1
|
Chico-Sordo L, Ruiz-Martínez T, Toribio M, González-Martín R, Spagnolo E, Domínguez F, Hernández A, García-Velasco JA. Identification of miR-30c-5p microRNA in Serum as a Candidate Biomarker to Diagnose Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1853. [PMID: 38339132 PMCID: PMC10855247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of endometriosis by laparoscopy is delayed until advanced stages. In recent years, microRNAs have emerged as novel biomarkers for different diseases. These molecules are small non-coding RNA sequences involved in the regulation of gene expression and can be detected in peripheral blood. Our aim was to identify candidate serum microRNAs associated with endometriosis and their role as minimally invasive biomarkers. Serum samples were obtained from 159 women, of whom 77 were diagnosed with endometriosis by laparoscopy and 82 were healthy women. First, a preliminary study identified 29 differentially expressed microRNAs between the two study groups. Next, nine of the differentially expressed microRNAs in the preliminary analysis were evaluated in a new cohort of 67 women with endometriosis and 72 healthy women. Upon validation by quantitative real-time PCR technique, the circulating level of miR-30c-5p was significantly higher in the endometriosis group compared with the healthy women group. The area under the curve value of miR-30c-5p was 0.8437, demonstrating its diagnostic potential even when serum samples registered an acceptable limit of hemolysis. Dysregulation of this microRNA was associated with molecular pathways related to cancer and neuronal processes. We concluded that miR-30c-5p is a potential minimally invasive biomarker of endometriosis, with higher expression in the group of women with endometriosis diagnosed by laparoscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Chico-Sordo
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.C.-S.); (F.D.); (J.A.G.-V.)
| | | | - Mónica Toribio
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Madrid, 28023 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto González-Martín
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.C.-S.); (F.D.); (J.A.G.-V.)
| | - Emanuela Spagnolo
- Gynaecology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Domínguez
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.C.-S.); (F.D.); (J.A.G.-V.)
| | - Alicia Hernández
- Gynaecology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. García-Velasco
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.C.-S.); (F.D.); (J.A.G.-V.)
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Madrid, 28023 Madrid, Spain
- School of Health Sciences, Medical Specialties and Public Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology Area, Rey Juan Carlos University Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huo X, Wang K, Yao B, Song L, Li Z, He W, Li Y, Ma J, Wang L, Wu Z. Function and regulation of miR-186-5p, miR-125b-5p and miR-1260a in chordoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1152. [PMID: 38012562 PMCID: PMC10680222 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function and regulation of miRNAs in progression of chordoma were unclear. METHODS Five miRNAs were identified by the machine learning method from the miRNA expression array. CCk-8 assay, EDU assay, wound healing migration assay, and trans-well assay were used to reveal the effect of the miRNAs in chordoma cell lines. Moreover, bioinformation analysis and the mRNA expression array between the primary chordomas and recurrent chordomas were used to find the target protein genes of miRNAs. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assay were used to verify the result. RESULTS miR-186-5p, miR-30c-5p, miR-151b, and miR-125b-5p could inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of chordoma while miR-1260a enhances proliferation, migration, and invasion of chordoma. Recurrent chordoma has a worse disease-free outcome than the primary chordoma patients. AMOT, NPTX1, RYR3, and P2RX5 were the target protein mRNAs of miR-186-5p; NPTX1 was the target protein mRNAs of miR-125b-5p; and AMOT and TNFSF14 were the target protein mRNAs of miR-1260a. CONCLUSIONS miR-186-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-1260a, and their target protein mRNAs including AMOT, NPTX1, RYR3, P2RX5, TNFSF14 may be the basement of chordoma research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xulei Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Nansihuanxilu 119, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Nansihuanxilu 119, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Bohan Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Nansihuanxilu 119, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Lairong Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Nansihuanxilu 119, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zirun Li
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyan He
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, TianJin, China
| | - Junpeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Nansihuanxilu 119, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Nansihuanxilu 119, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Nansihuanxilu 119, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hao Y, Zhu Y, Sun F, Xu D, Wang C. MicroRNA-30c-5p arrests bladder cancer G2/M phase and suppresses its progression by targeting PRC1-mediated blocking of CDK1/Cyclin B1 axis. Cell Signal 2023; 110:110836. [PMID: 37532136 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in cancer development and progression, the dis-regulation of miR-30c-5p has been observed in various malignant tumors but no research was done in bladder cancer (BCa). This study aims to investigate the downregulation of miR-30c-5p in BCa, and examine its mechanism and prognostic significance. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses and clinical specimens were employed to investigate the relationship between miR-30c-5p and clinical information in BCa patients. The expression levels of miR-30c-5p and its target gene were assessed by real-time PCR and western blot. Cell viability was evaluated through clonogenic capacity, CCK-8, and EdU assays. Cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. The anti-tumor effect of miR-30c-5p was also validated in animal models. RESULTS The expression levels of miR-30c-5p were significantly decreased in both bladder tumor tissue and BCa cell lines. Low miR-30c-5p expression was found to be correlated with unfavorable TNM stages and poor prognosis. Over-expressing miR-30c-5p was observed to hinder BCa cell growth, migration, and invasion abilities and causing cell cycle arrest. Mechanistically, miR-30c-5p directly binds and suppresses PRC1, thereby blocking the CDK1/Cyclin B1 axis in BCa, thus impairing BCa cell viability and inducing cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. CONCLUSION Down-regulated miR-30c-5p promotes BCa through its target gene PRC1, miR-30c-5p is a favorable biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes in BCa patients and has the potential to be a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yining Hao
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fukang Sun
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Danfeng Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Chenghe Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chaudhari U, Pohjolainen L, Ruskoaho H, Talman V. Genome-wide profiling of miRNA-gene regulatory networks in mouse postnatal heart development-implications for cardiac regeneration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1148618. [PMID: 37283582 PMCID: PMC10241105 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1148618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background After birth, mammalian cardiomyocytes substantially lose proliferative capacity with a concomitant switch from glycolytic to oxidative mitochondrial energy metabolism. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and thus control various cellular processes. Their roles in the postnatal loss of cardiac regeneration are however still largely unclear. Here, we aimed to identify miRNA-gene regulatory networks in the neonatal heart to uncover role of miRNAs in regulation of cell cycle and metabolism. Methods and results We performed global miRNA expression profiling using total RNA extracted from mouse ventricular tissue samples collected on postnatal day 1 (P01), P04, P09, and P23. We used the miRWalk database to predict the potential target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs and our previously published mRNA transcriptomics data to identify verified target genes that showed a concomitant differential expression in the neonatal heart. We then analyzed the biological functions of the identified miRNA-gene regulatory networks using enriched Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses. Altogether 46 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the distinct stages of neonatal heart development. For twenty miRNAs, up- or downregulation took place within the first 9 postnatal days thus correlating temporally with the loss of cardiac regeneration. Importantly, for several miRNAs, including miR-150-5p, miR-484, and miR-210-3p there are no previous reports about their role in cardiac development or disease. The miRNA-gene regulatory networks of upregulated miRNAs negatively regulated biological processes and KEGG pathways related to cell proliferation, while downregulated miRNAs positively regulated biological processes and KEGG pathways associated with activation of mitochondrial metabolism and developmental hypertrophic growth. Conclusion This study reports miRNAs and miRNA-gene regulatory networks with no previously described role in cardiac development or disease. These findings may help in elucidating regulatory mechanism of cardiac regeneration and in the development of regenerative therapies.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu Q, Li G, Gong L, Cai J, Chen L, Xu X, Liu X, Zhao J, Zeng Y, Gao R, Yu L, Wang Z. Identification of miR-30c-5p as a tumor suppressor by targeting the m 6 A reader HNRNPA2B1 in ovarian cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5055-5070. [PMID: 36259156 PMCID: PMC9972042 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND microRNAs (miRNAs) and N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) play important roles in ovarian cancer (OvCa). However, the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate m6 A in OvCa have not been elucidated so far. METHODS To screen m6 A-related miRNAs, Pearson's correlation analysis of miRNAs and m6 A regulators was implemented using The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). To determine the level of m6 A, RNA m6 A quantitative assays were used. Then, colony formation assays, EdU assays, wound healing assays, and Transwell assays were performed. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the miRNA target genes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of the target genes was performed, and hub genes were discovered using the cytoHubba/Cytoscape software. The underlying molecular mechanisms were explored by bioinformatics and RNA stability assays. RESULTS A total of 126 miRNAs were identified as m6 A-related miRNAs by Pearson's correlation analysis. Among them, the high level of miR-30c-5p was associated with good prognosis in OvCa patients. In vitro, the miR-30c-5p agomir lowered the m6 A level and inhibited OvCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The hub target genes of miR-30c-5p were identified as (i) XPO1, (ii) AGO1, (iii) HNRNPA2B1, of which m6 A reader HNRNPA2B1 was highly expressed in OvCa tissues and related with poor prognosis. In vitro, knockdown of HNRNPA2B1 significantly reduced m6 A level and hampered the proliferation and migration of OvCa cells. The inhibition of m6 A reader HNRNPA2B1 attenuated the suppression of proliferation and migration and the low m6 A level induced by the miR-30c-5p downregulation. Mechanistically, m6 A reader HNRNPA2B1 might regulate CDK19 mRNA stability to alter m6 A level. CONCLUSIONS miR-30c-5p inhibits OvCa progression and reduces the m6 A level by inhibiting m6 A reader HNRNPA2B1, thus providing new insights into the m6 A regulatory mechanism in OvCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiulei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lanqing Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Le Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li M, Liu W, Li J, Zhang H, Xu J. miR-30c plays diagnostic and prognostic roles and mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proliferation of gliomas by affecting Notch1. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16404. [PMID: 36180477 PMCID: PMC9525598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-30c functions as a tumor suppressor gene in the majority of tumors, including gliomas. In our study, we discovered that the expression levels of miR-30c in glioma tissues and plasma prior to surgery were lower than those in normal brain tissue following brain injury decompression and in plasma in healthy volunteers. The low expression of miR-30c was closely aligned with the WHO grade, tumor size, PFS, and OS. Additionally, the miR-30c expression level in tumor tissue was positively correlated with the levels in preoperative plasma. In cell biology experiments, miR-30c inhibited EMT and proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. Analysis of databases of miRNA target genes, real-time quantitative PCR, western blotting, and dual luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that Notch1 is the direct target gene of miR-30c. An inhibitor and shRNA-Notch1 were cotransfected into glioma cells, and it was found that shRNA-Notch1 reduced the enhancement of inhibitors of EMT and proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. Therefore, we believe that when utilized as a tumor suppressor gene, miR-30c can inhibit EMT and the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells by directly acting on Notch1 at the posttranscriptional level and that it is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengkao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. .,The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Haiyilati A, Zhou L, Li J, Li W, Gao L, Cao H, Wang Y, Li X, Zheng SJ. Gga-miR-30c-5p Enhances Apoptosis in Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4-Infected Leghorn Male Hepatocellular Cells and Facilitates Viral Replication through Myeloid Cell Leukemia-1. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050990. [PMID: 35632731 PMCID: PMC9146396 DOI: 10.3390/v14050990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) is the primary causative agent responsible for the hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) in chickens, leading to considerable economic losses to stakeholders. Although the pathogenesis of FAdV-4 infection has gained attention, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unknown. Here, we showed that the ectopic expression of gga-miR-30c-5p in leghorn male hepatocellular (LMH) cells enhanced apoptosis in FAdV-4-infected LMH cells by directly targeting the myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), facilitating viral replication. On the contrary, the inhibition of endogenous gga-miR-30c-5p markedly suppressed apoptosis and viral replication in LMH cells. Importantly, the overexpression of Mcl-1 inhibited gga-miR-30c-5p or FAdV-4-induced apoptosis in LMH cells, reducing FAdV-4 replication, while the knockdown of Mcl-1 by RNAi enhanced apoptosis in LMH cells. Furthermore, transfection of LMH cells with gga-miR-30c-5p mimics enhanced FAdV-4-induced apoptosis associated with increased cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation. Thus, gga-miR-30c-5p enhances FAdV-4-induced apoptosis by directly targeting Mcl-1, a cellular anti-apoptotic protein, facilitating FAdV-4 replication in host cells. These findings could help to unravel the mechanism of how a host responds against FAdV-4 infection at an RNA level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Areayi Haiyilati
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.H.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (W.L.); (L.G.); (H.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.H.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (W.L.); (L.G.); (H.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.H.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (W.L.); (L.G.); (H.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.H.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (W.L.); (L.G.); (H.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.H.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (W.L.); (L.G.); (H.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.H.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (W.L.); (L.G.); (H.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.H.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (W.L.); (L.G.); (H.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (S.J.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-(10)-6273-4681 (S.J.Z.)
| | - Shijun J. Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.H.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (W.L.); (L.G.); (H.C.); (Y.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (S.J.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-(10)-6273-4681 (S.J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|