Kumar NAN, Jose A, Usman N, Rajan K, Munisamy M, Shetty PS, Rao M. Signet ring cell cancer of stomach and gastro-esophageal junction: molecular alterations, stage-stratified treatment approaches, and future challenges.
Langenbecks Arch Surg 2021;
407:87-98. [PMID:
34505199 PMCID:
PMC8847240 DOI:
10.1007/s00423-021-02314-6]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
There has been an increase in the incidence of signet ring cell cancer (SRCC) of the stomach and gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ). The multistage carcinogenesis involving genetic and epigenetic aberrations may have a major role in the increasing incidence of SRCC. Although there are numerous studies on the prognostic value of SRCC, they are markedly inconsistent in their results, making it impossible to draw any meaningful conclusions. We aimed to examine the available evidences on molecular alterations and stage-stratified treatment approaches in SRCC of the stomach and GEJ.
Methods
A systematic search was carried out in PubMed. Studies available in English related to SRCC of stomach and gastro-esophageal junction were identified and evaluated.
Results
This study reviewed the current evidence and provided an insight into the molecular alterations, stage-stratified treatment approaches, and future challenges in the management of SRCC of the stomach and GEJ. Specific therapeutic strategies and personalized multimodal treatment have been recommended based on the tumor characteristics of SRCC.
Conclusion
Multistage carcinogenesis involving genetic and epigenetic aberrations in SRCC is interlinked with stage-dependent prognosis. Specific therapeutic strategy and personalized multimodal treatment should be followed based on the tumor characteristics of SRCC. Endoscopic resection, radical surgery, and perioperative chemotherapy should be offered in carefully selected patients based on stage and prognostic stratification. Future studies in genetic and molecular analysis, histopathological classification, and options of multimodality treatment will improve the prognosis and oncological outcomes in SRCC of gastric and GEJ.
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