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Waldman EA, Fujita M, Hutzler RU, Ferrari FL, Ayub MA, Pinto PR, Matheus JG, Kim JS, Cury PC. [Occurrence of enterovirus infection in newborn infants admitted to a maternity hospital in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil (1980)]. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1984; 26:7-12. [PMID: 6087438 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46651984000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesquisou-se infecção intestinal por enterovirus em 300 crianças, aparentemente normais, nascidas de parto hospitalar, com a mediana das idades de 2 dias, estudadas antes da alta hospitalar. Essas crianças foram divididas em três grupos de igual número, sendo que o primeiro grupo foi examinado no período que precedeu o 1.º Dia Nacional de Vacinação Contra a Poliomielite, efetuado em 1980, o segundo logo após a realização dessa imunização em massa e o terceiro posteriormente ao 2º Dia Nacional de Vacinação Contra a Poliomielite levado a efeito no mesmo ano. A pesquisa de enterovirus foi feita a partir de uma única amostra de fezes, colhida de cada criança por meio de Swab retal. Obteve-se o isolamento de poliovírus em 13 (4,3%) dos 300 recém-nascidos estudados, sendo que 8 deles pertenciam ao primeiro grupo e os outros 5 ao segundo. Das crianças infectadas, 12 eliminavam poliovírus lei poliovírus 3. Não foram isolados outros enterovirus. Discute-se a possibilidade da infecção por esses poliovírus ter ocorrido por transmissão transplacentária, via canal de parto ou ainda por infecção cruzada no próprio ambiente hospitalar.
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HOFMAN B, WILTERDINK JB. Poliomyelitis antibodies in sera from the Netherlands, Curacao, Suriname, St. Eustatius and Netherlands New-Guinea. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1960; 26:397-406. [PMID: 13715083 DOI: 10.1007/bf02539027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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SIEGEL M, GREENBERG M, BODIAN J. Presence of children in the household as a factor in the incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis in adults. N Engl J Med 1957; 257:958-65. [PMID: 13483868 DOI: 10.1056/nejm195711142572002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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SAMPLE DW, EVANS CA. Estimates of the infection rates for poliomyelitis virus in the years preceding the poliomyelitis epidemics of 1916 in New York and 1945 on Mauritius. J Hyg (Lond) 1957; 55:254-65. [PMID: 13439175 PMCID: PMC2217917 DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400037141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSData concerning numerous severe epidemics of poliomyelitis were surveyed for information useful in estimating the size of the immune component of the population by age groups of 1 year. The New York epidemic of 1916 and the Mauritius epidemic of 1945 were chosen as the most suitable for this purpose. It is shown that there was a regularly progressive decline in attack rates for successively older age groups from 2 to 8 years in New York. The attack rate in 8-year-olds was less than 10 % as large as that in 2-year-olds. It is noted that a difference of this magnitude could be accounted for by immunizing infections amounting to 30 % per year for 6 years.A similar analysis of age specific attack rates during the Mauritius epidemic shows progressive declines of 28, 60, 50 and 53 % for the successive age groups 5–9. An average annual infection rate of 45 % over a 4 year period could account for the ten-fold difference in infection rates between 5-year-olds and 9-year-olds.An immunizing infection rate of 30 % a year would lead to a pattern of immunity in which the seven youngest age groups had a total susceptible component of 30 % at the beginning of a ‘ poliomyelitis season’. Twenty per cent would remain susceptible at the end of the season when spread of virus terminated.An annual immunizing infection rate of 45 % would bring about a situation in which 21 % of the five youngest age groups were susceptible at the start of a period of viral prevalence and 12 % at the end. Alternatively, one could consider that on Mauritius there may have been a continuous prevalence of virus in a population in which approximately 15 % of the five youngest age groups were susceptible at any time.It is suggested that the essentially similar attack rates among children 3–5 years old on Mauritius may have reflected a 3-year period during which homotypic virus was not prevalent, in contrast to its great prevalence during the years prior to that time.A more detailed discussion and analysis of additional data concerning age-specific attack rates in poliomyelitis will be found in the thesis submitted by Dr Sample to the University of Washington School of Medicine entitled, ‘Some observations on statistical and theoretical epidemiology of infectious diseases, principally poliomyelitis’, in 1955. This is obtainable by Inter-library Loan from the Health Sciences Library, University of Washington, Seattle.We wish to express our sincere thanks to Dr Blair M. Bennett and Dr William E. Reynolds of the University of Washington for their advice on the statistical and epidemiologic aspects of this study.
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Roemer GB, Jacob W, Trüb CLP. Die Entwicklung der Poliomyelitis in Nordrhein-Westfalen während der letzten 10 Jahre unter Berücksichtigung einiger exogener Faktoren. Med Microbiol Immunol 1957. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02149961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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GELFAND HM, FOX JP, LEBLANC DR. Observations on natural poliovirus infections in immunized children. Am J Public Health Nations Health 1957; 47:421-31. [PMID: 13411317 PMCID: PMC1551137 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.47.4_pt_1.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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CORNFIELD J, HALPERIN M, MOORE F. Some statistical aspects of safety testing the Salk poliomyelitis vaccine. PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS (WASHINGTON, D.C. : 1896) 1956; 71:1045-56. [PMID: 13370807 PMCID: PMC2031000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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