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Kemmei T, Yudo A, Kodama S, Yamamoto A, Inoue Y, Kagaya S, Hayakawa K. Separation of inorganic anions on reversed-phase C18 columns with a phosphomolybdate mobile phase. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1722:464843. [PMID: 38574599 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is the most widely used chromatographic method. In addition to hydrophobic interactions, additional interactions such as electrostatic interactions may participate in the retention behaviour of an analyte. This makes it possible to use RP-HPLC for many types of analyte. We describe a simple method for separating inorganic anions on a C18 column, in which retention of inorganic anions is almost entirely due to electrostatic interactions. This leads to rapid separations as well as higher theoretical plate numbers. We used 2 mM phosphoric acid containing a low concentration of disodium molybdate as the mobile phase, which allows UV detection of non-UV-absorbing anions. With this method, we determined eight inorganic anions including several non-UV-absorbing anions photometrically at 220 nm. The detection limits of the examined eight inorganic anions calculated at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 were between 0.3 and 10 μM. The detector response was linear over three orders of magnitude of inorganic anion concentration. The proposed RP-HPLC/UV method was successfully applied to determine inorganic anions in some water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kemmei
- Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, Imizu 939-0363, Japan; Department of Environmental Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
| | - Azusa Yudo
- Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikoyama, Imizu 939-0363, Japan; Department of Environmental Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Shuji Kodama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka 259-1292, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamamoto
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Inoue
- Department of Environmental Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Kagaya
- Department of Environmental Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Hayakawa
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, O24 Wakemachi, Nomi 923-1224, Japan
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Vezse P, Gede M, Golcs Á, Huszthy P, Tóth T. Synthetic Modifications of a Pb 2+-Sensor Acridono-Crown Ether for Covalent Attachment and Their Effects on Selectivity. Molecules 2024; 29:1121. [PMID: 38474633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Because of environmental impact, there is a great need for chemosensors, especially for toxic heavy metals such as lead. The conventional instrumental analytical techniques rarely provide an available real-time sensing platform, thus the development of highly selective and stable synthetic chemosensor molecules is of great importance. Acridono-18-crown-6 ethers have such properties, and much research has proven their outstanding applicability in various supramolecular devices. In this present work, we aimed to enable their covalent immobilization capability by synthesizing functionalized derivatives while preserving the favored molecular recognition ability. Several new macrocycle analogues were synthesized, while synthetization difficulties and design aspects were also dealt with. The selectivity of the macrocycle analogues was studied using UV-Vis spectroscopy and compared with that of the parent compounds. The ultimate crown ether derivative showed high Pb2+-selectivity, reversibility (decomplexation by extraction with water) and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panna Vezse
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért Sq. 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martin Gede
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért Sq. 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ádám Golcs
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért Sq. 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre Str. 9, H-1092 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Huszthy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért Sq. 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Tóth
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért Sq. 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós Str. 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
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El-Nouby MAM, Lim LW. Mixed-mode chromatographic performance using nicotinic acid-functionalized chito-oligosaccharide-bonded Ti/Si hybrid monolithic capillary columns. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:2019-2029. [PMID: 37672170 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the fabrication of porous nicotinic acid-functionalized chito-oligosaccharide-bonded titania/silica hybrid monoliths (TiO2/SiO2@ChO-N) through a co-gelation sol-gel process. A capillary monolith with a well-defined and homogeneous structure was obtained by controlling the hydrolysis speed of titanium alkoxides in a sol mixture by using glycerol and acetylacetone. As a result of the functionalization with chito-oligosaccharides (ChO)-modified nicotinic acid, the obtained stationary phase provides superior physiochemical properties, such as a cationic hydrophilic surface, porosity, and mechanical strength. Scanning electron microscope and attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the functionalized monolithic columns. The produced capillary columns showed high chromatographic performance with acceptable selectivity for charged analytes as well as organic polar compounds such as nucleic bases, nucleosides, carbamate pesticides, and strobilurin fungicides. The obtained results also indicated that the functionalized ChO's amino, amide, hydroxyl, and pyridinium ring moieties served as hydrophilic electrostatic traps for charged substances, in addition to stroing π-π interaction with the carbamate pesticides and strobilurin fungicides analytes via hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A M El-Nouby
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Lee Wah Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- Department of Life Science and Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- International Joint Department of Materials Science and Engineering Between National University of Malaysia and Gifu University, Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
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Mass-spectrometric determination of iodine-129 using O 2-CO 2 mixed-gas reaction in inductively coupled plasma tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:1371-1376. [PMID: 36098935 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00180-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a mass-spectrometric method for determining the radionuclide iodine-129 (129I) from the significant amount of interference in inductively coupled plasma tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) using a dynamic reaction cell passing a mixture gas of O2 and CO2. Thus far, mass spectrometry analysis of trace amounts of 129I has been hampered by the presence of xenon-129 (129Xe) and the formation of polyatomic ions from excess amounts of stable isotope 127I. In this study, flowing a mixture gas of O2 and CO2 into the dynamic reaction cell (Q2) successfully removed both 129Xe interference and polyatomic interference (127IH2) in the analysis of 129I in ICP-MS/MS. The resulting ratio of (background noise of m/z 129)/127I was 4.6 × 10-10 ± 3.3 × 10-10, which enables the analysis of 10 mBq/L of 129I in the presence of 100 mg/L of stable 127I without chemical separation. The detection limit of this method was 0.73 mBq/L (= 0.11 ng/L) with an APEX-Q sample inlet desolvation device. For demonstration purposes, spike and recovery analysis of rainwater was performed, and good agreement between the spiked and recovered amounts was achieved.
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Rong L, Lim LW, Takeuchi T. Poly(ethylene glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylate-bonded Stationary Phase in Ion Chromatography and Its Application to Seawater Samples. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1003-1006. [PMID: 33310989 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A fast and simple ion chromatographic method for the determination of iodide in seawater is reported using poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-bonded stationary phase. Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate was reacted with primary amino groups of aminopropylsilica in N,N-dimethylformamide at 80°C. The prepared stationary phases were evaluated by analyzing several inorganic anions and the retention behavior was observed. Various chromatographic parameters were optimized for the separation of these anions. Although there were no ion-exchange sites on the resulted stationary phases, the results obtained suggested that an ion-exchange mechanism was involved in the retention of analyte anions. With 0.15 μL injection, the limit of quantitation of iodide was 26 μg L-1 when 200 mM NaCl was selected as the eluent. This stationary phase was applied to the analysis of direct and fast determination of iodide in real seawater samples successfully with the recovery rates of 98.1 and 104.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Rong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
| | - Lee Wah Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
| | - Toyohide Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
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