The effect of complicated febrile convulsion on hippocampal function and its antiepileptic treatment significance

Low-intensity exercise combined with sodium valproate attenuates kainic acid-induced seizures and associated co-morbidities by inhibiting NF-κB signaling in mice

Sodium valproate (VPA) is a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant that is effective both in adults and children suffering from epilepsy, but it causes psychiatric and behavioral side effects in patients with epilepsy. In addition, 30% of patients with epilepsy develop resistance to VPA. At present, regular physical exercise has shown many benefits and has become an effective complementary therapy for various brain diseases, including epilepsy. Therefore, we wondered whether VPA combined with exercise would be more effective in the treatment of seizures and associated co-morbidities. Here, we used a mouse model with kainic acid (KA)-induced epilepsy to compare the seizure status and the levels of related co-morbidities, such as cognition, depression, anxiety, and movement disorders, in each group using animal behavioral experiment and local field potential recordings. Subsequently, we investigated the mechanism behind this phenomenon by immunological means. Our results showed that low-intensity exercise combined with VPA reduced seizures and associated co-morbidities. This phenomenon seems to be related to the Toll-like receptor 4, activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and release of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and IL-6. In brief, low-intensity exercise combined with VPA enhanced the downregulation of NF-κB-related inflammatory response, thereby alleviating the seizures, and associated co-morbidities.

EEG AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TRANSMITTER ON ATHLETES TRAINING

ABSTRACT Introduction: Modern EEG technology can evaluate the current level of an individual's central functioning after analyzing the frequency of brain waves (II). The A wave (8 ~ 14Hz) of brain waves (EBG) is one of the most important index parameters in diagnosing the brain's central functioning level. Objective: To explore the effects of different training loads on the brain function of elite archers and provide an objective basis for improving the scientific level of archery training. Methods: The effects of EEG information and central nerve transmitters on athletes’ regulation and training were analyzed by testing and statistical methods. Results: Both HL-LLI and LL-HLI stages showed a decreasing trend in EEG complexity. Although the differences between the two stages were not significant all of them were considerably lower than the LL-LLI stage. The number of athletes with central fatigue in both stages showed an increasing trend. Conclusions: Athletes in training also need to focus on recovery after training, which requires a view of scientific training and scientific recovery as an organic whole that cannot be separated. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.