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Hirata R, Iwata T, Fujita T, Nagahara T, Matsuda S, Sasaki S, Taniguchi Y, Hamamoto Y, Ouhara K, Kudo Y, Kurihara H, Mizuno N. Periostin regulates integrin expression in gingival epithelial cells. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:170-178. [PMID: 38048847 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) function as a mechanical barrier against invasion by pathogenic organisms through epithelial cell-cell junction complexes, which are complex components of integrin. Integrins play an important role in the protective functions of HGECs. Human periodontal ligament (HPL) cells regulate periodontal homeostasis. However, periodontitis results in the loss of HPL cells. Therefore, as replenishment, HPL cells or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be transplanted. Herein, HPL cells and MSCs were used to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of HGECs, assuming periodontal tissue homeostasis. METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), HGECs, HPL cells, and MSCs were cultured, and the conditioned medium was collected. With or without silencing periostin mRNA, HGECs were cultured under normal conditions or in a conditioned medium. Integrin and periostin mRNA expression was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Integrin protein expression was analyzed using flow cytometry, and periostin protein expression was determined via western blotting. RESULTS The conditioned medium affected integrin expression in HGECs. Higher expression of periostin was observed in MSCs and HPL cells than in HGFs. The conditioned medium that contained periostin protein regulated integrin expression in HGECs. After silencing periostin in MSCs and HPL cells, periostin protein was not detected in the conditioned medium, and integrin expression in HGECs remained unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Integrins in HGECs are regulated by periostin secreted from HPL cells and MSCs. This result suggests that periostin maintains gingival cell adhesion and regulates bacterial invasion/infection. Therefore, the functional regulation of periostin-secreting cells is important in preventing periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reika Hirata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsuda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shinya Sasaki
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yuri Taniguchi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yuta Hamamoto
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Hidemi Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Iwata T, Kaneda-Ikeda E, Takahashi K, Takeda K, Nagahara T, Kajiya M, Sasaki S, Ishida S, Yoshioka M, Matsuda S, Ouhara K, Fujita T, Kurihara H, Mizuno N. Regulation of osteogenesis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via histone deacetylase 1 and 2 co-cultured with human gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:83-96. [PMID: 36346011 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the regulatory mechanism of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) differentiation mediated by humoral factors derived from human periodontal ligament (HPL) cells and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). We analyzed histone deacetylase (HDAC) expression and activity involved in BM-MSC differentiation and determined their regulatory effects in co-cultures of BM-MSCs with HPL cells or HGFs. BACKGROUND BM-MSCs can differentiate into various cell types and can, thus, be used in periodontal regenerative therapy. However, the mechanism underlying their differentiation remains unclear. Transplanted BM-MSCs are affected by periodontal cells via direct contact or secretion of humoral factors. Therefore, their activity is regulated by humoral factors derived from HPL cells or HGFs. METHODS BM-MSCs were indirectly co-cultured with HPL cells or HGFs under osteogenic or growth conditions and then analyzed for osteogenesis, HDAC1 and HDAC2 expression and activity, and histone H3 acetylation. BM-MSCs were treated with trichostatin A, or their HDAC1 or HDAC2 expression was silenced or overexpressed during osteogenesis. Subsequently, they were evaluated for osteogenesis or the effects of HDAC activity. RESULTS BM-MSCs co-cultured with HPL cells or HGFs showed suppressed osteogenesis, HDAC1 and HDAC2 expression, and HDAC phosphorylation; however, histone H3 acetylation was enhanced. Trichostatin A treatment remarkably suppressed osteogenesis, decreasing HDAC expression and enhancing histone H3 acetylation. HDAC1 and HDAC2 silencing negatively regulated osteogenesis in BM-MSCs to the same extent as that achieved by indirect co-culture with HPL cells or HGFs. Conversely, their overexpression positively regulated osteogenesis in BM-MSCs. CONCLUSION The suppressive effects of HPL cells and HGFs on BM-MSC osteogenesis were regulated by HDAC expression and histone H3 acetylation to a greater extent than that mediated by HDAC activity. Therefore, regulation of HDAC expression has prospects in clinical applications for effective periodontal regeneration, mainly, bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eri Kaneda-Ikeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keita Takahashi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Takeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Biological Endodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinya Sasaki
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shu Ishida
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Minami Yoshioka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsuda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hidemi Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Mansour AM, Yahia S, Elsayed HRH, El-Attar SAE, Grawish ME, El-Hawary YM, El-Sherbiny IM. Efficacy of biocompatible trilayers nanofibrous scaffold with/without allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells on class II furcation defects of dogs' model. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2537-2553. [PMID: 34661742 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the regenerative capacity of a newly-developed polycaprolactone (PCL)-based nanofibrous composite scaffold either alone or in combination with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) as a treatment modality for class II furcation defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS After ADSCs isolation and scaffold characterization, the mandibular premolars of adult male mongrel dogs were selected and randomly assigned into three equal groups. In group I, class II furcation defects were surgically induced to the inter-radicular bone. While class II furcation defects of group II were induced as in group I. In addition, the defects were filled with the prefabricated scaffold. Moreover, class II furcation defects of group III were induced as in group II and instead the defects were filled with the prefabricated scaffold seeded with ADSCs. The dogs were sacrificed at 30 days or at 60 days. Periodontal wound healing/regeneration was evaluated by radiological examination using cone beam computed tomography and histologically using ordinary, histochemical, and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS In the two examination periods, group II defects compared to group I, and group III compared to the other groups showed a decrease in defect dimensions radiographically. Histologically, histochemically, and immunohistochemically, they significantly demonstrated better periodontal wound healing/regeneration, predominant collagen type I of newly formed bone and periodontal ligament with a significant increase in the immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial growth factor and osteopontin. CONCLUSIONS The newly fabricated nanofibrous scaffold has enhanced periodontal wound healing/regeneration of class II furcation defects with further enhancement achieved when ADSCs seeded onto the scaffold before implantation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The implementation of our newly-developed PCL-based nanofibrous composite scaffolds in class II furcation defect either alone or in conjunction with ADSCs can be considered as a suitable treatment modality to allow periodontal tissues regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M Mansour
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt
| | - Sarah Yahia
- Nanomedicine Labs, Center of Materials Sciences (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | | | - Saied A E El-Attar
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed E Grawish
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt
| | - Youssry M El-Hawary
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Labs, Center of Materials Sciences (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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Dental Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: A New Prospect in Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Kaneda-Ikeda E, Iwata T, Mizuno N, Nagahara T, Kajiya M, Ouhara K, Yoshioka M, Ishida S, Kawaguchi H, Kurihara H. Regulation of osteogenesis via miR-101-3p in mesenchymal stem cells by human gingival fibroblasts. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:442-455. [PMID: 31970478 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-019-01080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into various types of cells and can thus be used for periodontal regenerative therapy. However, the mechanism of differentiation is still unclear. Transplanted MSCs are, via their transcription factors or microRNAs (miRNAs), affected by periodontal cells with direct contact or secretion of humoral factors. Therefore, transplanted MSCs are regulated by humoral factors from human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Moreover, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is secreted from HGF and regulates periodontal regeneration. To clarify the regulatory mechanism for MSC differentiation by humoral factors from HGF, we identified key genes, specifically miRNAs, involved in this process, and determined their function in MSC differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mesenchymal stem cells were indirectly co-cultured with HGF in osteogenic or growth conditions and then evaluated for osteogenesis, undifferentiated MSC markers, and characteristic miRNAs. MSCs had their miRNA expression levels adjusted or were challenged with IGF-1 during osteogenesis, or both of which were performed, and then, MSCs were evaluated for osteogenesis or undifferentiated MSC markers. RESULTS Mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with HGF showed suppression of osteogenesis and characteristic expression of ETV1, an undifferentiated MSC marker, as well as miR-101-3p. Over-expression of miR-101-3p regulated osteogenesis and ETV1 expression as well as indirect co-culture with HGF. IGF-1 induced miR-101-3p and ETV1 expression. However, IGF-1 did not suppress osteogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Humoral factors from HGF suppressed osteogenesis in MSCs. The effect was regulated by miRNAs and undifferentiated MSC markers. miR-101-3p and ETV1 were the key factors and were regulated by IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kaneda-Ikeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Minami Yoshioka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shu Ishida
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hidemi Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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El Moshy S, Radwan IA, Rady D, Abbass MMS, El-Rashidy AA, Sadek KM, Dörfer CE, Fawzy El-Sayed KM. Dental Stem Cell-Derived Secretome/Conditioned Medium: The Future for Regenerative Therapeutic Applications. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:7593402. [PMID: 32089709 PMCID: PMC7013327 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7593402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine literature has proposed mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell- (MSC-) mediated therapeutic approaches for their great potential in managing various diseases and tissue defects. Dental MSCs represent promising alternatives to nondental MSCs, owing to their ease of harvesting with minimally invasive procedures. Their mechanism of action has been attributed to their cell-to-cell contacts as well as to the paracrine effect of their secreted factors, namely, secretome. In this context, dental MSC-derived secretome/conditioned medium could represent a unique cell-free regenerative and therapeutic approach, with fascinating advantages over parent cells. This article reviews the application of different populations of dental MSC secretome/conditioned medium in in vitro and in vivo animal models, highlights their significant implementation in treating different tissue' diseases, and clarifies the significant bioactive molecules involved in their regenerative potential. The analysis of these recent studies clearly indicate that dental MSCs' secretome/conditioned medium could be effective in treating neural injuries, for dental tissue regeneration, in repairing bone defects, and in managing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, hepatic regeneration, and skin injuries, through regulating anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, angiogenic, osteogenic, and neurogenic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara El Moshy
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Israa Ahmed Radwan
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Rady
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. S. Abbass
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aiah A. El-Rashidy
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khadiga M. Sadek
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kaneda-Ikeda E, Iwata T, Mizuno N, Nagahara T, Kajiya M, Takeda K, Hirata R, Ishida S, Yoshioka M, Fujita T, Kawaguchi H, Kurihara H. Periodontal ligament cells regulate osteogenesis via miR-299-5p in mesenchymal stem cells. Differentiation 2020; 112:47-57. [PMID: 31951879 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The periodontal ligament contains periodontal ligament cells, which is a heterogeneous cell population, and includes progenitor cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts/cementoblasts. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into various cells and can be used for periodontal regenerative therapy. Therefore, transplanted MSCs can be affected by humoral factors from periodontal ligament cells via the transcription factors or microRNAs (miRNAs) of MSCs. In addition, periostin (POSTN) is secreted from HPL cells and can regulate periodontal regeneration and homeostasis. To clarify the regulatory mechanism of humoral factors from periodontal ligament cells, we attempted to identify key genes, specifically microRNAs, involved in this process. METHODS Human MSCs (hMSCs) were indirectly co-cultured with human periodontal ligament cells (HPL cells) and then evaluated for osteogenesis, undifferentiated MSCs markers, and miRNA profiles. Furthermore, hMSCs were indirectly co-cultured with HPL cells in the presence of anti-POSTN monoclonal antibody (anti-POSTN Ab) to block the effect of POSTN from HPL cells, and then evaluated for osteogenesis or undifferentiated MSC markers. Moreover, hMSCs showed alterations in miRNA expression or cultured with HPL were challenged with POSTN during osteogenesis, and cells were evaluated for osteogenesis or undifferentiated MSC markers. RESULTS hMSCs co-cultured with HPL cells showed suppressed osteogenesis and characteristic expression of SOX11, an undifferentiated MSC marker, as well as miR-299-5p. Overexpression of miR-299-5p regulated osteogenesis and SOX11 expression as observed with indirect co-culture with HPL cells. Furthermore, MSCs co-cultured with HPL cells were recovered from the suppression of osteogenesis and SOX11 mRNA expression by anti-POSTN Ab. However, POSTN induced miR-299-5p and SOX11 expression, and enhanced osteogenesis. CONCLUSION Humoral factors from HPL cells suppressed osteogenesis in hMSCs. The suppressive effect was mediated by miR-299-5p and SOX11 in hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kaneda-Ikeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Takeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan; Department of Biological Endodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Reika Hirata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shu Ishida
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Minami Yoshioka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan; Department of Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hidemi Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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Proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and human dental pulp cells co-cultured in hydrogel. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 109:104582. [PMID: 31605918 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in three-dimensional co-culture system which was established with the help of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and hydrogel. METHODS hDPCs and hUCMSCs were cultured in different concentrations of hydrogel to explore the more suitable concentrations for subsequent experiments. hUCMSCs and hDPCs induced by BMP-2 were co-cultured in the hydrogel. MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability. The differentiation into odontoblast-like cells were measured by the mRNA expression of dentin salivary phosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. Alizarin red staining was performed for the formation of mineralized nodules. RESULTS hUCMSCs and hDPCs could grow and proliferate in hydrogel scaffold. The growth rate of cells in lower concentrations hydrogels were higher than that of high concentrations hydrogels (P < 0.05). The study showed that 0.25% hydrogel scaffold was more suitable for subsequent experiments than other groups. Compared with hUCMSCs-monoculture and hDPCs-monoculture, the co-culture groups exhibited more proliferative potential, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization nodule formation (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression in co-culture groups were higher than that of hUCMSCs-monoculture, closed to or even higher than that of hDPCs-monoculture. CONCLUSION 0.25% hydrogel was the suitable concentration in co-culture system for subsequent experiments. The co-culture groups had stronger abilities of odontoblastic differentiation and mineralization than cells-monoculture groups, indicated that the co-culture conditions could regulate cell proliferation and differentiation within a certain range.
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Sun R, Xu S, Wang Z. Rat sinus mucosa- and periosteum-derived exosomes accelerate osteogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21947-21961. [PMID: 31074002 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is commonly used for alveolar bone augmentation. The paracrine mechanism in the field of bone tissue engineering has been emphasized in recent years and exosomes are considered to have the potential of promoting osteogenesis. We aimed to study the influence of sinus mucosa and periosteum on bone regeneration through paracrine stimulation, especially via exosomes, and compare the differences between them. Here, we report that conditioned medium (CM) from sinus mucosa-derived cells (SMCs) and periosteum-derived cells (PCs) and the isolated exosomes enhanced the proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in vitro. A rat model of femoral bone defects was used to demonstrate that the exosomes derived from SMCs (SMC-Exos) and PCs (PC-Exos) can accelerate bone formation in vivo. Furthermore, we present a preliminary discussion of the possible functional components involved in the effects of SMC-Exos and PC-Exos on bone regeneration. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that the sinus mucosa and periosteum can accelerate osteogenesis through paracrine effects and the exosomes play important roles in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruinan Sun
- Department of Oral Implant, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Department of Oral Implant, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuolin Wang
- Department of Oral Implant, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Lovati AB, Corradetti B, Cremonesi F, Bizzaro D, Consiglio AL. Tenogenic Differentiation of Equine Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells under Indirect Co-Culture. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139881203501105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna B. Lovati
- University of Milan, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Reproduction Unit, Lodi - Italy
- IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Milan - Italy
| | - Bruna Corradetti
- Polytechnic University of the Marche, Environmental and Life Sciences Department, Ancona - Italy
| | - Fausto Cremonesi
- University of Milan, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Reproduction Unit, Lodi - Italy
| | - Davide Bizzaro
- Polytechnic University of the Marche, Environmental and Life Sciences Department, Ancona - Italy
| | - Anna Lange Consiglio
- University of Milan, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Reproduction Unit, Lodi - Italy
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Bogdanowicz DR, Lu HH. Designing the stem cell microenvironment for guided connective tissue regeneration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1410:3-25. [PMID: 29265419 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell source for regenerative medicine because of their ability to self-renew and their capacity for multilineage differentiation and tissue regeneration. For connective tissues, such as ligaments or tendons, MSCs are vital to the modulation of the inflammatory response following acute injury while also interacting with resident fibroblasts to promote cell proliferation and matrix synthesis. To date, MSC injection for connective tissue repair has yielded mixed results in vivo, likely due to a lack of appropriate environmental cues to effectively control MSC response and promote tissue healing instead of scar formation. In healthy tissues, stem cells reside within a complex microenvironment comprising cellular, structural, and signaling cues that collectively maintain stemness and modulate tissue homeostasis. Changes to the microenvironment following injury regulate stem cell differentiation, trophic signaling, and tissue healing. Here, we focus on models of the stem cell microenvironment that are used to elucidate the mechanisms of stem cell regulation and inspire functional approaches to tissue regeneration. Recent studies in this frontier area are highlighted, focusing on how microenvironmental cues modulate MSC response following connective tissue injury and, more importantly, how this unique cell environment can be programmed for stem cell-guided tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R Bogdanowicz
- Biomaterials and Interface Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Helen H Lu
- Biomaterials and Interface Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Takewaki M, Kajiya M, Takeda K, Sasaki S, Motoike S, Komatsu N, Matsuda S, Ouhara K, Mizuno N, Fujita T, Kurihara H. MSC/ECM Cellular Complexes Induce Periodontal Tissue Regeneration. J Dent Res 2017; 96:984-991. [PMID: 28521114 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517708770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which possess self-renewing properties and multipotency, into a periodontal defect is thought to be a useful option for periodontal tissue regeneration. However, developing more reliable and predictable implantation techniques is still needed. Recently, we generated clumps of an MSC/extracellular matrix (ECM) complex (C-MSC), which consisted of cells and self-produced ECM. C-MSCs can regulate their cellular functions in vitro and can be grafted into a defect site, without any artificial scaffold, to induce bone regeneration. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of C-MSC transplantation on periodontal tissue regeneration in beagle dogs. Seven beagle dogs were employed to generate a premolar class III furcation defect model. MSCs isolated from dog ilium were seeded at a density of 7.0 × 104 cells/well into 24-well plates and cultured in growth medium supplemented with 50 µg/mL ascorbic acid for 4 d. To obtain C-MSCs, confluent cells were scratched using a micropipette tip and were then torn off as a cellular sheet. The sheet was rolled up to make round clumps of cells. C-MSCs were maintained in growth medium or osteoinductive medium (OIM) for 5 or 10 d. The biological properties of C-MSCs were evaluated in vitro, and their periodontal tissue regenerative activity was tested by using a dog class III furcation defect model. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that type I collagen fabricated the form of C-MSCs. OIM markedly elevated calcium deposition in C-MSCs at day 10, suggesting its osteogenic differentiation capacity. Both C-MSCs and C-MSCs cultured with OIM transplantation without an artificial scaffold into the dog furcation defect induced periodontal tissue regeneration successfully compared with no graft, whereas osteogenic-differentiated C-MSCs led to rapid alveolar bone regeneration. These findings suggested that the use of C-MSCs refined by self-produced ECM may represent a novel predictable periodontal tissue regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takewaki
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - M Kajiya
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Takeda
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S Sasaki
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S Motoike
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - N Komatsu
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S Matsuda
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Ouhara
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - N Mizuno
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Fujita
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Kurihara
- 1 Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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Kim K, Jeon M, Lee HS, Park JC, Moon SJ, Kim SO, Cho SW, Song JS. Comparative analysis of secretory factors from permanent- and deciduous-teeth periodontal ligament cells. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 71:65-79. [PMID: 27448989 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies of regenerative therapies have focused on the paracrine effects of mesenchymal stem cells, but little has been revealed about the humoral factors of periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the secretory factors of human permanent- and deciduous-teeth PDL cells (P-PDL and D-PDL cells, respectively) in order to understand the characteristics of these cells and their potential applications in regenerative therapies. DESIGN Conditioned media were collected from P-PDL and D-PDL cells (P-PDL-CM and D-PDL-CM, respectively). These media were analyzed with high-performance liquid-chromatography-coupled electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and a cytokine membrane assay. In addition, Western blot analysis was performed to verify the differences between the two media. RESULTS Cytokines related to neurogenesis (NT-3 and NT-4) and angiogenesis-related cytokines (EGF and IGF-1) were identified in P-PDL-CM. The expression levels of immune-response-related cytokines (interleukins I, II, and IV) and secreted proteins related to tissue degradation and catalytic activities (matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1), Proteasome subunit, alpha type, 1 (PSMA1), and cullin 7 (CUL7)) were higher in D-PDL-CM. Vasorin (VASN) was expressed more strongly in P-PDL-CM, but tudor domain containing 7 (TDRD7) was expressed more strongly in D-PDL-CM in Western blot analysis. CONCLUSION The cytokine expressions of the two cell types showed different patterns, especially in neurogenesis and immune responses. P-PDL cells are more suitable candidates for applications in regenerative therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Culture Media, Conditioned
- Cytokines/immunology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dentition, Permanent
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Female
- Humans
- Infant
- Male
- Periodontal Ligament/cytology
- Periodontal Ligament/metabolism
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Tooth, Deciduous
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirim Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijeong Jeon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Seol Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Chul Park
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jun Moon
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Oh Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Won Cho
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Seon Song
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Shimizu Y, Sato S. In vitro study on regeneration of periodontal tissue microvasculature using human dedifferentiated fat cells. J Periodontol 2016; 86:129-36. [PMID: 25102139 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human dedifferentiated fat cells (HDFATs) may be a new cell type suitable for regenerative therapies. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of HDFATs for vascular regeneration of periodontal tissue. To do this, HDFATs and human gingival endothelial cells (HGECs) were cocultivated, and vascular regeneration was examined in vitro. METHODS HDFATs were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue, and HGECs were isolated from gingival cells using anti-cluster of differentiation 31 antibody-coated magnetic beads. HDFATs were cocultured with HGECs in microvascular endothelial cell growth medium-2 (EGM-2MV) for 7 days. Expression of endothelial cell (EC) markers, the formation of capillary-like tubes, and the expression of pericyte markers were determined. RESULTS HDFATs, cultured in EGM-2MV or cocultured with HGECs, expressed EC markers. HDFATs in both conditions initiated tube formation within 5 hours of seeding and formed extensive capillary-like structures within 12 hours. These structures disintegrated within 24 hours when cells were cultured in EGM-2MV alone, whereas cocultured HDFATs maintained tubes for >24 hours. Cocultured HDFATs significantly increased expression of pericyte markers, a cell type associated with microvasculature. CONCLUSION HDFATs possess the ability to express EC markers, and coculture with HGECs promotes differentiation into pericytes involved in the maturation and stabilization of the microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Shimizu
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan
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15
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Yi T, Jun CM, Kim SJ, Yun JH. Evaluation of In Vivo Osteogenic Potential of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2-Overexpressing Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Combined with Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Block Scaffolds in a Critical-Size Bone Defect Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:501-12. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- TacGhee Yi
- Translational Research Center and Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Man Jun
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Yun
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Nagahara T, Yoshimatsu S, Shiba H, Kawaguchi H, Takeda K, Iwata T, Mizuno N, Fujita T, Kurihara H. Introduction of a mixture of β-tricalcium phosphate into a complex of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and type I collagen can augment the volume of alveolar bone without impairing cementum regeneration. J Periodontol 2014; 86:456-64. [PMID: 25494830 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) could be a promising modality to help augment alveolar bone in periodontal tissue regeneration by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). METHODS Expanded BMMSCs and atelocollagen (Col) were mixed together (MSC/Col). A combination of β-TCP with MSC/Col was also prepared (MSC/Col/TCP). MSC/Col/TCP or MSC/Col was transplanted into experimental periodontal Class III furcation defects that had been exposed to inflammation in beagle dogs. Periodontal tissue regeneration was evaluated by histologic and morphometric analyses at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation. RESULTS MSC/Col and MSC/Col/TCP enhanced periodontal tissue regeneration compared to Col and TCP/Col according to hematoxylin and eosin staining. The percentage of new cementum length in the MSC/Col/TCP group was not significantly different from that in the MSC/Col group at 4 and 8 weeks. On the other hand, the percentage of new bone area in the MSC/Col/TCP group was much higher than that in the MSC/TCP group at 4 weeks. However, at 8 weeks, no significant difference in new bone area was found between the two groups. In the MSC/Col/TCP group, β-TCP was surrounded by newly formed bone. Multinucleated cells, which were positive for osteopontin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, were present in the interconnected macropores of β-TCP. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that β-TCP is applicable as a scaffold for BMMSCs transplantation and helps augment alveolar bone without impairing regeneration of cementum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayosi Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Applied Life Science, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Liu J, Wang L, Liu W, Li Q, Jin Z, Jin Y. Dental follicle cells rescue the regenerative capacity of periodontal ligament stem cells in an inflammatory microenvironment. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108752. [PMID: 25275580 PMCID: PMC4183515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are one of the best candidates for periodontal regeneration. Their function could be impaired in periodontitis microenvironment. Dental follicle cells (DFCs), serving as precursor cells and mesenchymal stem cells, have intimate connection with PDLSCs. However, it is still unknown whether DFCs could provide a favorable microenvironment to improve the proliferation and differentiation capacity of PDLSCs from healthy subjects (HPDLSCs) and patients diagnosed with periodontitis (PPDLSCs). Methods HPDLSCs, PPDLSCs and DFCs were harvested and identified using microscopic and flow cytometric analysis. Then, the coculture systems of DFCs/HPDLSCs and DFCs/PPDLSCs were established with 0.4 µm transwell, in which all the detection indexs were obtained from HPDLSCs and PPDLSCs. The expression of stemness-associated genes was detected by real-time PCR, and the proliferation ability was assessed using colony formation and cell cycle assays. The osteogenic differentiation capacity was evaluated by real-time PCR, western blot, ALP activity, Alizarin Red S staining and calcium level analysis, while the adipogenic differentiation capacity was determined by real-time PCR and Oil Red O staining. The cell sheet formation in vitro was observed by HE staining and SEM, and the implantation effect in vivo was evaluated using HE staining and Masson’s trichrome staining. Results PPDLSCs had a greater proliferation capability but lower osteogenic and adipogenic potential than HPDLSCs. DFCs enhanced the proliferation and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of HPDLSCs and PPDLSCs to different degrees. Moreover, coculture with DFCs increased cell layers and extracellular matrix of HPDLSCs/PPDLSCs cell sheets in vitro and improved periodontal regeneration by HPDLSCs/PPDLSCs in vivo. Conclusions Our data suggest that the function of PPDLSCs could be damaged in the periodontitis microenvironment. DFCs appear to enhance the self-renewal and multi-differentiation capacity of both HPDLSCs and PPDLSCs, which indicates that DFCs could provide a beneficial microenvironment for periodontal regeneration using PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of General Dentistry & Emergency, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zuolin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (ZJ); (YJ)
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (ZJ); (YJ)
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Jung IH, Lee SH, Jun CM, Oh N, Yun JH. Characterization of the enhanced bone regenerative capacity of human periodontal ligament stem cells engineered to express the gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein 2. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2189-99. [PMID: 24494708 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) are considered an appropriate cell source for therapeutic strategies. The aims of this study were to investigate the sustainability of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) secretion and the bone regenerative capacity of hPDLSCs that had been genetically modified to express the gene encoding BMP2 (BMP2). hPDLSCs isolated from healthy third molars were transduced using replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus (rAd) encoding BMP2 (hPDLSCs/rAd-BMP2), and the cellular characteristics and osteogenic potentials of hPDLSCs/rAd-BMP2 were analyzed both in vitro and in vivo. hPDLSCs/rAd-BMP2 successfully secreted BMP2, formed colonies, and expressed immunophenotypes similar to their nontransduced counterparts. As to their osteogenic potential, hPDLSCs/rAd-BMP2 formed greater mineralized nodules and exhibited significantly higher levels of expression of BMP2 and the gene encoding alkaline phosphatase, and formed more and better quality bone than other hPDLSC-containing or recombinant human BMP2-treated groups, being localized at the initial site until 8 weeks. The findings of the present study demonstrate that hPDLSCs/rAd-BMP2 effectively promote osteogenesis not only in vitro but also in vivo. The findings also suggest that hPDLSCs can efficiently carry and deliver BMP2, and that hPDLSCs/rAd-BMP2 could be used in an attractive novel therapeutic approach for the regeneration of deteriorated bony defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Im-Hee Jung
- Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Inha University , Incheon, Republic of Korea
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19
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Proksch S, Steinberg T, Stampf S, Schwarz U, Hellwig E, Tomakidi P. Crosstalk on cell behavior in interactive cocultures of hMSCs with various oral cell types. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:2601-10. [PMID: 22881458 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When prospectively applied for regenerative therapies, human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) interact with the locally residing host cells. With respect to the developmentally particular origin of oral cells, little is known about the putatively discriminative behavioral responses of hMSCs in interaction with various oral cell types, including human alveolar bone osteoblasts (hOAs), periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLs), and gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). To assess the crosstalk between hMSCs and oral cells, interactive cocultures were established by combining well-characterized hMSCs with hOAs, hPDLs, or hGFs, and the behavioral hMSC aspects, that is, proliferation and gene expression, were measured by employing a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction, while apoptosis was quantified by in situ cell death detection kit. hMSCs expressed the typical antigen spectrum lacking CD34, CD45, CD14, CD19, and HLA-DR, while expressing CD73, CD90, and CD105, and could successfully be transformed into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Monocultured control hMSCs proliferated readily, whereas a general reduction of BrdU-labeled cells was observed in cocultures. Globally, upon extending time periods, interactive coculture combinations of hMSCs with hOAs reduced both osteogenic gene and stem cell marker transcription in hMSCs, a phenomenon appearing less pronounced by combining hMSCs with hPDLs, such that the observed effects in terms of proliferation and gene expression followed the same ranking: hOAs>hGFs>hPDLs. Vice versa, in interactive hMSC cocultures, the cell survival rate was significantly increased, irrespective from the combined coculture cell counterpart. Our results show for the first time that behavior of hMSCs reflected by proliferation and gene expression was governed by interaction with various oral cells in a cell-type-discriminative manner. In addition, hMSC coculture restrains apoptosis, such that influences on cell behavior appear as a crosstalk. In summary, interactive cocultures render the basis for a prospective prediction of mutual cell behavior in hMSC-based oral tissue regeneration disclosing that oral cells shift hMSC behavior from proliferation to differentiation and apoptosis-repressing features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Proksch
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dental School and Hospital, University Freiburg Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany
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Park JC, Lee SM, Kim JC, Yun JH, Cho KS, Im GI, Kim BS, Kim CS. Effect of humoral factors from hPDLSCs on the biologic activity of hABCs. Oral Dis 2012; 18:537-47. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2012.01906.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bai Y, Bai Y, Matsuzaka K, Hashimoto S, Fukuyama T, Wu L, Miwa T, Liu X, Wang X, Inoue T. Cementum- and periodontal ligament-like tissue formation by dental follicle cell sheets co-cultured with Hertwig's epithelial root sheath cells. Bone 2011; 48:1417-26. [PMID: 21376148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dental follicle cells (DFCs) are believed contain the precursor cells of the periodontium and can form cell sheets by secreting extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Cell sheet engineering has been recently developed and applied successfully in the field of tissue regeneration. However, research on the in vitro characteristics of DFC sheets is lacking and an assessment of whether DFC sheets can produce periodontal tissues in vivo has not been reported. To test the characteristics and applicability of DFC sheets in this field, we established a co-culture system of rat DFCs and Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) cells in vitro, and included the following controls: a co-culture of DFCs and alveolar mucosa epithelial cells, DFCs with no cells in the upper chamber, and DFCs cultured without an upper chamber. After 3 weeks of co-culturing the cells, the DFC sheets were transplanted into adult male rats' omenta. One week after co-culturing DFCs with HERS cells, mRNA levels of collagen type I (COL-1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx 2) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) were increased significantly. In addition, after 3 weeks of co-culturing the cells, the numbers of ALP-, osteocalcin (OCN)-, BSP- and osteoprotegerin (OPG)-positive DFCs increased. The DFCs also produced more calcified nodules and exhibited an increased number of subcellular organelles, which are important for protein synthesis and secretion. Moreover, gap junctions were found between the experimental DFCs within the sheet. Five weeks of in vivo growth of DFC sheets pre-exposed to HERS cells led to the formation of cementum-like tissues, which were positive for OCN, BSP and OPG, as well as the formation of periodontal ligament-like tissues, which were positive for COL-1. In contrast, control cells only produced fibrous tissues. These results indicate that the DFC sheets induced by HERS cells are able to produce periodontal tissues through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Therefore, DFC sheets may be useful in the field of periodontium regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Bai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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22
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Bai Y, Bai Y, Matsuzaka K, Hashimoto S, Kokubu E, Wang X, Inoue T. Formation of bone-like tissue by dental follicle cells co-cultured with dental papilla cells. Cell Tissue Res 2010; 342:221-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-010-1046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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23
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Song ZC, Shu R, Zhang XL. Cellular responses and expression profiling of human bone marrow stromal cells stimulated with enamel matrix proteins in vitro. Cell Prolif 2009; 43:84-94. [PMID: 19922487 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2009.00656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate biological effects and gene expression profiles of enamel matrix proteins (EMPs), on human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSCs), for preliminary understanding of mechanisms involved in promoting periodontal regeneration by EMPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS EMPs were extracted using the acetic acid method, and HBMSCs from human bone marrow aspirates were cultured. Attachment levels, level of cells morphologically attenuated, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and staining of HBMSCs were measured in the absence and in the presence of EMPs. Microarray analysis was performed to detect gene profiles of HBMSCs by treatment with 200 microg/ml EMPs, for 5 days. Four differential genes were selected for validation of the microarray data using real-time PCR. RESULTS EMPs promoted proliferation and ALP activity of HBMSCs in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and at a concentration of 200 microg/ml significantly enhanced proliferation and ALP expression. However, there were no significant changes between EMP-treated groups and the control group in cell attachment and cell process attenuation levels. Twenty-seven genes were differentially expressed by HBMSCs in the presence of EMPs. Expressions of 18 genes were upregulated and expressions of nine genes were found to be downregulated. There was good consistency between data obtained from the validation group and microarray results. CONCLUSIONS EMPs promoted cell proliferation and differentiation and gene expression profiles of HBMSCs were affected. This may help elucidation of mechanisms involved in promoting regeneration of periodontal tissues by EMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Song
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Indirect co-culture with tenocytes promotes proliferation and mRNA expression of tendon/ligament related genes in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotechnology 2009; 61:1-10. [PMID: 19842053 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-009-9233-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidences have suggested that humoral factors released from the appropriate co-cultured cells influenced the expansion and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, little is known about the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs subjected to co-culture condition with tenocytes. In this study, we aimed to establish a co-culture system of MSCs and tenocytes and investigate the proliferation and tendon/ligament related gene expression of MSCs. MTT assay was used to detect the expansion of MSCs. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed to investigate the expression of proliferation associated c-fos gene and tendon/ligament related genes, including type I collagen (Col I), type III collagen (Col III), tenascin C and scleraxis. Significant increase in MSCs expansion was observed after 3 days of co-culture with tenocytes. The c-fos gene expression was found distinctly higher than for control group on day 4 and day 7 of co-culture. The mRNA expression of four tendon/ligament related genes was significantly up-regulated after 14 days of co-culture with tenocytes. Thus, our research indicates that indirect co-culture with tenocytes promotes the proliferation and mRNA expression of tendon/ligament related genes in MSCs, which suggests a directed differentiation of MSCs into tendon/ligament.
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