1
|
Kumar Poudel D, Dangol S, Rokaya A, Maharjan S, Kumar Ojha P, Rana J, Dahal S, Timsina S, Dosoky NS, Satyal P, Setzer WN. Quality Assessment of Zingiber officinale Roscoe Essential Oil from Nepal. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221080322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizome plays a vital role in food flavoring as well as utilization in folk medicine. Nepal is categorized among the leading countries of Z. officinale rhizome production and export. Mature Z. officinale rhizome collection is based on the major production sites within Nepal, but we are currently unaware of the chemical composition of essential oil for export. A comparative investigation of Z. officinale rhizome essential oil compositions, collected from 12 different sites of the eastern, mid, and western regions of Nepal, has been carried out. The analysis of essential oils chemical composition by gas chromatographic–mass spectral (GC-MS), enantiomeric composition by chiral gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (CGC-MS), and antimicrobial activity was evaluated. Essential oil yields ranged from 0.28% to 0.34%. The results showed that the essential oils obtained in this study contained α-zingiberene (8.6%-24.1%), camphene (7.2%-12.8%), β-phellandrene (3.8%-10.1%), neral (0.6%-11.8%), geranial (1.0%-17.4%), ar-curcumene (3.0%-10.3%), and β-sesquiphellandrene (3.7%-9.7%). With CGC-MS, the enantiomeric distributions of 21 chiral compounds were determined and showed no contrasting enantiomeric distributions. Two essential oil samples (G3 and G5) possessed good antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 78.1μg/mL) and excellent antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (MIC = 39.1 μg/mL). Based on the content of α-zingiberene and citral (neral and geranial), samples collected from their respective areas might be used to identify an ideal Z. officinale rhizome production zone in Nepal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabita Dangol
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Anil Rokaya
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | - Janaki Rana
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sumitra Dahal
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sujan Timsina
- Analytica Research Center, Kritipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, Lehi, UT, USA
- University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Czernicka L, Ludwiczuk A, Rój E, Marzec Z, Jarzab A, Kukula-Koch W. Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors among Zingiber officinale Terpenes-Extraction Conditions and Thin Layer Chromatography-Based Bioautography Studies. Molecules 2020; 25:E1643. [PMID: 32260053 PMCID: PMC7181192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although numerous studies have been conducted on ginger extracts and fractions, the data on the pharmacological activity of single constituents of Zingiber officinale are still insufficient. To assess the antidementia properties of the plant, a thin layer chromatography (TLC)-based bioautography acetylcholinesterase inhibitory assay was performed on the Zingiber officinale diethyl ether extract. It led to the recognition of three active inhibitors among volatile constituents of the plant: ar-curcumene (A), α-sesquiphellandrene (B) and a-zingiberene (C). The identification of the components was possible thanks to the application of a TLC-HPLC-MS interface analysis of active zones and the GC-MS qualitative analysis of the tested samples. Based on the obtained results, the influence of several extraction techniques (hydrodistillation-HD, pressurized liquid extraction or accelerated solvent extraction-ASE, shaking maceration-SM, supercritical fluid extraction-SFE, and ultrasound-assisted extraction-UAE) on the recovery of the active metabolites from plant material was assessed to deliver enriched extracts. As a result, HD and SFE, were found to be the most efficient methods to recover the volatile components and the concentrations of A, B, and C reached 0.51 ± 0.025, 0.77 ± 0.045, and 1.67 ± 0.11 percent, respectively. Only HD and SFE were found to recover monoterpene hydrocarbons from the plant matrix. The remaining techniques provided extracts rich in more complex constituents, like sesquiterpenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Czernicka
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Ludwiczuk
- Independent Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin; 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Edward Rój
- Supercritical Extraction Department, ŁUKASIEWICZ Research Network—New Chemical Syntheses Institute, Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego Ave. 13a, 24-110 Puławy, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Marzec
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (L.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Agata Jarzab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin; 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kate AE, Sutar PP. Effluent free infrared radiation assisted dry-peeling of ginger rhizome: A feasibility and quality attributes. J Food Sci 2020; 85:432-441. [PMID: 31968399 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Infrared radiation (IR)-assisted peeling is one of the effulent free, environtment friendly emerging technique for tender fruit and vegetables. In this study standerdization and optimization of the infrared assisted dry-peeling method was carried out for ginger rhizome. During the investigation, the effects of selected independent parameters like infrared temperature (300-400 °C), heater to product surface spacing (10-30 mm), and treatment time (120-300 s) were studied on the peeling feasibility and quality as dependent variables. The experimental conditions were designed through CCRD statistical method. Multiple response optimization was done through RSM. The optimum conditions of selected independent variables were 300 °C IR temperature, 21 mm heater to product spacing, and 120 seconds treatment time resulted in the 90.40% of peeling efficiency, 35 °C of rhizome surface temperature, 8.67% of color change, 0.56% volatile oil loss, and 11.53 kg of firmness. The comparison of optimized infrared assisted peeling was carried out with conventional abrasion and lye peeling methods based on their quality attributes. IR assisted dry-peeling results in minimum quality losses, higher peeling efficiency and feasible over conventional peeling methods of ginger rhizome. There was zero effluent generated during infrared assisted peeling of ginger rhizome. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Peeling is one of the foremost mandatory unit operation for processing of all fruits, vegetables, and rhizomes like ginger. Presently, lye peeling is most widely used peeling method in industries followed by mechanical peeling. Both of these methods have serious issues like huge effluent generation (BOD) and water consumption which leads to the concern about environmental issues. Infrared dry peeling is the most prominent alternative for industries having the potential to deals with environmental issues. IR peeling method can be easily designed and scaled-up as per the specific requirment of industries. Therefore, understanding its feasibility for peeling of a most difficult commodity like ginger and understanding its insight into the quality of peeled product is need of the hour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adinath Eknath Kate
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal and Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Parag Prakash Sutar
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal and Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Borcan F, Chirita-Emandi A, Andreescu NI, Borcan LC, Albulescu RC, Puiu M, Tomescu MC. Synthesis and preliminary characterization of polyurethane nanoparticles with ginger extract as a possible cardiovascular protector. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:3691-3703. [PMID: 31190819 PMCID: PMC6535673 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s202049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: The extract of ginger, obtained from the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, contains 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 8-gingerol, and 10-gingerol. It has many therapeutic effects such as being chemopreventive against stroke and heart diseases, malabsorption, bacterial infections, indigestion, and nausea, which have been observed since ancient times. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the polyurethane (PU) as a proper material for the hollow nanoparticles' preparation. Methods: The PU nanoparticles were obtained by a spontaneous emulsification, in the presence of a nonionic surfactant, combined with an interfacial polyaddition process between an aliphatic diisocyanate and different mixtures of etheric and esteric polyols. The synthesis was done without any PU additives, such as catalysts, blowing agents, chains promoters, cross-linking agents, and stabilizers. Results: The particles present almost neutral pH values and low water solubility. They are heat resistant up to 280°C. Decreased irritation level was found in the assay of PU nanoparticles loaded with pure ginger extract (GE) on the murine skin tests than the irritation level recorded for pure GE. Conclusion: This research shows the reduced noxiousness of these PU nanoparticles and consequently the possibility of their use as a possible cardiovascular protector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florin Borcan
- The 1st Department (Analytical Chemistry), Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adela Chirita-Emandi
- The 2nd Department (Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Center of Genomic Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu
- The 2nd Department (Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Center of Genomic Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Livia-Cristina Borcan
- The 5th Department (Internal Medicine I), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ramona Carmen Albulescu
- The 11th Department (Pediatrics), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Puiu
- The 2nd Department (Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Center of Genomic Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Cleopatra Tomescu
- The 5th Department (Internal Medicine I), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|