Application of vitamin A palmitate eye gel and nurse value of Watson's theory of caring in children with dry eye after strabismus surgery: a randomized trial

Critical analysis of the scientific production on Jean Watson's Theory of Human Care

OBJECTIVES

to analyze current scientific production on the use of the theoretical-methodological precepts of Jean Watson's Theory of Human Care/Clinical Caritas Process.

METHODS

quantitative, exploratory, descriptive study using data from 1979 to 2023 in the Scopus database. Analysis was carried out using VOSviewer software.

RESULTS

the 73 studies included establish a network of collaboration among 221 authors from 155 institutions in 18 countries, who discuss the development of ethical behavior in nursing staff, through technical improvement, implementation, and validation of instrumental strategies capable of measuring and evaluating the quality of holistic and empathetic care. The Theory of Human Caring contributes to nursing training and care, and Process Clinical Caritas-Veritas is useful for the different possibilities of practice and education.

CONCLUSIONS

it is important to strengthen with more empirical data a nursing work model centered on individual human care, supporting the evolution of scientific nursing knowledge.

The protective effect of vitamin A palmitate eye gel on the ocular surface during general anaesthesia surgery: a randomized controlled trial

PURPOSE

To investigate the change in tear production associated with general anesthesia and the protective effect of vitamin A palmitate eye gel on the ocular surface during general anesthesia.

METHODS

This double-blind, randomized clinical trial included patients undergoing non-ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia who randomly received vitamin A palmitate eye gel and taping for one eye (Group A, n = 60) or taping alone for the other eye (Group B, n = 60). Symptom assessment in dry eye (SANDE) score, tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score, and Schirmer tear test I (STT-1) were analyzed under a hand-held slit lamp before anesthesia (T0), 0.5 h postoperatively (T1), and 24 h postoperatively (T2).

RESULTS

At 0.5 h postoperatively, an increase in CFS score was observed in both groups (P < 0.05 in Group A and P < 0.01 in Group B), and the participants in Group A had less corneal abrasions than those in Group B. STT-1 significantly increased in Group A (P < 0.05), while it significantly decreased in Group B (P < 0.001). The changes between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001). At 24 h postoperatively, both CFS score and STT-1 almost returned to baseline levels in the two groups. In both groups, the SANDE score and TBUT showed little change at 0.5 h and 24 h postoperatively (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Vitamin A palmitate eye gel effectively protected the ocular surface and aqueous supplementation during general anesthesia.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100052140) on 20/10/2021.

Buddleja officinalis Maxim.: A review of its botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential for ophthalmic diseases

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE

Buddleja officinalis Maxim. (B. officinalis), commonly known as "Menghua" "Yangerduo" is a widely recognized traditional herbal medicine in China, Korea, and Vietnam. For thousands of years, it has been used to treat dry eye disease, conjunctivitis, keratitis, eye ulcers, eye pain, cough, asthma, hemoptysis, and other medical conditions.

AIM OF THE REVIEW

This review article aims to provide a concise summary of the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, medicinal potential, and application of B. officinalis in treating ophthalmic diseases and critically evaluates the existing literature to establish a scientific basis for its reasonable utilization and further investigation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The information reviewed in this study was collected from various electronic resources, including the Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar.

RESULTS

To date, 80 structurally diverse compounds have been isolated and characterized from B. officinalis, primarily flavonoids, phenylethanoids, triterpenoids, and monoterpenes. Extracts and compounds derived from B. officinalis have been reported to possess broad pharmacological effects including anti-dry eye disease, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, improving osteoporosis and treatment of skin diseases. This review provides a reference for the future studies on of B. officinalis.

CONCLUSIONS

As a natural medicinal plant, B. officinalis is worthy of further development in botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential for ophthalmic diseases. Although some components have demonstrated multiple pharmacological activities, their mechanisms of action remain unclear. Further studies on the underlying molecular basis and mechanism of action are warranted.

A clinical study of topical treatment for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy with dry eye syndrome

INTRODUCTION

Clinically, thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients were suffered from dry eye syndrome. Only a few relevant studies were about this topic. Our study was determined to provide high-level evidence for the treatment of TAO with dry eye syndrome.

PURPOSE

To compare the clinical effects of vitamin A palmitate eye gel and sodium hyaluronate eye drop forTAO patients with dry eye syndrome.

METHODS

The study was conducted in the Ophthalmology Department of the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with the Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from May to October 2020. A total of 80 mild or moderate-to-severe TAO patients with dry eye syndrome were randomly divided into two groups. The disease stages of all subjects were inactive. Patients in group A were treated with vitamin A palmitate eye gel three times/day for one month and sodium hyaluronate eye drop in group B. The index including break-up time (BUT) and Schirmer I test (ST), corneal fluorescence staining (FL), ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and adverse reactions were recorded by the same clinician at baseline and 1 month after treatment. The data were analyzed by SPSS 24.0.

RESULTS

Finally, 65 subjects completed the treatment. The average age of the patients in Group A was 38.1 ± 11.4 years, and that in Group B was 37.26 ± 10.67 years. 82% of the subjects in group A were female and 74% in group B. There was no significant difference between the two groups at baseline, including the value of ST, BUT, OSDI, and FL grade. After the treatment, the effective rate was 91.2% in group A, of which the value of BUT and FL grade was significantly improved (P < 0.001). The effective rate in group B was 67.7%, of which the value of OSDI score and FL grade was significantly improved (P = 0.002). In addition, the BUT value of group A was significantly longer than that of group B (P = 0.009).

CONCLUSION

InTAO patients with dry eye syndrome, vitamin A palmitate gel and sodium hyaluronate eye drop improved the dry eye and promoted corneal epithelial repair. Vitamin A palmitate gel improves the stability of tear film, while sodium hyaluronate eye drop improves patients' subjective discomfort.

Dry Eye Disease and Vitamins: A Narrative Literature Review

Dry eye disease (DED) is a major public health problem worldwide that seriously impairs the quality of life, reduces work productivity, and poses significant economic burden. In DED, tear film instability or hyperosmolarity activates a self-perpetuating vicious cycle that may aggravate ocular surface inflammation and damage. Thus, treatment approaches should focus on interrupting this cycle and ameliorating inflammation. In addition to anti-inflammatory medications, such as corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and lifitegrast, nutrients with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties may also be effective for the treatment of DED. Evidence indicates that vitamin deficiencies may be associated with an increased risk of DED and that vitamin supplementation can be an effective treatment for DED. In the present review, we introduce the results of clinical and experimental studies on the association between vitamin deficiencies and DED. The potential efficacy of systemic and topical supplementation in the treatment of DED is also discussed.