1
|
Liu C, Han X, Zhang S, Huang M, Guo B, Zhao Z, Yang S, Jin J, Pu W, Yu H. The role of NCAPH in cancer treatment. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111262. [PMID: 38901722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Many solid tumors frequently overexpress Non-SMC Condensin I Complex Subunit H (NCAPH), and new studies suggest that NCAPH may be a target gene for clinical cancer therapy. Numerous investigations have shown that a variety of transcription factors, including as MYBL2, FOXP3, GATA3, and OTC1, can stimulate the transcription of NCAPH. Additionally, NCAPH stimulates many oncogenic signaling pathways, such as β-Catenin/PD-L1, PI3K/AKT/SGK3, MEK/ERK, AURKB/AKT/mTOR, PI3K/PDK1/AKT, and Chk1/Chk2. Tumor immune microenvironment modification and tumor growth, apoptosis, metastasis, stemness, and treatment resistance all depend on these signals. NCAPH has the ability to form complexes with other proteins that are involved in glycolysis, DNA damage repair, and chromatin remodeling. This review indicates that NCAPH expression in most malignant tumors is associated with poor prognosis and low recurrence-free survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Manru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Bin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shenshen Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jun Jin
- International Education College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Weiling Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mendiburu‐Eliçabe M, García‐Sancha N, Corchado‐Cobos R, Martínez‐López A, Chang H, Hua Mao J, Blanco‐Gómez A, García‐Casas A, Castellanos‐Martín A, Salvador N, Jiménez‐Navas A, Pérez‐Baena MJ, Sánchez‐Martín MA, Abad‐Hernández MDM, Carmen SD, Claros‐Ampuero J, Cruz‐Hernández JJ, Rodríguez‐Sánchez CA, García‐Cenador MB, García‐Criado FJ, Vicente RS, Castillo‐Lluva S, Pérez‐Losada J. NCAPH drives breast cancer progression and identifies a gene signature that predicts luminal a tumour recurrence. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1554. [PMID: 38344872 PMCID: PMC10859882 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Luminal A tumours generally have a favourable prognosis but possess the highest 10-year recurrence risk among breast cancers. Additionally, a quarter of the recurrence cases occur within 5 years post-diagnosis. Identifying such patients is crucial as long-term relapsers could benefit from extended hormone therapy, while early relapsers might require more aggressive treatment. METHODS We conducted a study to explore non-structural chromosome maintenance condensin I complex subunit H's (NCAPH) role in luminal A breast cancer pathogenesis, both in vitro and in vivo, aiming to identify an intratumoural gene expression signature, with a focus on elevated NCAPH levels, as a potential marker for unfavourable progression. Our analysis included transgenic mouse models overexpressing NCAPH and a genetically diverse mouse cohort generated by backcrossing. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) multivariate regression analysis was performed on transcripts associated with elevated intratumoural NCAPH levels. RESULTS We found that NCAPH contributes to adverse luminal A breast cancer progression. The intratumoural gene expression signature associated with elevated NCAPH levels emerged as a potential risk identifier. Transgenic mice overexpressing NCAPH developed breast tumours with extended latency, and in Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV)-NCAPHErbB2 double-transgenic mice, luminal tumours showed increased aggressiveness. High intratumoural Ncaph levels correlated with worse breast cancer outcome and subpar chemotherapy response. A 10-gene risk score, termed Gene Signature for Luminal A 10 (GSLA10), was derived from the LASSO analysis, correlating with adverse luminal A breast cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS The GSLA10 signature outperformed the Oncotype DX signature in discerning tumours with unfavourable outcomes, previously categorised as luminal A by Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 (PAM50) across three independent human cohorts. This new signature holds promise for identifying luminal A tumour patients with adverse prognosis, aiding in the development of personalised treatment strategies to significantly improve patient outcomes.
Collapse
|
3
|
Mendiburu-Eliçabe M, García-Sancha N, Corchado-Cobos R, Martínez-López A, Chang H, Mao JH, Blanco-Gómez A, García-Casas A, Castellanos-Martín A, Salvador N, Jiménez-Navas A, Pérez-Baena MJ, Sánchez-Martín MA, Abad-Hernández MDM, Del Carmen S, Claros-Ampuero J, Cruz-Hernández JJ, Rodríguez-Sánchez CA, García-Cenador MB, García-Criado FJ, Vicente RS, Castillo-Lluva S, Pérez-Losada J. NCAPH Drives Breast Cancer Progression and Identifies a Gene Signature that Predicts Luminal A Tumor Recurrence. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3231230. [PMID: 37886490 PMCID: PMC10602143 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3231230/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite their generally favorable prognosis, luminal A tumors paradoxically pose the highest ten-year recurrence risk among breast cancers. From those that relapse, a quarter of them do it within five years after diagnosis. Identifying such patients is crucial, as long-term relapsers could benefit from extended hormone therapy, whereas early relapsers may require aggressive treatment. In this study, we demonstrate that NCAPH plays a role in the pathogenesis of luminal A breast cancer, contributing to its adverse progression in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we reveal that a signature of intratumoral gene expression, associated with elevated levels of NCAPH, serves as a potential marker to identify patients facing unfavorable progression of luminal A breast cancer. Indeed, transgenic mice overexpressing NCAPH generated breast tumors with long latency, and in MMTV-NCAPH/ErbB2+ double-transgenic mice, the luminal tumors formed were more aggressive. In addition, high intratumoral levels of Ncaph were associated with worse breast cancer evolution and poor response to chemotherapy in a cohort of genetically heterogeneous transgenic mice generated by backcrossing. In this cohort of mice, we identified a series of transcripts associated with elevated intratumoral levels of NCAPH, which were linked to adverse progression of breast cancer in both mice and humans. Utilizing the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) multivariate regression analysis on this series of transcripts, we derived a ten-gene risk score. This score is defined by a gene signature (termed Gene Signature for Luminal A 10 or GSLA10) that correlates with unfavorable progression of luminal A breast cancer. The GSLA10 signature surpassed the Oncotype DX signature in discerning tumors with unfavorable outcomes (previously categorized as Luminal A by PAM50) across three independent human cohorts. This GSLA10 signature aids in identifying patients with Luminal A tumors displaying adverse prognosis, who could potentially benefit from personalized treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mendiburu-Eliçabe
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Natalia García-Sancha
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Roberto Corchado-Cobos
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Angélica Martínez-López
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hang Chang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Berkeley Biomedical Data Science Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jian Hua Mao
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Berkeley Biomedical Data Science Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Adrián Blanco-Gómez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana García-Casas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Castellanos-Martín
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Nélida Salvador
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Jiménez-Navas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Jesús Pérez-Baena
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Adolfo Sánchez-Martín
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Transgénesis, Plataforma Nucleus, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Abad-Hernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sofía Del Carmen
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juncal Claros-Ampuero
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan Jesús Cruz-Hernández
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - César Augusto Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Begoña García-Cenador
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier García-Criado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Castillo-Lluva
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Losada
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang G, Tian Q, Shi P, Li Z, Li Y, Chen J, Wang W, Chen R, Zhong H, Wu G. Association of NCAP family genes with prognosis and immune infiltration of human sarcoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204683. [PMID: 37192046 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to explore the correlation of NCAP family genes with expression, prognosis, and immune infiltration in human sarcoma. RESULTS Compared with normal human tissues, six NCAP family genes were highly expressed in sarcoma tissues, and high expression of the six genes were significantly associated with the poor prognosis of sarcoma patients. The expression of NCAPs in sarcoma was significantly related to the low infiltration level of macrophages and CD4+ T cells. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that NCAPs and their interacting genes were mainly enriched in organelle fission for biological processes (BP), spindle for cellular component (CC), tubulin binding for molecular function (MF), and 'Cell cycle' pathway. METHODS We explored the expression of NCAP family members by ONCOMINE, and GEPIA databases. Additionally, the prognostic value of NCAP family genes in sarcoma was detected by Kaplan-Meier Plotter and GEPIA databases. Moreover, we explored the relationship between NCAP family gene expression level and immune infiltration using the TIMER database. Finally, we performed GO and KEGG analysis for NCAPs-related genes by DAVID database. CONCLUSION The six members of NCAP gene family can be used as biomarkers to predict the prognosis of sarcoma. They were also correlated with the low immune infiltration in sarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Pingchang County, Pingchang, Sichuan 636400, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qunyan Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Peikai Shi
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Zhigao Li
- Department of General Surgery, People’s Hospital of Pingchang County, Pingchang, Sichuan 636400, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Pingchang County, Pingchang, Sichuan 636400, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Longhui People’s Hospital, Shaoyang, Hunan 422200, China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ruiqi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510900, China
| | - Gen Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510900, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Z, Zheng Y, Wu Z, Zhuo T, Zhu Y, Dai L, Wang Y, Chen M. NCAPD2 is a novel marker for the poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma and is associated with immune infiltration and tumor mutational burden. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32686. [PMID: 36701707 PMCID: PMC9857258 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is at present the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer worldwide. Non-SMC condensin I complex subunit D2 (NCAPD2) is one of the 3 non-SMC subunits in condensin I. Previous studies have confirmed that NCAPD2 plays a critical role in chromosome cohesion and segregation. NCAPD2 may be involved in tumorigenesis and progression by participating in abnormal cell cycle division, but the prognostic value of NCAPD2 in LUAD remains unclear. We investigated differences in the expression levels of NCAPD2 and determined their association with clinical features, as well as their diagnostic and prognostic value using the cancer genome atlas database. The function of NCAPD2 was analyzed using gene ontology, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, and gene set enrichment analysis. CIBERSORT, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, and ESTIMATE were used to analyze the immune microenvironment of tumor patients. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) and immune checkpoints were analyzed, while hub genes were identified using weighted gene coexpression network analysis and were used to construct prognostic models. Subsequently, the competing endogenous RNAs network of NCAPD2 in LUAD was explored. Finally, we performed qPCR to verify differences in NCAPD2 expression between the tumor and normal tissues. The expression of NCAPD2 in LUAD was significantly upregulated compared with normal lung tissues. NCAPD2 has been linked to the T stage, N stage, and tumor stage. The elevated expression of NCAPD2 in LUAD can predict a poor prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the main function of NCAPD2 was in cell cycle regulation. Moreover, NCAPD2 was also associated with immune cell infiltration and TMB. NCAPD2 is a novel prognostic marker in LUAD and is associated with immune infiltration and TMB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Li
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuxuan Zheng
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zuotao Wu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ting Zhuo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongjie Zhu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongyong Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Mingwu Chen
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- * Correspondence: Mingwu Chen, Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Y, Ma X, Feng L, Lin Z, Zhou X. An integrative pan-cancer analysis reveals the carcinogenic effects of NCAPH in human cancer. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:76-92. [PMID: 36650758 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-chromosomal structure maintenance protein condensin complex I subunit H (NCAPH) has been reported to play a regulatory role in a variety of cancers and is associated with tumor poor prognosis. This study aims to explore the potential role of NCAPH with a view to providing insights on pathologic mechanisms. METHODS The expression of NCAPH in different tumors was explored by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx). The prognostic value of NCAPH was retrieved through GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases. Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource (TIMER) and Single-Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to search for the association of NCAPH with tumor immune infiltration. The cBioPortal and PhosphoSite Plus databases showed NCAPH phosphorylation status in tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed using bioinformatics. RESULTS Our findings revealed that NCAPH showed high expression levels in a wide range of tumor types, and was strongly correlated with the prognosis of patients. Moreover, a higher phosphorylation level at S59, S67, S76, S190, S222 and T38 site was discovered in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). NCAPH overexpression was positively correlated with the infiltration level of CD8+T cells and myeloid dendritic infiltration in breast cancer and thymoma. CONCLUSIONS The up-regulation of NCAPH was significantly correlated with the poor prognosis and immune infiltration in pan-cancer, and NCAPH could be served as a potential immunotherapeutic target for cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Linyuan Feng
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji 133000, China
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Xianchun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji 133000, China
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| |
Collapse
|