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Huang X, Xiong L, Zhang Y, Peng X, Ba H, Yang P. Proteomic profile of the antibody diversity in circulating extracellular vesicles of lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:27953. [PMID: 39543163 PMCID: PMC11564652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin diversity encompasses B-cell receptor, T-cell receptor, and antibody diversity. Existing studies have focused more on the role of B-cell and T-cell receptor diversity in tumor immunity, while the role of antibody diversity is less understood. This study examined and compared the blood extracellular vesicles (EVs) of lung cancer patients and healthy individuals using proteomics and bioinformatics analyses. The results revealed that among the 270 identified proteins, those involved in defense mechanisms were the most abundant. Most of these were antibody subtypes, accounting for 50.00%. Similarly, of the 40 identified EVs differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), 29 were involved in defense mechanisms (72.50%), with a higher proportion being antibody subtypes (82.76%). Furthermore, 24 DEP antibody subtypes were implicated in 18 immune reaction-related signaling pathways. These findings suggest that human serum EVs contain a significant number of antibody subtypes, and the antibody subtypes from lung cancer serum EVs differ from those of healthy controls (HCs). The variations in antibody diversity may be closely associated with lung cancer tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfu Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Lijuan Xiong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xin Peng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Hongping Ba
- Department of Quality Evaluation, Wuhan Center for Clinical Laboratory, No. 24, Jianghan North Road, Jiang'an District, Wuhan, 430400, China.
| | - Peng Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China.
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2
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Amato L, De Rosa C, De Rosa V, Heydari Sheikhhossein H, Ariano A, Franco P, Nele V, Capaldo S, Di Guida G, Sepe F, Di Liello A, De Rosa G, Tuccillo C, Gambardella A, Ciardiello F, Morgillo F, Tirino V, Della Corte CM, Iommelli F, Vicidomini G. Immune-Cell-Derived Exosomes as a Potential Novel Tool to Investigate Immune Responsiveness in SCLC Patients: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3151. [PMID: 39335123 PMCID: PMC11430591 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16183151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly invasive and rapidly proliferating lung tumor subtype. Most patients respond well to a combination of platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitors. Unfortunately, not all patients benefit from this treatment regimen, and few alternative therapies are available. In this scenario, the identification of new biomarkers and differential therapeutic strategies to improve tumor response becomes urgent. Here, we investigated the role of exosomes (EXs) released from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SCLC patients in mediating the functional crosstalk between the immune system and tumors in response to treatments. In this study, we showed that PBMC-EXs from SCLC patients with different responses to chemoimmunotherapy showed different levels of immune (STING and MAVS) and EMT (Snail and c-Myc) markers. We demonstrated that PBMC-EXs derived from best responder (BR) patients were able to induce a significant increase in apoptosis in SCLC cell lines in vitro compared to PBMC-EXs derived from non-responder (NR) SCLC patients. PBMC-EXs were able to affect cell viability and modulate apoptotic markers, DNA damage and the replication stress pathway, as well as the occurrence of EMT. Our work provides proof of concept that PBMC-EXs can be used as a tool to study the crosstalk between cancer cells and immune cells and that PBMC-EXs exhibit an in vitro ability to promote cancer cell death and reduce tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Amato
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Caterina De Rosa
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Viviana De Rosa
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy; (V.D.R.); (F.I.)
| | - Hamid Heydari Sheikhhossein
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Villa Serena Foundation for Research, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Ariano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Paola Franco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati Traverso, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valeria Nele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.N.); (G.D.R.)
| | - Sara Capaldo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Gaetano Di Guida
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Filippo Sepe
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Alessandra Di Liello
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.N.); (G.D.R.)
| | - Concetta Tuccillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Antonio Gambardella
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Floriana Morgillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Virginia Tirino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Carminia Maria Della Corte
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy (A.A.); (S.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.S.); (A.D.L.); (C.T.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesca Iommelli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy; (V.D.R.); (F.I.)
| | - Giovanni Vicidomini
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
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3
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Yu S, Jiang S, Zhou Y, Zhu Z, Yang X. Impact of Radiation on Exosomes in Regulating Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Adv Radiat Oncol 2024; 9:101549. [PMID: 39055959 PMCID: PMC11269846 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2024.101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Exosomes have been shown to play a role in most, if not all, steps of cancer progression. We still lack a comprehensive understanding of the bidirectional communication of exosomes between tumor cells and immune cells. This article aims to explore how exosomes can influence cancer growth and how they are affected by radiation therapy. Methods and Materials We searched on PubMed and Web of Science on the impact of radiation on tumor derived exosomes and immune cell derived exosomes in tumor immune microenvironment. We screened all the related articles and summarized their main discoveries and important results. Results This article reviewed the effects of tumor derived exosomes and immune cell-derived exosomes on TME and tumor progression after radiotherapy, suggesting the dual effects of exosomes which may refer to clinical practice. Moreover, we retrospected the clinical applications based on tumor derived exosomes, including liquid biopsy, radio-resistance and drug delivery, and discussed the challenges and prospects. Conclusions Exosomes are important in cancer treatment, especially with radiation therapy. Learning more about them could lead to better treatments. However, there are still challenges to overcome. The review points out the need for more research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silai Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengfei Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
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4
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Cheng SH, Tu KY, Lee HH. The dynamic duo: A narrative review on the synergy between stereotactic body radiotherapy and immunotherapy in lung cancer treatment (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:96. [PMID: 38874014 PMCID: PMC11188053 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), is undoubtedly one of the major breakthroughs in lung cancer research. Patient survival and prognosis have all been improved as a result, although numerous patients do not respond to immunotherapy due to various immune escape mechanisms of the tumor cells. Recent preclinical and clinical evidence has shown that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), also known as stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, has a prominent immune priming effect that could elicit antitumor immunity against specific tumor antigens and destroy distant tumor cells, thereby achieving the elusive abscopal effect, with the resulting immuno‑active tumor environment also being more conducive to ICIs. Some landmark trials have already demonstrated the survival benefit of the dynamic duo of SBRT plus immunotherapy in metastatic non‑small‑cell lung cancer, while others such as PEMBRO‑RT further suggest that the addition of SBRT to immunotherapy could expand the current indication to those who have historically responded poorly to ICIs. In the present review, the biological mechanisms that drive the synergistic effect of SBRT and immunotherapy were first briefly outlined; then, the current understanding from clinical trials was summarized and new insight into the evolving role of immunotherapy and SBRT synergy in lung cancer treatment was provided. Finally, novel avenues for discovery were highlighted. The innovation of the present review lies in the inclusion of non‑ICI immunotherapy in the discussion, which provides a more comprehensive view on the current development and future trend of SBRT + immunotherapy synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hsin Cheng
- Department of Clinical Education and Training, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuan-Yi Tu
- School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Hua Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
- PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C
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5
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Castillo-Peña A, Molina-Pinelo S. Landscape of tumor and immune system cells-derived exosomes in lung cancer: mediators of antitumor immunity regulation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1279495. [PMID: 37915578 PMCID: PMC10616833 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1279495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a critical role in cancer, including lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade, has revolutionized the treatment of lung cancer, but a large subset of patients either do not respond or develop resistance. Exosomes, essential mediators of cell-to-cell communication, exert a profound influence on the tumor microenvironment and the interplay between cancer and the immune system. This review focuses on the role of tumor-derived exosomes and immune cells-derived exosomes in the crosstalk between these cell types, influencing the initiation and progression of lung cancer. Depending on their cell of origin and microenvironment, exosomes can contain immunosuppressive or immunostimulatory molecules that can either promote or inhibit tumor growth, thus playing a dual role in the disease. Furthermore, the use of exosomes in lung cancer immunotherapy is discussed. Their potential applications as cell-free vaccines and drug delivery systems make them an attractive option for lung cancer treatment. Additionally, exosomal proteins and RNAs emerge as promising biomarkers that could be employed for the prediction, diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of the disease. In summary, this review assesses the relationship between exosomes, lung cancer, and the immune system, shedding light on their potential clinical applications and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Castillo-Peña
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Sonia Molina-Pinelo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Center for Biomedical Research Network in Oncology (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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6
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Xu N, Wu D, Gao J, Jiang H, Li Q, Bao S, Luo Y, Zhou Q, Liao C, Yang J. The effect of tumor vascular remodeling and immune microenvironment activation induced by radiotherapy: quantitative evaluation with magnetic resonance/photoacoustic dual-modality imaging. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:6555-6570. [PMID: 37869299 PMCID: PMC10585512 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Tumor radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for solid tumors has been proposed, but tumor vascular structure abnormalities and immune microenvironment often affect the therapeutic effect of tumor, and multimodal imaging technology can provide more accurate and comprehensive information in tumor research. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dynamic monitoring of tumor blood vessels and microenvironment induced by radiotherapy by magnetic resonance/photoacoustic (MR/PA) imaging, and to explore its application value in radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy. Methods The tumor-bearing mice were randomly allocated into six groups, which received different doses of radiation therapy (2 Gy ×14 or 8 Gy ×3) and anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody for two consecutive weeks. MR/PA imaging was used to noninvasively evaluate the response of tumor to different doses of radiotherapy, combined with histopathological techniques to observe the tumor vessels and microenvironment. Results The inhibitory effect of high-dose radiotherapy on tumors was significantly greater than that of low-dose radiotherapy, with the MR images revealing that the signal intensity decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with those in the other groups, the tumor vascular density decreased significantly (P<0.01), and the vascular maturity index increased significantly in the low-dose group (P<0.05). The PA images showed that the deoxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin levels decreased and the SO2 level increased after radiation treatment (P<0.05). In addition, the high-dose group had an increased number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells) (P<0.01, P<0.05) and natural killer cells (P<0.001) and increased PD-L1 expression in the tumors (P<0.05). The combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy increased the survival rate of the mice (P<0.05), and a regimen of an 8 Gy dose of radiation combined with immunotherapy inhibited tumor growth and increased the survival rate of the mice to a greater degree than the 2 Gy radiation dose with immunotherapy combination (P=0.002). Conclusions Differential fractionation radiotherapy doses exert biological effects on tumor vascular and the immune microenvironment, and MR/PA can be used to evaluate tumor vascular remodeling after radiotherapy, which has certain value for the clinical applications of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
| | - Dan Wu
- School of Optoelectric Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyan Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
| | - Huabei Jiang
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
| | - Qinqing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
| | - Shasha Bao
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
| | - Yueyuan Luo
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhou
- School of Optoelectric Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengde Liao
- Department of Radiology, Kunming Yan’an Hospital (Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
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7
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Xiao Y, Zhuang H. Effect of stereotactic radiotherapy on immune microenvironment of lung cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1025872. [PMID: 36211382 PMCID: PMC9540518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1025872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is one of the main treatment modalities for lung cancer, and the current SRT approach combined with immunotherapy has initially presented good clinical efficacy in lung cancer. SRT activates the immune system through in situ immunization, releasing antigens into the blood, which promotes the antigen–antibody response and then induces tumor cell apoptosis. Dose fractionation has different effects on the immune microenvironment, and the tumor microenvironment after SRT also changes over time, all of which have an impact on SRT combined immunotherapy. Although much research on the immune microenvironment of SRT has been conducted, many problems still require further exploration.
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8
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Xu L, Zou C, Zhang S, Chu TSM, Zhang Y, Chen W, Zhao C, Yang L, Xu Z, Dong S, Yu H, Li B, Guan X, Hou Y, Kong FM. Reshaping the systemic tumor immune environment (STIE) and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in solid tumors. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:87. [PMID: 35799264 PMCID: PMC9264569 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01307-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of combination immunotherapy based on the mediation of regulatory mechanisms of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is promising. However, a deep understanding of tumor immunology must involve the systemic tumor immune environment (STIE) which was merely illustrated previously. Here, we aim to review recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics and spatial transcriptomics for the studies of STIE, TIME, and their interactions, which may reveal heterogeneity in immunotherapy responses as well as the dynamic changes essential for the treatment effect. We review the evidence from preclinical and clinical studies related to TIME, STIE, and their significance on overall survival, through different immunomodulatory pathways, such as metabolic and neuro-immunological pathways. We also evaluate the significance of the STIE, TIME, and their interactions as well as changes after local radiotherapy and systemic immunotherapy or combined immunotherapy. We focus our review on the evidence of lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, aiming to reshape STIE and TIME to enhance immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Chang Zou
- Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China.,Shenzhen Public Service Platform on Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Education Ministry, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Life and Marine Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Timothy Shun Man Chu
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caining Zhao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China
| | - Shaowei Dong
- Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bo Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Xinyuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China. .,Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, Guangdong, 528200, China.
| | - Yuzhu Hou
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Feng-Ming Kong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518053, China. .,Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Lucia F, Geier M, Schick U, Bourbonne V. Narrative Review of Synergistics Effects of Combining Immunotherapy and Stereotactic Radiation Therapy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061414. [PMID: 35740435 PMCID: PMC9219862 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) has become an attractive treatment modality in full bloom in recent years by presenting itself as a safe, noninvasive alternative to surgery to control primary or secondary malignancies. Although the focus has been on local tumor control as the therapeutic goal of stereotactic radiotherapy, rare but intriguing observations of abscopal (or out-of-field) effects have highlighted the exciting possibility of activating antitumor immunity using high-dose radiation. Furthermore, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of several types of cancers in recent years. However, resistance to immunotherapy often develops. These observations have led researchers to combine immunotherapy with SRT in an attempt to improve outcomes. The benefits of this combination would come from the stimulation and suppression of various immune pathways. Thus, in this review, we will first discuss the immunomodulation induced by SRT with the promising results of preclinical studies on the changes in the immune balance observed after SRT. Then, we will discuss the opportunities and risks of the combination of SRT and immunotherapy with the preclinical and clinical data available in the literature. Furthermore, we will see that many perspectives are conceivable to potentiate the synergistic effects of this combination with the need for prospective studies to confirm the encouraging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Lucia
- Radiation Oncology Department, University Hospital, 29200 Brest, France; (U.S.); (V.B.)
- LaTIM, INSERM, UMR 1101, University of Brest, 29200 Brest, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Margaux Geier
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital, 29200 Brest, France;
| | - Ulrike Schick
- Radiation Oncology Department, University Hospital, 29200 Brest, France; (U.S.); (V.B.)
- LaTIM, INSERM, UMR 1101, University of Brest, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Vincent Bourbonne
- Radiation Oncology Department, University Hospital, 29200 Brest, France; (U.S.); (V.B.)
- LaTIM, INSERM, UMR 1101, University of Brest, 29200 Brest, France
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