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Gonçalves ACN, Amorim RB, Domingues BDS, Sousa JVA, Veiga DF. Female Sexual Function Index Adaptation for Breast Cancer Patients (FSFI-BC): Brazilian Portuguese Translation and Cultural Adaptation. Clin Breast Cancer 2024:S1526-8209(24)00105-8. [PMID: 38729822 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of female sexual function after diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer is relevant, as cancer can negatively affect sexuality and, therefore, quality of life. Instruments assessing female sexuality can be useful in clinical practice. However, there are few validated instruments available for this purpose. This study aimed to translate the Female Sexual Function Index Adaptation for Breast Cancer Patients (FSFI-BC) into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapt it for use in Brazil. PATIENTS AND METHODS Translation and cross-cultural adaptation followed the linguistic validation process, according to international guidelines. The instrument was translated and back-translated by independent translators. Sixty women aged 25 to 70 years who had been diagnosed and surgically treated for breast cancer at least 6 months previously participated in the cultural adaptation process. Participants were stratified into sexually active or inactive. Internal consistency was analyzed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. RESULTS Mean participant age was 52.5 years. For sexually active women, reliability analysis (Cronbach's alpha) showed excellent internal consistency between the items of the subscales 'Desire/Arousal' (α = 0.912) and 'Orgasm' (α = 0.904), and good internal consistency for 'Lubrication' (α = 0.814) and 'Pain' (α = 0.839). For sexually inactive women, excellent internal consistency was observed between the items of the subscale 'Reason for Inactivity - difficulty lubricating' (α = 0.930), and good internal consistency for the other subscales. The instrument had face and content validity. CONCLUSIONS FSFI-BC was translated and culturally adapted to the context of the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Neves Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Translational Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Unifesp, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; School of Medical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí - Univás, Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Bites Amorim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí - Univás, Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bianca de Souza Domingues
- School of Medical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí - Univás, Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Júlia Vieira Araújo Sousa
- School of Medical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí - Univás, Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela Francescato Veiga
- Graduate Program in Translational Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Unifesp, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Division of Plastic Surgery, Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí - Univás, Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Azizi M, Ebrahimi E, Behboodi Moghadam Z, Shahhosseini Z, Khorsandi B, Modarres M. Motherhood in breast cancer survivors: Challenges and opportunities. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2024; 15:367-369. [PMID: 38807728 PMCID: PMC11129075 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.15.2.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Azizi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Elham Ebrahimi
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Behboodi Moghadam
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Shahhosseini
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Behjat Khorsandi
- Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maryam Modarres
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pesce C. Donor Egg, Surrogacy, and Adoption for Breast Cancer Survivors. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12609-023-00477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Charos D, Vivilaki V. Sexual dysfunction in women with breast cancer: The role of community midwives in early detection. Eur J Midwifery 2022; 6:70. [PMID: 36591330 PMCID: PMC9773266 DOI: 10.18332/ejm/156900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Charos
- Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
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Nolan K, Boland MR, Hill AD. Pregnancy After Breast Cancer - Prognostic Safety and Pregnancy Outcomes According to Oestrogen Receptor Status: A Systematic Review. J Breast Cancer 2022; 25:443-453. [PMID: 36479601 PMCID: PMC9807324 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2022.25.e45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related death in women. Women diagnosed with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer have prolonged treatment durations. Owing to the paucity of research and lack of consensus regarding conception planning and pregnancy for patients with ER-positive breast cancer, we aimed to assess pregnancy and survival outcomes in women with ER-positive breast cancer during and after treatment. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the available studies on pregnancy after ER-positive breast cancer. The assessed outcomes included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), hormonal therapy duration, and pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS Ultimately, 2,669 patients from five studies were included in this study. When all breast cancer receptor subtypes were included in the analysis, pregnancy after breast cancer was associated with a time-dependent protective effect on both DFS and OS. This protective effect was not evident when examining ER-positive patients with subsequent pregnancies, and no significant differences in DFS were observed. ER-positive patients who became pregnant received significantly lower rates of hormonal therapy. Hormonal treatment at the time of pregnancy was correlated with increased rates of termination owing to concerns about teratogenic effects. CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy after breast cancer did not significantly affect DFS in ER-positive patients over a follow-up period of 5-10 years from diagnosis, although did significantly affect hormonal treatment duration in the reviewed studies. Further analysis and in-depth studies are required to assess the effects of altered hormonal treatment times, as well as patient management related to pregnancy planning after breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Nolan
- Department of General/Breast & Endocrine Surgery, Beaumont Hospital and The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael R. Boland
- Department of General/Breast & Endocrine Surgery, Beaumont Hospital and The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arnold D.K. Hill
- Department of General/Breast & Endocrine Surgery, Beaumont Hospital and The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Katz A, Agrawal LS, Sirohi B. Sexuality After Cancer as an Unmet Need: Addressing Disparities, Achieving Equality. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2022; 42:1-7. [PMID: 35658499 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One extremely important and often neglected aspect of cancer care is sexuality. Sexuality is inherently a human trait, and this does not cease to be true after a cancer diagnosis. Multiple domains comprise sexuality, and all are at risk from cancer and its treatment. Despite the importance of sexual health, it still represents an unmet need in the United States and internationally. The disparities in meeting the sexual health needs of women with cancer extend beyond issues related to genitourinary symptoms of menopause and sexual pleasure; we propose that it extends toward the needs of sexual and gender minorities. Therefore, we focus on the delivery of sexual health care for people with cancer with an emphasis on women, women in low- and middle- income countries, and marginalized sexual and gender minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Katz
- CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Olcer ZO, Oskay U. Effects of the Better Model Based Counseling on Sexuality of Women with Breast Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2021; 34:41-54. [PMID: 38595689 PMCID: PMC10903605 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2021.1979161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer and side effects of its treatment cause many problems such as body image, impaired quality of life, and sexual dysfunction. The aim of this experimental study is to determine the effect of BETTER Model-based counseling programme on sexual problems of female patients with breast cancer. Methods This study was conducted with experimental and control group design. The data of the study were obtained between April 2016 and March 2018. The sample group consisted of 60 women who agreed to participate in the study. Information Form, "EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire-BR23", "Female Sexual Function Index", and "Body Cathexis Scale" were used in order to collect the data. The "Better Model"-based counseling programme was applied in four sessions a week in the experimental group. The scales were applied again one month after the last session. The women in the control group were subjected to routine hospital control after the scales were applied. The scales were applied again in this group one month later. Results After the "Better Model"-based counseling programme was applied,the women in the experimental group had higher scores from lubrication, orgasm, and pain subscales, and overall female sexual function index. Besides, the women in the experimental group had higher scores from body image subscale of functional scale of the quality of life questionnaire. Conclusions In the study, it was detected that the "Better Model"-based counseling was effective in raising and enhancing sexual health awareness and decreasing the existing sexual issues in women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Ozkan Olcer
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Ankara Medipol University, Altındag, Ankara
| | - Umran Oskay
- Department of Women's Health and Diseases Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, İstanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Şişli-İstanbul, Turkey
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Bártolo A, Santos IM, Guimarães R, Reis S, Monteiro S. Reproduction-related cognitive processing and distress among young adult women: the role of personal breast cancer history. Cogn Process 2021; 22:569-578. [PMID: 33797684 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-021-01026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer diagnosis can threaten fertility and biological motherhood in women of reproductive age due to the gonadotoxic effects of treatments. Much evidence documents these women fertility-related concerns and distress, but no study has attempted to understand how implicit cognitive processes can contribute to this maladjustment. In this research, we explored whether reproduction-related stimuli interfere with cognition among cancer survivors with infertility risk using an emotional Stroop task. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between reproduction-related cognitive processing and psychological morbidity. Young cancer survivors aged 18-40 years who received anticancer treatments and an age-matched non-cancer control group without known fertility problems were compared. Color-naming times and error rates were assessed. Participants in both groups were slower naming the color of reproduction-related words in comparison to unrelated negative valence words. Although in the same direction, this difference did not reach statistical significance for positive and neutral unrelated word lists. Further analysis suggested that biased attention toward reproduction-related information was associated with higher depression levels in young women with personal breast cancer history, but not in healthy women. These findings suggest that biased processing of reproduction-related cues might be a vulnerability factor after a breast cancer diagnosis. Additionally, this study puts in evidence the potential usefulness of using experimental tasks to investigate attentional bias in a context where fertility is at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bártolo
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Isabel M Santos
- William James Center for Research, Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Raquel Guimarães
- Breast Center, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Monteiro
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Fouladi N, Feizi I, Nadermohammadi M, Mehrara E, Adldoosti R, Alimohammadi S. The Predictors of Sexual Satisfaction among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:391-396. [PMID: 33639652 PMCID: PMC8190366 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.2.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer targets women’s sexual organs and deals with patients’ femininity. The low age of incidence and the late stage of diagnosis of the disease in Iran give rise to sexual dysfunction among patients. Identifying the severity of the disorder, and its determiners can specify the probable groups to be influenced. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 144 women with breast cancer who underwent surgical and complementary therapies were included in the study. Data collection was done through questionnaires: FSFI, SSSW and the demographic and clinical information questionnaire. Results: The mean age of patients was 42.31 ± 5.18 years. 76 patients (52.8%) underwent partial mastectomy and complementary treatments, and 68 cases (47.2%) underwent total mastectomy and complementary treatments. All patients had sexual dysfunction in all dimensions. The average score of sexual satisfaction was 84.3±10 10. The lowest sexual satisfaction score (79.6 ± 9.6) belonged to patients with total mastectomy (P = 0.013). Regression analysis showed predictability of patients’ sexual satisfaction by type of treatment and sexual function (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively). Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction and the low level of sexual satisfaction in patients with significant predictive effect of treatment type and sexual function denote that the patients with breast cancer need to be assisted to have proper sexual function and satisfaction leading to higher quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Fouladi
- Department of Community Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Iraj Feizi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran
| | - Mehriar Nadermohammadi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran
| | | | - Rozita Adldoosti
- Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran
| | - Sara Alimohammadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahidbeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moftakhar B, Vitek W, Huston A. Impact of Breast Cancer Systemic Therapies on Fertility. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12609-020-00393-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mosayebi A, Mojaradi B, Bonyadi Naeini A, Khodadad Hosseini SH. Modeling and comparing data mining algorithms for prediction of recurrence of breast cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237658. [PMID: 33057328 PMCID: PMC7561198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. and regrettably, this rate is increasing every year. One of the aspects of all cancers, including breast cancer, is the recurrence of the disease, which causes painful consequences to the patients. Moreover, the practical application of data mining in the field of breast cancer can help to provide some necessary information and knowledge required by physicians for accurate prediction of breast cancer recurrence and better decision-making. The main objective of this study is to compare different data mining algorithms to select the most accurate model for predicting breast cancer recurrence. This study is cross-sectional and data gathering of this research performed from June 2018 to June 2019 from the official statistics of Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the Iran Cancer Research Center for patients with breast cancer who had been followed for a minimum of 5 years from February 2014 to April 2019, including 5471 independent records. After initial pre-processing in dataset and variables, seven new and conventional data mining algorithms have been applied that each one represents one kind of data mining approach. Results show that the C5.0 algorithm possibly could be a helpful tool for the prediction of breast cancer recurrence at the stage of distant recurrence and nonrecurrence, especially in the first to third years. also, LN involvement rate, Her2 value, Tumor size, free or closed tumor margin were found to be the most important features in our dataset to predict breast cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mosayebi
- Department of Management and Business Engineering, School of Progress Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Barat Mojaradi
- Department of Geomatics, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Ali Bonyadi Naeini
- Department of Management and Business Engineering, School of Progress Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Coyne ZL, Hennessy M, Duke D, Hill A, Grogan L, Breathnach O, Hennessy B, Morris PG. Patient demographics and management challenges in an Irish symptomatic breast cancer unit. Ir J Med Sci 2020; 189:1237-1241. [PMID: 32436172 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-020-02245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Beaumont Hospital is a nationally designated symptomatic breast cancer unit, independent of the national screening programme, BreastCheck. AIMS We hypothesised that patients attending symptomatic breast cancer units differ from national registry data and aimed to characterise this in a retrospective study. METHODS A prospective database of patients diagnosed with breast cancer was maintained between 2014 and 2017. Multiple patient and tumour demographics were analysed retrospectively and compared with data from the National Cancer Registry. RESULTS In total, 944 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer, 379 (40%) were aged < 50, 206 (22%) 50-64, 208 (22%) 65-75 and 151 (16%) > 75 years respectively. Expectedly, older patients (≥ 65 years) had a higher proportion of oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer (72%). Triple negative breast cancer was relatively more common (17%) among younger patients. These patients received more intensive chemotherapy: 118 (64%) received combination anthracycline-taxane chemotherapy, in comparison with only 14 (21%) of older patients. Patients generally presented at a later stage compared with national registry data: stage II 491 (52%) and stage III 179 (19%) versus stage II (50%) and stage III (13%). CONCLUSION Patients attending the symptomatic breast cancer unit Beaumont Hospital have different demographics compared with the national registry data. This presents particular challenges for management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zac L Coyne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Maeve Hennessy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Duke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arnold Hill
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Liam Grogan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oscar Breathnach
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bryan Hennessy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick G Morris
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer Clinical Trials and Research Unit, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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