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Dai Z, Jiang D, Dai Y, Ge D, Fu Q, Jin Y, Liang X. Isolation of achiral aliphatic acid derivatives from Piper kadsura using preparative two-dimensional chiral supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1188:123079. [PMID: 34906822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.123079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The separation of structural analogues in natural products has always been one of the challenges in separation science, where supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) with chiral stationary phases (CSPs) is an unconventional but potential solution. In this study, a preparative two-dimensional chiral SFC (2D cSFC) method that was established with two kinds of CSPs was applied in the isolation of the aliphatic acid derivatives in Piper kadsura (P. kadsura). The RPLC unseparated peaks of two samples A and B of P. kadsura were evenly scattered on the CSP-1 column while they clustered into two groups on the CSP-2 column by SFC. There was impressively complementary selectivity between CSP-1 and CSP-2, which were used for construction of 2D cSFC. The first dimension (1D) separation with CSP-1 fractionated the sample A into six parts by a heart-cutting method and the sample B into nine parts for a comprehensive 2D analysis; then 29 and 71 peaks were respectively found in these parts in the second dimension (2D) separation with CSP-2. Further through 2D preparative separation, 19 high purity components were obtained, and the chemical structures of two of them were confirmed, including a novel unsaturated aliphatic acid compound (8Z,10Z)-12-methoxyheptadeca-8,10-dienoic acid and a known octadecadienoic acid lactone Lactariolide. The 2D cSFC method presented the superiority of separating the achiral compounds of complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoshun Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Dasen Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yingping Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Dandan Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Qing Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yu Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Key Lab of Natural Medicine, Liaoning Province, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, PR China
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On-line supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography (SFE-SFC) at a glance: A coupling story. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Burlet-Parendel M, Faure K. Opportunities and challenges of liquid chromatography coupled to supercritical fluid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kaplitz AS, Mostafa ME, Calvez SA, Edwards JL, Grinias JP. Two‐dimensional separation techniques using supercritical fluid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:426-437. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samantha A. Calvez
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Rowan University Glassboro NJ USA
| | | | - James P. Grinias
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Rowan University Glassboro NJ USA
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Zoccali M, Donato P, Mondello L. Recent advances in the coupling of carbon dioxide-based extraction and separation techniques. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Development of a practical online supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography/mass spectrometry system with an integrated split-flow method. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1592:161-172. [PMID: 30712818 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a practical online supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography/mass spectrometry (SFE-SFC/MS) system with an integrated split-flow method and a pre-column trap method that is well suited for the continuous extraction and separation of a wide range of compounds, including hydrophilic ones. Although an SFE-SFC system with a splitting method is already commercially available, in this study, we added some new features to this system: 1) a splitting method that further reduces the amount of extractant introduced into SFC, 2) a trap column, connected before the analytical column, with a different separation mechanism than the analytical column in the system with the splitting method, and 3) a system for calculating the recovery rate of SFE during online SFE-SFC/MS. In the above setup, part of the analyzed extract is introduced into the separation section at a higher split ratio owing to the make-up pump flow rate, thus reducing the distortion of the target analyte peak shape caused by the use of a strong extractant. Furthermore, the separation efficiency is improved by the use of an additional pre-column capable of interacting with compounds weakly retained on the analytical column. Finally, we show that equalization of the SFE and autosampler injection conditions allows evaluation of the recovery rate of SFE during online SFE-SFC/MS.
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Construction of on-line supercritical fluid extraction with reverse phase liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of capsaicin. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Jurado-Campos N, Carpio A, Zougagh M, Arce L, Arroyo-Manzanares N. Innovative coupling of supercritical fluid extraction with ion mobility spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 188:637-643. [PMID: 30029424 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a pioneer on-line hyphenation between a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and an ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) detector through a Tenax TA sorbent trap as retention interface. By means of a simple design, taking advantage of both techniques, this new coupling allows us to extract and preconcentrate analytes and in a second step to determine them. As result, an increase in the accuracy of the analytical process was achieved by elimination of sample transfer from one device to another. In addition, this new coupling reduces the time needed for the optimization of a new SFE method, since the detector can monitor on-line the efficiency of the extraction. The parameters affecting the coupling and its success have been studied in detail via the extraction of benzene and toluene from soil samples. Finally, the suitability of IMS as on-line detector to monitor compounds of industrial interest extracted by SFE was evaluated taking as a model, the extraction and detection of 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) in rosemary aromatic plants, which could be extrapolated on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natividad Jurado-Campos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Azahara Carpio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Mohammed Zougagh
- Regional Institute for Applied Chemistry Research, IRICA, Av. Camilo José Cela 10, E-13004 Ciudad Real, Spain; Castilla-La Mancha Science and Technology Park, E-02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Lourdes Arce
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare-Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Zhang X, Ji F, Li Y, He T, Han Y, Wang D, Lin Z, Chen S. Rapid Determination of Two Triterpenoid Acids in Chaenomelis Fructus Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction On-line Coupled with Supercritical Fluid Chromatography. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:407-413. [PMID: 29643302 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.17p434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an on-line supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) method was developed for the rapid determination of oleanoic acid and ursolic acid in Chaenomelis Fructus. After optimization of the conditions, the two triterpenoid acids was obtained by SFE using 20% methanol as a modifier at 35°C in 8 min. They were resolved on a Shim-pack UC-X Diol column (4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm) in 14 min (0 - 10 min, 5 - 10%; 10 - 14 min, 10% methanol in CO2) with a backpressure of 15 MPa at 40°C. The on-line SFE-SFC method could be completed within 40 min (10.79 mg/g dry plant, Rs = 2.36), while the ultrasound-assisted extraction and HPLC method required at least 90 min (3.55 mg/g dry plant, Rs = 1.92). This on-line SFE-SFC method is powerful to simplify the pre-processing and quantitative analysis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Ji
- Analytical Center, Department of Analytical Instruments, Shimadzu (China) Co
| | - Yueqi Li
- Analytical Center, Department of Analytical Instruments, Shimadzu (China) Co
| | - Tian He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University
| | - Ya Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University
| | - Daidong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University
| | - Zongtao Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - Shizhong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University
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Pirok BWJ, Gargano AFG, Schoenmakers PJ. Optimizing separations in online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:68-98. [PMID: 29027363 PMCID: PMC5814945 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography has become an attractive option for the analysis of complex nonvolatile samples found in various fields (e.g. environmental studies, food, life, and polymer sciences). Two-dimensional liquid chromatography complements the highly popular hyphenated systems that combine liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Two-dimensional liquid chromatography is also applied to the analysis of samples that are not compatible with mass spectrometry (e.g. high-molecular-weight polymers), providing important information on the distribution of the sample components along chemical dimensions (molecular weight, charge, lipophilicity, stereochemistry, etc.). Also, in comparison with conventional one-dimensional liquid chromatography, two-dimensional liquid chromatography provides a greater separation power (peak capacity). Because of the additional selectivity and higher peak capacity, the combination of two-dimensional liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry allows for simpler mixtures of compounds to be introduced in the ion source at any given time, improving quantitative analysis by reducing matrix effects. In this review, we summarize the rationale and principles of two-dimensional liquid chromatography experiments, describe advantages and disadvantages of combining different selectivities and discuss strategies to improve the quality of two-dimensional liquid chromatography separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob W J Pirok
- University of Amsterdam, Analytical-Chemistry Group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,TI-COAST, Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea F G Gargano
- University of Amsterdam, Analytical-Chemistry Group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Schoenmakers
- University of Amsterdam, Analytical-Chemistry Group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Sánchez-Camargo ADP, Parada-Alfonso F, Ibáñez E, Cifuentes A. On-line coupling of supercritical fluid extraction and chromatographic techniques. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:213-227. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabián Parada-Alfonso
- High Pressure Laboratory; Chemistry Department; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Bogota D.C. Colombia
| | - Elena Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics; Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics; Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC; Madrid Spain
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Simultaneous achiral-chiral analysis of pharmaceutical compounds using two-dimensional reversed phase liquid chromatography-supercritical fluid chromatography. Talanta 2016; 148:548-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Reingruber E, Buchberger W. Analysis of polyolefin stabilizers and their degradation products. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3463-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Farrell WP, Aurigemma CM, Masters-Moore DF. Advances in High Throughput Supercritical Fluid Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070902956394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William P. Farrell
- a Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories , San Diego, California, USA
| | - Christine M. Aurigemma
- a Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories , San Diego, California, USA
| | - David F. Masters-Moore
- a Pfizer Global Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories , San Diego, California, USA
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François I, dos Santos Pereira A, Lynen F, Sandra P. Construction of a new interface for comprehensive supercritical fluid chromatography×reversed phase liquid chromatography (SFC×RPLC). J Sep Sci 2008; 31:3473-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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West C, Lesellier E. A unified classification of stationary phases for packed column supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1191:21-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.02.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Revised: 02/25/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry T. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212
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Pierce KM, Hoggard JC, Mohler RE, Synovec RE. Recent advancements in comprehensive two-dimensional separations with chemometrics. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1184:341-52. [PMID: 17697686 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2007] [Revised: 07/17/2007] [Accepted: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) separations provide the analyst with a tremendous amount of complex data. In order to glean useful information from this complex data, advancements in commercially available software that implement chemometrics are currently available and continue to evolve. Future advancements will no doubt involve commercializing (or adapting) specialized, in-house chemometric techniques that are currently found only in the hands of technical experts and researchers in industry, government, and academia. In order to make timely advancements, future commercialization of novel chemometric techniques should involve collaborations among instrument software manufacturers, professional programmers, technical experts, and researchers. During the last decade, this field has seen a steady advancement from single analyte target analysis to comprehensive non-target analysis of entire multidimensional sample profiles (involving sample classification and/or data mining for discovery-based sample comparisons). The advancements in instrumentation and chemometric software tools have a tremendous impact in various applications: fuels, food, environmental, pharmaceuticals, metabolomics, etc. Most of the development has been for software to apply with gas chromatography-based instrumentation, such as comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-TOF-MS). More recently there have been notable advancements in liquid-phase instrumentation as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karisa M Pierce
- Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1700 USA
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