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Badaeva ED, Kotseruba VV, Fisenko AV, Chikida NN, Belousova MK, Zhurbenko PM, Surzhikov SA, Dragovich AY. Intraspecific divergence of diploid grass Aegilopscomosa is associated with structural chromosome changes. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2023; 17:75-112. [PMID: 37304148 PMCID: PMC10252141 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.17.101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aegilopscomosa Smith in Sibthorp et Smith, 1806 is diploid grass with MM genome constitution occurring mainly in Greece. Two morphologically distinct subspecies - Ae.c.comosa Chennaveeraiah, 1960 and Ae.c.heldreichii (Holzmann ex Boissier) Eig, 1929 are discriminated within Ae.comosa, however, genetic and karyotypic bases of their divergence are not fully understood. We used Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA probes and electrophoretic analysis of gliadins to characterize the genome and karyotype of Ae.comosa to assess the level of their genetic diversity and uncover mechanisms leading to radiation of subspecies. We show that two subspecies differ in size and morphology of chromosomes 3M and 6M, which can be due to reciprocal translocation. Subspecies also differ in the amount and distribution of microsatellite and satellite DNA sequences, the number and position of minor NORs, especially on 3M and 6M, and gliadin spectra mainly in the a-zone. Frequent occurrence of hybrids can be caused by open pollination, which, along with genetic heterogeneity of accessions and, probably, the lack of geographic or genetic barrier between the subspecies, may contribute to extremely broad intraspecific variation of GAAn and gliadin patterns in Ae.comosa, which are usually not observed in endemic plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina D. Badaeva
- N.I.Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina str. 3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, RussiaEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 32, GSP-1, Moscow 119334, RussiaN.I.Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - Violetta V. Kotseruba
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popova str. 2, Saint Petersburg 197376, RussiaKomarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of SciencesSaint PetersburgRussia
| | - Andnrey V. Fisenko
- N.I.Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina str. 3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, RussiaEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - Nadezhda N. Chikida
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Bolshaya Morskaya str. 42-44, Saint Petersburg 190000, RussiaN.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Ministry of Science and Higher EducationSaint PetersburgRussia
| | - Maria Kh. Belousova
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Bolshaya Morskaya str. 42-44, Saint Petersburg 190000, RussiaN.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Ministry of Science and Higher EducationSaint PetersburgRussia
| | - Peter M. Zhurbenko
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popova str. 2, Saint Petersburg 197376, RussiaKomarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of SciencesSaint PetersburgRussia
| | - Sergei A. Surzhikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 32, GSP-1, Moscow 119334, RussiaN.I.Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - Alexandra Yu. Dragovich
- N.I.Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina str. 3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, RussiaEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
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Badaeva ED, Chikida NN, Fisenko AN, Surzhikov SA, Belousova MK, Özkan H, Dragovich AY, Kochieva EZ. Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of Aegilops columnaris. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:956. [PMID: 34064905 PMCID: PMC8151338 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aegilops columnaris Zhuk. is tetraploid grass species (2n = 4x = 28, UcUcXcXc) closely related to Ae. neglecta and growing in Western Asia and a western part of the Fertile Crescent. Genetic diversity of Ae. columnaris was assessed using C-banding, FISH, nuclear and chloroplast (cp) DNA analyses, and gliadin electrophoresis. Cytogenetically Ae. columnaris was subdivided into two groups, C-I and C-II, showing different karyotype structure, C-banding, and FISH patterns. C-I group was more similar to Ae. neglecta. All types of markers revealed significant heterogeneity in C-II group, although group C-I was also polymorphic. Two chromosomal groups were consistent with plastogroups identified in a current study based on sequencing of three chloroplast intergenic spacer regions. The similarity of group C-I of Ae. columnaris with Ae. neglecta and their distinctness from C-II indicate that divergence of the C-I group was associated with minor genome modifications. Group C-II could emerge from C-I relatively recently, probably due to introgression from another Aegilops species followed by a reorganization of the parental genomes. Most C-II accessions were collected from a very narrow geographic region, and they might originate from a common ancestor. We suggest that the C-II group is at the initial stage of species divergence and undergoing an extensive speciation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina D. Badaeva
- N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Street 3, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.N.F.); (A.Y.D.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 34, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nadezhda N. Chikida
- Federal Research Center, N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Bolshaya Morskaya Street 44, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.N.C.); (M.K.B.)
| | - Andrey N. Fisenko
- N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Street 3, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.N.F.); (A.Y.D.)
| | - Sergei A. Surzhikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 34, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Maria K. Belousova
- Federal Research Center, N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Bolshaya Morskaya Street 44, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.N.C.); (M.K.B.)
| | - Hakan Özkan
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey;
| | - Alexandra Y. Dragovich
- N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Street 3, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.N.F.); (A.Y.D.)
| | - Elena Z. Kochieva
- Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 60 let Oktjabrya Prospect 7, Build. 1, 117312 Moscow, Russia;
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