Genitalia-related nursing embarrassment and its associated factors among female nurses in mainland China: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Defining Preferred Esthetics of the Ideal Phallus via Crowdsource Survey

OBJECTIVE

To describe phalloplasty subunits and determine the preferred crowdsourced esthetics. Esthetic ideals are often used to guide reconstruction, and there has been an increase in the number of gender-affirming surgeries and reconstructive phalloplasties performed. However, there is a paucity of literature describing ideal phalloplasty esthetics.

METHODS

Phallus esthetic subunits were defined, and a split testing-based survey was used. Subjects were solicited via Craigslist, Amazon Mechanical Turk, and Reddit and distributed among health care co-workers. Computer-generated images with variable ratios of glans, corona, and shaft were provided and respondents were asked to select the most esthetically pleasing photo. Demographic information was gathered. Univariate and multivariate regression were performed.

RESULTS

A total of 1029 people responded to the survey request and 909 people (88.3%) completed the entire survey. There were 440 respondents who self-identified as male, 334 female, 92 transgender male, and 25 transgender female. The health care field was the profession for 55.4%. Health care providers had 65.3% higher odds of preferring the longer shaft length-to-width ratio, 30.3% less odds of preferring a bilateral taper of the glans, and 48.4% less odds of preferring an angulated shaft compared to non-health care providers (P = .006, P = .021, P <.001, respectively). When compared to males, transgender females were more than 13 times likely to prefer an angulated glans corona junction (P = .008).

CONCLUSION

The ideal phallic esthetic varies by individual, and there were statistically significant preferences across age, education, health care status, gender, and sexual orientation. This study can serve as a guide on phalloplasties for patients and gender-affirming surgeons.

Status Quo of Occupational Identity of Nursing Staff in Rehabilitation Department and Its Relationship with Work Stressors

Due to the continuous progress of social economy, medical and health technology and the development of disciplines have shown a trend of rapid development. In the current medical environment, quality nursing services are constantly promoted. Nursing staff are dedicated to their work to the best of their ability. Meanwhile, they should be rewarded with corresponding happiness and joy in their work. This study starts from the perspective of nursing management and psychology. On this basis, it investigates the occupational identity and work stress status of nursing staff. At the same time, the data are analyzed, and the relationship between occupational identity and work pressure is analyzed. This article provides a certain theoretical basis and support for the decision-making of relevant nursing managers, and also makes efforts to improve the professional identity and work happiness of nursing staff. In this study, which surveyed 596 rehabilitation nurses, the nurses' total occupational stress score was 74.52, with an average score of 2.12 points. The overall score for professional identity was 102.00, with an average score of 3.40 points. This belonged to the medium level. It showed that the occupational pressure of nurses should be paid attention to by relevant managers. Two of the five dimensions with the highest scores were occupational social support and occupational self-reflection. A negative correlation was found between occupational stress and its dimensions and occupational identity and its dimensions (P < 0.01).

Relationships between Nursing Students' Skill Mastery, Test Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and Facial Expressions: A Preliminary Observational Study

Test anxiety and self-efficacy significantly influence the mastery of nursing skills. Facial expression recognition tools are central components to recognising these elements. This study investigated the frequent facial expressions conveyed by nursing students and examined the relationships between nursing skill mastery, test anxiety, self-efficacy, and facial expressions in a test-taking situation. Thirty-three second-year nursing students who were attending a university in a Korean metropolitan city participated. Test anxiety, self-efficacy, and facial expressions were collected while the students inserted indwelling catheters. Using Microsoft Azure software, the researchers examined the students' facial expressions. Negative facial expressions, such as anger, disgust, sadness, and surprise, were more common during the test-taking situation than the practice trial. Fear was positively correlated with anxiety. None of the facial expressions had significant relationships with self-efficacy; however, disgust was positively associated with nursing skill mastery. The facial expressions during the practice and test-taking situations were similar; however, fear and disgust may have been indicators of test anxiety and skill mastery. To create a screening tool for detecting and caring for students' emotions, further studies should explore students' facial expressions that were not evaluated in this study.