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Wei F, Gou X, Wang S. Immobilized cells on microcarriers for efficient and biomimetic screening of active compounds acting on FGFR4 from Fructus evodiae. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116284. [PMID: 38908234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Cell membrane coating strategies have been increasingly researched in new drug discovery from complex herb extracts. However, these systems failed to maintain the functionality of the coated cells because cell membranes, not whole cells were used. Original source cells can be used as a vector for active compound screening in a manner that mimics in vivo processes. In this study, we established a novel approach to fabricate high-density fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4)-HEK293 cells on microcarriers covered with collagen through cell culture and covalent immobilization between proteins. This method enables the efficient screening of active compounds from herbs. Two compounds, evodiamine and limonin, were obtained from Fructus evodiae, which were proven to inhibit the FGFR4 target. Enhanced immobilization effects and negligible damage to FGFR4-HEK293 cells treated with paraformaldehyde were successfully confirmed by immunofluorescence assays and transmission electron microscopy. A column was prepared and used to analyze different compounds. The results showed that the method was selective, specific, and reproducible. Overall, the high density of cells immobilized on microcarriers achieved through cell culture and covalent immobilization represents a promising strategy for affinity screening. This approach highlights the potential of the affinity screening method to identify active compounds from an herbal matrix against designed targets and its prospects for use in drug discovery from herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wei
- Health Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, China
| | - Xilan Gou
- Health Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, China
| | - Sicen Wang
- Health Science Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, China.
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Braun M, Piasecka D, Sadej R, Romanska HM. FGFR4-driven plasticity in breast cancer progression and resistance to therapy. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:11-22. [PMID: 38627607 PMCID: PMC11231301 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02658-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is a complex and heterogeneous disease, with different intrinsic molecular subtypes that have distinct clinical outcomes and responses to therapy. Although intrinsic subtyping provides guidance for treatment decisions, it is now widely recognised that, in some cases, the switch of the BCa intrinsic subtype (which embodies cellular plasticity), may be responsible for therapy failure and disease progression. Aberrant FGFR4 signalling has been implicated in various cancers, including BCa, where it had been shown to be associated with aggressive subtypes, such as HER2-enriched BCa, and poor prognosis. More importantly, FGFR4 is also emerging as a potential driver of BCa intrinsic subtype switching, and an essential promoter of brain metastases, particularly in the HER2-positive BCa. Although the available data are still limited, the findings may have far-reaching clinical implications. Here, we provide an updated summary of the existing both pre- and clinical studies of the role of FGFR4 in BCa, with a special focus on its contribution to subtype switching during metastatic spread and/or induced by therapy. We also discuss a potential clinical benefit of targeting FGFR4 in the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Braun
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominika Piasecka
- Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Rafal Sadej
- Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Hanna M Romanska
- Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Yin L, Chen GL, Xiang Z, Liu YL, Li XY, Bi JW, Wang Q. Current progress in chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114648. [PMID: 37023621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cancer in women. Around 20-30% breast cancer patients undergo invasion or metastasis after radical surgical resection and eventually die. Number of breast cancer patients show poor sensitivity toward treatments despite the advances in chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and molecular targeted treatments. Therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence or metastasis develop with the ongoing treatments. Conducive treatment strategies are thus required. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T-cell therapy has progressed as a part of tumor immunotherapy. However, CAR-T treatment has not been effective in solid tumors because of tumor microenvironment complexity, inhibitory effects of extracellular matrix, and lacking ideal tumor antigens. Herein, the prospects of CAR-T cell therapy for metastatic breast cancer are discussed, and the targets for CAR-T therapy in breast cancer (HER-2, C-MET, MSLN, CEA, MUC1, ROR1, EGFR) at clinical level are reviewed. Moreover, solutions are proposed for the challenges of breast cancer CAR-T therapy regarding off-target effects, heterogeneous antigen expression by tumor cells and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Ideas for improving the therapeutics of CAR-T cell therapy in metastatic breast cancer are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250023 Jinan, China; Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, 250023 Jinan, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250355 Jinan, China
| | - Gui-Lai Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250023 Jinan, China; Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, 250023 Jinan, China
| | - Zhuo Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250023 Jinan, China; Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, 250023 Jinan, China
| | - Yu-Lin Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250023 Jinan, China; Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, 250023 Jinan, China
| | - Xing-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Jing-Wang Bi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250023 Jinan, China; Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, 250023 Jinan, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250023 Jinan, China; Oncology Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, 250023 Jinan, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Subtype-Specific Tyrosine Kinases as Triple Negative Breast Cancer Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020403. [PMID: 36672350 PMCID: PMC9856281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) shows impediment to the development of targeted therapies due to the absence of specific molecular targets. The high heterogeneity across TNBC subtypes, which can be classified to be at least four subtypes, including two basal-like (BL1, BL2), a mesenchymal (M), and a luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype, limits the response to cancer therapies. Despite many attempts to identify TNBC biomarkers, there are currently no effective targeted therapies against this malignancy. In this study, thus, we identified the potential tyrosine kinase (TK) genes that are uniquely expressed in each TNBC subtype, since TKs have been typically used as drug targets. Differentially expressed TK genes were analyzed from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and were confirmed with the other datasets of both TNBC patients and cell lines. The results revealed that each TNBC subtype expressed distinct TK genes that were specific to the TNBC subtype. The identified subtype-specific TK genes of BL1, BL2, M, and LAR are LYN, CSF1R, FGRF2, and SRMS, respectively. These findings could serve as a potential biomarker of specific TNBC subtypes, which could lead to an effective treatment for TNBC patients.
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Moes-Sosnowska J, Skupinska M, Lechowicz U, Szczepulska-Wojcik E, Skronska P, Rozy A, Stepniewska A, Langfort R, Rudzinski P, Orlowski T, Popiel D, Stanczak A, Wieczorek M, Chorostowska-Wynimko J. FGFR1-4 RNA-Based Gene Alteration and Expression Analysis in Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810506. [PMID: 36142417 PMCID: PMC9505002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are involved in several biological pathways and FGFR inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of squamous non-small cell lung cancer (Sq-NSCLC), FGFR aberrations are not well characterized in Sq-NSCLC. We comprehensively evaluated FGFR expression, fusions, and variants in 40 fresh-frozen primary Sq-NSCLC (stage IA3−IV) samples and tumor-adjacent normal tissues using real-time PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Protein expression of FGFR1−3 and amplification of FGFR1 were also analyzed. FGFR1 and FGFR4 median gene expression was significantly (p < 0.001) decreased in tumors compared with normal tissue. Increased FGFR3 expression enhanced the recurrence risk (hazard ratio 4.72, p = 0.029), while high FGFR4 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.036). Enhanced FGFR1 gene expression was correlated with FGFR1 protein overexpression (r = 0.75, p = 0.0003), but not with FGFR1 amplification. NGS revealed known pathogenic FGFR2,3 variants, an FGFR3::TACC3 fusion, and a novel TACC1::FGFR1 fusion together with FGFR1,2 variants of uncertain significance not previously reported in Sq-NSCLC. These findings expand our knowledge of the Sq-NSCLC molecular background and show that combining different methods increases the rate of FGFR aberrations detection, which may improve patient selection for FGFRi treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Moes-Sosnowska
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland or
| | - Monika Skupinska
- Preclinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A, Research & Development Centre, 05-152 Kazun Nowy, Poland
| | - Urszula Lechowicz
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland or
| | - Ewa Szczepulska-Wojcik
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Skronska
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland or
| | - Adriana Rozy
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland or
| | - Aneta Stepniewska
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland or
| | - Renata Langfort
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Rudzinski
- Department of Surgery, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Orlowski
- Department of Surgery, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Delfina Popiel
- Preclinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A, Research & Development Centre, 05-152 Kazun Nowy, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Stanczak
- Clinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., Research & Development Centre, 05-152 Kazun Nowy, Poland
| | - Maciej Wieczorek
- Preclinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A, Research & Development Centre, 05-152 Kazun Nowy, Poland
- Clinical Development Department, Celon Pharma S.A., Research & Development Centre, 05-152 Kazun Nowy, Poland
| | - Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland or
- Correspondence: or
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