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Braschi A, Lo Presti R, Abrignani MG, Abrignani V, Traina M. Effects of green tea catechins and exercise training on body composition parameters. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:3-21. [PMID: 36446085 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2150152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The impact of phytochemicals, as green tea catechins, on body composition measures has become a relevant topic as ongoing epidemiological evidence suggests their potential role in weight loss. Although catechins have been shown to modulate fat and energy metabolism, clinical effects of green tea consumption still remain controversial. Given the role played by physical exercise in weight management, it is important to determine whether the association of catechins and exercise is able to improve outcomes over and above the beneficial effects of exercise alone. Considering that scientific findings on this topic are not entirely consistent, aim of the present review was to assess the current scientific literature regarding the interplay between green tea catechins and exercise in overweight and obese populations. In particular, it was evaluated whether the addition of green tea supplementation to exercise training was able to further improve the exercise-induced changes in body composition parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabella Braschi
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalia Lo Presti
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Giuseppe Abrignani
- Operative Unit of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, S.Antonio Abate Hospital of Trapani, ASP Trapani, Trapani, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Abrignani
- Operative Unit of Internal Medicine with Stroke Care, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (ProMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Traina
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Sellami M, Slimeni O, Pokrywka A, Kuvačić G, D Hayes L, Milic M, Padulo J. Herbal medicine for sports: a review. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018; 15:14. [PMID: 29568244 PMCID: PMC5856322 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of herbal medicinal products and supplements has increased during last decades. At present, some herbs are used to enhance muscle strength and body mass. Emergent evidence suggests that the health benefits from plants are attributed to their bioactive compounds such as Polyphenols, Terpenoids, and Alkaloids which have several physiological effects on the human body. At times, manufacturers launch numerous products with banned ingredient inside with inappropriate amounts or fake supplement inducing harmful side effect. Unfortunately up to date, there is no guarantee that herbal supplements are safe for anyone to use and it has not helped to clear the confusion surrounding the herbal use in sport field especially. Hence, the purpose of this review is to provide guidance on the efficacy and side effect of most used plants in sport. We have identified plants according to the following categories: Ginseng, alkaloids, and other purported herbal ergogenics such as Tribulus Terrestris, Cordyceps Sinensis. We found that most herbal supplement effects are likely due to activation of the central nervous system via stimulation of catecholamines. Ginseng was used as an endurance performance enhancer, while alkaloids supplementation resulted in improvements in sprint and cycling intense exercises. Despite it is prohibited, small amount of ephedrine was usually used in combination with caffeine to enhance muscle strength in trained individuals. Some other alkaloids such as green tea extracts have been used to improve body mass and composition in athletes. Other herb (i.e. Rhodiola, Astragalus) help relieve muscle and joint pain, but results about their effects on exercise performance are missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sellami
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Tunisian Research Laboratory, Sport Performance Optimization, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Biosurveillance of the Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Slimeni
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pokrywka
- Active Ageing Research Group, Department of Medical and Sport Sciences, University of Cumbria, Bowerham Road, Lancaster, UK
| | - Goran Kuvačić
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Lawrence D Hayes
- Active Ageing Research Group, Department of Medical and Sport Sciences, University of Cumbria, Bowerham Road, Lancaster, UK
| | - Mirjana Milic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Johnny Padulo
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
- University eCampus, Novedrate, Italy
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Lambert K, Hokayem M, Thomas C, Fabre O, Cassan C, Bourret A, Bernex F, Feuillet-Coudray C, Notarnicola C, Mercier J, Avignon A, Bisbal C. Combination of nutritional polyphenols supplementation with exercise training counteracts insulin resistance and improves endurance in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2885. [PMID: 29440695 PMCID: PMC5811550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Separately, polyphenols and exercise are known to prevent insulin resistance (IR) but their combined curative effects on established obesity and IR require further investigation. Therefore, we compared the metabolic effects of a combination of exercise and grape polyphenols supplementation in obese IR rats with high-fat diet (EXOPP) to the effect of high-fat diet alone (HF) or with a nutritional supplementation of grape polyphenols (PP) or with endurance exercise (EXO) during 8 wks. We observed an improvement of systemic and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in EXO and EXOPP rats. EXOPP rats compared to HF rats presented a lower insulinemia and HOMA-IR with higher liver and muscle glycogen contents. Interestingly, EXOPP rats had a 68% enhanced endurance capacity compared to EXO rats with also a higher activation of AMPK compared to sedentary and EXO rats with increased lipid oxidation. Together, our results suggest that grape polyphenols supplementation combined with exercise has a synergistic effect by increasing muscle lipid oxidation and sparing glycogen utilization which thus enhances endurance capacity. Our data highlight that in cases of established obesity and IR, the combination of nutritional grape polyphenols supplementation and exercise heighten and intensify their individual metabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lambert
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France.
| | - Marie Hokayem
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
| | - Claire Thomas
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France.,University d'Evry Val d'Essonne, département STAPS. François Mitterrand Boulevard, 91025, Evry, France
| | - Odile Fabre
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
| | - Cécile Cassan
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
| | - Annick Bourret
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
| | - Florence Bernex
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
| | | | - Cécile Notarnicola
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
| | - Jacques Mercier
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France.,Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Montpellier, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Avignon
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France.,Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Montpellier, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Bisbal
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214. 34295, Montpellier, cedex 5, France
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Gahreman D, Heydari M, Boutcher Y, Freund J, Boutcher S. The Effect of Green Tea Ingestion and Interval Sprinting Exercise on the Body Composition of Overweight Males: A Randomized Trial. Nutrients 2016; 8:E510. [PMID: 27548216 PMCID: PMC4997423 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The combined effect of green tea ingestion and interval sprinting exercise on body and abdominal fat of overweight males was investigated. Participants were randomly assigned into control (C), green tea (GT), interval sprinting exercise (ISE), and green tea and ISE (GT + ISE) groups. The GT, GT + ISE, and C groups consumed three GT capsules daily. The ISE and GT + ISE groups completed 36 ISE sessions over 12 weeks. Forty eight overweight males with a mean BMI of 28.5 ± 0.92 kg/m² and age of 26 ± 0.7 years acted as participants. There was a significant reduction in total and abdominal fat mass for the ISE and GT + ISE groups, p < 0.05, however, total and abdominal fat mass did not significantly change in the GT and C groups. There was a significant increase in total lean mass, p < 0.05, after the intervention for the ISE and GT + ISE groups only. There was a significant increase in fat oxidation during submaximal aerobic exercise, p < 0.05, after the intervention for the ISE, GT + ISE, and GT groups with no change for the C group. Following the 12-week intervention the ISE and GT + ISE groups, compared to C, recorded a significantly greater decrease in body and abdominal fat, and a significant increase in total lean mass. Ingestion of green tea by itself, however, did not result in a significant decrease in body or abdominal fat, but increased fat utilization during submaximal exercise. The combination of 12 weeks of GT ingestion and ISE did not result in greater total and abdominal fat reduction compared to 12 weeks of ISE alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gahreman
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Casuarina 0811, Northern Territory, Australia.
| | - Mehrdad Heydari
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo 2007, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Yati Boutcher
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, High Street, Randwick, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Judith Freund
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, High Street, Randwick, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Stephen Boutcher
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, High Street, Randwick, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia.
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