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Guan W, Li S, Zhang Z, Xiao H, He J, Li J, He X, Luo J, Liu Y, Lei L, Ma J, Chen L, Chen C. Promotor methylation status of MAPK4 is a novel epigenetic biomarker for prognosis of recurrence in patients with thymic epithelial tumors. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:2844-2853. [PMID: 36073321 PMCID: PMC9575130 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) currently relies on the commonly adopted WHO classification and Masaoka staging system, which cannot reflect the undefined biological behaviors limiting them as prognostic factors. METHODS In this study, we first identified 40 genes and 179 genes, respectively that were epigenetically upregulated and silenced, corresponding to a total of 509 functionally methylated CpG sites between thymomas and thymic carcinomas by using the TCGA dataset. RESULTS The methylation β-values of cg20068620 in MAPK4 and cg18770944 in USP51 were significantly associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). In the independent validation cohort, only WHO classification and methylation β-values of cg20068620 in MAPK4 were independent prognostic factors for RFS in Chinese patients with TETs. A linear weighted model including these two factors was used to calculate the recurrence risk score (RRS). Time-dependent ROC curve analysis revealed that RRS was overwhelmingly superior to WHO classification for predicting 3-, 5-, and 10-year RFS and Masaoka stage for 3- and 5-year RFS. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that the methylation site cg20068620 in MAPK4 can improve the accuracy of the WHO classification alone regarding the prognostic value of TETs recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guan
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - He Xiao
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan He
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Lei
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jungang Ma
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lizhao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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