Wang H, Wang H, Zheng W, Wang D, Sun C, Dong J, Yu W, Du Q. OTULIN's influence on neuroinflammation and pain modulation in trigeminal neuralgia.
CNS Neurosci Ther 2024;
30:e70006. [PMID:
39169794 PMCID:
PMC11339468 DOI:
10.1111/cns.70006]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), marked by chronic pain from neural damage, is closely associated with inflammation. The role of OTULIN, a key regulator in inflammation and autophagy, is not fully understood in TN. The regulatory mechanism of OTULIN, a key protein involved in modulating inflammatory responses and autophagy processes, remains incompletely elucidated, particularly in the context of TN and neuroinflammation.
METHODS
An infraorbital nerve ligation-induced rat model of TN was used. OTULIN's expression was modulated using adenovirus vectors and short hairpin RNA. The impact on pain and inflammatory responses was assessed via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence, and transcriptomic analysis.
RESULTS
Enhanced OTULIN expression significantly increased head withdrawal thresholds and reduced pain sensitivity and neuroinflammatory markers in the model. Conversely, silencing OTULIN exacerbated pain and inflammation. Transcriptomic data revealed OTULINs influence on both inflammatory and autophagy pathways, specifically in suppressing NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and promoting autophagy. In vitro experiments demonstrated OTULIN's inhibition of inflammatory markers in microglia and neurons.
CONCLUSION
OTULIN is crucial in modulating TN, reducing neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation by activating the autophagy pathway and inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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