate with cancer cell phenotypes. Particularly, circRNAs mediate the cancer process as microRNAs (miRNAs) sponges. This study was to ascertain the roles of hsa_circ_0009910 in phenotypic aspects of ovarian cancer cells. Mantel-Cox test was performed to analyze the correlation between hsa_circ_0009910 and survival outcomes of ovarian cancer. Minigene reporter was constructed and small interfering-RNA was designed for constructing hsa_circ_0009910-dysregulated and miR-145-upregulated cells identified by qRT-PCR. Proliferative and motile activities were monitored by CCK and Transwell. Western blot was applied for quantification of cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, MMP-2, MMP-9, IκBα, p65, Notch1, Hes1, and Hes5. miRNAs targets were predicted using a bioinformatics tool and confirmed using qRT-PCR and Dual-Luciferase reporter assay. Hsa_circ_0009910 was correlated with the poor prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. The ovarian cancer cell phenotypes were promoted by hsa_circ_0009910 while repressed by silencing hsa_circ_0009910. Hsa_circ_0009910 silence was responsible for the upregulation of the predicted miRNAs targets. Thereinto, miR-145 was confirmed as a miRNA target and negatively regulated by hsa_circ_0009910. miR-145 nullified the biological function of hsa_circ_0009910 in the proliferative and motile phenotypes, and the active status of NF-κB and Notch. Hsa_circ_0009910, representing unfavorable prognosis, induced proliferative and motile phenotypes by suppressing miR-145 in ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital , Dongying, China
| | - Shuang Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Yantaishan Hospital , Yantai, China
| | - Na An
- Department of Gynecology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital , Dongying, China
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Yang X, Mei J, Wang H, Gu D, Ding J, Liu C. The emerging roles of circular RNAs in ovarian cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:265. [PMID: 32587475 PMCID: PMC7313187 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of regulatory noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules with a unique covalently closed loop structure. Next-generation sequencing shows that thousands of circRNAs are widely and stably expressed in multiple eukaryotes. As novel regulatory ncRNAs, circRNAs possess several specific molecular functions, including regulating gene transcription and translation, acting as miRNA sponges, and interacting with functional proteins. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is one of the most aggressive malignant diseases affecting the lives of thousands of women worldwide, and the majority of OvCa cases are diagnosed at advanced stages. Accumulating evidence has revealed the significant roles of circRNAs in the occurrence and progression of OvCa, indicating the function of circRNAs as promising biomarkers and their therapeutic relevance in this disease. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms by which circRNAs mediate OvCa progression as well as their diagnostic and prognostic values in OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Yang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023 China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023 China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023 China
| | - Dingyi Gu
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023 China
| | - Junli Ding
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023 China
| | - Chaoying Liu
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023 China
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Yi K, Hou M, Yuan J, Yang L, Zeng X, Xi M, Chen J. LncRNA PVT1 epigenetically stabilizes and post-transcriptionally regulates FOXM1 by acting as a microRNA sponge and thus promotes malignant behaviors of ovarian cancer cells. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2860-2874. [PMID: 32655815 PMCID: PMC7344089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be involved in the regulation of cancer biology. PVT1, which is overexpressed in tumor samples, acts as an oncogenic promoter in several kinds of cancers, including ovarian cancer. However, the mechanisms of its regulation of malignant behaviors in ovarian cancer remain largely unknown. In this study, the expression of PVT1 in several ovarian cancer cell lines was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The effect of PVT1 on malignant behaviors, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion, was analyzed. The posttranscriptional regulation of FOXM1 by PVT1 was analyzed by western blotting. The results illustrated that PVT1 acted as a sponge and bound miR-370 on two binding sites. The expression of PVT1 positively regulated malignant behaviors in ovarian cancer cells, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which could be reversed by the introduction of miR-370 mimics. Sponged miR-370 failed to posttranscriptionally regulate FOXM1, which resulted in the promotion of malignant behavior. PVT1 was also found to bind to FOXM1 directly and stabilize the FOXM1 protein. The promoting effect of PVT1 on malignant behaviors and chemoresistance to cisplatin could be reversed by knockdown of FOXM1 and introduction of miR-370 mimics. Together, these results suggest that lncRNA PVT1 promotes malignant behavior and induces chemoresistance in ovarian cancer by epigenetic and posttranscriptional regulation of FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Minmin Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jialing Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyun Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingrong Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 20, Section 3, RenminNanlu Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of EducationChengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Zhang N, Jin Y, Hu Q, Cheng S, Wang C, Yang Z, Wang Y. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0078607 suppresses ovarian cancer progression by regulating miR-518a-5p/Fas signaling pathway. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:64. [PMID: 32503653 PMCID: PMC7275507 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing researches have demonstrated the critical functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the progression of malignant tumors, including ovarian cancer. In this study, we aim to investigate abnormally expression of hsa_circ_0078607 and the role of hsa_circ_0078607 during ovarian cancer pathogenesis. METHODS RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of circ_0078607 in ovarian cancer tissues. To determine the functional roles of circ_0078607 in ovarian cancer, cell proliferation and cell invasion assays were performed. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter analysis were used to predict the target of circ_0078607. RESULTS In the present study, we first found that circ_0078607 was downregulated in ovarian cancer. Forced circ_0078607 expression significantly suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Mechanically, bioinformatics and luciferase reporter analysis identified miR-518a-5p as a direct target of circ_0078607, while Fas as a direct target of miR-518a-5p. MiR-518a-5p negatively regulated Fas in ovarian cancer cells, while overexpression of circ_0078607 could increase the expression of Fas inhibited by miR-518a-5p. Furthermore, overexpression of circ_0078607 could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells caused by miR-518a-5p mimic. CONCLUSION The results of the present study revealed that circ_0078607 suppressed ovarian cancer progression by sponging oncogenic miR-518a-5p to induce Fas expression, which may provide new therapeutic approach for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiubo Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyou Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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49
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Dong P, Xu D, Xiong Y, Yue J, Ihira K, Konno Y, Watari H. The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1472. [PMID: 32512912 PMCID: PMC7352180 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed, endogenous non-coding RNAs and certain circRNAs are linked to human tumors. Owing to their circular form, circRNAs are protected from degradation by exonucleases, and therefore, they are more stable than linear RNAs. Many circRNAs have been shown to sponge microRNAs, interact with RNA-binding proteins, regulate gene transcription, and be translated into proteins. Mounting evidence suggests that circRNAs are dysregulated in cancer tissues and can mediate various signaling pathways, thus affecting tumorigenesis, metastasis, and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. First, we review the characteristics, biogenesis, and biological functions of circRNAs, and describe various mechanistic models of circRNAs. Then, we provide a systematic overview of the functional roles of circRNAs in gynecological cancers. Finally, we describe the potential future applications of circRNAs as biomarkers for prognostic stratification and as therapeutic targets in gynecological cancers. Although the function of most circRNAs remains elusive, some individual circRNAs have biologically relevant functions in cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. Certain circRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gynecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (D.X.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Daozhi Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (D.X.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Gynecology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Kei Ihira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (D.X.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yosuke Konno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (D.X.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hidemichi Watari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (D.X.); (K.I.); (Y.K.)
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50
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FcircSEC: An R Package for Full Length circRNA Sequence Extraction and Classification. Int J Genomics 2020; 2020:9084901. [PMID: 32566642 PMCID: PMC7285417 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9084901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are formed by joining the 3′ and 5′ ends of RNA molecules. Identification of circRNAs is an important part of circRNA research. The circRNA prediction methods can predict the circRNAs with start and end positions in the chromosome but cannot identify the full-length circRNA sequences. We present an R package FcircSEC (Full Length circRNA Sequence Extraction and Classification) to extract the full-length circRNA sequences based on gene annotation and the output of any circRNA prediction tools whose output has a chromosome, start and end positions, and a strand for each circRNA. To validate FcircSEC, we have used three databases, circbase, circRNAdb, and plantcircbase. With information such as the chromosome and strand of each circRNA as the input, the identified sequences by FcircSEC are consistent with the databases. The novelty of FcircSEC is that it can take the output of state-of-the-art circRNA prediction tools as input and is applicable for human and other species. We also classify the circRNAs as exonic, intronic, and others. The R package FcircSEC is freely available.
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