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Sikes DS, Thayer MK, Newton AF. Large carrion and burying beetles evolved from Staphylinidae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Silphinae): a review of the evidence. Zookeys 2024; 1200:159-182. [PMID: 38756344 PMCID: PMC11096728 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1200.122835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Large carrion beetles (Silphidae) are the focus of ongoing behavioral ecology, forensic, ecological, conservation, evolutionary, systematic, and other research, and were recently reclassified as a subfamily of Staphylinidae. Twenty-three analyses in 21 publications spanning the years 1927-2023 that are relevant to the question of the evolutionary origin and taxonomic classification of Silphidae are reviewed. Most of these analyses (20) found Silphidae nested inside Staphylinidae (an average of 4.38 branches deep), two found Silphidae in an ambiguous position, and one found Silphidae outside Staphylinidae, as sister to Hydrophilidae. There is strong evidence supporting the hypothesis that large carrion beetles evolved from within Staphylinidae and good justification for their classification as the subfamily Silphinae of the megadiverse, and apparently now monophyletic, Staphylinidae. Considerable uncertainty remains regarding the interrelationships and monophyly of many staphylinid subfamilies. Nonetheless, the subfamily Tachyporinae was found to be the sister of Silphinae in more analyses (7) than any other subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S. Sikes
- University of Alaska Museum / Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1962 Yukon Dr., Fairbanks, Alaska, USAUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksUnited States of America
| | - Margaret K. Thayer
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South DuSable Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois, USANegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoUnited States of America
| | - Alfred F. Newton
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South DuSable Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois, USANegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoUnited States of America
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Song N, Zhai Q, Zhang Y. Higher-level phylogenetic relationships of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) inferred from mitochondrial genome sequences. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2021; 32:98-105. [PMID: 33570440 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2021.1882444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Rove beetles (Staphylinidae) and allied families constitute a huge radiation of Coleoptera, but basal relationships in this group remain controversial. In this study, we newly sequenced eight mitogenomes of representatives of Staphylinidae by using next-generation sequencing method. Together with 99 existing mitogenomes of Staphyliniformia, (sub)family relationships were investigated with ML and Bayesian searches under various substitution models and data recoding schemes. The results consistently supported Scydmaenidae and Silphidae to be subordinate groups of Staphylinidae. Within the monophyletic Staphylinidae (including Scydmaenidae and Silphidae), the hypothesis of four major subfamily groups cannot be confirmed. Bayesian inferences under the site-heterogeneous mixture model generally supported the basal position of major clades corresponding to the Omaliine group. At the subfamily level, the monophyly of Pselaphinae, Oxytelinae, Scaphidiinae, Steninae and Staphylininae was supported. However, the subfamilies Omaliinae, Tachyporinae, Aleocharinae and Paederinae were each non-monophyletic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Song
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhai
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
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Lü L, Cai CY, Zhang X, Newton AF, Thayer MK, Zhou HZ. Linking evolutionary mode to palaeoclimate change reveals rapid radiations of staphylinoid beetles in low-energy conditions. Curr Zool 2020; 66:435-444. [PMID: 32617092 PMCID: PMC7319441 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylinoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) is one of the most species-rich groups in animals, but its huge diversity can hardly be explained by the popular hypothesis (co-radiation with angiosperms) that applies to phytophagous beetles. We estimated the evolutionary mode of staphylinoid beetles and investigated the relationship between the evolutionary mode and palaeoclimate change, and thus the factors underlying the current biodiversity pattern of staphylinoid beetles. Our results demonstrate that staphylinoid beetles originated at around the Triassic-Jurassic bound and the current higher level clades underwent rapid evolution (indicated by increased diversification rate and decreased body size disparity) in the Jurassic and in the Cenozoic, both with low-energy climate, and they evolved much slower during the Cretaceous with high-energy climate. Climate factors, especially low O2 and high CO2, promoted the diversification rate and among-clade body size disparification in the Jurassic. In the Cenozoic, however, climate factors had negative associations with diversification rate but little with body size disparification. Our present study does not support the explosion of staphylinoid beetles as a direct outcome of the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution (KTR). We suppose that occupying and diversifying in refuge niches associated with litter may elucidate rapid radiations of staphylinoid beetles in low-energy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Lü
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, No.20 Road East. 2nd Ring South, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen-Yang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, and Centre for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Alfred F Newton
- Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - Margaret K Thayer
- Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hong-Zhang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
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Jenkins Shaw J, Wang B, Bai M, Żyła D. The Oldest Representative of the Rove Beetle Tribe Pinophilini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae), from Upper Cretaceous Burmese Amber. INSECTS 2020; 11:E174. [PMID: 32164245 PMCID: PMC7142758 DOI: 10.3390/insects11030174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The recently reviewed subtribe Procirrina comprises eight extant genera with a predominately (sub)tropical distribution. Previous phylogenies consistently recover the tribe Pinophilini of the subfamily Paederinae monophyletic. No fossils of the tribe have been described, although compression fossils are known from the Cenozoic Green River Formation (50.3-46.2 Ma) as well as inclusions from the Miocene Dominican (20.43-13.65 Ma) and Mexican (20-15 Ma) ambers. Here we describe †Cretoprocirrus trichotos Jenkins Shaw and Żyła gen. et sp. n., the oldest fossil representative of the tribe Pinophilini, from Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber (ca. 99 Ma). Phylogenetic analyses of morphological data allow its unambiguous placement in the subtribe Procirrina. †Cretoprocirrus trichotos is the second genus of Paederinae described from Burmese amber and provides an important insight into the evolution of the subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Jenkins Shaw
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China;
| | - Ming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Dagmara Żyła
- Iowa State University, Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Organismal Biology, 2200 Osborn Dr., Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
- University of Gdańsk, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Song JH, Ahn KJ. Species trees, temporal divergence and historical biogeography of coastal rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) reveal their early Miocene origin and show that most divergence events occurred in the early Pliocene along the Pacific coasts. Cladistics 2017; 34:313-332. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Song
- Department of Biology; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 South Korea
| | - Kee-Jeong Ahn
- Department of Biology; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 South Korea
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Schomann AM, Solodovnikov A. Phylogenetic placement of the austral rove beetle genus
Hyperomma
triggers changes in classification of Paederinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). ZOOL SCR 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M. Schomann
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Adelaide Darling Building, North Terrace Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
- Biosystematics University of Copenhagen Natural History Museum of Denmark Universitetsparken 15 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Alexey Solodovnikov
- Biosystematics University of Copenhagen Natural History Museum of Denmark Universitetsparken 15 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
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Zhang X, Wang H, Cui J, Jiang P, Lin ML, Zhang YL, Liu RD, Wang ZQ. The phylogenetic diversity of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei isolates from southwest China revealed by multi genes. Acta Trop 2016; 156:108-14. [PMID: 26774686 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The larval plerocercoid of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei can parasitize humans, causing a serious food borne parasitic zoonosis known as sparganosis. Sparganosis have increased in China in recent years. In this study, the prevalence of sparganum infection in wild frogs in 9 geographical areas in southwest China was firstly investigated. Of 276 caught frogs, 55 frogs were found to be infected with sparganum. Then, the population genetic structure of these sparganum isolates was explored based on four molecular markers (cytb, cox1, rrnS and 28S rDNA D1). Highly genetic diversity and the genetic differentiation among sparganum isolates from different sites were revealed in the DNA polymorphism analyses. Both the phylogenetic inference and the analysis of the median-joining network supported two clades in the southwest S. erinaceieuropaei population. However, none demographic population expansion of the southwest S. erinaceieuropaei population was observed in the neutrality test, mismatch distribution analysis and Bayesian skyline plot analysis. Finally, the phylogenetic diversity of S. erinaceieuropaei from eastern, central, southern and southwest China was analyzed, the result suggested that Chinese S. erinaceieuropaei population should be divided into two groups (Group I and Group II), and they started to divergence in the middle Pliocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Mei Long Lin
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yun Lu Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ruo Dan Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhong Quan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Zhang X, Wang H, Cui J, Jiang P, Fu GM, Zhong K, Zhang ZF, Wang ZQ. Characterisation of the relationship between Spirometra erinaceieuropaei and Diphyllobothrium species using complete cytb and cox1 genes. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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