Efficacy of combination of Viola odorata, Rosa damascena and Coriandrum sativum in prevention of migraine attacks: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Edible Herbal Medicines as an Alternative to Common Medication for Sleep Disorders: A Review Article

Insomnia is repeated difficulty in falling asleep, maintaining sleep, or experiencing lowquality sleep, resulting in some form of daytime disturbance. Sleeping disorders cause daytime fatigue, mental confusion, and over-sensitivity due to insufficient recovery from a sound sleep. There are some drugs, such as benzodiazepines and anti-histaminic agents, which help to sleep induction and insomnia cure. However, the prolonged administration is unsuitable because of tolerance and dependence. Therefore, the researchers attempt to find new medicines with lesser adverse effects. Natural products have always been good sources for developing new therapeutics for managing diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, insomnia, and liver and renal problems. Ample research has justified the acceptable reason and relevance of the use of these herbs in the treatment of insomnia. It is worth noting that in this study, we looked into various Persian herbs in a clinical trial and in vivo to treat insomnia, such as Artemisia annua, Salvia reuterana, Viola tricolor, Passiflora incarnata, lettuce, and Capparis spinose. According to research, herb extracts and fractions, particularly n-butanol fractions with non-polar agents, impact the benzodiazepine receptors and have hypnotic properties. Also, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins in practically every plant are mentioned making them the popular natural compounds to help with sleep disorders and promote calmness.

Treatment of opium addiction in persian medicine: A review study

Drug abuse is one of the most important threats to human beings today, leading to disability and even early death. In the past, opium had only therapeutic uses, but now, drug addiction is one of the major public health problems in Iran. Opium and its derivatives are the most commonly used illicit drugs in this country. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the treatment strategies of opium addiction from the perspective of Persian medicine. In this narrative review, the search was conducted using appropriate keywords in the authoritative books of Persian medicine documentations of databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, American Academy of Medical Sciences, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes with keywords of opioid and opium since 2000 AD. In Persian medicine books, "Afioon" means poppy plant (Papaver somniferum), which is called opium in English and "Theriac" in Persian. To quit, they should be gradually reduced and replaced with appropriate spices such as henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) seeds or mandrake (Mandragora officinarum) fruit or root or poppy (P. somniferum) seeds or poppy shell or Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds, or castor testis or nutmeg (Myristans fragrans) fruit or ajwain (Trachyspermum copticum) seeds or baked bread. Opioid quit should be gradual and delayed in time of consumption and gradual reduction of opium levels, and bodies that have become lean for a long time will gradually recover with adequate nutrition over time.

Phytomedicines in the Treatment of Migraine

Migraine is a disabling neurovascular disorder with few targeted, tolerable and effective treatments. Phytomedicines, or plant-based medicinal formulations, hold great promise in the identification of novel therapeutic targets in migraine. Many patients also turn toward herbal and plant-based therapies for the treatment of their migraines as clinical and preclinical evidence of efficacy increases. Patients seek effective and tolerable treatments instead of or in addition to current conventional pharmacologic therapies. We review some phytomedicines potentially useful for migraine treatment-feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium), butterbur (Petasites hybridus), marijuana (Cannabis spp.), Saint John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) and the Damask rose (Rosa × damascena)-with respect to their mechanisms of action and evidence for treatment of migraine. The evidence for feverfew is mixed; butterbur is effective with potential risks of hepatotoxicity related to preparation; marijuana has not been shown to be effective in migraine treatment, and data are scant; Saint John's Wort shows relevant physiological activity but is a hepatic enzyme inducer and lacks clinical studies for this purpose; the Damask rose when used in topical preparations did not show efficacy in one clinical trial. Other plant preparations have been considered for migraine treatment but most without blinded randomized, placebo-controlled trial evidence.