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Li S, zhang W, zhang H, Fan Y, Jia M, Qi Z, Shen L, He S, Wang Z, Wang Q, Li Y. Serum sSelectin-L is an early specific indicator of radiation injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30527. [PMID: 38778981 PMCID: PMC11109730 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective It's crucial to identify an easily detectable biomarker that is specific to radiation injury in order to effectively classify injured individuals in the early stage in large-scale nuclear accidents. Methods C57BL/6J mice were subjected to whole-body and partial-body γ irradiation, as well as whole-body X-ray irradiation to explore the response of serum sSelectin-L to radiation injury. Then, it was compared with its response to lipopolysaccharide-induced acute infection and doxorubicin-induced DNA damage to study the specificity of sSelectin-L response to radiation. Furthermore, it was further evaluated in serum samples from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients before and after radiotherapy. Simulated rescue experiments using Amifostine or bone marrow transplantation were conducted in mice with acute radiation syndrome to determine the potential for establishing sSelectin-L as a prognostic marker. The levels of sSelectin-L were dynamically measured using the ELISA method. Results Selectin-L is mainly expressed in hematopoietic tissues and lymphatic tissues. Mouse sSelectin-L showed a dose-dependent decrease from 1 day after irradiation and exhibited a positive correlation with lymphocyte counts. Furthermore, the level of sSelectin-L reflected the degree of radiation injury in partial-body irradiation mice and in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. sSelectin-L was closely related to the total dose of γ or X ray. There was no significant change in the sSelectin-L levels in mice intraperitoneal injected with lipopolysaccharide or doxorubicin. The sSelectin-L was decreased slower and recovered faster than lymphocyte count in acute radiation syndrome mice treated with Amifostine or bone marrow transplantation. Conclusions Our study shows that sSelectin-L has the potential to be an early biomarker to classify injured individuals after radiation accidents, and to be a prognostic indicator of successful rescue of radiation victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Li
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wencheng zhang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hong zhang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Meng Jia
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhenhua Qi
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Liping Shen
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shuya He
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
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Mukherjee P, Kumar K, Babu B, Purkayastha J, Chandna S. Alterations in the expression pattern of RBC membrane associated proteins (RMAPs) in whole body γ-irradiated Sprague Dawley rats. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1724-1737. [PMID: 37315317 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2219726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peripheral blood serum/plasma proteins are frequently studied for their potential use as radiation exposure biomarkers. Here we report RBC membrane associated proteins (RMAPs), which show alterations in expression level following whole-body γ-irradiation of rats at sub-lethal/lethal doses. MATERIALS AND METHODS RBCs from peripheral blood of Sprague Dawley rats were segregated using the Ficoll-Hypaque method, and membrane fractions were hypotonically isolated at various time points (6 h, 24 h, 48 h) after γ-irradiation at 2 Gy, 5 Gy, and 7.5 Gy doses. Following purification of proteins from these fractions, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was carried out. Treatment induced differentially expressed protein spots (≥2 fold increase/decrease) were picked up, trypsinized, and identified using LC-MS/MS analysis. Western immunoblots using protein specific antibodies were used to confirm the results. Gene ontology and interactions of these proteins were also studied. RESULTS From a number of differentially expressed radiation-responsive 2-DE protein spots detected, eight were identified unequivocally using LC-MS/MS. Out of these, actin, cytoplasmic 1 (ACTB) showed detectable yet insignificant variation (<50%) in expression. In contrast, peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2) and 26S proteasome regulatory subunit RPN11 (PSMD14) were the two most prominently over-expressed proteins. Five more proteins, namely tropomyosin alpha-3 chain (TPM3), exosome component 6 (EXOSC6), isoform 4 of tropomyosin alpha-1 chain (TPM1), serum albumin (ALB), and the 55 kDa erythrocyte membrane protein (P55) showed distinct alteration in their expression at different time-points and doses. ALB, EXOSC6, and PSMD14 were the most responsive at 2 Gy, albeit at different time-points. While EXOSC6 and PSMD14 showed maximum over-expression (5-12 fold) at 6 h post-irradiation, ALB expression increased progressively (4 up to 7 fold) from 6 h to 48 h. TPM1 showed over-expression (2-3 fold) at all doses and time-points tested. TPM3 showed a dose-dependent response at all time-points studied; with no variation at 2 Gy, ∼2 fold increase at 5 Gy, and 3-6 fold at the highest dose used (7.5 Gy). The p55 protein was over-expressed (∼2.5 fold) only transiently at 24 h following the lethal (7.5 Gy) dose. CONCLUSION This is the first study to report γ-radiation induced alterations in the RBC membrane associated proteins. We are further evaluating the potential of these proteins as radiation biomarkers. Due to the abundance and easy use of RBCs, this approach can prove very useful for detecting ionizing radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabuddho Mukherjee
- Division of Molecular & Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Brig. S K Majumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Kamendra Kumar
- Division of Molecular & Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Brig. S K Majumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Bincy Babu
- Division of Molecular & Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Brig. S K Majumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Jubilee Purkayastha
- Division of Molecular & Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Brig. S K Majumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir Chandna
- Division of Molecular & Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Brig. S K Majumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi, India
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He L, Zhou S, Li W, Wang Q, Qi Z, Zhou P, Wang Z, Chen J, Li Y, Lin Z. BPIFA2 as a Novel Early Biomarker to Identify Fatal Radiation Injury After Radiation Exposure. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221086478. [PMID: 35431693 PMCID: PMC9006374 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221086478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current dosimeters cannot cope with the two tasks of medical rescue in the early stage of nuclear accident, the accurate determination of radiation exposure and the identification of patients with fatal radiation injury. As radiation can cause alterations in serum components, it is feasible to develop biomarkers for radiation injury from serum. This study aims to investigate whether serum BPIFA2 could be used as a potential biomarker of predicting fatal radiation injury in the early stage after nuclear accident. Methods A rabbit anti-mouse BPIFA2 polyclonal antibody was prepared to detect the expression of BPIFA2. C57BL/6J female mice were exposed to total body radiation (TBI) at different dose and Partial body radiation (PBI) at lethal dose to detect the dynamic changes of BPIFA2 in serum at different time points after irradiation by Western blot assay. Results BPIFA2 in mice serum were significantly increased at 1–12 h post-irradiation at .5–10 Gy, and increased again significantly at 3 d after 10 Gy irradiation with associated with mortality closely. It also increased rapidly after PBI and was closely related to injury degree, regardless whether the salivary glands were irradiated. Conclusions The increase of serum BPIFA2 is a novel early biomarker not only for identifying radiation exposure, but also for fatal radiation injury playing a vital role in rational use of medical resources, and greater efficiency of medical treatment to minimize casualties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexin He
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Zhou
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Qi
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pingkun Zhou
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- Department of Radiobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwu Lin
- Science Research Management Department of the Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abend M, Blakely WF, Ostheim P, Schuele S, Port M. Early molecular markers for retrospective biodosimetry and prediction of acute health effects. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:010503. [PMID: 34492641 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced biological changes occurring within hours and days after irradiation can be potentially used for either exposure reconstruction (retrospective dosimetry) or the prediction of consecutively occurring acute or chronic health effects. The advantage of molecular protein or gene expression (GE) (mRNA) marker lies in their capability for early (1-3 days after irradiation), high-throughput and point-of-care diagnosis, required for the prediction of the acute radiation syndrome (ARS) in radiological or nuclear scenarios. These molecular marker in most cases respond differently regarding exposure characteristics such as e.g. radiation quality, dose, dose rate and most importantly over time. Changes over time are in particular challenging and demand certain strategies to deal with. With this review, we provide an overview and will focus on already identified and used mRNA GE and protein markers of the peripheral blood related to the ARS. These molecules are examined in light of 'ideal' characteristics of a biomarkers (e.g. easy accessible, early response, signal persistency) and the validation degree. Finally, we present strategies on the use of these markers considering challenges as their variation over time and future developments regarding e.g. origin of samples, point of care and high-throughput diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - W F Blakely
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - P Ostheim
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - S Schuele
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | - M Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
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Current Status and Future Perspectives about Molecular Biomarkers of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143490. [PMID: 34298701 PMCID: PMC8305767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a serious major public health problem in its endemic countries. Up to 80% of NPC patients with locally advanced disease or distant metastasis at diagnosis were associated with poor prognosis and with median survival less than 4 months. The mortality rate of NPC metastasis is up to 91%. To date, there is no available curative treatment or reliable early diagnosis or prognosis for NPC. Discovery and development of reliable early diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma are urgent needed. Hence, we have here listed the potential early diagnosis and prognosis biomarker candidates for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This review will give an insight to readers on the progress of NPC biomarker discovery to date, as well as future prospective biomarker development and their translation to clinical use. Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy that shows a remarkable ethnic and geographical distribution. It is one of the major public health problems in some countries, especially Southern China and Southeast Asia, but rare in most Western countries. Multifactorial interactions such as Epstein–Barr virus infection, individual’s genetic susceptibility, as well as environmental and dietary factors may facilitate the pathogenesis of this malignancy. Late presentation and the complex nature of the disease have led it to become a major cause of mortality. Therefore, an effective, sensitive, and specific molecular biomarker is urgently needed for early disease diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of metastasis and recurrence after treatment. In this review, we discuss the recent research status of potential biomarker discovery and the problems that need to be explored further for better NPC management. By studying the aberrant pattern of these candidate biomarkers that promote NPC development and progression, we are able to understand the complexity of this malignancy better, hence positing our stands better towards strategies that may provide a way forward to the discovery of more reliable and specific biomarkers for diagnosis and targeted therapeutic development.
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Ge C, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Su F, Chen L, Ma F, Ding K, Zhu J, Zheng X, Fu H. Plasma Proteins As Biodosimetric Markers of Low-Dose Radiation in Mice. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211016257. [PMID: 33994891 PMCID: PMC8113369 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211016257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposures to low-dose radiation (LDR) may trigger several specific biological responses, including dysregulation of the immune and inflammatory systems. Here, we examined whether biodosimetry of LDR can be used to protect tissues from radiation or assess cancer risk. Mice were subjected to gamma-irradiation with repeated or single-dose LDR, and then the organ indices, peripheral hemogram, and blood biochemistry were analyzed. An antibody array was applied followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the utility of multiple plasma proteins as biomarkers of repeated LDR in a murine model. LDR induced inapparent symptoms but slight variations in peripheral blood cell counts and alterations in blood biochemical indicator levels. Specific plasma proteins in the LDR groups were altered in response to a higher dose of irradiation at the same time points or a single-dose equivalent to the same total dose. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-12p40, P-selectin, and serum amyloid A1 were associated with the LDR dose and thus may be useful as dosimetric predictors of LDR in mice. Estimating the levels of certain plasma proteins may yield promising biodosimetry parameters to accurately identify individuals exposed to LDR, facilitating risk assessment of long-term LDR exposure in individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Ge
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanjie Liang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaocang Zhang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Su
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feiyue Ma
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.,College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Heibei University, Baoding, China
| | - Kexin Ding
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Zheng
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.,College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Heibei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hanjiang Fu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Klokov D. Plasma levels of serum amyloid A1 and mortality after exposure to high-dose radiation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:661. [PMID: 32617281 PMCID: PMC7327329 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Klokov
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Radiotoxicology, Department of Research on Biological and Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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