Rapp JT, Vollmer TR. Stereotypy I: a review of behavioral assessment and treatment.
RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2005;
26:527-47. [PMID:
15885981 DOI:
10.1016/j.ridd.2004.11.005]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2004] [Revised: 11/04/2004] [Accepted: 11/09/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we review definitional issues related to stereotypy, behavioral interpretations of stereotypy, procedures for determining operant function(s) of stereotypy, and behavioral interventions for stereotypy. In general, a preponderance of the assessment literature suggests that most forms of stereotypy are maintained by automatic reinforcement. Review of the treatment literature suggests that antecedent (e.g., environmental enrichment) and consequent (e.g., differential reinforcement of alternative behavior) interventions produce at least short-term reductions in stereotypy. Suggestions for further assessment and treatment of stereotypy are provided.
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