Electropolymerization of Azure A and pH Sensing Using Poly(azure A)-modified Electrodes

Electrochemical detection of the neurotransmitter glutamate and the effect of the psychotropic drug riluzole on its oxidation response

Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and plays a leading role in degenerative diseases, such as motor neuron diseases. Riluzole is a glutamate regulator and a therapeutic drug for motor neuron diseases. In this work, the interaction between glutamate and riluzole was studied using cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). It was shown that glutamate underwent a two-electron transfer reaction on the GCE surface, and the electrochemical detection limits of glutamate and riluzole were 483 μmol/L and 11.47 μmol/L, respectively. The results confirm that riluzole can promote the redox reaction of glutamate. This work highlights the significance of electrochemical technology in the sensing detection of the interaction between glutamate and related psychotropic drugs.

Electrochemical DNA sensors for drug determination

In this review, recent achievements in the development of the DNA biosensors developed for the drug determination have been presented with particular emphasis to the main principles of their assembling and signal measurement approaches. The design of the DNA sensors is considered with characterization of auxiliary components and their necessity for the biosensor operation. Carbon nanomaterials, metals and their complexes as well as electropolymerized polymers are briefly described in the assembly of DNA sensors. The performance of the DNA sensors is summarized within 2017-2022 for various drugs and factors influencing the sensitivity and selectivity of the response are discussed. Special attention is paid to the mechanism of the signal generation and possible drawbacks in the analysis of real samples.