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Zhao J, Liang G, Huang H, Hong K, Pan J, Yang W, Liu J, Zeng L. Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Significantly Improved Visualization and Shortened the Operation Time in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Level I and II Studies. Arthroscopy 2024; 40:592-601. [PMID: 37423470 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2023.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To further clarify the role of tranexamic acid (TXA) in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR), especially visual field clarity and operation time. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to find prospective randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) examining the use of TXA in ARCR. All included RCTs were evaluated for methodological quality using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. We used Review Manager 5.3 for meta-analysis and calculated the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the related outcome indicators. The GRADE system was used to evaluate the strength of the clinical evidence provided by the included studies. RESULTS Six RCTs (3 Level I, 3 Level II) from four countries or regions were included in this study: 2 studies used intra-articular (IA) TXA, and 4 studies used intravenous TXA. A total of 451 patients underwent ARCR, including 227 patients in the TXA group and 224 patients in the non-TXA group. In 2 RCTs evaluating good visualization, intravenous TXA achieved a better surgical field of view in ARCR compared to the control group (P =.036; P = .045). Meta-analysis showed that compared with non-TXA, intravenous TXA shortened the operation time (WMD = -12.87 min, 95% CI: -18.81 to -6.93). These two RCTs did not reveal a statistically significant difference in the impact of intravenous TXA and non-TXA on mean arterial pressure (MAP) (P = .306; P = .549). Compared with epinephrine (EPN), IA TXA had no significant effects on improving the visual field clarity under arthroscopy, shortening the operation time or reducing the total amount of irrigation fluid (P > .05). Compared with saline irrigation, IA TXA improved the surgical field of vision and shortened the operation time (P < .001). No adverse events were reported for either intravenous TXA or IA TXA. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous TXA can shorten the operation time of ARCR, and the conclusions of existing RCTs suggest that intravenous TXA can improve visual field clarity during ARCR, thus supporting the application of intravenous TXA in ARCR. Compared with EPN, IA TXA was not better at improving the visual field clarity under arthroscopy and shortening the operation time, but it was better than saline irrigation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, systematic review and meta-analysis of Level I and II studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Zhao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China; The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihong Liang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China; The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hetao Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunhao Hong
- The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Second Chinese Medicine Hospital (Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianke Pan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyi Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Second Chinese Medicine Hospital (Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingfeng Zeng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China; The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Yang YZ, Cheng QH, Zhang AR, Yang X, Zhang ZZ, Guo HZ. Efficacy and safety of single- and double-dose intravenous tranexamic acid in hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:593. [PMID: 37563702 PMCID: PMC10413625 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the increasing prevalence of osteoarthritis of the hip and knee, total joint replacement, the end-stage treatment, provides pain relief and restoration of function, but is often associated with massive blood loss. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been reported to reduce perioperative blood loss in hip or knee arthroplasty. However, the optimal dose of TXA administration remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis combining data from 5 trials comparing the efficacy and safety of one fixed dose of 1 g intravenously administered TXA with two doses of 1 g each administered intravenously for hip or knee arthroplasty. METHODS PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library were searched from January 2000 to February 2023. Our meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing the efficacy and safety of different doses of intravenous TXA (IV-TXA) for THA or TKA. The observation endpoints included total blood loss, postoperative hemoglobin drop, blood transfusion rate, length of hospital stay, incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE). Meta-analysis was performed according to Cochrane's guidelines and PRISMA statement. The Danish RevMan5.3 software was used for data merging. RESULTS Five cohort studies involving 5542 patients met the inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis showed that the two groups were significantly higher in total blood loss (mean difference (MD) = - 65.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) [- 131.46, 0.26], P = 0.05); blood transfusion rate (risk difference (RD) = 0.00, 95% CI [- 0.01, 0.02], P = 0.55); postoperative hemoglobin (MD = 0.02, 95% CI [- 0.09, 0.13], P = 0.31); postoperative hospital stay days (MD = - 0.13), 95% CI [- 0.35, 0.09], P = 0.25); DVT (RD = 0.00, 95% CI [- 0.00, 0.01], P = 0.67); PE (RD = 0.00, 95% CI [- 0.01, 0.00], P = 0.79). There was some inherent heterogeneity due to variance in sample size across each major study. CONCLUSION 1 dose of 1 g and 2 doses of 1 g IV-TXA each time have similar effects on reducing blood loss, blood transfusion rate, postoperative hemoglobin level, and postoperative hospital stay after TKA or THA, without increasing the risk of postoperative complications risk. For patients at high risk of thromboembolic events, one dose of 1 g TXA throughout surgery may be preferred. However, higher-quality RCT is needed to explore the optimal protocol dose to recommend the widespread use of TXA in total joint arthroplasty. Trial registration We conducted literature selection, eligibility criteria evaluation, data extraction and analysis on the research program registered in Prospero (CRD42023405387) on March 16, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ze Yang
- First Clinical Medical College of Gansu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- People's Hospital of Gansu Province, 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qing-Hao Cheng
- People's Hospital of Gansu Province, 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - An-Ren Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College of Gansu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- People's Hospital of Gansu Province, 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xin Yang
- First Clinical Medical College of Gansu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- People's Hospital of Gansu Province, 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhuang-Zhuang Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College of Gansu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- People's Hospital of Gansu Province, 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong-Zhang Guo
- People's Hospital of Gansu Province, 204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Artificial neural networks for the prediction of transfusion rates in primary total hip arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2023; 143:1643-1650. [PMID: 35195782 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-022-04391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advancements in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and the increased utilization of tranexamic acid, acute blood loss anemia necessitating allogeneic blood transfusion persists as a post-operative complication. The prevalence of allogeneic blood transfusion in primary THA has been reported to be as high as 9%. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate novel machine learning models for the prediction of transfusion rates following primary total hip arthroplasty. METHODS A total of 7265 consecutive patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty were evaluated using a single tertiary referral institution database. Patient charts were manually reviewed to identify patient demographics and surgical variables that may be associated with transfusion rates. Four state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms were developed to predict transfusion rates following primary THA, and these models were assessed by discrimination, calibration, and decision curve analysis. RESULTS The factors most significantly associated with transfusion rates include tranexamic acid usage, bleeding disorders, and pre-operative hematocrit (< 33%). The four machine learning models all achieved excellent performance across discrimination (AUC > 0.78), calibration, and decision curve analysis. CONCLUSION This study developed machine learning models for the prediction of patient-specific transfusion rates following primary total hip arthroplasty. The results represent a novel application of machine learning, and has the potential to improve outcomes and pre-operative planning. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, case-control retrospective analysis.
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Hanreich C, Cushner F, Krell E, Gausden E, Cororaton A, Gonzalez Della Valle A, Boettner F. Blood Management Following Total Joint Arthroplasty in an Aging Population: Can We Do Better? J Arthroplasty 2022; 37:642-651. [PMID: 34920121 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the transfusion rates for octogenarians and nonagenarians following total knee and hip arthroplasty (TKA, THA), we compared transfusion rates and associated risk factors among sexagenarians, septuagenarians, octogenarians, and nonagenarians. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 13,603 sexagenarians, 9796 septuagenarians, 2706 octogenarians, and 158 nonagenarians that received a primary, unilateral THA or TKA between 2016 and 2020 at a high-volume institution. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, the study analyzed risk factors for postoperative transfusions including use of tranexamic acid (TXA) and compared preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (Hgb) levels and the drop in Hgb. RESULTS Nonagenarians had significantly higher transfusion rates (THA 25.5%, TKA 26.7%) than octogenarians (THA 9.9%, TKA 9.2%), septuagenarians (THA 3.3%, TKA 4.5%), and sexagenarians (THA 1.9%, TKA 2.9%) (P < .01). Significant risk factors for transfusion requirement following THA were American Society of Anesthesiologists level III (odds ratio [OR] 5.3, P < .01) and American Society of Anesthesiologists level IV (OR 8.0, P = .01), nonuse of TXA (intravenous: OR 0.3, P < .01; topical: OR 0.5, P < .01), lower preoperative Hgb levels (OR 0.4, P < .01), longer duration of surgery (OR 1.0, P < .01), and hepatopathy (OR 3.1, P < .01). Significant risk factors following TKA were nonuse of TXA (intravenous: OR 0.3, P < .01; topical: OR 0.5, P < .01; combined: OR 0.2, P < .01), lower preoperative Hgb levels (OR 0.4, P < .01), and longer surgery time (OR 1.0, P < .01). CONCLUSION The strongest independent risk factors for increased transfusion rates among octogenarians and nonagenarians were lack of TXA application and lower preoperative Hgb levels. Routine TXA application and preoperative patient optimization are recommended to reduce transfusion rates in patients aged 80+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Hanreich
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Fred Cushner
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Ethan Krell
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Elizabeth Gausden
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Agnes Cororaton
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY; Biostatistics Core, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | | | - Friedrich Boettner
- Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
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Sun C, Zhang X, Ma Q, Tu Y, Cai X, Zhou Y. Impact of tourniquet during total knee arthroplasty when tranexamic acid was used: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:18. [PMID: 35033124 PMCID: PMC8760757 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The efficacy of tourniquet use during primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is thought to reduce intraoperative blood loss, improve surgical exposure, and optimize cement fixation. Tranexamic acid (TXA) use can decrease postsurgical blood loss and transfusion requirements. This review aimed to appraise the effects of tourniquet use in TKA for patients with tranexamic acid use. Methods A meta-analysis was conducted to identify relevant randomized controlled trials involving TXA plus a tourniquet (TXA-T group) and use of TXA plus no tourniquet (TXA-NT group) in TKA. Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Cochrane Library, Highwire, CNKI, and Wanfang database were searched from 2010 through October 2021. Results We identified 1720 TKAs (1690 patients) assessed in 14 randomized controlled trials. Compared with the TXA-NT group, the TXA-T group resulted in less intra-operative blood loss (P < 0.00001) and decreased duration of surgery (P < 0.00001), however more hidden blood loss (P = 0.0004) and less knee range of motion (P < 0.00001). No significant differences were found between two groups in terms of decrease in hemoglobin (P = 0.84), total blood loss (P = 0.79), transfusion rate (P = 0.18), drainage volume (P = 0.06), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at either the day of surgery (P = 0.2), 1 day (P = 0.25), 2 day (P = 0.39), 3 day (P = 0.21), 5 day (P = 0.21), 7 day (P = 0.06) or 1 month after surgery (P = 0.16), Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score at either 7 day (P = 0.10), 1 month (P = 0.08), 3 month (P = 0.22) or 6 month after the surgery (P = 0.92), Knee circumference (P = 0.28), length of hospital (P = 0.12), and complications such as intramuscular venous thrombosis (P = 0.81), deep venous thrombosis (P = 0.10), superficial infection (P = 0.45), deep wound infection (P = 0.64), and delayed wound healing (P = 0.65). Conclusion No big differences could be found by using or not tourniquet when use the TXA, though some benefits are related to operation time and less intra-operative blood loss by using tourniquet and TXA, Using the tourniquet was related to more hidden blood loss and less knee range of motion. More adequately powered and better-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiao Sun
- Department of Orthopedic, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Dongxiaokou Town, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, No.1 68 Litang Road, Dongxiaokou Town, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Qi Ma
- Department of Orthopedic, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Dongxiaokou Town, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Yan Tu
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine,, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Dongxiaokou Town, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Xu Cai
- Department of Orthopedic, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Dongxiaokou Town, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, China.
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Chen L, Zhao C, Luo Y, Wang Q, Li Q, Kang P. Different Doses of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study. J Knee Surg 2021; 36:652-657. [PMID: 34952545 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article assessed the efficacy and safety of different doses of intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) in revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS We retrospectively identified 122 patients in our institution who underwent revision TKA with a history of perioperative intravenous TXA utilization. According to the sum of intravenous TXA documented, all patients were divided into three groups: 1 g intravenous TXA, 2 g intravenous TXA, and equal or greater than 3 g intravenous TXA. The primary outcomes included total blood loss (TBL), hidden blood loss (HBL), transfusion rate, and the incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism among the three groups. A correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between the dose of TXA and the blood loss. RESULTS In total, there was no significance difference in TBL and revised HBL (rHBL) between the first two groups (1 g/dL for intravenous TXA, 2 g/dL for intravenous TXA; p = 0.486; p = 0.525). Equal or greater than 3 g intravenous TXA (≥3 g/dL for intravenous TXA) reached a significant reduction in TBL, rHBL, and length of stay compared with the first two groups (p = 0.01; p = 0.01; p = 0.01). The rate of transfusion between the three groups did not differ significantly (p = 0.21). Due to the limitations in sample size, only one symptomatic venous thromboembolism was reported in the 1 g intravenous TXA group. CONCLUSION Applying the dose of intravenous TXA equal or greater than 3 g in revision TKA might further reduce the blood loss and shorten the length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyile Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Luo
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuru Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianhao Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengde Kang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Owen AR, Tibbo ME, van Wijnen AJ, Pagnano MW, Berry DJ, Abdel MP. Acquired Idiopathic Stiffness After Contemporary Total Knee Arthroplasty: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Results Over 25 Years. J Arthroplasty 2021; 36:2980-2985. [PMID: 33879331 PMCID: PMC8292170 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2021.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired idiopathic stiffness (AIS) remains a common failure mode of contemporary total knee arthroplasties (TKAs). The present study investigated the incidence of AIS and manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) at a single institution over time, determined outcomes of MUAs, and identified risk factors associated with AIS and MUA. METHODS We identified 9771 patients (12,735 knees) who underwent primary TKAs with cemented, modular metal-backed, posterior-stabilized implants from 2000 to 2016 using our institutional total joint registry. Mean age was 68 years, 57% were female, and mean body mass index was 33 kg/m2. Demographic, surgical, and comorbidity data were investigated via univariate Cox proportional hazard models and fit to an adjusted multivariate model to access risk for AIS and MUA. Mean follow-up was 7 years. RESULTS During the study period, 456 knees (3.6%) developed AIS and 336 knees (2.6%) underwent MUA. Range of motion (ROM) increased a mean of 34° after the MUA; however, ROM for patients treated with MUA was inferior to patients without AIS at final follow-up (102° vs 116°, P < .0001). Significant risk factors included younger age (HR 2.3, P < .001), increased tourniquet time (HR 1.01, P < .001), general anesthesia (HR 1.3, P = .007), and diabetes (HR 1.5, P = .001). CONCLUSION Acquired idiopathic stiffness has continued to have an important adverse impact on the outcomes of a subset of patients undergoing primary TKAs. When utilized, MUA improved mean ROM by 34°, but patients treated with MUA still had decreased ROM compared to patients without AIS. Importantly, we identified several significant risk factors associated with AIS and subsequent MUA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, retrospective comparative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R. Owen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Meagan E. Tibbo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Mark W. Pagnano
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Daniel J. Berry
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Matthew P. Abdel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905,Corresponding author and requests for reprints author (Matthew P. Abdel, M.D.):
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Saad BN, Menken LG, Elkattaway S, Liporace FA, Yoon RS. Tranexamic acid lowers transfusion requirements and hospital length of stay following revision total hip or knee arthroplasty. Patient Saf Surg 2021; 15:21. [PMID: 33975621 PMCID: PMC8111901 DOI: 10.1186/s13037-021-00295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud Intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to reduce blood loss in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty without systemic complications. There is limited evidence of its effectiveness in revision procedures. This study evaluated intravenous TXA effect on blood loss, transfusion rates, and length of hospital stay in revision joint replacement. Methods One-hundred revision total joint arthroplasty patients were retrospectively reviewed [44 revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 54 revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA)] who underwent surgery from 2013 to 2016. Fifty-four revision joint patients (23 THA and 31 TKA) received intravenous TXA intra-operatively, while 46 revision joint patients (23 THA/TKA) did not. Primary outcome measures were blood loss, transfusion rates, and length of hospital stay. Results The mean blood loss difference between revision THA patients who received TXA vs. not receiving TXA was 180ml in revision THA patients (p < .005). Mean length of hospital stay was 6 days in non-TXA vs. 3 days in TXA patients (p < .001). Eighteen patients received transfusions in the non-TXA revision TKA group compared to nine patients in the TXA revision TKA group (p < .001). Average length of hospital stay was 5 days in the non-TXA revision TKA group compared to 3 days in the TXA revision TKA group (p < .003). There was no increased risk of thromboembolic complications in TXA groups for either procedure. Conclusions Intravenous TXA reduced length of hospital stay in both revision cohorts, decreased blood loss in revision THA and decreased the rate of transfusion in revision TKA without an increase in thromboembolic complications. Level of Evidence Level III (Case-control study)
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishoy N Saad
- Divison of Orthopaedic Trauma & Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, City Medical Center-RWJBarnabas Health, 377 Jersey Ave, Suite 280A, NJ, 07302, Jersey City, USA
| | - Luke G Menken
- Divison of Orthopaedic Trauma & Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, City Medical Center-RWJBarnabas Health, 377 Jersey Ave, Suite 280A, NJ, 07302, Jersey City, USA
| | - Sherif Elkattaway
- Divison of Orthopaedic Trauma & Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, City Medical Center-RWJBarnabas Health, 377 Jersey Ave, Suite 280A, NJ, 07302, Jersey City, USA
| | - Frank A Liporace
- Divison of Orthopaedic Trauma & Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, City Medical Center-RWJBarnabas Health, 377 Jersey Ave, Suite 280A, NJ, 07302, Jersey City, USA
| | - Richard S Yoon
- Divison of Orthopaedic Trauma & Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, City Medical Center-RWJBarnabas Health, 377 Jersey Ave, Suite 280A, NJ, 07302, Jersey City, USA.
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Petersen PB, Lindberg-Larsen M, Jørgensen CC, Kehlet H. Venous thromboembolism after fast-track elective revision hip and knee arthroplasty - A multicentre cohort study of 2814 unselected consecutive procedures. Thromb Res 2021; 199:101-105. [PMID: 33485092 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis is much debated within total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA). Revision hip and knee arthroplasty (rTHA/rTKA) are more extensive procedures, but data on the risk of postoperative VTE is conflicting and there are no specific guidelines for thromboprophylaxis. Furthermore, data on rTHA/rTKA within a fast-track protocol is sparse. Thus, we aimed at evaluating the incidence and time course of VTE in unselected elective rTHA/rTKA within our established multicentre fast-track collaboration with in-hospital only thromboprophylaxis if length of stay (LOS) ≤ 5 days. METHODS We used an observational study design of unselected consecutive fast-track elective major component rTHA/rTKA from 6 dedicated fast-track centres between 2010 and 2018. We obtained information on revisions through Danish hip and knee arthroplasty registers and complete (>99%) 90 days follow-up through the Danish National Patient Registry in combination with chart review. RESULTS We included 2814 procedures with median LOS 3 days [2-5] and 21% had LOS >5 days. The 90-day incidence of VTE was 0.42% (n = 12), with 8 (0.28%) DVT and 4 (0.14%) PE, after median 14 days [IQR: 11-23] with the latest on day 31. CONCLUSION The 90-day incidence of VTE after elective fast-track rTHA and rTKA was about 0.4% which is comparable to the 90-day VTE incidence after primary fast-track THA, TKA and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Future investigations should focus on identification of high-risk patients while the surgical trauma per se may be less important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Lindberg-Larsen
- Orthopaedic Research Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Arthroplasty, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Calov Jørgensen
- Section for Surgical Pathophysiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Arthroplasty, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Kehlet
- Section for Surgical Pathophysiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Arthroplasty, Copenhagen, Denmark
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