1
|
Keramati H, Lu X, Cabanag M, Wu L, Kushwaha V, Beier S. Applications and advances of immersive technology in cardiology. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102762. [PMID: 39067719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Different forms of immersive technology, such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR), are getting increasingly invested in medicine. Advances in head-mounted display technology, processing, and rendering power have demonstrated the increasing utility of immersive technology in medicine and the healthcare environment. There are a growing number of publications on using immersive technology in cardiology. We reviewed the articles published within the last decade that reported case studies or research that uses or investigates the application of immersive technology in the broad field of cardiology - from education to preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance. We summarized the advantages and disadvantages of using AR and VR for various application categories. Our review highlights the need for a robust assessment of the effectiveness of the methods and discusses the technical limitations that hinder the complete integration of AR and VR in cardiology, including cost-effectiveness and regulatory compliance. Despite the limitations and gaps that have inhibited us from benefiting from immersive technologies' full potential in cardiology settings to date, its promising, impactful future for standard cardiovascular care is undoubted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Keramati
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia.
| | - Xueqing Lu
- Learning and Digital Environments, Deputy Vice-Chancellor Education and Student Experience, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Matt Cabanag
- School of Art and Design, Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Liao Wu
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Virag Kushwaha
- Eastern Heart Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Barker Street Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney 2033, NSW, Australia
| | - Susann Beier
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Papazoglou AS, Karagiannidis E, Liatsos A, Bompoti A, Moysidis DV, Arvanitidis C, Tsolaki F, Tsagkaropoulos S, Theocharis S, Tagarakis G, Michaelson JS, Herrmann MD. Volumetric Tissue Imaging of Surgical Tissue Specimens Using Micro-Computed Tomography: An Emerging Digital Pathology Modality for Nondestructive, Slide-Free Microscopy-Clinical Applications of Digital Pathology in 3 Dimensions. Am J Clin Pathol 2023; 159:242-254. [PMID: 36478204 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a novel, nondestructive, slide-free digital imaging modality that enables the acquisition of high-resolution, volumetric images of intact surgical tissue specimens. The aim of this systematic mapping review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the available literature on clinical applications of micro-CT tissue imaging and to assess its relevance and readiness for pathology practice. METHODS A computerized literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases. To gain insight into regulatory and financial considerations for performing and examining micro-CT imaging procedures in a clinical setting, additional searches were performed in medical device databases. RESULTS Our search identified 141 scientific articles published between 2000 and 2021 that described clinical applications of micro-CT tissue imaging. The number of relevant publications is progressively increasing, with the specialties of pulmonology, cardiology, otolaryngology, and oncology being most commonly concerned. The included studies were mostly performed in pathology departments. Current micro-CT devices have already been cleared for clinical use, and a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code exists for reimbursement of micro-CT imaging procedures. CONCLUSIONS Micro-CT tissue imaging enables accurate volumetric measurements and evaluations of entire surgical specimens at microscopic resolution across a wide range of clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Efstratios Karagiannidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Liatsos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreana Bompoti
- Diagnostic Imaging, Peterborough City Hospital, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough, UK
| | - Dimitrios V Moysidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Arvanitidis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,LifeWatch ERIC, Sector II-II, Seville, Spain
| | - Fani Tsolaki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapoditrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tagarakis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - James S Michaelson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus D Herrmann
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vegulla RV, Tandon A, Rathinaswamy J, Cherian KM, Hussain T, Murala JS. Advanced imaging and digitization of preserved heart specimens using virtual reality - A primer. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2022; 15:351-357. [PMID: 36935839 PMCID: PMC10015399 DOI: 10.4103/apc.apc_176_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preserved congenital heart specimens are an important component of training professionals working with children and adults with congenital heart disease. They are curated in few institutions worldwide and not freely accessible. This was a proof-of-concept project to explore the use of advanced cardiac imaging modalities (computed tomography [CT] and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and virtual reality (VR) simulation to assess the feasibility and identify the best method of imaging curated cardiac pathology specimens. Methods Seven specimens in glass jars with formalin, with varied anatomic lesions, from a curated collection were imaged using MRI and high-dose CT to compare the fidelity of models created via each modality. Three-dimensional (3D) models were created and loaded into a VR headset and viewed in virtual space. Two independent physicians performed a "virtual dissection" and scored the resultant models. Results The highest fidelity and tissue characterization of more delicate structures was achieved with T2 spoiled gradient-echo sequences on MRI (median score of 4 out of 5). CT (median score of 3), while excellent for external anatomy, lost some fidelity with delicate internal anatomy, even at high-radiation doses. No specimens were damaged. Conclusions We believe that in vitro heart specimens can be easily scanned with high fidelity at a relatively low cost, without causing damage, using high-dose CT and MRI. The ability to "walk through" different chambers of the heart makes the understanding of anatomy easy and intuitive. VR and 3D printing are technologies that could be easily adapted to digitize preserved heart specimens, making it globally accessible for teaching and training purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi V. Vegulla
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Animesh Tandon
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jebaraj Rathinaswamy
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kotturathu Mammen Cherian
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Frontier Lifeline Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tarique Hussain
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - John S. Murala
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
An impact of three dimensional techniques in virtual reality. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022. [DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v6ns4.6481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) imaging play a prominent role in the diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-therapeutic monitoring of patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) or mitral valve disease. More interactive and realistic medical experiences take an advantage of advanced visualization techniques like augmented, mixed, and virtual reality to analyze the 3D models. Further, 3D printed mitral valve model is being used in medical field. All these technologies improve the understanding of the complex morphologies of mitral valve disease. Real-time 3D Echocardiography has attracted much more attention in medical researches because it provides interactive feedback to acquire high-quality images as well as timely spatial information of the scanned area and hence is necessary for intraoperative ultrasound examinations. In this article, three dimensional techniques and its impacts in mitral valve disease are reviewed. Specifically, the data acquisition techniques, reconstruction algorithms with clinical applications are presented. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of state-of-the-art approaches are discussed in detail.
Collapse
|
5
|
Vaduva AO, Serban CL, Lazureanu CD, Cornea R, Vita O, Gheju A, Jurescu A, Mihai I, Olteanu EG, Lupu V, Pup A, Cornianu M, Mureșan A, Taban S, Dema ALC. Three-Dimensional Virtual Pathology Specimens: Decrease in Student Performance upon Switching to Digital Models. ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION 2022; 15:115-126. [PMID: 33319472 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several alternatives to formalin-stored physical specimens have been described in medical literature, but only a few studies have addressed the issue of learning outcomes when these materials were employed. The aim of this study was to conduct a prospective controlled study to assess student performance in learning anatomic pathology when adding three-dimensional (3D) virtual models as adjunct teaching materials in the study of macroscopic lesions. Third-year medical students (n = 501) enrolled at the Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Timisoara, Romania, were recruited to participate. Student performance was assessed through questionnaires. Students performed worse with new method, with poorer results in terms of overall (mean 77.6% ±SD 11.8% vs. 83.6% ±10.5) and individual question scores (percentage of questions with maximum score 34.6% ±25.6 vs. 47.7 ± 24.6). This decreased performance was generalizable, as it was observed across all language divisions and was independent of the teaching assistant involved in the process. In an open-ended feedback evaluation of the new 3D specimens, most students agreed that the new method was better, bringing arguments both for and against these models. Although subjectively the students found the novel teaching materials to be more helpful, their learning performance decreased. A wider implementation as well as exposure to the technique and use of virtual specimens in medical teaching could improve the students' performance outcome by accommodating the needs for novel teaching materials for digital natives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian O Vaduva
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Costela L Serban
- Discipline of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Department of Functional Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Genetics, Louis Turcanu Clinical Emergency Children's Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Codruta D Lazureanu
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Remus Cornea
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavia Vita
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Gheju
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Aura Jurescu
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Mihai
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Emilian G Olteanu
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in Cancer Treatment - Oncogen, Pius Branzeu Emergency County Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vlad Lupu
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Pup
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marioara Cornianu
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Mureșan
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sorina Taban
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alis L C Dema
- Discipline of Morphopathology, Department of Microscopic Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Awori J, Friedman SD, Chan T, Howard C, Seslar S, Soriano BD, Buddhe S. 3D models improve understanding of congenital heart disease. 3D Print Med 2021; 7:26. [PMID: 34471999 PMCID: PMC8411549 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-021-00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding congenital heart disease (CHD) is vital for medical personnel and parents of affected children. While traditional 2D schematics serve as the typical approach used, several studies have shown these models to be limiting in understanding complex structures. Recent world-emphasis has shifted to 3D printed models as a complement to 2D imaging to bridge knowledge and create new opportunities for experiential learning. We sought to systematically compare 3D digital and physical models for medical personnel and parent education compared to traditional methods. Methods 3D printed and digital models were made out of MRI and CT data for 20 common CHD. Fellows and nurse practitioners used these models to explore intra-cardiac pathologies following traditional teaching. The models were also used for parent education in outpatient settings after traditional education. The participants were then asked to fill out a Likert scale questionnaire to assess their understanding and satisfaction with different teaching techniques. These ratings were compared using paired t-tests and Pearson’s correlation. Results Twenty-five medical personnel (18 fellows; 2 nurses; 4 nurse practitioners and one attending) and twenty parents participated in the study. The diagnosis varied from simple mitral valve pathology to complex single ventricle palliation. Parent and medical personnel perceived understanding with digital models was significantly higher than traditional (p = 0.01). Subjects also felt that physical models were overall more useful than digital ones (p = 0.001). Physicians using models for parent education also perceived the models to be useful, not significantly impacting their clinical workflow. Conclusions 3D models, both digital and printed, enhance medical personnel and parental perceived understanding of CHD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41205-021-00115-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Awori
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Seth D Friedman
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Titus Chan
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher Howard
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steve Seslar
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian D Soriano
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sujatha Buddhe
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Papazoglou AS, Karagiannidis E, Moysidis DV, Sofidis G, Bompoti A, Stalikas N, Panteris E, Arvanitidis C, Herrmann MD, Michaelson JS, Sianos G. Current clinical applications and potential perspective of micro-computed tomography in cardiovascular imaging: A systematic scoping review. Hellenic J Cardiol 2021; 62:399-407. [PMID: 33991670 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) constitutes an emerging imaging technique, which can be utilized in cardiovascular medicine to study in-detail the microstructure of heart and vessels. This paper aims to systematically review the clinical utility of micro-CT in cardiovascular imaging and propose future applications of micro-CT imaging in cardiovascular research. A systematic scoping review was conducted by searching for original studies written in English according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews. Medline, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched through December 11, 2020 to identify publications concerning micro-CT applications in cardiovascular imaging. Preclinical-animal studies and case reports were excluded. The Newcastle-Ottawa assessment scale for observational studies was used to evaluate study quality. In total, the search strategy identified 30 studies that report on micro-CT-based cardiovascular imaging and satisfy our eligibility criteria. Across all included studies, the total number of micro-CT scanned specimens was 1,227. Six studies involved postmortem 3D-reconstruction of congenital heart defects, while eleven studies described atherosclerotic vessel (coronary or carotid) characteristics. Thirteen other studies employed micro-CT for the assessment of medical devices (mainly stents or prosthetic valves). In conclusion, micro-CT is a novel imaging modality, effectively adapted for the 3D visualization and analysis of cardiac soft tissues and devices at high spatial resolution. Its increasing use could make significant contributions to our improved understanding of the histopathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, and, thus, has the potential to optimize interventional procedures and technologies, and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas S Papazoglou
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efstratios Karagiannidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios V Moysidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Sofidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Stalikas
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Panteris
- Biomic_AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, B1.4, Thessaloniki, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, P.O. Box 8318, GR 57001, Greece
| | - Christos Arvanitidis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Heraklion, Crete, 70013, Greece; LifeWatch ERIC, Sector II-II, Plaza de España, 41071, Seville, Spain
| | - Markus D Herrmann
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - James S Michaelson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Georgios Sianos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Javaid M, Khan IH. Virtual Reality (VR) Applications in Cardiology: A Review. JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL INTEGRATION AND MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s2424862221300015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) has applications in cardiology to create enhancement, thereby improving the quality of associated planning, treatment and surgery. The need is to study different applications of this technology in the field of cardiology. We have studied research papers on VR and its applications in cardiology through a detailed bibliometric analysis. The study identified five significant steps for proper implementation of this technology in cardiology. Some challenges are to be undertaken by using this technology, and they can provide some benefits; thus, authors contemplate extensive research and development. This study also identifies 10 major VR technology applications in cardiology and provided a brief description. This innovative technology helps a heart surgeon to perform complex heart surgery effectively. Thus, VR applications have the potential for improving decision-making, which helps save human life. VR plays a significant role in the development of a surgical procedure. This technology undertakes 3D heart model information in full colour, which helps to analyze the overall heart vane, blockage and blood flow. With the help of this digital technology, a surgeon can improve the accuracy of heart surgery, and he can simulate the surgery. A surgeon can undertake surgery in a virtual environment on a virtual patient. The unique purpose of this technology is to practice pre-operatively on the specific circumstance. A cardiologist can also check the proper status of inner and outer heart wall layer. Thus, by using this 3D information, the surgeon can now interact with heart data/information without any physical touch. This technology opens a new opportunity to improve the heart surgery and development in cardiovascular treatment to improve patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Javaid
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ibrahim Haleem Khan
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang J, Shi H, Chen Q, Hu J, Zhang Y, Song H, Zhou Q. Three-Dimensional Printed Model Fabrication and Effectiveness Evaluation in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease or With a Normal Heart. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2021; 40:15-28. [PMID: 32562576 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the technical feasibility and accuracy of applying 3-dimensional (3D) printing of normal and abnormal fetal hearts based on spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) volume-rendered data. METHODS Spatiotemporal image correlation volume images of 15 healthy fetuses and 15 fetuses with cardiac abnormalities were collected, and Mimics software (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium) was used to postprocess the volume data to obtain a 3D digital model of fetal heart and large blood vessel morphologic characteristics and to output the file to a 3D printer for printing the 3D model of the fetal heart and large blood vessels. The effect accuracy of the 3D printed model was qualitatively evaluated by showing the 3D anatomic structure of the model combined with echocardiographic or autopsy results, and the dimensional accuracy of the 3D printed model was quantitatively evaluated by comparing the measured data of the model and echocardiography. RESULTS In all 30 fetuses, STIC volume data of the fetal heart were successfully reprocessed and printed out, which could visually display the morphologic characteristics of the fetal heart chamber and passage of the great vessels under normal and abnormal pathologic conditions. No significant differences in all of the heart size parameters were found between the 3D digital model, 3D printed model, and routine echocardiographic images (all P > .05). Moreover, the size parameters were concordant well between the methods, and all of the data points fell within the limits of agreement. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to 3D print the fetal heart using STIC volumetric images as the data source, and the 3D printed model can fully and accurately display abnormal anatomic structures of the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- Ultrasonography Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Shi
- Ultrasonography Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Ultrasonography Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Ultrasonography Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuguo Zhang
- Ultrasonography Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongning Song
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Goo HW, Park SJ, Yoo SJ. Advanced Medical Use of Three-Dimensional Imaging in Congenital Heart Disease: Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, Virtual Reality, and Three-Dimensional Printing. Korean J Radiol 2020; 21:133-145. [PMID: 31997589 PMCID: PMC6992436 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image reconstruction play a prominent role in the diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-therapeutic monitoring of patients with congenital heart disease. More interactive and realistic medical experiences take advantage of advanced visualization techniques like augmented, mixed, and virtual reality. Further, 3D printing is now used in medicine. All these technologies improve the understanding of the complex morphologies of congenital heart disease. In this review article, we describe the technical advantages and disadvantages of various advanced visualization techniques and their medical applications in the field of congenital heart disease. In addition, unresolved issues and future perspectives of these evolving techniques are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Goo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sang Joon Park
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shi Joon Yoo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun Z. Use of Three-dimensional Printing in the Development of Optimal Cardiac CT Scanning Protocols. Curr Med Imaging 2020; 16:967-977. [PMID: 32107994 DOI: 10.2174/1573405616666200124124140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is increasingly used in medical applications with most of the studies focusing on its applications in medical education and training, pre-surgical planning and simulation, and doctor-patient communication. An emerging area of utilising 3D printed models lies in the development of cardiac computed tomography (CT) protocols for visualisation and detection of cardiovascular disease. Specifically, 3D printed heart and cardiovascular models have shown potential value in the evaluation of coronary plaques and coronary stents, aortic diseases and detection of pulmonary embolism. This review article provides an overview of the clinical value of 3D printed models in these areas with regard to the development of optimal CT scanning protocols for both diagnostic evaluation of cardiovascular disease and reduction of radiation dose. The expected outcomes are to encourage further research towards this direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Sun
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Illmann CF, Hosking M, Harris KC. Utility and Access to 3-Dimensional Printing in the Context of Congenital Heart Disease: An International Physician Survey Study. CJC Open 2020; 2:207-213. [PMID: 32695970 PMCID: PMC7365821 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a new technology capable of producing patient-specific 3D cardiac models. Methods A cross-sectional survey of pediatric cardiologists was conducted. Members of the Canadian Pediatric Cardiology Association and Congenital Cardiac Interventional Study Consortium were invited to participate. A questionnaire was distributed using Research Electronic Data Capture between May and September 2019. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher exact test, and odds ratio. Results A total of 71 pediatric cardiologists responded. Some 85% (60/71) agreed that patient-specific 3D printed cardiac models are a beneficial tool in treating children with congenital heart disease (CHD); 80% of those (48/60) believe 3D models facilitate communication with colleagues; 49% (35/71) of respondents had access to 3D printing technology; and 77% (27/35) of those were using models for clinical care. Access differed according to geographic location (P = 0.004). Of respondents, Americans were 5.5 times more likely (confidence interval, 1.6-19.2) than Canadians to have access to 3D printing technology. The primary reason for lack of access was financial barriers (50%, 18/36). In clinical practice, surgical planning is the primary use of models (96%, 26/27), followed by interventional catheterization planning (52%, 14/27). Double outlet right ventricle was the most commonly modelled lesion (70%, 19/27). Conclusion 3D printing is a new technology that is beneficial in the care of children with CHD. Access to 3D printing varies by geographic location. In pediatric cardiology, 3D models are primarily used for procedural planning for CHD lesions with complex 3D spatial relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline F Illmann
- Children's Heart Centre, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin Hosking
- Children's Heart Centre, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin C Harris
- Children's Heart Centre, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun Z. 3D printed coronary models offer new opportunities for developing optimal coronary CT angiography protocols in imaging coronary stents. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019; 9:1350-1355. [PMID: 31559164 PMCID: PMC6732061 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2019.06.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Sun
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sandrini C, Lombardi C, Shearn AIU, Ordonez MV, Caputo M, Presti F, Luciani GB, Rossetti L, Biglino G. Three-Dimensional Printing of Fetal Models of Congenital Heart Disease Derived From Microfocus Computed Tomography: A Case Series. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:567. [PMID: 32039123 PMCID: PMC6985276 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a case series of n = 21 models of fetal cardiovascular anatomies obtained from post mortem microfocus computed tomography (micro-CT) data. The case series includes a broad range of diagnoses (e.g., tetralogy of Fallot, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, dextrocardia, double outlet right ventricle, atrio-ventricular septal defect) and cases also had a range of associated extra-cardiac malformations (e.g., VACTERL syndrome, central nervous system anomalies, renal anomalies). All cases were successfully reconstructed from the microfocus computed tomography data, demonstrating the feasibility of the technique and of the protocols, including in-house printing with a desktop 3D printer (Form2, Formlabs). All models were printed in 1:1 scale as well as with the 5-fold magnification, to provide insight into the intra-cardiac structures. Possible uses of the models include education and training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Sandrini
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Andrew I U Shearn
- Bristol Medical School, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Victoria Ordonez
- Bristol Medical School, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Caputo
- Bristol Medical School, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Presti
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology B, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Luciani
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucia Rossetti
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Biglino
- Bristol Medical School, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|