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Okamoto-Shibayama K, Sekino J, Yoshikawa K, Saito A, Ishihara K. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of oral Treponema species. Anaerobe 2017; 48:242-248. [PMID: 29030100 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Treponemes occur in the microflora of the dental plaque. Certain Treponema species that are frequently isolated from chronic periodontitis lesions are involved in its initiation and progression. In addition to mechanical instrumentation, antimicrobial agents are used as an adjunctive treatment modality for periodontitis. Despite its importance for successful antimicrobial treatment, information about susceptibility is limited for Treponema species. The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility of Treponema denticola strains, Treponema socranskii, and Treponema vincentii to eleven antimicrobial agents. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of these antimicrobial agents revealed strain-specific variation. Doxycycline, minocycline, azithromycin, and erythromycin were effective against all Treponema species tested in this study, whereas fluoroquinolones only exhibited an equivalent effectiveness on T. socranskii. The susceptibility of one T. denticola strain, T. socranskii, and T. vincentii to kanamycin was influenced by prior exposure to aerobic conditions. The susceptibility to quinolone drugs varied among strains of T. denticola, although they share an amino acid sequence identity of greater than 99% for DNA gyrase (type II topoisomerase) subunit A. In addition, an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter inhibitor assay for T. denticola indicated that the transport of quinolone drugs is partially related to this transporter, although there may be parallel transport mechanisms. Our results provide important insights into antimicrobial agent-Treponema dynamics and establish a basis for developing an appropriate adjunctive therapy for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Okamoto-Shibayama
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Jin Sekino
- Tokyo Metropolitan Center for Oral Health of Persons with Disabilities, Central Plaza 8F·9F, Kaguragashi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0823, Japan; Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kouki Yoshikawa
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ishihara
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan.
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Imamura K, Okamura Y, Matsumoto Y, Mashimo Y, Tomita S, Sugito H, Saito A. Periodontal Surgery Involving Modified Widman Flap Procedure and Connective Tissue Graft for Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis: A Case Report. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2017; 57:259-268. [PMID: 28049974 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2016-1700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of generalized aggressive periodontitis (AgP) requiring periodontal treatment including flap surgery and ridge augmentation. The patient was a 39-year-old woman who presented with the chief complaint of pus discharge from tooth #36. No other obvious signs of gingival inflammation were observed. Periodontal examination revealed multiple sites with a probing depth of ≥10 mm. Radiography showed pro-nounced bone defects in the maxillary incisors and molar region. Real-time PCR was used to detect Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia in subgingival plaque; all 3 pathogens were found. Based on a clinical diagnosis of generalized AgP, periodontal therapy was initiated, which resulted in an improvement in clinical and microbiological parameters. A modified Widman flap procedure was then performed on sites with residual periodontal pockets. Next, a connective tissue graft was performed for ridge augmentation at #22, which had shown evidence of ridge resorption. Postoperative reevaluation revealed a reduction in probing depth and an improvement in marginal bone levels. Oral function was then restored using a fixed bridge prosthesis and maintenance therapy initiated. The periodontal condition has remained stable over a 2.5-year period. In the present case of AgP, surgical intervention reduced periodontal pockets and periodontal pathogens and improved the architecture of both the hard and soft tissues, allowing subsequent care of the periodontium to be performed efficiently by the patient.
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Irokawa D, Makino-Oi A, Fujita T, Yamamoto S, Tomita S, Saito A. Adjunct Antimicrobial Therapy and Periodontal Surgery to Treat Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis: A Case Report. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2016; 57:105-14. [DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2015-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takahisa Fujita
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College
- Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, Tokyo Dental Clinic
| | - Shigeki Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College
- Yamamoto Dental Clinic
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Makino-Oi A, Ishii Y, Hoshino T, Okubo N, Sugito H, Hosaka Y, Fukaya C, Nakagawa T, Saito A. Effect of periodontal surgery on oral health-related quality of life in patients who have completed initial periodontal therapy. J Periodontal Res 2015; 51:212-20. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Makino-Oi
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Ishii
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Hoshino
- Department of Clinical Oral Health Science; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Okubo
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Sugito
- Department of Clinical Oral Health Science; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Hosaka
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery; School of Medicine; Keio University; Tokyo Japan
| | - C. Fukaya
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery; School of Medicine; Keio University; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Nakagawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery; School of Medicine; Keio University; Tokyo Japan
| | - A. Saito
- Department of Periodontology; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
- Oral Health Science Center; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
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Tipton DA, Babu JP, Dabbous MK. Effects of cranberry components on human aggressive periodontitis gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res 2012; 48:433-42. [PMID: 23106206 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) causes rapid periodontal breakdown involving AgP gingival fibroblast production of cytokines [i.e. interleukin (IL)-6, a bone metabolism regulator], and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3. Lipopolysaccharide upregulates fibroblast IL-6 and MMP-3, via transcription factors (i.e. NF-κB). Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage and normal gingival fibroblast activities, but little is known of its effects on AgP fibroblasts. Objectives of this study are to use AgP fibroblasts, to determine cytotoxicity of cranberry components or periodontopathogen (Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide ± cranberry components, and effects of cranberry components on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NF-κB activation and IL-6 and MMP-3 production. MATERIAL AND METHODS AgP fibroblasts were incubated ≤ 6 d with high molecular weight non-dialyzable material (NDM) (derived from cranberry juice (1-500 μg/mL) or lipopolysaccharide (1 μg/mL) ± NDM. Membrane damage and viability were assessed by enzyme activity released into cell supernatants and activity of a mitochondrial enzyme, respectively. Secreted IL-6 and MMP-3 were measured by ELISA. NF-κB p65 was measured via binding to an oligonucleotide containing the NF-κB consensus site. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Scheffe's F procedure for post hoc comparisons. RESULTS Short-term exposure to NDM, or lipopolysaccharide ± NDM caused no membrane damage. NDM (≤ 100 μg/mL) or lipopolysaccharide ± NDM had no effect on viability ≤ 7 d exposure. NDM (50 μg/mL) inhibited lipopolysaccharide-stimulated p65 (P ≤ 0.003) and constitutive or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated MMP-3 (P ≤ 0.02). NDM increased AgP fibroblast constitutive or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated IL-6 (P ≤ 0.0001), but inhibited normal human gingival fibroblast IL-6 (P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION Lack of toxicity of low NDM concentrations, and its inhibition of NF-κB and MMP-3, suggest that cranberry components may regulate AgP fibroblast inflammatory responses. Distinct effects of NDM on AgP and gingival fibroblast production of IL-6 (which can have both positive and negative effects on bone metabolism) may reflect phenotypic differences in IL-6 regulation in the two cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Tipton
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Takanashi T, Fujinami K, Matsuzaki M, Sekine H, Saito A. Treatment of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis With Enamel Matrix Derivative and Implant Prosthesis: A Case Report. Clin Adv Periodontics 2012. [DOI: 10.1902/cap.2012.110080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Roshna T, Nandakumar K. Generalized aggressive periodontitis and its treatment options: case reports and review of the literature. Case Rep Med 2012; 2012:535321. [PMID: 22291715 PMCID: PMC3265097 DOI: 10.1155/2012/535321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Generalized aggressive periodontitis results in rapid destruction of the periodontium and can lead to early tooth loss in the affected individuals if not diagnosed early and treated appropriately. The diagnostic features of the disease are characteristic, but the clinical presentation and patterns of destructions may vary between patients. Successful management of the disease is challenging especially if diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease, but not impossible with the current therapeutic choices for the disease. A vast array of treatment modalities is available which can be employed in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis with varying success rates, but a definite guideline for the management is yet to be formulated. However, with the exponential rate of developments in periodontal research, regenerative therapy, tissue engineering, and genetic technologies, the future seems promising in regard to options at managing the disease. This paper attempts to describe the clinical and radiographic diagnostic features and the current treatment options along with a suggested protocol for comprehensive management of generalized aggressive periodontitis patients with case reports and a brief review.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Roshna
- Department of Periodontics, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal 462010, India
| | - K. Nandakumar
- Department of Periodontics, Azeezia Dental College, Kollam 691537, India
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Gopinath V, Ramakrishnan T, Emmadi P, Ambalavanan N, Mammen B, Vijayalakshmi. Effect of a controlled release device containing minocycline microspheres on the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A comparative study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2009; 13:79-84. [PMID: 20407655 PMCID: PMC2847129 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.55844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adjunctive therapy with locally delivered antimicrobials has resulted in improved clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of locally administered minocycline microspheres (Arestin) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 sites from 15 patients in the age group of 35-50 years, who had periodontal pockets measuring 5-8 mm and had been diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, were selected for the study. The selected groups were randomly assigned to either the control group (group A) or the treatment/test group (group B). Only scaling and root planing were done at the base line visit for the control sites followed by local application of Arestin (1 mg). Clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, and gingival bleeding index were recorded at baseline, day 30, day 90, and day 180 in the selected sites of both the groups. Probing pocket depth also was recorded at baseline, day 90, and day 180 for both the groups. RESULTS A statistically significant reduction was observed in both groups. Group B showed better results than Group A and these differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION The results of this study clearly indicate that treatment with scaling and root planing plus minocycline microspheres (Arestin) is more effective and safer than scaling and root planing alone in reducing the signs of chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Gopinath
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Poonamalee High Road, Velapanchavadi, Chennai - 77, India
| | - T. Ramakrishnan
- Professor, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Alapakkam Main Road, Maduravoyal, Chennai - 95, India
| | - Pamela Emmadi
- Professor and Head, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Alapakkam Main Road, Maduravoyal, Chennai - 95, India
| | - N. Ambalavanan
- Professor, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Alapakkam Main Road, Maduravoyal, Chennai - 95, India
| | - Biju Mammen
- Associate Professor, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Alapakkam Main Road, Maduravoyal, Chennai - 95, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi
- Lecturer, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Alapakkam Main Road, Maduravoyal, Chennai - 95, India
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Saito A, Nanbu Y, Nagahata T, Yamada S. Treatment of Intrabony Periodontal Defects with Enamel Matrix Derivative in Private Practice: A Long-term Retrospective Study. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2008; 49:89-96. [DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.49.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Takahashi N, Ishihara K, Kimizuka R, Okuda K, Kato T. The effects of tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline and ofloxacin on Prevotella intermedia biofilm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 21:366-71. [PMID: 17064394 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2006.00305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Prevotella intermedia, a black-pigmented, anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium, is associated with various type of periodontitis. Antibiotic treatments via a systemic or local route have been reported as being useful for treating periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of four antibiotics, tetracycline (TET), minocycline (MINO), doxycycline (DOXY) and ofloxacin (OFLX) on P. intermedia biofilms at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) from one-fold to 100-fold. MICs were determined for planktonic cells. Biofilm formation was determined with the crystal violet stain method and the bioactivities in the biofilms were determined with the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) -bioluminescent assay using a 96-well culture plate. At one-fold MIC, DOXY inhibited biofilm formation by P. intermedia ATCC 25611. Other antibiotics at one-fold MIC had no effects on the biofilm formation of tested bacterial strains. In P. intermedia ATCC 25611 biofilms, all the antibiotics tested showed inhibitory activities at five- to 100-fold MICs. In the biofilms of P. intermedia strains, except ATCC 25611, treated with three tetracycline antibiotics, the bioactivities were significantly increased, indicating the difficulties involved in designing antibiotic therapy for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takahashi
- Oral Health Science Centre, Tokyo Dental College, Masago, Chiba, Japan
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Vyas SP, Sihorkar V, Mishra V. Controlled and targeted drug delivery strategies towards intraperiodontal pocket diseases. J Clin Pharm Ther 2000; 25:21-42. [PMID: 10771461 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2710.2000.00261.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the understanding of the aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and microbiology of periodontal pocket flora have revolutionized the strategies for the management of intraperiodontal pocket diseases. Intra-pocket, sustained release, drug delivery devices have been shown to be clinically effective in the treatment of periodontal infections. Several degradable and non-degradable devices are under investigation for the delivery of antimicrobial agents into the periodontal pocket including non-biodegradable fibres, films (biodegradable and non-biodegradable), bio-absorbable dental materials, biodegradable gels/ointments, injectables and microcapsules. With the realization that pocket bacteria accumulate as biofilms, studies are now being directed towards eliminating/killing biofilm concentrations rather than their planktonic (fluid phase) counterparts. Intraperiodontal pocket drug delivery has emerged as a novel paradigm for the future research. Similarly, bioadhesive delivery systems are explored that could significantly improve oral therapeutics for periodontal disease and mucosal lesions. A strategy is to target a wide range of molecular mediators of tissue destruction and hence arrest periodontal disease progression. Research into regenerating periodontal structures lost as a result of disease has also shown substantial progress in the last 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Vyas
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr H. S. Gour University, Sagar, M.P., India.
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van Steenberghe D, Rosling B, Söder PO, Landry RG, van der Velden U, Timmerman MF, McCarthy EF, Vandenhoven G, Wouters C, Wilson M, Matthews J, Newman HN. A 15-month evaluation of the effects of repeated subgingival minocycline in chronic adult periodontitis. J Periodontol 1999; 70:657-67. [PMID: 10397521 DOI: 10.1902/jop.1999.70.6.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A double-blind, randomized, parallel, comparative study was designed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of subgingivally administered minocycline ointment versus a vehicle control. METHODS One hundred four patients (104) with moderate to severe adult periodontitis (34 to 64 years of age; mean 46 years) were enrolled in the study. Following scaling and root planing, patients were randomized to receive either 2% minocycline ointment or a matched vehicle control. Study medication was administered directly into the periodontal pocket with a specially designed, graduated, disposable applicator at baseline; week 2; and at months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Scaling and root planing was repeated at months 6 and 12. Standard clinical variables (including probing depth and attachment level) were evaluated at baseline and at months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15. Microbiological sampling using DNA probes was done at baseline; at week 2; and at months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15. RESULTS Both treatment groups showed significant and clinically relevant reductions in the numbers of each of the 7 microorganisms measured during the entire 15-month study period. When differences were detected, sites treated with minocycline ointment always produced statistically significantly greater reductions than sites which received the vehicle control. For initial pockets > or =5 mm, a mean reduction in probing depth of 1.9 mm was seen in the test sites, versus 1.2 mm in the control sites. Sites with a baseline probing depth > or =7 mm and bleeding index >2 showed an average of 2.5 mm reduction with minocycline versus 1.5 mm with the vehicle. Gains in attachment (0.9 mm and 1.1 mm) were observed in minocycline-treated sites, with baseline probing depth > or =5 mm and > or =7 mm, respectively, compared with 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm gain at control sites. Subgingival administration of minocycline ointment was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results demonstrate that repeated subgingival administration of minocycline ointment in the treatment of adult periodontitis is safe and leads to significant adjunctive improvement after subgingival instrumentation in both clinical and microbiologic variables over a 15-month period.
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Jendresen MD, Allen EP, Bayne SC, Donovan TE, Hansson TL, Klooster J, Kois JC. Annual review of selected dental literature: report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 1995; 74:60-99. [PMID: 7674193 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(05)80231-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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