1
|
Shin SW, Kim H, Kang YH, Kim J. Accelerometer-derived physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns among Korean adults. Phys Act Nutr 2023; 27:25-33. [PMID: 37583069 PMCID: PMC10440183 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to provide an overview of accelerometer-derived physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) patterns among Korean adults. We also investigated the association between participant characteristics and the likelihood of adherence to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), SB, and the MVPA-SB guidelines. METHODS Data from the 2014-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. The study involved a nationally representative sample of 2,260 Korean adults aged ≥20 years. Accelerometers were used to measure PA and SB for seven days. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the participant characteristics and the likelihood of adhering to the MVPA, SB, and MVPA-SB guidelines. RESULTS SB (60.61%), light intensity (26.22%), and lifestyle activities (9.4%) accounted for the majority of the participants' days. MVPA and vigorous physical activity (VPA) accounted for 3.72% and 0.06% of the days, respectively. The MVPA guidelines were more likely to be adhered to by men, older adults, participants with higher education, non-smokers, and individuals without multimorbidity. Participants with higher education and household income were less likely to adhere to the SB guidelines. Women (OR=0.51), participants with high education levels (OR=0.54), current smokers (OR=0.47), and patients with multimorbidity (OR=0.46) were less likely to adhere to the MVPA-SB guidelines. CONCLUSION This study found that participants were predominantly sedentary, with only a small proportion engaging in VPA. There were differences related to demographic factors and health status. Most Korean adults do not adhere to the recommended MVPA-SB guidelines, and that is a serious public health concern. These findings highlight the need to promote PA and reduce SB through public health policies and interventions, particularly for adults facing PA barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Woo Shin
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Laboratory, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmin Kim
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Laboratory, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hun Kang
- Research Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghoon Kim
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Laboratory, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- School of Applied Health, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, CA 95521, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baek SU, Lee WT, Kim MS, Lim MH, Yoon JH, Won JU. Association between long working hours and physical inactivity in middle-aged and older adults: a Korean longitudinal study (2006-2020). J Epidemiol Community Health 2023; 77:355-361. [PMID: 37028925 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-220129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated associations for long working hours in relation to physical inactivity and high-level physical activity among middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Our study included 5402 participants and 21 595 observations from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2006-2020). Logistic mixed models were used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs. Physical inactivity was defined as not engaging in any type of physical activity, while high-level physical activity was defined as engaging in ≥150 min per week of physical activity. RESULTS Working >40 hours weekly was positively related to physical inactivity (OR (95% CI) 1.48 (1.35 to 1.61)) and negatively related to high-level physical activity (0.72 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.79)). Exposure to long working hours consecutively for ≥3 waves was associated with the highest OR for physical inactivity (1.62 (95% CI 1.42 to 1.85)) and the lowest OR for high-level physical activity (0.71 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.82)). Furthermore, compared with persistent short working hours (≤40 hours → ≤40 hours), long working hours in a previous wave (>40 hours → ≤40 hours) were associated with a higher OR of physical inactivity (1.28 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.49)). Exposure to an increase in working hours (≤40 hours → >40 hours) was also associated with a higher OR of physical inactivity (1.53 (95% CI 1.29 to 1.82)). CONCLUSION We found that having working long hours was associated with a higher risk of physical inactivity and a lower likelihood of high-level physical activity. Moreover, accumulation of long working hours was associated with a higher risk of physical inactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Uk Baek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Won-Tae Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Myeong-Hun Lim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jong-Uk Won
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The art of forming habits: applying habit theory in changing physical activity behaviour. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Habits are obtained as a consequence of cue-contingent behavioural repetition. Context cues stimulate strong habits without an individual contemplating that action has been initiated. Because of its health-enhancing effects, making physical activity a part of one’s life is essential. This study examined the associations of physical activity (PA) behaviours with PA habits and the role of autonomous motivation in developing PA habits.
Methods
This study used a cross-sectional design. A structured questionnaire was implemented through emails to 226 university students, where PA levels, habits and autonomous motivation were self-reported.
Results
Binary logistic regression identified age groups, gender and participants who were trying to lose weight as the significant predictors in meeting physical activity guidelines. Path analysis showed that moderate-intensity physical activity (β = 0.045, CI = 0.069–0.248) and strength training exercises (β = 0.133, CI = 0.148–0.674) were significantly associated with PA habits (p < 0.01). Autonomous motivation was directly associated with PA habits (β = 0.062, CI = [0.295–0.541], p < 0.01) and was also significantly related to moderate-intensity physical activity (β = 0.243, CI = [0.078–0.266], p < 0.01) and strength training exercises (β = 0.202, CI = [0.033–0.594], p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The emphasis on experiment-based logic and interest in habit formation in the research community is extensive. As the college years offer an excellent opportunity to establish healthy behavioural interventions, encouraging students in regular PA and exhibiting an autonomous motivation towards PA may be necessary.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma J, Kim H, Kim J. Isotemporal Substitution Analysis of Accelerometer-Derived Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity on Cardiometabolic Health in Korean Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111102. [PMID: 34769622 PMCID: PMC8583396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Reducing sedentary behavior and increasing physical activity may be important for maintaining good cardiometabolic health. However, many studies have focused on the independent effect of sedentary behavior and physical activity, but it is unclear whether replacing time spent in sedentary behavior with physical activity is beneficial for cardiometabolic health. Therefore, this population-based cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the effect of behavioral transformations between sedentary behavior and level of physical activity on cardiometabolic health in Korean adults using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2014-2017. The study participants included 2197 adults from the KNHANES. In the partition model, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was significantly associated with adverse cardiometabolic health, adjusted for potential confounding factors. The odds ratio for adverse cardiometabolic health significantly decreased with the replacement of sedentary behavior and light intensity activity with MVPA in the isotemporal substitution model (p < 0.05). In the models stratified by sex, we observed significant associations between handgrip strength and cardiometabolic health in women (p < 0.001), but not in men. Thus, our findings suggest that replacing sedentary behavior with MVPA may contribute to improved cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Ma
- Faculty of Physical Education, Sendai University, Miyagi 989-1693, Japan; (J.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Hyunshik Kim
- Faculty of Physical Education, Sendai University, Miyagi 989-1693, Japan; (J.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Junghoon Kim
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Laboratory, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49112, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-410-4792
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang Y, Jiang C, Xu L, Zhang W, Zhu F, Jin Y, Cheng KK, Lam TH. Mortality in relation to changes in physical activity in middle-aged to older Chinese: An 8-year follow-up of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 10:430-438. [PMID: 32827710 PMCID: PMC8343063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is generally encouraged. Studies from developed countries in the West have shown that maintenance of adequate PA or increasing PA are associated with lower mortality risk. It is unclear whether these associations apply to an older Chinese population. Hence, we examined the changes in PA prospectively among a middle-aged and older Chinese population over an average of 4 years and explored their subsequent mortality risks. METHODS Metabolic equivalent scores of PA among participants in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study were calculated. Participants were divided into 3 groups related to PA level, and changes in PA were classified into 9 categories. Information on vital status and causes of death from March 2008 to December 2012 (the first repeated examination) until December 31, 2017, was obtained via record linkage with the Death Registry. RESULTS Of 18,104 participants aged 61.21 ± 6.85 years (mean ± SD), 1461 deaths occurred within 141,417 person-years. Compared to participants who maintained moderate PA, those who decreased PA from moderate or high levels to a low level had increased risks for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.47, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.11-1.96). Participants who maintained a high level of PA (HR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.70-0.98) or increased PA from low to high levels (HR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.52-0.97) showed lower all-cause mortality risks. Those who maintained low PA levels showed a higher all-cause mortality risk, whereas those who increased their PA levels showed a non-significantly lower risk. Similar results were found for cardiovascular disease risk. CONCLUSION Even at an older age, maintaining a high PA level or increasing PA from low to high levels results in lower mortality risks, suggesting that substantial health benefits might be achieved by maintaining or increasing engagement in adequate levels of PA. The increased risk of maintaining a low PA level or decreasing PA to a low level warrants the attention of public health officials and clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyue Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chaoqiang Jiang
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Centre, Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Weisen Zhang
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Centre, Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China.
| | - Feng Zhu
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Centre, Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Yali Jin
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Centre, Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Kar Keung Cheng
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Centre, Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China; School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Association of Physical Activity and Mortality Risk Reduction Among Smokers: Results From 1998-2009 National Health Interview Surveys-National Death Index Linkage. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:865-871. [PMID: 31387083 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mortality benefits of meeting the US federal guidelines for physical activity, which includes recommendations for both aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities, have never been examined among smokers. Our aim was to investigate the association between reporting to meet the guidelines and all-cause, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease mortality among smokers. METHODS We pooled data from the 1998-2009 National Health Interview Survey, which were linked to records in the National Death Index (n = 68,706). Hazard ratios (HR) were computed to estimate the effect of meeting the physical activity guidelines on mortality. RESULTS Smokers who reported meeting the guidelines for physical activity had 29% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.81), 46% lower risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease (HR: 0.54; 95% CI, 0.39-0.76), and 26% lower risk of mortality from cancer (HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59-0.93), compared with those who reported meeting neither the aerobic nor the muscle-strengthening recommendations of the guidelines. Meeting the aerobic recommendation of the guidelines was associated with a 42% decline in that risk (HR: 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44-0.77). CONCLUSION Smokers who adhere to physical activity guidelines show a significant reduction in mortality.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jung D, An KO, Kim J. Association between Meeting the Physical Activity Guidelines and Participation in ‘Sports for All’ and the Risk of Hypertension in Community-dwelling Korean Adults. THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2018.20.4.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
8
|
Cho J, Lee I, Park S, Jin Y, Kim D, Kim S, Kang H. Physical activity and all-cause mortality in Korean older adults. Ann Hum Biol 2018; 45:337-345. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2018.1478448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyung Cho
- Sungkyunkwan University - Suwon Campus, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhwan Lee
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University - Suwon Campus, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Park
- Department of Sports Science, Korean Institute of Sports Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngyun Jin
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University - Suwon Campus, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University - Suwon Campus, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinuk Kim
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sangmyung University - Cheonan Campus, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsik Kang
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University - Suwon Campus, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jeong S, Jang JY. Association between Physical Activity and Cognitive Dysfunction in the Korean: A Cross-sectional Study. EXERCISE MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.26644/em.2017.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|