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Maghear A, Tertiş M, Fritea L, Marian IO, Indrea E, Walcarius A, Săndulescu R. Tetrabutylammonium-modified clay film electrodes: characterization and application to the detection of metal ions. Talanta 2014; 125:36-44. [PMID: 24840412 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the preparation and characterization of smectite clay partially exchanged with tetrabutylammonium ions (TBA(+)) and its subsequent deposition onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for application to the preconcentration electroanalysis of metal ions (Cd, Pb, and Cu). Such partial exchange of TBA(+) induces the expansion of the interlayer region between the clay sheets (as ascertained by XRD) while maintaining its ion exchange capacity, which resulted in enhanced mass transport rates (as pointed out by electrochemical monitoring of permeability properties of these thin (organo)clay films on GCE). This principle was applied here to the anodic stripping square wave voltammetric analysis of metal ions after accumulation at open circuit. Among others, detection limits as low as 3.6×10(-8)M for copper and 7.2×10(-8)M for cadmium have been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Maghear
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l׳Environnement, UMR 7564, CNRS - Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, F-54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mihaela Tertiş
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; "Babeş-Bolyai" University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luminţa Fritea
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iuliu O Marian
- "Babeş-Bolyai" University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emil Indrea
- National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 65-103 Donath Street, 400295 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alain Walcarius
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l׳Environnement, UMR 7564, CNRS - Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, F-54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Robert Săndulescu
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Abstract
Electrochemical behavior of five progressively alkylated thiazine dyes has been investigated at glassy carbon/montmorillonite and glassy carbon/zeolite electrodes. Quantitative characteristics, associated with the positions of peak potentials (Ea and Ec) and current ratios (ia/ic), are measured with scan rates. The peak current observed in the modified electrodes is dependent on both the porosity and nature and number of sites involved in partitioning the complex into film. The values of diffusion coefficient for different dyes have been calculated from electrochemical data. It is suggested that in clay-modified electrode along with physical diffusion the process of electron hopping seems to be most likely.
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