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Massik A, Hibaoui L, Benboubker M, Yahyaoui G, Oumokhtar B, Mahmoud M. Acinetobacter baumannii Carbapenemase Producers in Morocco: Genetic Diversity. Cureus 2023; 15:e43629. [PMID: 37600441 PMCID: PMC10433920 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a public health problem worldwide. Although carbapenem resistance is emerging in Morocco, few studies have shown the epidemiological profile of carbapenemase genes in Moroccan healthcare facilities. The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular profile of the carbapenemase enzyme in Acinetobacter baumannii from clinical isolates. METHODS Clinical strains isolated in the laboratory from various samples were subjected to several phenotypic tests. Antibiotic susceptibility and identification were tested using Phoenix 100 (Becton Dickinson Co., Sparks, MD, USA) and Api 20 (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France). Simple phenotypic assays were used to detect carbapenemase oxacillinase (OXA) and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) production, including the modified Hodge test (MHT) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) test. The detection of carbapenemase genes was performed by multiplex and simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS A total of 140 strains or 100% of isolates contained OXA-51 and ISbA1 sequences, 89% contained OXA-23 and OXA-58 sequences, and 1% contained OXA-24 sequence. The MBL genes were predominated by Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) (56%), followed by Seoul imipenemase (SIM) (39%), German imipenemase (GIM) (37%), São Paulo metallo-β-lactamase (SPM) (13%), imipenemase (IMP) (11%), and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) (4%). Guyana extended-spectrum β-lactamase (GES) was not found in any isolation. CONCLUSION Our study shows a high frequency of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii, as it reports a high molecular diversity of carbapenemase-encoding genes, mainly dominated by the carbapenemase ISaba1/OXA-23, which represents an emerging threat in our hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhamid Massik
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Lahbib Hibaoui
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Moussa Benboubker
- Human Pathology, Biomedicine and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Ghita Yahyaoui
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Bouchra Oumokhtar
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
| | - Mustapha Mahmoud
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, MAR
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Gupta N, Angadi K, Jadhav S. Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii with Special Reference to Carbapenemases: A Systematic Review. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:7631-7650. [PMID: 36579124 PMCID: PMC9791997 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s386641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenemases are β-lactamase enzymes that hydrolyze a variety of β-lactams including carbapenem and belong to different Ambler classes (A, B, D). These enzymes can be encoded by plasmid or chromosomal-mediated genes. The major issues associated with carbapenemases-producing organisms are compromising the activity and increasing the resistance to carbapenems which are the last resort antibiotics used in treating serious infections. The global increase of pathogen, carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii has significantly threatened public health. Thus, there is a pressing need for a better understanding of this pathogen, to know the various carbapenem resistance encoding genes and dissemination of resistance genes from A. baumannii which help in developing strategies to overcome this problem. The horizontal transfer of resistant determinants through mobile genetic elements increases the incidence of multidrug, extensive drug, and Pan-drug resistant A. baumannii. Therefore, the current review aims to know the various mechanisms of carbapenem resistance, categorize and discuss carbapenemases encoding genes and various mobile genetic elements, and the prevalence of carbapenemase genes in recent years in A. baumannii from various geographical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Symbiosis Medical College for Women (SMCW) & Symbiosis University Hospital and Research Centre (SUHRC), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Kalpana Angadi
- Department of Microbiology, Symbiosis Medical College for Women (SMCW) & Symbiosis University Hospital and Research Centre (SUHRC), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Savita Jadhav
- Department of Microbiology, Symbiosis Medical College for Women (SMCW) & Symbiosis University Hospital and Research Centre (SUHRC), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India,Correspondence: Savita Jadhav, Department of Microbiology, Symbiosis Medical College for Women (SMCW) & Symbiosis University Hospital and Research Centre (SUHRC), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India, Tel +919284434364, Email
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Molecular Characterization of Gene-Mediated Resistance and Susceptibility of ESKAPE Clinical Isolates to Cistus monspeliensis L. and Cistus salviifolius L. Extracts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7467279. [PMID: 36204117 PMCID: PMC9532067 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7467279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) are now the biggest threats to human beings. Alternative antimicrobial regimens to conventional antibiotic paradigms are extensively searched. Although Cistus extracts have long been used for infections in traditional folk medicines around the world, their efficacy against resistant bacteria still needs to be elucidated. We aim to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of clinical strains Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae (acronym “ESKAPE”), and their resistance mechanisms by PCR, as well as their sensitivity to C. monspeliensis (CM) and C. salviifolius (CS) methanol extracts and their fractions. Methods Antibiotic susceptibility profile and resistance mechanism were done by antibiogram and PCR. Fractions of CM and CS were obtained using maceration and Soxhlet; their antibacterial activities were evaluated by determining inhibition zone diameter (IZD), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results Results revealed that all strains were XDR except S. aureus, which was MDR. The PCR indicates the presence of gene-mediated resistance (blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaOXA-48, blaNDM, blaOXA-51, blaOXA-58, blaIMP, blaVIM, and blamecA). Also, maceration was slightly better for bioactivity preservation. Overall, the extracts of CM (IZD = 20 mm, MIC = 0.01 mg/mL) were more active than those of CS. All extracts inhibited MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and ERV (Enterococcus faecium Vancomycin-Resistant) with interesting MICs. The ethyl acetate fraction manifested great efficacy against all strains. Monoterpene hydrocarbons and sesquiterpenes oxygenated were the chemical classes of compounds dominating the analyzed fractions. Viridiflorol was the major compound in ethyl acetate fractions of 59.84% and 70.77% for CM and CS, respectively. Conclusions The superior activity of extracts to conventional antibiotics was seen for the first time in the pathogens group, and their bactericidal effect could be a promising alternative for developing clinical antibacterial agents against MDR and XDR ESKAPE bacteria.
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Massik A, Hibaoui L, Moussa B, Yahyaoui G, Oumokhtar B, Mahmoud M. First report of SPM metallo-β-lactamases producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Morocco. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 14:438-444. [PMID: 36721516 PMCID: PMC9867632 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v14i4.10229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has recently been identified by the World Health Organization as a critical pathogen. We propose to characterize the molecular characteristics of clinical isolates of A. baumannii resistant to carbapenems collected in a Moroccan hospital. Materials and Methods Seventy carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates from various samples were received at the microbiology laboratory of the Hospital Center. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested by the diffusion disc method and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance was performed by PCR and sequencing. Results Carbapenemase genes were detected in our isolates: the OXA-51 gene and the ISbA1 sequence were detected in all isolates (100%), the OXA-23 and OXA-58 genes were detected in 82.85% and 10% of isolates respectively, MBL genes were dominated by VIM 39 isolates (55.7%), followed by GIM 26 isolates (37%), SIM 20 isolates (28.5%), IMP 8 isolates (11, 4%), NDM 3 isolates (4%) and for the first time in Morocco SPM with 4 isolates (5.7%). Conclusion The emergence of resistance of A. baumannii to carbapenems is a serious problem in our hospital which requires the establishment of a prevention strategy and strict respect for hygiene to minimize their dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhamid Massik
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, CHU Hassan II, Fez, Morocco,Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco,Corresponding author: Abdelhamid Massik, Ph.D, Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, CHU Hassan II, Fez, Morocco; Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco. Tel: +98-212626805059
| | - Lahbib Hibaoui
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, CHU Hassan II, Fez, Morocco,Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Benboubker Moussa
- Human Pathologies, Biomedicine and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ghita Yahyaoui
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, CHU Hassan II, Fez, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Oumokhtar
- Human Pathologies, Biomedicine and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Mahmoud
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, CHU Hassan II, Fez, Morocco,Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Wang L, Sun D, Chen L, Zhou P, Wang K, Wang F, Lei X, Wang Y, Lu Y, Huang G, Gao X. Development and Clinical Application of a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification-Lateral Flow Strip Assay for Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:876552. [PMID: 35646723 PMCID: PMC9131934 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.876552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a worldwide, primary cause of respiratory tract infections, septicemia, urinary apparatus infections, and secondary meningitis. It can be fatal. Rapid and accurate detection methods are needed to control the spread of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB). Current molecular diagnostic methods are limited and not suitable for on-site detection. In this study, an isothermal detection method using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with a lateral flow strip (LFS) was developed to target the blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes of A. baumannii. The reaction was completed in about 40 min at 37°C. This method can also effectively distinguish A. baumannii and CRAB. The limit of detection of 100-101 CFU/reaction was equal to that of other detection methods. The detection accuracy was equal to that of the qPCR method with the use of clinical samples. The RPA-LFS assay is portable, rapid, and accurate and could replace existing detection methods for on-site detection of A. baumannii and CRAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Dunpo Sun
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Lianyungang Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Xingqi Lei
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Yingzhi Lu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
- *Correspondence: Yingzhi Lu, ; Guanhong Huang, ; Xuzhu Gao,
| | - Guanhong Huang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
- *Correspondence: Yingzhi Lu, ; Guanhong Huang, ; Xuzhu Gao,
| | - Xuzhu Gao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
- *Correspondence: Yingzhi Lu, ; Guanhong Huang, ; Xuzhu Gao,
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Nejjari C, El Achhab Y, Benaouda A, Abdelfattah C. Antimicrobial resistance among GLASS pathogens in Morocco: an epidemiological scoping review. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:438. [PMID: 35525923 PMCID: PMC9077917 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of great importance due to the frequency of strains becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. This review, using a public health focused approach, which aims to understand and describe the current status of AMR in Morocco in relation to WHO priority pathogens and treatment guidelines. METHODS PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar Databases and grey literature are searched published articles on antimicrobial drug resistance data for GLASS priority pathogens isolated from Morocco between January 2011 and December 2021. Articles are screened using strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. AMR data is extracted with medians and IQR of resistance rates. RESULTS Forty-nine articles are included in the final analysis. The most reported bacterium is Escherichia coli with median resistance rates of 90.9%, 64.0%, and 56.0%, for amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and co-trimoxazole, respectively. Colistin had the lowest median resistance with 0.1%. A median resistance of 63.0% is calculated for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in Klebsiella pneumonia. Imipenem resistance with a median of 74.5% is reported for Acinetobacter baumannii. AMR data for Streptococcus pneumonie does not exceed 50.0% as a median. CONCLUSIONS Whilst resistance rates are high for most of GLASS pathogens, there are deficient data to draw vigorous conclusions about the current status AMR in Morocco. The recently join to the GLASS system surveillance will begin to address this data gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakib Nejjari
- International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Youness El Achhab
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Km 2.2 Rte Sidi Harazem, B.P 1893, Fez, Morocco. .,CRMEF Fez-Meknes, Rue Kuwait, B.P 49, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Amina Benaouda
- Department of Microbiology, Cheikh Zayed International University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Chakib Abdelfattah
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
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Loqman S, Soraa N, Diene SM, Rolain JM. Dissemination of Carbapenemases (OXA-48, NDM and VIM) Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from the Mohamed VI University Hospital in Marrakech, Morocco. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050492. [PMID: 33925772 PMCID: PMC8145435 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) represent a major clinical problem and raise serious health concerns. The present study aimed to investigate and ascertain the occurrence of CRE among hospitalized patients of Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco. Biological samples were collected over a one-year period (2018). The bacterial isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion and Etest. The modified Hodge test and combined disc diffusion test were used for phenotypic detection. CRE hydrolyzing enzyme encoding genes: blaOXA-48, blaKPC, blaIMP, blaVIM, and blaNDM were characterized by PCR and DNA sequencing. In total, 131 non-duplicate CRE clinical strains resistant to Ertapenem were isolated out of 1603 initial Enterobacteriaceae. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common species (59%), followed by Enterobacter cloacae (24%), E. coli (10%), Citrobacter freundii (3%), Klebsiellaoxycota (2%), Serratia marcescens (1%), and Citrobacter braakii (1%). Of these, 56.49%, 21.37%, 15.27%, 3.38%, and 3.05% were collected from blood, urine, pus, catheters and respiratory samples, respectively. Approximately 85.5% (112/131) of the isolates were carbapenemase producers (40 blaOXA-48, 27 blaNDM, 38 blaOXA-48 + blaNDM and 7 blaVIM). All metallo-β-lactamases isolates were NDM-1 and VIM-1 producers. This is the first documentation of blaOXA-48 genes from C. freundii and C. braakii in Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Loqman
- Laboratoire de Lutte Contre les Maladies Infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco;
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU Mohammed VI, Av Ibn Sina Amerchich, BP 2360, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +212-6-6105-0497
| | - Nabila Soraa
- Laboratoire de Lutte Contre les Maladies Infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco;
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU Mohammed VI, Av Ibn Sina Amerchich, BP 2360, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Seydina M. Diene
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.M.D.); (J.-M.R.)
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France; (S.M.D.); (J.-M.R.)
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Sleiman A, Fayad AGA, Banna H, Matar GM. Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and their resistance determinants in the Eastern Mediterranean Region over the last decade. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2021; 25:209-221. [PMID: 33812049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is increasing worldwide, which has led the World Health Organization (WHO) to list these bacteria in the critical priority pathogens group. Infections by such pathogens pose a serious threat to hospitalised patients and are associated with clinical and economic consequences. What worsens the case is the weak pipeline of available antimicrobial agents to treat such infections and the absence of new drugs. The aim of this review was to shed light on all studies tackling carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa in the Eastern Mediterranean region, with indication for each country, description of studies timeline, prevalence of carbapenem resistance, and carbapenem resistance-encoding genes detected in these countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Sleiman
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Bacterial Pathogens, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine G Abou Fayad
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Bacterial Pathogens, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hanin Banna
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Bacterial Pathogens, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan M Matar
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Bacterial Pathogens, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Beltrão EMB, Oliveira ÉMD, Lopes ACDS. First report of bla GES-1 in Proteus mirabilis clinical isolates. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2021; 54:e0864-2020. [PMID: 33759932 PMCID: PMC8008897 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0864-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is one of the main pathogens causing urinary tract infections and sepsis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a P. mirabilis hosting blaGES. The presence of these genes was determined using PCR and sequencing. We identified the presence of blaGES-1 in all three isolates. In addition, we identified the blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-1 genes in the two strains. These data emphasize the importance of monitoring and surveillance of all enterobacteria. The circulation of P. mirabilis strains carrying blaGES-1 constitutes a new scenario of resistance in this species and should be an epidemiological alert for global health.
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El Hafa H, Nayme K, Sbiti M, Timinouni M, Belhaj A. Evaluation of genetic diversity of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates using ERIC-PCR. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Carbapenemase-Producing Non-Glucose-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli in Africa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Microbiol 2020; 2020:9461901. [PMID: 33204275 PMCID: PMC7658691 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9461901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have reported that the existence of CP bacteria in Africa, but, in general, comprehensive data about the molecular epidemiology of CP organisms are limited. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis expound the pooled prevalence of CP P. aeruginosa and CP A. baumannii clinical isolates in Africa. It also identified the diversity of carbapenemases or their encoding genes among the isolates in Africa. Lastly, the review observed the trends of these CP isolates in Africa. Methods A comprehensive search was performed between July 2019 and October 2019 in the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and African Journal online. The included articles were published only in English. The screening was done by two authors independently. The data extracted on Excel spreadsheet were transferred to STATA 11 software for analysis. Results From a total of 1,454 articles searched, 42 articles were eligible. Most of the studies were conducted in the North Africa region. But there was no report from Central Africa. The pooled prevalence of CP P. aeruginosa and CP A. baumannii among the clinical specimens in Africa was 21.36% and 56.97%, respectively. OXA-23 and VIM were the most prevailing carbapenemase among P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, respectively. The cumulative meta-analysis revealed a relative increment of the prevalence of CP P. aeruginosa over time in Africa but it showed a higher prevalence of CP A. baumannii isolates across years. Conclusion The review revealed a high pooled prevalence of CP A. baumannii clinical isolates in Africa which needs urgent action. Moreover, the emergence of concomitant carbapenemases, especially OXA-23 + NDM among CP A. baumannii, was also an alarming problem.
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