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Ponette-González AG, Lewis H, Henderson BH, Carnelos D, Piñeiro G, Weathers KC, Schwede DB. Wet nitrogen (N) deposition to urban Latin America: filling in the gaps with GEOS-Chem. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT (OXFORD, ENGLAND : 1994) 2022; 278:1-119095. [PMID: 35664373 PMCID: PMC9161428 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In Latin America, atmospheric deposition is a major vector of nitrogen (N) input to urban systems. Yet, measurements of N deposition are sparse, precluding analysis of spatial patterns, temporal trends, and ecosystem impacts. Chemical transport models can be used to fill these gaps in the absence of dense measurements. Here, we evaluate the performance of a global 3-D chemical transport model in simulating spatial and interannual variation in wet inorganic N (NH4-N + NO3-N) deposition across urban areas in Latin America. Monthly wet and dry inorganic N deposition to Latin America were simulated for the period 2006-2010 using the GEOS-Chem Chemical Transport Model. Published estimates of observed wet or bulk inorganic N deposition measured between 2006-2010 were compiled for 16 urban areas and then compared with model output from GEOS-Chem. Observed mean annual inorganic N deposition to the urban study sites ranged from 5.7-14.2 kg ha-1 yr-1, with NH4-N comprising 48-90% of the total. Results show that simulated N deposition was highly correlated with observed N deposition across sites (R2 = 0.83, NMB = -50%). However, GEOS-Chem generally underestimated N deposition to urban areas in Latin America compared to observations. Underestimation due to bulk sampler dry deposition artifacts was considered and improved bias without improving correlation. In contrast to spatial variation, the model did not capture year-to-year variation well. Discrepancies between modeled and observed values exist, in part, because of uncertainties in Latin American N emissions inventories. Our findings indicate that even at coarse spatial resolution, GEOS-Chem can be used to simulate N deposition to urban Latin America, improving understanding of regional deposition patterns and potential ecological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra G. Ponette-González
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305279, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Haley Lewis
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, 365 Weil Hall P.O. Box 116580, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Barron H. Henderson
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, 365 Weil Hall P.O. Box 116580, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Danilo Carnelos
- Facultad de Agronomía, LART, Catedra de Climatología y Fenología Agrícolas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gervasio Piñeiro
- IFEVA-LART, Facultad de Agronomía, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | | | - Donna B. Schwede
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
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Ambient urban N deposition drives increased biomass and total plant N in two native prairie grass species in the U.S. Southern Great Plains. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251089. [PMID: 33956866 PMCID: PMC8101712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Remnants of native tallgrass prairie experience elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition in urban areas, with potential effects on species traits that are important for N cycling and species composition. We quantified bulk (primarily wet) inorganic N (NH4+-N + NO3--N) deposition at six sites along an urban development gradient (6–64% urban) in the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area from April 2014 to October 2015. In addition, we conducted a phytometer experiment with two common native prairie bunchgrass species––one well studied (Schizachyrium scoparium) and one little studied (Nasella leucotricha)––to investigate ambient N deposition effects on plant biomass and tissue quality. Bulk inorganic N deposition ranged from 6.1–9.9 kg ha-1 yr-1, peaked in spring, and did not vary consistently with proportion of urban land within 10 km of the sites. Total (wet + dry) inorganic N deposition estimated using bulk deposition measured in this study and modeled dry deposition was 12.9–18.2 kg ha-1 yr-1. Although the two plant species studied differ in photosynthetic pathway, biomass, and tissue N, they exhibited a maximum 2-3-fold and 2-4-fold increase in total biomass and total plant N, respectively, with 1.6-fold higher bulk N deposition. In addition, our findings indicate that while native prairie grasses may exhibit a positive biomass response to increased N deposition up to ~18 kg ha-1 yr-1, total inorganic N deposition is well above the estimated critical load for herbaceous plant species richness in the tallgrass prairie of the Great Plains ecoregion and thus may negatively affect these plant communities.
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Mgelwa AS, Kabalika Z, Hu YL. Increasing importance of nitrate-nitrogen and organic nitrogen concentrations in bulk and throughfall precipitation across urban forests in southern China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Rindy JE, Ponette-González AG, Barrett TE, Sheesley RJ, Weathers KC. Urban Trees Are Sinks for Soot: Elemental Carbon Accumulation by Two Widespread Oak Species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:10092-10101. [PMID: 31403775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Urban trees could represent important short- and long-term landscape sinks for elemental carbon (EC). Therefore, we quantified foliar EC accumulation by two widespread oak tree species-Quercus stellata (post oak) and Quercus virginiana (live oak)-as well as leaf litterfall EC flux to soil from April 2017 to March 2018 in the City of Denton, Texas, within the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area. Post oak trees accumulated 1.9-fold more EC (299 ± 45 mg EC m-2 canopy yr-1) compared to live oak trees (160 ± 31 mg EC m-2 canopy yr-1). However, in the fall, these oak species converged in their EC accumulation rates, with ∼70% of annual accumulation occurring during fall and on leaf surfaces. The flux of EC to the ground via leaf litterfall mirrored leaf-fall patterns, with post oaks and live oaks delivering ∼60% of annual leaf litterfall EC in fall and early spring, respectively. We estimate that post oak and live oak trees in this urban ecosystem potentially accumulate 3.5 t EC yr-1, equivalent to ∼32% of annual vehicular EC emissions from the city. Thus, city trees are significant sinks for EC and represent potential avenues for climate and air quality mitigation in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E Rindy
- Department of Geography and the Environment , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle #305279 , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
| | - Alexandra G Ponette-González
- Department of Geography and the Environment , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle #305279 , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
| | - Tate E Barrett
- Department of Geography and the Environment , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle #305279 , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
| | - Rebecca J Sheesley
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , 1 Bear Place #97266 , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
| | - Kathleen C Weathers
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies , Box AB , Millbrook , New York 12545 , United States
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Hernández‐Vargas G, Sánchez‐Velásquez LR, López‐Acosta JC, Noa‐Carrazana JC, Perroni Y. Relationship between soil properties and leaf functional traits in early secondary succession of tropical montane cloud forest. Ecol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan C. López‐Acosta
- Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales (CITRO), Universidad Veracruzana Veracruz Mexico
| | - Juan C. Noa‐Carrazana
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana Veracruz Mexico
| | - Yareni Perroni
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana Veracruz Mexico
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Bretón RMC, Kahl J, Bretón JGC, Canul JAS. The Influence of Meteorology and Atmospheric Transport Patterns on the Sulfate Levels in Raiwater in Orizaba Valley, Veracruz, Mexico. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/jep.2019.106049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mokondoko P, Manson RH, Ricketts TH, Geissert D. Spatial analysis of ecosystem service relationships to improve targeting of payments for hydrological services. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192560. [PMID: 29462205 PMCID: PMC5819813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Payment for hydrological services (PHS) are popular tools for conserving ecosystems and their water-related services. However, improving the spatial targeting and impacts of PHS, as well as their ability to foster synergies with other ecosystem services (ES), remain challenging. We aimed at using spatial analyses to evaluate the targeting performance of México's National PHS program in central Veracruz. We quantified the effectiveness of areas targeted for PHS in actually covering areas of high HS provision and social priority during 2003-2013. First, we quantified provisioning and spatial distributions of two target (water yield and soil retention), and one non-target ES (carbon storage) using InVEST. Subsequently, pairwise relationships among ES were quantified by using spatial correlation and overlap analyses. Finally, we evaluated targeting by: (i) prioritizing areas of individual and overlapping ES; (ii) quantifying spatial co-occurrences of these priority areas with those targeted by PHS; (iii) evaluating the extent to which PHS directly contribute to HS delivery; and (iv), testing if PHS targeted areas disproportionately covered areas with high ecological and social priority. We found that modelled priority areas exhibited non-random distributions and distinct spatial patterns. Our results show significant pairwise correlations between all ES suggesting synergistic relationships. However, our analysis showed a significantly lower overlap than expected and thus significant mismatches between PHS targeted areas and all types of priority areas. These findings suggest that the targeting of areas with high HS provisioning and social priority by Mexico's PHS program could be improved significantly. This study underscores: (1) the importance of using maps of HS provisioning as main targeting criteria in PHS design to channel payments towards areas that require future conservation, and (2) the need for future research that helps balance ecological and socioeconomic targeting criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Mokondoko
- Postgraduate Division, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- Functional Ecology Netwrok, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Robert H. Manson
- Functional Ecology Netwrok, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Taylor H. Ricketts
- Rubenstein School for Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
| | - Daniel Geissert
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
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Montoya L, Bandala VM, Ramos A, Garay-Serrano E. The ectomycorrhizae of Lactarius rimosellus and Lactarius acatlanensis with the endangered Fagus grandifolia var. mexicana. Symbiosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-017-0489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sosa V, Ornelas JF, Ramírez-Barahona S, Gándara E. Historical reconstruction of climatic and elevation preferences and the evolution of cloud forest-adapted tree ferns in Mesoamerica. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2696. [PMID: 27896030 PMCID: PMC5119233 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cloud forests, characterized by a persistent, frequent or seasonal low-level cloud cover and fragmented distribution, are one of the most threatened habitats, especially in the Neotropics. Tree ferns are among the most conspicuous elements in these forests, and ferns are restricted to regions in which minimum temperatures rarely drop below freezing and rainfall is high and evenly distributed around the year. Current phylogeographic data suggest that some of the cloud forest-adapted species remained in situ or expanded to the lowlands during glacial cycles and contracted allopatrically during the interglacials. Although the observed genetic signals of population size changes of cloud forest-adapted species including tree ferns correspond to predicted changes by Pleistocene climate change dynamics, the observed patterns of intraspecific lineage divergence showed temporal incongruence. Methods Here we combined phylogenetic analyses, ancestral area reconstruction, and divergence time estimates with climatic and altitudinal data (environmental space) for phenotypic traits of tree fern species to make inferences about evolutionary processes in deep time. We used phylogenetic Bayesian inference and geographic and altitudinal distribution of tree ferns to investigate ancestral area and elevation and environmental preferences of Mesoamerican tree ferns. The phylogeny was then used to estimate divergence times and ask whether the ancestral area and elevation and environmental shifts were linked to climatic events and historical climatic preferences. Results Bayesian trees retrieved Cyathea, Alsophyla, Gymnosphaera and Sphaeropteris in monophyletic clades. Splits for species in these genera found in Mesoamerican cloud forests are recent, from the Neogene to the Quaternary, Australia was identified as the ancestral area for the clades of these genera, except for Gymnosphaera that was Mesoamerica. Climate tolerance was not divergent from hypothesized ancestors for the most significant variables or elevation. For elevational shifts, we found repeated change from low to high elevations. Conclusions Our data suggest that representatives of Cyatheaceae main lineages migrated from Australia to Mesoamerican cloud forests in different times and have persisted in these environmentally unstable areas but extant species diverged recentrly from their ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Sosa
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Ornelas
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Santiago Ramírez-Barahona
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Etelvina Gándara
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC, Carretera antigua a Coatepec, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.,Instituto de Ciencias/Herbario y Jardín Botánico, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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Griffith KT, Ponette-González AG, Curran LM, Weathers KC. Assessing the influence of topography and canopy structure on Douglas fir throughfall with LiDAR and empirical data in the Santa Cruz mountains, USA. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:270. [PMID: 25893759 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric inputs to forest ecosystems vary considerably over small spatial scales due to subtle changes in relief and vegetation structure. Relationships between throughfall fluxes (ions that pass through the canopy in water), topographic and canopy characteristics derived from sub-meter resolution light detection and ranging (LiDAR), and field measurements were compared to test the potential utility of LiDAR in empirical models of atmospheric deposition. From October 2012 to May 2013, we measured bulk (primarily wet) deposition and sulfate-S, chloride (Cl(-)), and nitrate-N fluxes beneath eight clusters of Douglas fir trees differing in size and canopy exposure in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California. For all trees sampled, LiDAR data were used to derive canopy surface height, tree height, slope, and canopy curvature, while tree height, diameter (DBH), and leaf area index were measured in the field. Wet season throughfall fluxes to Douglas fir clusters ranged from 1.4 to 3.8 kg S ha(-1), 17-54 kg Cl(-) ha(-1), and 0.2-4 kg N ha(-1). Throughfall S and Cl(-) fluxes were highest under clusters with large trees at topographically exposed sites; net fluxes were 2-18-fold greater underneath exposed/large clusters than all other clusters. LiDAR indices of canopy curvature and height were positively correlated with net sulfate-S fluxes, indicating that small-scale canopy surface features captured by LiDAR influence fog and dry deposition. Although tree diameter was more strongly correlated with net sulfate-S throughfall flux, our data suggest that LiDAR data can be related to empirical measurements of throughfall fluxes to generate robust high-resolution models of atmospheric deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Griffith
- Department of Geography, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305279, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
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Shiklomanov AN, Levia DF. Stemflow acid neutralization capacity in a broadleaved deciduous forest: the role of edge effects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 193:45-53. [PMID: 25005886 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition is an important pathway for moisture, nutrient, and pollutant exchange among the atmosphere, forest, and soils. Previous work has shown the importance of proximity to the forest edge to chemical fluxes in throughfall, but far less research has considered stemflow. This study examined the difference in acid neutralization capacity (ANC) of stemflow of nineteen Liriodendron tulipifera L. (yellow poplar) trees between the forest edge and interior in a rural area of northeastern Maryland. We measured ANC directly via potentiometric titration. Stemflow from trees at the forest edge was found to have significantly higher and more variable pH and ANC than in the forest interior (p < 0.01). No mathematical trend between ANC and distance to the forest edge was observed, indicating the importance of individual tree characteristics in stemflow production and chemistry. These results reaffirm the importance of stemflow for acid neutralization by deciduous tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Shiklomanov
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Delphis F Levia
- Departments of Geography & Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Ponette-González AG, Marín-Spiotta E, Brauman KA, Farley KA, Weathers KC, Young KR. Hydrologic Connectivity in the High-Elevation Tropics: Heterogeneous Responses to Land Change. Bioscience 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/bit013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Silva L, Anand M. Historical links and new frontiers in the study of forest-atmosphere interactions. COMMUNITY ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.14.2013.2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gómez-Guerrero A, Silva LCR, Barrera-Reyes M, Kishchuk B, Velázquez-Martínez A, Martínez-Trinidad T, Plascencia-Escalante FO, Horwath WR. Growth decline and divergent tree ring isotopic composition (δ(13) C and δ(18) O) contradict predictions of CO2 stimulation in high altitudinal forests. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2013; 19:1748-1758. [PMID: 23504983 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Human-induced changes in atmospheric composition are expected to affect primary productivity across terrestrial biomes. Recent changes in productivity have been observed in many forest ecosystems, but low-latitude upper tree line forests remain to be investigated. Here, we use dendrochronological methods and isotopic analysis to examine changes in productivity, and their physiological basis, in Abies religiosa (Ar) and Pinus hartwegii (Ph) trees growing in high-elevation forests of central Mexico. Six sites were selected across a longitudinal transect (Transverse Volcanic Axis), from the Pacific Ocean toward the Gulf of Mexico, where mature dominant trees were sampled at altitudes ranging from 3200 to 4000 m asl. A total of 60 Ar and 84 Ph trees were analyzed to describe changes in growth (annual-resolution) and isotopic composition (decadal-resolution) since the early 1900s. Our results show an initial widespread increase in basal area increment (BAI) during the first half of the past century. However, BAI has decreased significantly since the 1950s with accentuated decline after the 1980s in both species and across sites. We found a consistent reduction in atmosphere to wood (13) C discrimination, resulting from increasing water use efficiency (20-60%), coinciding with rising atmospheric CO2 . Changes in (13) C discrimination were not followed, however, by shifts in tree ring δ(18) O, indicating site- and species-specific differences in water source or uptake strategy. Our results indicate that CO2 stimulation has not been enough to counteract warming-induced drought stress, but other stressors, such as progressive nutrient limitation, could also have contributed to growth decline. Future studies should explore the distinct role of resource limitation (water vs. nutrients) in modulating the response of high-elevation ecosystems to atmospheric change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Gómez-Guerrero
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Postgrado Forestal, Km. 36.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, CP, Montecillo, Texcoco, 56230, Estado de México
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Das R, Lawrence D, D'Odorico P, DeLonge M. Impact of land use change on atmospheric P inputs in a tropical dry forest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jg001403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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