1
|
Lépine M, Robert MC, Sleno L. Discovery and Verification of Sjögren's Syndrome Protein Biomarkers in Tears by Targeted LC-MRM. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38682820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune rheumatic disorder characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction, mainly from the lacrimal and salivary glands. The disease causes severe aqueous dry eye syndrome (DED) and is associated with high rates of complications, including corneal ulceration, scaring, and perforation. Systemic complications may occur as well as a higher risk of developing lymphoma. Diagnosis of SS-DED is often delayed and difficult to establish. With the aim of discovering biomarkers to help discriminate SS-DED patients, a combination of untargeted and targeted LC-MS/MS analyses were performed on tear samples collected on Schirmer strips and subjected to tryptic digestion. Following the analysis of three cohorts and the development of two targeted LC-sMRM methods for the verification of putative biomarkers found in the first cohort of samples, 64 proteins could be linked to Sjögren's syndrome, in the hopes of helping to confirm diagnoses as well as potentially stratifying the severity of disease in these patients. Proteins that were increased in SS-DED showed activation of the immune system and alterations in homeostasis. Several proteases and protease inhibitors were found to be significantly changing in SS-DED, as well as a consistent decrease in specific proteins known to be secreted by the lacrimal gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maggy Lépine
- University of Quebec in Montreal (UQAM), Chemistry Department, PO Box 8888, Downtown Station, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
- CERMO-FC, Centre d'Excellence de Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois, 141 Avenue du President Kennedy, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y7, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Robert
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de (CR-CHUM), Ophthalmology Department, 900 Saint Denis Street, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
- CERMO-FC, Centre d'Excellence de Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois, 141 Avenue du President Kennedy, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y7, Canada
| | - Lekha Sleno
- University of Quebec in Montreal (UQAM), Chemistry Department, PO Box 8888, Downtown Station, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada
- CERMO-FC, Centre d'Excellence de Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois, 141 Avenue du President Kennedy, Montreal, Quebec H2X 3Y7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Preoteasa LD, Preoteasa D. Assessment of the prevalence and risk factors for dry eye symptoms among Romanian medical students using the ocular surface disease index - a cross-sectional study. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:12. [PMID: 38182974 PMCID: PMC10768241 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to assess how Romanian medical students suffer from dry eye disease symptoms, establish the prevalence and severity of dry eye (DE) symptoms and identify potential risk factors. METHODS An analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on students from "Carol Davila" University of Medicine, Romania, after the final examination period of July 2022. The OSDI score (Ocular Surface Disease Index©) was applied in an online survey. The study adopted the standards used by other authors, who defined symptomatic DED as an OSDI score greater than 12. The chi-square test was used to establish statistical significance at a cutoff value of p < 0.05. The predictive model was created using linear logistic regression analysis. The goodness of fit of the logistic regression model was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. When the severity outcome had a nominal categorical form, multinomial regression analysis with normal subjects as a reference was performed. The distribution of the severe type of symptomatology across sex categories and years of study was analyzed using a nonparametric test (Independent-Samples Kruskal-Wallis Test). RESULTS A total of 274 answers were received from 81.4% females and 18.6% males with a response rate of 35.58%. The mean age was 22.7 years ± 1.66 with an age range between 20 and 25 years old. Using the OSDI score, we established that the overall prevalence of DE symptoms was 83.6% (95%CI: 79.6%, 88%), with an 85.2% (95%CI: 80.5%, 89.8%) prevalence in females and 76.5% (95%CI: 65%,88%) in males. The severe form of DE was the most prevalent, regardless of the study year or sex. Increased screen time (p-value < 0.05) and non-smokers (p-value < 0.05) were proven risk factors. The predictive model which includes the explanatory variables (sex, contact lens wearers, smoking, oral contraceptives, screen time) proved an 84.7% predictability for symptomatic DE and was able to better predict the dependent variable than the intercept model only (p-value < 0.05). Smoking (p = 0.002) and screen time (p = 0.009) preserved their significance in the multinominal regression as well. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report the epidemiology of DE symptoms among Romanian medical students. OSDI revealed a high prevalence of symptomatic DE in medical students. Screen time, although not the only factor, likely plays a role in exacerbating the disease. This information can be used to inform healthcare policies, establish occupational health guidelines, and implement preventive measures for individuals in similar high-stress academic or professional environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Denisa Preoteasa
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dionisie Lupu street, no 37, Bucharest, 030167, Romania.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Emergency Eye Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
- Onioptic Hospital, Craiova, Romania.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Goo H, Lee YJ, Lee S, Hong N. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Multi-Wavelength Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation Attenuates Dry Eye Symptoms in a Scopolamine-Induced Mouse Model of Dry Eye. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17493. [PMID: 38139321 PMCID: PMC10744116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease is a common condition in patients of all ages, causing discomfort and potential visual problems. Current treatments, including artificial tears and anti-inflammatory drugs, have certain limitations, encouraging research into alternative therapies. We investigated the therapeutic potential of multi-wavelength light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation of mice with dry eye. First, we showed that multi-wavelength LED irradiation was non-toxic to human corneal epithelial cells and improved cell viability. We then used a scopolamine-induced mouse model of dry eye to assess the effects of multi-wavelength LED irradiation on various clinical parameters. This treatment increased the tear volume and reduced corneal irregularity, thus improving dry eye. Histological analysis revealed that multi-wavelength LED irradiation protected against corneal epithelial damage and the associated reduction in epithelial thickness and would thus improve the corneal health of dry eye patients. Multi-wavelength LED irradiation significantly reduced the corneal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α; the treatment was thus anti-inflammatory. Our results suggest that multi-wavelength LED irradiation may serve as a safe and effective treatment for dry eye, alleviating symptoms, reducing inflammation, and promoting corneal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoon Goo
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yea-Jin Lee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sangkeun Lee
- MEDI-IOT Co., Ltd., Seoul 02708, Republic of Korea;
| | - Namgue Hong
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen K, Ibañez Bruron MC, Mondaca S, Pizarro G, Liberman P, Berkenstock MK. Quantitative Ocular Surface Changes in Patients Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023:1-4. [PMID: 37722802 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2252892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the clinical course and evaluate treatment of ocular surface changes in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. METHODS Multiple markers of ocular surface dryness were evaluated in 16 patients on ICI therapy. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to determine the significant change in the initial and final ocular surface indices. RESULTS Fifty percent of the eyes demonstrated worsening Schirmer I scores; 29% showed an increase in lissamine green staining. During follow-up, 43% of patients experienced a decline in OSDI scores. Treatments included preservative-free artificial tears (88%), cyclosporine (25%), topical corticosteroids (31%), warm compresses (25%); punctal plugs (13%). Median follow-up time was 3.4 months (range:0-79 ); median ICI treatment duration was 7 months (range:1-40). Four patients died during the observation period. CONCLUSION A significant proportion of patients experience changes in ocular surface markers while treated with ICIs. Medical intervention can lead to stabilization of ocular surface disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Chen
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Sebastian Mondaca
- Departamento de Oncología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Pizarro
- Departamento de Oncología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Liberman
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Meghan K Berkenstock
- Wilmer Eye Institute, The Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Yan P, Tang H, Zhang J. Rapid detection of tear lactoferrin for diagnosis of dry eyes by using fluorescence polarization-based aptasensor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15179. [PMID: 37704755 PMCID: PMC10499909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiating dry eye disease (DED) from allergic or viral conjunctivitis rapidly and accurately is important to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment. Tear lactoferrin (LF), a multi-functional glycoprotein found in tears, decreases significantly in patients with DED, and has been considered as a DED diagnostic biomarker. Measuring tear LF level, however, takes time and requires the use of bulky instruments. Herein, a homogeneous carbon nanostructure-based aptasensor with high sensitivity and selectivity has been developed by applying fluorescence polarization (FP) technology. The FP of carbon dots (CDs) bioconjugated with LF aptamers (CDs-aptamer) is 21.2% higher than that of CDs, which can be further amplified (1.81 times) once interacting with graphene oxide nanosheets (GONS). In the presence of LF, GONS separates from CDs-aptamer because of the stronger binding affinity between CDs-aptamer to LF, resulting in the decrease of FP value. A linear relationship is observed between FP value and LF concentration in spiked tear samples from 0.66 to 3.32 mg/mL. The selectivity of the aptasensor has been investigated by measuring other proteins. The results indicate that the FP-based aptasensor is a cost-effective method with high sensitivity and selectivity in detection of tear LF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Peng Yan
- Kensington Eye Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Kensington Eye Institute, 600-340 College St, Toronto, ON, M5T 3A9, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3A9, Canada
| | - Howyn Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aljammaz HM, Aleithan WM, Albalawi AM, Aljayani RT, Aljayani RT, Aljammaz MM, Alenezi SH, Alreshidi S, Hashem F, Alali NM, ALBalawi HB. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease Based on McMonnies Questionnaire Among Medical Students, Saudi Arabia; a Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2441-2450. [PMID: 37333876 PMCID: PMC10276594 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s410790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular problem that worsens patients' quality of life. This study aimed to assess DED prevalence and risk factors among medical students at the University of Tabuk. Patients and Methods This is an analytical, cross-sectional, survey-based study. An online questionnaire was distributed by email to all medical students at the University of Tabuk. A self-administered McMonnies questionnaire was used in the assessment. Results We included 247 medical students who completed the questionnaire. Most participants were females (71.3%) and were <25 years old (85.8%). DED prevalence rate was 18.2% (95% CI=13.61% to 23.61%). Furthermore, DED was found to be significantly associated with the presence of irritation of eyes when waking up from sleep (OR=19.315), sleeping with partially opened eyes (OR=19.105), redness and irritation of the eyes when swimming in chlorinated fresh water (OR=7.863), and having prescription eyedrops or other dry eye treatments (OR=3.083). Conclusion Our study at the University of Tabuk found that 18.2% of medical students had dry eye disease and identified the associated risk factors. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications due to the high prevalence of DED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M Aljammaz
- Internal Medicine Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wijdan M Aleithan
- Internal Medicine Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rabab T Aljayani
- Ophthalmology Department, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawabi T Aljayani
- Internal Medicine Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M Aljammaz
- Medical Laboratory Department, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad H Alenezi
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker Alreshidi
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Hashem
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif M Alali
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani B ALBalawi
- Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prinz J, Maffulli N, Fuest M, Walter P, Hildebrand F, Migliorini F. Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease. Diseases 2023; 11:85. [PMID: 37366873 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the management of dry eye disease is still unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the efficacy and feasibility of CQ and HCQ in patients with dry eye disease. In February 2023, PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were accessed. Data from 462 patients (mean age 54.4 ± 2.8 years) were collected. Compared to baseline, the tear breakup time (p < 0.0001) and Schirmer I test (p < 0.0001) were significantly increased, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI, p < 0.0001) and corneal staining (p < 0.0001) were significantly decreased at the last follow-up in the CQ/HCQ group. At the last follow-up, the OSDI was significantly lower in the CQ/HCQ group compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). Corneal staining was significantly greater in the control group compared to the CQ/HCQ group (p < 0.0001). The Schirmer I test showed no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.2). Altogether, CQ and HCQ improved the symptoms and signs of dry eye disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Prinz
- RWTH University Hospital of Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Fisciano, Italy
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University Faculty of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Matthias Fuest
- RWTH University Hospital of Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Walter
- RWTH University Hospital of Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hildebrand
- RWTH University Hospital of Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- RWTH University Hospital of Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Academic Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Paik B, Tong L. Topical Omega-3 Fatty Acids Eyedrops in the Treatment of Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13156. [PMID: 36361942 PMCID: PMC9654205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye is a common inflammatory condition of the ocular surface. While oral omega-3 supplementation for its treatment has been extensively studied, recent large-scale studies have cast doubt on their efficacy. However, efficacy of topical omega-3 has yet to be reviewed. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for all studies evaluating topical omega-3 in dry eye. Five human and five animal studies were included. Of the five human studies, two were on dry eye disease (DED), one was on contact lens discomfort, and two were on patients undergoing corneal collagen crosslinking. In humans, there is promising evidence for improved ocular surface staining and tear break-up time compared to controls, equivocal evidence for improvements to ocular surface symptoms and meibomian gland dysfunction, and no effect on increasing tear production. Data from animal models largely agree with these findings, and further reveal decreased inflammatory cytokines and monocyte infiltration. Our review suggests that topical omega-3 is a promising treatment for dry eye, but also points to the paucity of evidence in this field. Further trials in humans are required to characterize effects of topical omega-3 and optimize its dosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Paik
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Louis Tong
- Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Ocular Surface Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmlogy and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tıskaoğlu NS, Yazıcı A. Tear instability in the fellow eye of unilateral nasolacrimal obstruction and resolution with dacryocystorhinostomy. Orbit 2022:1-7. [PMID: 36069079 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2119261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of unilateral primary acquired nasolacrimal obstruction (PANDO) on ocular surface parameters in PANDOeyes and fellow eyes and changes in these parameters after dacryocystorhinostomy. METHODS Tear osmolarity, tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer's test, Meibomian gland score, and Lissamine Green staining of PANDO eyes and fellow eyes were measured preoperatively and postoperatively at Day 15, 1 month, and 3 months. Lacrimal irrigation and epiphora symptomatology were evaluated at all follow-up visits, and patients who did not meet surgical success criteria were excluded from the study. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients who underwent successful dacryocystorhinostomy surgery were included in the study. Preoperative and postoperative Day 15 Schirmer (p = .019, p = .001) and TBUT (p = .039, p = .043) were significantly lower in the fellow eye compared to PANDO eyes. The differences observed between PANDO eyes and fellow eyes in all other parameters were not significant (p > .05). Preoperatively PANDO eye parameters were normal, whereas TBUT (7.59 ± 5.39 s) and tear osmolarity (308.59 ± 17.32 mOsm/L) values of the fellow eye may be indicative of tear film instability. TBUT and tear osmolarity of the fellow eye showed significant improvement 3 months postoperatively compared to preoperative values (p = .010; p = .027 respectively). CONCLUSION Schirmer and TBUT values of the fellow eye were significantly lower than PANDO eyes preoperatively, one month after surgery there was no significant difference. TBUT and tear osmolarity of the fellow eyes may be indicative of tear instability preoperatively with improvement 3 months after dacryocystorhinostomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nesime Setge Tıskaoğlu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Ersin Arslan Research and Education Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Alper Yazıcı
- Department of Ophthalmology, Batı Göz Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Identified risk factors for dry eye syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271267. [PMID: 35984830 PMCID: PMC9390932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A meta-analytic approach was used to identify potential risk factors for dry eye syndrome. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched for studies investigated the risk factors for dry eye syndrome from their inception until September 2021. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the random-effects model. Forty-eight studies comprising 493,630 individuals were included. Older age (OR: 1.82; P<0.001), female sex (OR: 1.56; P<0.001), other race (OR: 1.27; P<0.001), visual display terminal use (OR: 1.32; P<0.001), cataract surgery (OR: 1.80; P<0.001), contact lens wear (OR: 1.74; P<0.001), pterygium (OR: 1.85; P = 0.014), glaucoma (OR: 1.77; P = 0.007), eye surgery (OR: 1.65; P<0.001), depression (OR: 1.83; P<0.001), post-traumatic stress disorder (OR: 1.65; P<0.001), sleep apnea (OR: 1.57; P = 0.003), asthma (OR: 1.43; P<0.001), allergy (OR: 1.38; P<0.001), hypertension (OR: 1.12; P = 0.004), diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.15; P = 0.019), cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.20; P<0.001), stroke (OR: 1.32; P<0.001), rosacea (OR: 1.99; P = 0.001), thyroid disease (OR: 1.60; P<0.001), gout (OR: 1.40; P<0.001), migraines (OR: 1.53; P<0.001), arthritis (OR: 1.76; P<0.001), osteoporosis (OR: 1.36; P = 0.030), tumor (OR: 1.46; P<0.001), eczema (OR: 1.30; P<0.001), and systemic disease (OR: 1.45; P = 0.007) were associated with an increased risk of dry eye syndrome. This study reported risk factors for dry eye syndrome, and identified patients at high risk for dry eye syndrome.
Collapse
|
11
|
Na JY, Huh KY, Yu KS, Hyon JY, Koo HC, Lee JH, You JC, Chung JY. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple topical ophthalmic administration of imatinib mesylate in healthy subjects. Clin Transl Sci 2022; 15:1123-1130. [PMID: 35133064 PMCID: PMC9099133 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
For the long‐term efficacy of dry eye disease treatment, relieving underlying inflammation is necessary. Imatinib mesylate is a novel ophthalmic formulation of imatinib mesylate, which is expected to alleviate inflammation by inhibiting the discoidin domain receptor 1 activity. This study aims to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of imatinib mesylate in healthy subjects. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was conducted. In a single ascending dose, 16 subjects received a single eye drop of imatinib mesylate 0.1%, 0.3%, or matching placebo. In the multiple ascending dose (MAD), subjects received multiple eye drops of imatinib mesylate 0.1%, 0.3%, or matching placebo once daily for 7 days. Safety and tolerability were assessed by ophthalmic examination, including the visual analog scale (VAS) to monitor the burning sensation in the eyes. A total of four treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred during the study. All TEAEs were mildly severe with no serious cases. VAS results in the 0.1% MAD group exhibited highest score of two points, whereas it was less than one point in others. Insignificant difference between the imatinib mesylate and placebo groups in the VAS results was seen. After a single dose administration of imatinib mesylate 0.1%, all plasma concentrations were below the lower limit of quantification. The peak plasma concentrations of imatinib were less than 0.54 µg/L in all groups. In conclusion, a single and multiple topical ophthalmic administration of imatinib mesylate was well‐tolerated in healthy subjects. Because there was minimal systemic exposure to imatinib, the adverse effect in the body seems to be insignificant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Young Na
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Young Huh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sang Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Young Hyon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | | | | | - Ji Chang You
- Avixgen Inc., Seoul, Korea.,National Research Laboratory for Molecular Virology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Chung
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dry Eye Disease (DED) is defined as a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and a vicious cycle of inflammation on the ocular surface. Despite its high prevalence and standing as one of the most common eye conditions seen by practitioners, the current treatment options available to patients have not proven adequate. AREAS COVERED This review will discuss the burden of DED, its pathophysiology, as well as emerging therapies. These therapies include immunosuppressants, immunomodulators, anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids. The mechanisms of these drugs will be discussed, as well as their phase of development and results from recent clinical trials. The literature search was performed using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Springer AdisInsight database. EXPERT OPINION The optimal therapy for DED is associated with improved bioavailability, minimal ocular side effects, and effective dosing. The ideal treatment has not yet been established, but this paper outlines a number of promising therapies. Continued development of therapies targeting the inflammation cascade, as well as the establishment of objective markers to quantify DED severity, are important aspects in the progression of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Mason
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Saad Jafri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Isabelle Dortonne
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - John D Sheppard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Akowuah PK, Kobia-Acquah E, Donkor R, Arthur C, Senanu EN, Dadzie EE, Frimpong AA, Otabil FA, Mbilia H, Owusu E, Adjei-Anang J. PREVALENCE OF MEIBOMIAN GLAND DYSFUNCTION IN AFRICA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2021; 29:374-383. [PMID: 34338611 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2021.1958351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review and summarize information on meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) epidemiology in Africa. METHODS A systematic search of online databases was conducted for literature/studies on MGD in Africa. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of MGD in Africa. Meta-regression was used to explore sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS Twelve studies conducted in five countries were included in the review. All studies were hospital-based studies. Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis; the total sample size was 4963 and participants' age range was 17-96 years. The overall prevalence estimate of MGD in Africa was 45.9% (95% CI: 27.6-64.1%). Prevalence of MGD among males and females were each pooled from three studies and in urban and rural setting from 6 and 3 studies, respectively. Prevalence of MGD among males and females were 56.0% (95% CI: 22.4-89.5%) and 58.9% (95% CI: 28.5-89.4%) respectively; in urban and rural settings were 42.8% (95% CI: 21.1-64.5%) and 65.7% (95% CI: 25.7-95.7%), respectively. There was no association of MGD with sex (p = .872) and with study setting (p = .231). CONCLUSION There is a paucity of evidence on MGD prevalence in Africa, emphasizing the need for epidemiological studies to enhance our understanding of region-specific differences in MGD in Africa. The pooled estimate from hospital-based studies, however, suggests a substantial MGD burden in Africa. Epidemiological studies are needed to assess if this translates to a high disease burden within the general African population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prince Kwaku Akowuah
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,College of Optometry and Visual Science, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Emmanuel Kobia-Acquah
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Centre for Eye Research Ireland, School of Physics, Clinical and Optometric Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard Donkor
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Christabel Arthur
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Esther Nutifafa Senanu
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Emmanuela Esi Dadzie
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Asafo Agyei Frimpong
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Fredrick Annan Otabil
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Henry Mbilia
- Eye Department, CCBRT Disability Hospital, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ebenezer Owusu
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Joseph Adjei-Anang
- Department of Optometry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alkabbani S, Jeyaseelan L, Rao AP, Thakur SP, Warhekar PT. The prevalence, severity, and risk factors for dry eye disease in Dubai - a cross sectional study. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:219. [PMID: 34001029 PMCID: PMC8127306 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-01978-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of dry eye disease is increasing globally and requires the attention of healthcare professionals as it worsens patients’ quality of life. No published studies on the epidemiology of dry eyes have been found in Dubai. Purpose To describe the epidemiology, prevalence, severity, and associated factors of dry eyes in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in 2019. Methods This was an analytical, cross-sectional, survey-based study. An online survey was distributed by email to Mohammed Bin Rashid University students, staff, and faculty and to the staff at Mediclinic City and Parkview Hospitals in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from April–June 2019. The survey included demographic questions and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Results The survey was completed by 452 participants; the majority were females (288/452; 63.7 %). The prevalence of dry eyes in Dubai was estimated to be 62.6 % (283/452), with severely dry eyes being the most prevalent (119/283; 42 %). Females, high daily screen time (> 6 h), and the use of contact lenses were found to be associated with dry eyes (P-value < 0.05, 95 % confidence interval). Age was found to be negatively correlated with prevalence of dry eyes. Exposure to smoking/shisha, history of eye injury/surgery, and nationality were not associated with dry eyes. Conclusions This is the first cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of dry eyes in Dubai (62.6 %). The majority of participants had severe dry eyes symptoms. Severely dry eyes were more common among females and users of contact lenses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12886-021-01978-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alkabbani
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Lakshmanan Jeyaseelan
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Anupama P Rao
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE.,Department Of Ophthalmology, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai Healthcare City, P O Box 251103, Dubai, UAE
| | - Sandeep P Thakur
- Department Of Ophthalmology, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai Healthcare City, P O Box 251103, Dubai, UAE
| | - Pramod T Warhekar
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE. .,Department Of Ophthalmology, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai Healthcare City, P O Box 251103, Dubai, UAE.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Matossian C, Trattler W, Loh J. Dry Eye Treatment with Topical Cyclosporine 0.1% in Chondroitin Sulfate Ophthalmic Emulsion. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:1979-1984. [PMID: 34007151 PMCID: PMC8123976 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s308088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of topical cyclosporine 0.1% in chondroitin sulfate emulsion for the treatment of dry eye. Methods This retrospective multicenter study included 100 eyes of 50 dry eye patients aged ≥18 years, with preoperative ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score >12 or corneal staining grade >1 (in either eye) who underwent dry eye treatment with topical cyclosporine 0.1% in chondroitin sulfate emulsion (Klarity-C, ImprimisRx) for 3 months. Postoperative evaluation included comparison of the changes in OSDI score and corneal staining grade after 3 months of treatment from baseline. Results From baseline to 3 months, a statistically significant improvement in mean OSDI scores (38.19 vs 24.18, p <0.001) as well as mean corneal staining grade (3.62 vs 2.20, p <0.001) was observed. The proportion of subjects with severe dry eye decreased from 62% to 20% and more than one-third (34%) of patients were in the normal OSDI range. The percentage of eyes with corneal staining grade of 2 or 3 decreased from 21% (baseline) to 8% at 3 months; 50% of the eyes had corneal staining grade of 0. The treatment was found to be safe with no adverse events observed in the study. Conclusion Dry eye treatment with twice daily cyclosporine 0.1% in chondroitin sulfate emulsion was found to be safe and effective in reducing signs and symptoms of dry eye.
Collapse
|
16
|
Metabolomics comparison of cord and peripheral blood-derived serum eye drops for the treatment of dry eye disease. Transfus Apher Sci 2021; 60:103155. [PMID: 33975808 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic peripheral blood-derived (PBS) serum eye drops have been largely used in the treatment of dry eye disease (DED). Recently, cord blood has emerged as an effective alternative serum source (cord blood serum, CBS), containing a higher amount of growth factors than PBS, it holds the promise of a better capability to stimulate corneal healing. However, the lack of a standardized method for preparation, dispensation, storage and a poor biochemical characterization still hamper the establishment of a clinical consensus. Here the metabolomes of the two different serum eye drop preparations were compared using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We found that both PBS and CBS contained several organic compounds, the majority of them already detected in human tears and may be thereby considered lacrimal substitutes. Metabolites having in the multivariate statistical analysis Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) a VIP scores > 1.0 were considered to be significantly different. All the metabolites identified were found to have a p < 0.05 in the univariate analysis. CBS, in particular, showed the highest amount of choline, myo-inositol, glutamine, creatine and β-hydroxybutyrate. These evidences constitute relevant advances towards serum eye drops characterization and confirm that cord blood is a valid alternative source of serum eye drops.
Collapse
|
17
|
Spinozzi E, Baldassarri C, Acquaticci L, Del Bello F, Grifantini M, Cappellacci L, Riccardo P. Adenosine receptors as promising targets for the management of ocular diseases. Med Chem Res 2021; 30:353-370. [PMID: 33519168 PMCID: PMC7829661 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ocular drug discovery arena has undergone a significant improvement in the last few years culminating in the FDA approvals of 8 new drugs. However, despite a large number of drugs, generics, and combination products available, it remains an urgent need to find breakthrough strategies and therapies for tackling ocular diseases. Targeting the adenosinergic system may represent an innovative strategy for discovering new ocular therapeutics. This review focused on the recent advance in the field and described the numerous nucleoside and non-nucleoside modulators of the four adenosine receptors (ARs) used as potential tools or clinical drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Spinozzi
- School of Pharmacy Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Cecilia Baldassarri
- School of Pharmacy Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Laura Acquaticci
- School of Pharmacy Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Fabio Del Bello
- School of Pharmacy Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Mario Grifantini
- School of Pharmacy Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- School of Pharmacy Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Petrelli Riccardo
- School of Pharmacy Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Toffoletto N, Saramago B, Serro AP. Therapeutic Ophthalmic Lenses: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:36. [PMID: 33379411 PMCID: PMC7824655 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing incidence of eye diseases has been registered in the last decades in developed countries due to the ageing of population, changes in lifestyle, environmental factors, and the presence of concomitant medical conditions. The increase of public awareness on ocular conditions leads to an early diagnosis and treatment, as well as an increased demand for more effective and minimally invasive solutions for the treatment of both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Despite being the most common route of ophthalmic drug administration, eye drops are associated with compliance issues, drug wastage by lacrimation, and low bioavailability due to the ocular barriers. In order to overcome these problems, the design of drug-eluting ophthalmic lenses constitutes a non-invasive and patient-friendly approach for the sustained drug delivery to the eye. Several examples of therapeutic contact lenses and intraocular lenses have been developed, by means of different strategies of drug loading, leading to promising results. This review aims to report the recent advances in the development of therapeutic ophthalmic lenses for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of eye pathologies (i.e., glaucoma, cataract, corneal diseases, or posterior segment diseases) and it gives an overview of the future perspectives and challenges in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Toffoletto
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (B.S.); (A.P.S.)
| | - Benilde Saramago
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (B.S.); (A.P.S.)
| | - Ana Paula Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (B.S.); (A.P.S.)
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pazo EE, Huang H, Fan Q, Zhang C, Yue Y, Yang L, Xu L, Moore JE, He W. Intense Pulse Light for Treating Post-LASIK Refractory Dry Eye. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 39:155-163. [PMID: 33296261 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Optimal pulse technology-intense pulse light (OPT-IPL) treatment on patients with post-LASIK refractory dry eye (DE). Background: The prevalence of dry eye disease is common and can lead to ocular discomfort, reduced visual acuity, lowered quality of vision and life. Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted on 72 eyes of 36 patients (treatment group, n = 42 eyes; control group, n = 30 eyes) who had previously undergone myopic LASIK correction with subsequent refractory DE. All eyes fulfilled the Japanese DE criteria and had not responded to conventional DE treatment. The treatment group underwent two OPT-IPL treatment sessions at 2-week intervals, while the control group received no treatment. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ocular surface disease index (OSDI), noninvasive breakup time (NITBUT), tear film lipid layer (TFLL) quality, corneal fluorescein staining, meibum gland (MG), endothelial cell count (ECC), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were assessed at baseline (D0), day-14 (D14) and day-28 (D28) after OPT-IPL treatment. Results: The mean age of treatment group and control group was 30.48 ± 5.16 years (12 females, 57%) and 31.00 ± 4.33 years (8 females, 53%), respectively. Treatment group had clinically and statistically significant improvement in NITBUT and was observed at D14 (p < 0.001) and D28 (p < 0.001). OSDI, TFLL score, and MG quality and expressibility improved significantly (p < 0.05) at D28, whereas BCVA, ECC, and IOP showed no significant changes at D14 and D28 between the groups. Conclusions: Our results suggest that post-LASIK refractory DE is safely treated with OPT-IPL treatment. OPT-IPL treatment reduced the severity of symptoms and improved the overall tear film stability in patients with severe refractory DE post-LASIK surgery. In addition, the frequency of artificial tears usage was significantly less and can be attributed to the reduction in OSDI scores due to improved TFLL and tear film stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - He Huang
- He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Can Zhang
- He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - You Yue
- He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Ling Xu
- He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Wei He
- He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Son KB. Trends in the Utilization of Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops, Including Disposable and Multiuse Forms, in South Korea: A 14-Year Longitudinal Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:720. [PMID: 32499706 PMCID: PMC7242809 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sodium hyaluronate eye drops are frequently prescribed for dry eye disease in South Korea. Objectives This study analyzed the trends in the utilization of sodium hyaluronate eye drops and evaluate the impact of the introduction of high-priced disposable forms in the South Korean market. Methods The yearly claims data for sodium hyaluronate eye drops from 2002 to 2015 were retrieved from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. Prescriptions of sodium hyaluronate eye drops were sorted by the characteristics of patients and health care institutions. Results The number of prescriptions has continuously increased and the share of disposable forms in total prescriptions reached 37% in 2015. Particularly, the prevalence of prescriptions (general users) has increased during the study period from 2,562/100,000 persons in 2002 to 14,732/100,000 persons in 2015, while the incidence of prescriptions (new users) has remained steady during the study period, approximately 3,500/100,000 persons. More female patients were noted in terms of general users and new users, and the proportion of male patients was higher in new users than in general users. The average age of general users increased during the study period, while that of new users slightly decreased. Finally, the distribution of prescription category was significantly different between sex and age groups in frequently prescribed users. Conclusions Eye drops in disposable forms, which are safe and more convenient to use, have expanded the market in South Korea and caused equity issues in utilization. Thus, the utilization of eye drops should be closely monitored from the perspectives health equity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Bok Son
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Alanazi SA. Assessment of tear film in subjects with a high body mass index. CLINICAL OPTOMETRY 2019; 11:77-84. [PMID: 31440111 PMCID: PMC6666370 DOI: 10.2147/opto.s218109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to assess the tear film in subjects with a high body mass index (BMI). METHODS Twenty male subjects aged 23-42 years (mean ± standard deviation =31.3±5.7 years) with a high BMI [median (interquartile range) =31.8 (5.2) kg/m2] were recruited. An age-matched control group of twenty male subjects aged 22-38 years with a normal BMI [20.5 (2.8) kg/m2] also participated in the study. RESULTS There were significant (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; P<0.05) differences in the BMI, non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT), and tear ferning (TF) scores between the study and control groups. There were some differences in the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear meniscus height (TMH), and phenol red thread (PRT) scores between the study and control groups, but these differences were not significant (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; P>0.05). For the study group, the NITBUT and TF tests mean scores showed a dry eye condition (8.5±2.8 s and 2.0±1.1, respectively). However, these two tests showed a normal eye condition within the control group (14.7±2.8 s and 0.7±0.6, respectively). The TMH score had strong correlations with the NITBUT (r=0.711; P=0.001) and PRT scores (r=0.566; P=0.009) and strong negative correlations with age (r=-0.503; P=0.024) and the OSDI scores (r=-0.520; P=0.018). The TF score had a strong correlation with age (r=0.579; P=0.007) and strong negtive correlations with the scores from the NITBUT (r=-0.525; P=0.018), TMH (r=-0.575; P=0.008), and PRT (r=-0.773; P=0.001) tests. CONCLUSION The acquired data suggest a high BMI has an effect on the quality of tears. The quality of tears seems to be lower in subjects with a high BMI compared with normal subjects. On the other hand, the tear volume in subjects with a high BMI was just as high and adequate as for normal eye subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saud A Alanazi
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|