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Hu Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Chen W, Zhang H, Jin X. Cell-free DNA: a promising biomarker in infectious diseases. Trends Microbiol 2024:S0966-842X(24)00168-9. [PMID: 38997867 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases pose serious threats to public health worldwide. Conventional diagnostic methods for infectious diseases often exhibit low sensitivity, invasiveness, and long turnaround times. User-friendly point-of-care tests are urgently needed for early diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognostic prediction of infectious diseases. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA), a promising non-invasive biomarker widely used in oncology and pregnancy, has shown great potential in clinical applications for diagnosing infectious diseases. Here, we discuss the most recent cfDNA research on infectious diseases from both the pathogen and host perspectives. We also discuss the technical challenges in this field and propose solutions to overcome them. Additionally, we provide an outlook on the potential of cfDNA as a diagnostic, treatment, and prognostic marker for infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Hu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Yan Zhang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Weijun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; PathoGenesis, BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | | | - Xin Jin
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and Diseases, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Shanxi Medical University-BGI Collaborative Center for Future Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Transomics Biotechnologies, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Varzaru B, Iacob RA, Bunduc S, Manea I, Sorop A, Spiridon A, Chelaru R, Croitoru A, Topala M, Becheanu G, Dumbrava M, Dima S, Popescu I, Gheorghe C. Prognostic Value of Circulating Cell-Free DNA Concentration and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Prospective Cohort Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2854. [PMID: 38474101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) quantity correlates with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of various cancer types. We investigated whether ccfDNA levels and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have prognostic value in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Peripheral blood was collected from 82 patients with PDAC prior to any diagnostic procedure or the administration of chemotherapy. Plasma DNA was isolated, and ccfDNA concentration and NLR were determined. We found that ccfDNA levels were correlated with age and tumor burden. Moreover, higher values of NLR (≥3.31) were linked with worse overall survival (OS) (4 vs. 10 months; log rank p = 0.011), and an elevated ccfDNA concentration (≥25.79 ng/mL) was strongly associated with shorter OS (4 vs. 8 months; log rank p = 0.009). According to the results of the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the baseline concentration of ccfDNA was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21-0.97, p = 0.041). Furthermore, the combination of ccfDNA levels with NLR greatly enhanced the prognostic accuracy of PDAC patients. Our study demonstrates that ccfDNA concentration and NLR are independent predictors of survival in PDAC. Subsequent studies should validate this combination as a prognostic indicator in PDAC patients and assess its utility for guiding therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Varzaru
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Razvan Andrei Iacob
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022238 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefania Bunduc
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022238 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Manea
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Sorop
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Spiridon
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Chelaru
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adina Croitoru
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022238 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Topala
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Becheanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022238 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mona Dumbrava
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022238 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Dima
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022238 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irinel Popescu
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022238 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Gheorghe
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022238 Bucharest, Romania
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Zhang Y, Lao W, Yang K, Kong X, Li Y, Yu X, Wang X, Liu Y, Li Z, Deng Y, Nie S, Bi C, Wu C, Zhai A. SUV39H1 is a novel biomarker targeting oxidative phosphorylation in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1159. [PMID: 38017386 PMCID: PMC10683103 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a histone methyltransferase, suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer. To explore the mechanism and biological function of SUV39H1 in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) can gain an insight into the pathogenesis of HBV-HCC. METHODS The effect of HBV infection on SUV39H1 in hepatoma cells was detected. CCK-8, colony growth assay and wound healing assay were used to assess the proliferation and migration of HBV-positive hepatoma cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was applied to find differential genes and enriched pathways. The serum SUV39H1 level in HBV-HCC patients was detected and its correlation with clinical indicators was analyzed. RESULTS SUV39H1 was increased by HBV infection and promoted the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells. SUV39H1 could upregulate the expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway-related genes. OXPHOS pathway inhibitors could reduce the capacity of proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells after overexpressing SUV39H1. Serum SUV39H1 levels were higher in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients than in healthy controls and higher in HBV-HCC patients than in CHB patients. In the diagnosis of HCC, the predictive value of SUV39H1 combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was better than that of AFP alone. CONCLUSION SUV39H1 is regulated by HBV infection and promotes the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells by targeting OXPHOS pathway. It indicates that SUV39H1 may be a new biomarker of the diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Wanwen Lao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Kaming Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xinyi Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yuetong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xumeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yilin Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Shuping Nie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Changlong Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Aixia Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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He Z, Tang D. Perioperative predictors of outcome of hepatectomy for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1230164. [PMID: 37519791 PMCID: PMC10373594 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1230164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is identified as a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), resulting in so-called hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-related HCC). Hepatectomy for HCC is acknowledged as an efficient treatment strategy, especially for early HCC. Furthermore, patients with advanced HCC can still obtain survival benefits through surgical treatment combined with neoadjuvant therapy, adjuvant therapy, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, and radiofrequency ablation. Therefore, preoperative and postoperative predictors of HBV-related HCC have crucial indicative functions for the follow-up treatment of patients with feasible hepatectomy. This review covers a variety of research results on preoperative and postoperative predictors of hepatectomy for HBV-related HCC over the past decade and in previous landmark studies. The relevant contents of Hepatitis C virus-related HCC, non-HBV non-HCV HCC, and the artificial intelligence application in this field are briefly addressed in the extended content. Through the integration of this review, a large number of preoperative and postoperative factors can predict the prognosis of HBV-related HCC, while most of the predictors have no standardized thresholds. According to the characteristics, detection methods, and application of predictors, the predictors can be divided into the following categories: 1. serological and hematological predictors, 2. genetic, pathological predictors, 3. imaging predictors, 4. other predictors, 5. analysis models and indexes. Similar results appear in HCV-related HCC, non-HBV non-HCV HCC. Predictions based on AI and big biological data are actively being applied. A reasonable prediction model should be established based on the economic, health, and other levels in specific countries and regions.
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Wang Y, Li Y, Liang X, Xin S, Yang L, Cao P, Jiang M, Xin Y, Zhang S, Yang Y, Lu J. The implications of cell-free DNAs derived from tumor viruses as biomarkers of associated cancers. J Med Virol 2022; 94:4677-4688. [PMID: 35652186 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is still ranked as a leading cause of death according to estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the strong link between tumor viruses and human cancers have been proved for almost six decades. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has drawn enormous attention for its dynamic, instant, and noninvasive advantages as one popular type of cancer biomarker. cfDNAs are mainly released from apoptotic cells and exosomes released from cancer cells, including those infected with viruses. Although cfDNAs are present at low concentrations in peripheral blood, they can reflect tumor load with high sensitivity. Considering the relevance of the tumor viruses to the associated cancers, cfDNAs derived from viruses may serve as good biomarkers for the early screening, diagnosis, and treatment monitoring. In this review, we summarize the methods and newly developed analytic techniques for the detection of cfDNAs from different body fluids, and discuss the implications of cfDNAs derived from different tumor viruses in the detection and treatment monitoring of virus-associated cancers. A better understanding of cfDNAs derived from tumor viruses may help formulate novel anti-tumoral strategies to decrease the burden of cancers that attributed to viruses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Wang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Liang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Shuyu Xin
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Li Yang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Cao
- Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China
| | - Mingjuan Jiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yujie Xin
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Senmiao Zhang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jianhong Lu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, Hunan, China.,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
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Nonhepatic Cancer in the Pediatric Liver Transplant Population: Guidelines From the ILTS-SETH Consensus Conference. Transplantation 2022; 106:e46-e51. [PMID: 34905761 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and geographical distribution of cancers in children are dramatically different from the adult population. Consequent to improvements in postcancer survival, there is a progressive increase in the number of patients requiring liver transplantation (LT) who are in remission from pretransplant malignancy (PTM). Conventionally, however, PTM has been considered a relative contraindication to LT. Furthermore, with improving post-LT survival now extending beyond decades, the cumulative effect of immunosuppression and the increasing risk of de novo cancers need to be acknowledged. A working group was formed to evaluate, discuss, and retrieve all the evidence and provide guidelines with regards to best practices surrounding nonhepatic cancer in the pediatric LT (PLT) population. Further subsections of research included (a) extrahepatic solid tumors, leukemia, lymphoma, and other hematological disturbances before PLT and (b) malignancies following PLT (including posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders). This guidance provides a collection of evidence-based expert opinions, consensus, and best practices on nonhepatic cancers in PLT.
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7
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Hayashi S, Nagaoka K, Tanaka Y. Blood-Based Biomarkers in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Including the Viral Genome and Glycosylated Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011051. [PMID: 34681709 PMCID: PMC8540379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and is a global public health issue. High performance biomarkers can aid the early detection of HCC development in HBV-infected individuals. In addition, advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of HBV infection and in clinical laboratory techniques have enabled the establishment of disease-specific tests, prediction of the progression of liver diseases, including HCC, and auxiliary diagnosis of HCC, using blood-based methods instead of biopsies of liver or HCC tissues. Viral factors such as the HBV genotype, HBV genetic mutations, HBV DNA, and HBV-related antigens, as well as host factors, such as tumor-associated proteins and post-translational modifications, especially glycosylated proteins, can be blood-based, disease-specific biomarkers for HCC development in HBV-infected patients. In this review, we describe the clinical applications of viral biomarkers, including the HBV genome and glycosylated proteins, for patients at a risk of HBV-related HCC, based on their molecular mechanisms. In addition, we introduce promising biomarker candidates for practical use, including colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), extracellular vesicles, and cell-free, circulating tumor DNA. The clinical use of such surrogate markers may lead to a better understanding of the risk of disease progression and early detection of HCC in HBV-infected patients, thereby improving their prognosis.
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Jiao J, Sanchez JI, Thompson EJ, Mao X, McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch SP, Futreal PA, Zhang J, Beretta L. Somatic Mutations in Circulating Cell-Free DNA and Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hispanics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147411. [PMID: 34299031 PMCID: PMC8304329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hispanics are disproportionally affected by liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Advanced liver fibrosis is a major risk factor for HCC development. We aimed at identifying somatic mutations in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of Hispanics with HCC and Hispanics with advanced liver fibrosis but no HCC. Targeted sequencing of over 262 cancer-associated genes identified nonsynonymous mutations in 22 of the 27 HCC patients. Mutations were detected in known HCC-associated genes (e.g., CTNNB1, TP53, NFE2L2, and ARID1A). No difference in cfDNA concentrations was observed between patients with mutations and those without detectable mutations. HCC patients with higher cfDNA concentrations or higher number of mutations had a shorter overall survival (p < 0.001 and p = 0.045). Nonsynonymous mutations were also identified in 17 of the 51 subjects with advanced liver fibrosis. KMT2C was the most commonly mutated gene. Nine genes were mutated in both subjects with advanced fibrosis and HCC patients. Again, no significant difference in cfDNA concentrations was observed between subjects with mutations and those without detectable mutations. Furthermore, higher cfDNA concentrations and higher number of mutations correlated with a death outcome in subjects with advanced fibrosis. In conclusion, cfDNA features are promising non-invasive markers for HCC risk prediction and overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.J.); (J.I.S.)
| | - Jessica I. Sanchez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.J.); (J.I.S.)
| | - Erika J. Thompson
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Xizeng Mao
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.M.); (P.A.F.); (J.Z.)
| | - Joseph B. McCormick
- Brownsville Regional Campus, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; (J.B.M.); (S.P.F.-H.)
| | - Susan P. Fisher-Hoch
- Brownsville Regional Campus, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA; (J.B.M.); (S.P.F.-H.)
| | - P. Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.M.); (P.A.F.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.M.); (P.A.F.); (J.Z.)
| | - Laura Beretta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.J.); (J.I.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-713-792-9100
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9
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Altered Circulating Cell-free Mitochondrial DNA of Patients with Congenital Scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2021; 46:499-506. [PMID: 33290375 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000003849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to estimate the relationship between circulating cell-free DNA (ccf DNA) and clinical parameters of patients with congenital scoliosis (CS). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA CS is a complex spinal deformity characteristic of congenital vertebral malformations. Although numerous studies have centered on the etiology of CS, the cause of CS remains unclear. Previously, we reported that circulating cell-free DNA (ccf DNA) is altered in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, the relationship between ccf DNA and the clinical parameters of patients with CS remains unclear. METHODS The plasma of peripheral blood from 35 patients with CS and 32 age-matched controls was collected for ccf DNA analysis. Quantitative PCR was used to detect ccf n-DNA and ccf mt-DNA levels, and correlation analyses between ccf n-DNA and ccf mt-DNA levels were conducted. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of ccf n-DNA and ccf mt-DNA levels to different characteristics. RESULTS The plasma ccf mt-DNA levels of both ND1 and CYTC were significantly decreased in patients with CS compared with levels in controls both in total and by sex, whereas the plasma ccf n-DNA levels showed no significant difference. There is no difference in both ccf mt-DNA and ccf n-DNA between S-SDV and M-SDV according to The International Consortium for Vertebral Anomalies and Scoliosis (ICVAS) classification. The ROC curve analyses showed a reliable sensitivity and specificity of CS predicted by ccf mt-DNA levels in total but failed to distinguish different ICVAS types. CONCLUSION Significantly decreased plasma ccf mt-DNA levels were observed in patients with CS compared with those in controls. Although this finding has limited significance for clinical practice, it indicates that ccf mt-DNA may predict the onset or development of CS. Further studies should focus on the role of ccf mt-DNA in embryo development and whether ccf mt-DNAs could be considered as a marker for prenatal screening in development disorder like CS.Level of Evidence: 4.
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Risk Factors and Biomarkers for Chronic Hepatitis B Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020479. [PMID: 33418899 PMCID: PMC7825109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality. This is, in part, due to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic options with more advanced stages of the disease. Given the prognostic importance of early diagnosis, novel methods for early detection are in need. Unlike most other cancer types, tissue is not required to diagnose HCC and is frequently avoided given the inherent risks of liver biopsy, so less invasive methods of obtaining tumor material are currently under investigation. Material shed from tumors into the periphery are being investigated for their potential to both surveil and diagnose patients for HCC. These materials include circulating tumor cells, DNA, RNA, and exosomes, and are collectively termed a “liquid biopsy”. In this review article, we discuss the evolving literature regarding the different risk factors for HCC and the types of emerging novel biomarkers that show promise in the prevention and early diagnosis of HCC within the context of HBV infection.
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Long G, Fang T, Su W, Mi X, Zhou L. The prognostic value of postoperative circulating cell-free DNA in operable hepatocellular carcinoma. Scand J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:1441-1446. [PMID: 33119422 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2020.1839127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor biomarkers are eagerly needed in monitoring the recurrence of operable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a promising noninvasive molecular biomarker for HCC. The current study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of the postoperative cfDNA in operable HCC. METHODS This study enrolled 82 HCC patients from January 2018 to June 2019. All patients underwent liver surgery and were pathologically diagnosed with HCC. Postoperative blood samples were collected from each patient. A fluorometric dsDNA assay was used to measure the concentration of cfDNA. We explore the correlation between cfDNA and recurrence. Kaplan-Meier's curves were used to evaluate the recurrence-free survival (RFS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used for assessing the relative clinical variables in predicting recurrence. RESULTS Of the 82 HCC patients, 72 (87%) patients are male and the average age was 52.7 ± 12.8 years. The cfDNA-low and cfDNA-high groups had median recurrence times of 19.5 months and 14.0 months, respectively (p = .023). Multivariate analysis showed that postoperative cfDNA, tumour number and microvascular invasion (p < .050) were independent risk factors for recurrence in operable HCC. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative cfDNA is still a promising marker to predict prognosis in postoperative HCC patients although prospective and large multicenter clinical study is needed to further validate the relationship between cfDNA and HCC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Long
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tongdi Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenxin Su
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyu Mi
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - LeDu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Trevisan França de Lima L, Broszczak D, Zhang X, Bridle K, Crawford D, Punyadeera C. The use of minimally invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188451. [PMID: 33065194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advances in systemic therapies, patient survival remains low due to late diagnosis and frequent underlying liver diseases. HCC diagnosis generally relies on imaging and liver tissue biopsy. Liver biopsy presents limitations because it is invasive, potentially risky for patients and it frequently misrepresents tumour heterogeneity. Recently, liquid biopsy has emerged as a way to monitor cancer progression in a non-invasive manner. Tumours shed content into the bloodstream, such as circulating tumour cells (CTCs), circulating nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles and proteins, that can be isolated from biological fluids of patients with HCC. These biomarkers provide knowledge regarding the genetic landscape of tumours and might be used for diagnostic or prognostic purposes. In this review, we summarize recent literature on circulating biomarkers for HCC, namely CTCs, circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), RNA, extracellular vesicles and proteins, and their clinical relevance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Trevisan França de Lima
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, QLD, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Broszczak
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Kim Bridle
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Herston, QLD, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, QLD, Australia
| | - Darrell Crawford
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Herston, QLD, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, QLD, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, QLD, Australia.
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Tao K, Bian Z, Zhang Q, Guo X, Yin C, Wang Y, Zhou K, Wan S, Shi M, Bao D, Yang C, Xing J. Machine learning-based genome-wide interrogation of somatic copy number aberrations in circulating tumor DNA for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2020; 56:102811. [PMID: 32512514 PMCID: PMC7276513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNAs released from tumor cells into blood (circulating tumor DNAs, ctDNAs) carry tumor-specific genomic aberrations, providing a non-invasive means for cancer detection. In this study, we aimed to leverage somatic copy number aberration (SCNA) in ctDNA to develop assays to detect early-stage HCCs. Methods We conducted low-depth whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to profile SCNAs in 384 plasma samples of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC and cancer-free HBV patients, using one discovery and two validation cohorts. To fully capture the robust signals of WGS data from the complete genome, we developed a machine learning-based statistical model that is focused on detection accuracy in early-stage HCC. Findings We built the model using a discovery cohort of 209 patients, achieving an overall area under curve (AUC) of 0.893, with 0.874 for early-stage (Barcelona clinical liver cancer [BCLC] stage 0-A) and 0.933 for advanced-stage (BCLC stage B-D). The performance of the model was then assessed in two validation cohorts (76 and 99 patients) that only consisted of patients with stage 0-A HCC. Our model exhibited a robust predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.920 and 0.812 for the two validation cohorts. Further analyses showed the impact of tumor sample heterogeneity in model training on detecting early-stage tumors, and a refined model addressing the heterogeneity in the discovery cohort significantly increased model performance in validation. Interpretation We developed an SCNA-based, machine learning-driven model in the non-invasive detection of early-stage HCC in HBV patients and demonstrated its performance through strict independent validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaishan Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhenyuan Bian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Research and Development Division, Oriomics Biotech, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Xu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Chun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shaogui Wan
- Center for Molecular Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Meifang Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dengke Bao
- Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Chuhu Yang
- Research and Development Division, Oriomics Biotech, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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Ibrahim SAE, Mohamed SB, Kambal S, Diya-Aldeen A, Ahmed S, Faisal B, Ismail F, Ibrahim A, Sabawe A, Mohamed O. Molecular Detection of Occult Hepatitis B virus in plasma and urine of renal transplant patients in Khartoum state Sudan. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 97:126-130. [PMID: 32497807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the OBI in plasma and urine samples from renal transplant patients using Multiplex Nested PCR. METHOD A total of 100 samples (plasma and urine) were collected from renal transplant patients admitted to the renal transplant center in Khartoum north, Sudan in 2019. For each sample, HBsAg, HBeAg and anti HBcAg were detected using Enzyme linked Immune sorbent assay (ELISA). The viral DNA was then extracted using viral DNA extraction kit and were then tested for HBV DNA by using multiplex nested PCR. Statistical analysis was done using statistical package of social science (IBM SPSS version 20.0) considering a P value ≤ 0.05 as a level of significance. RESULTS HBsAg were not detected in al patient but, HBeAg were 14 (14%) and anti HBcAg were 36 (36%)were detect by using ELISA. A total 18 (18%) and 3 out of 100 were found positive in plasma and urine samples, respectively. Regarding the virus genotypes, D, E and mixed D/E genotypes were detected in all positive samples. Females were significantly (P value=0.013) higher detectable with HBV than males in plasma samples CONCLUSION: OBI incidence in renal transplant patients is high in Sudan. The multiplex nested PCR had identified OBI with a high rate supporting the efficiency of using molecular techniques in detecting of HBV. This will lead to an appropriate diagnosis and minimizing the risk to be infected by HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah A E Ibrahim
- Department of Bioinformatics and biostatistics, National University Biomedical Research Institute, National University-Sudan, Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Sofia B Mohamed
- Department of Bioinformatics and biostatistics, National University Biomedical Research Institute, National University-Sudan, Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Sumaya Kambal
- Department of Bioinformatics and biostatistics, National University Biomedical Research Institute, National University-Sudan, Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Aya Diya-Aldeen
- Department microbiology University of Alrazi-Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Sara Ahmed
- Department microbiology University of Alrazi-Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Batool Faisal
- Department microbiology University of Alrazi-Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Fatima Ismail
- Department microbiology University of Alrazi-Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Amel Ibrahim
- Department of Molecular Biology, National University Biomedical Research Institute, National University-Sudan, Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Amel Sabawe
- Department of Molecular Biology, National University Biomedical Research Institute, National University-Sudan, Khartoum- Sudan
| | - Osama Mohamed
- Department of Molecular Biology, National University Biomedical Research Institute, National University-Sudan, Khartoum- Sudan.
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